Double Reed Woodwinds Presented by: Kara Hamm & Lane Bewley Presented by: Kara Hamm & Lane Bewley.

Double Reed Woodwinds

Double Reed Woodwinds

Presented by:Kara Hamm &Lane Bewley

Presented by:Kara Hamm &Lane Bewley

BassoonBassoon

A large double reed instrument with a lower sound than the other woodwind instruments

A large double reed instrument with a lower sound than the other woodwind instruments

The BeginningThe Beginning

Similar to the oboe First appeared in 1650 End of 1700’s; had 4-8 keys Heckel family of Germany

improved fingering and tone Heckel company is leading

bassoon manufacturer

Similar to the oboe First appeared in 1650 End of 1700’s; had 4-8 keys Heckel family of Germany

improved fingering and tone Heckel company is leading

bassoon manufacturer

The BasicsThe Basics

Bass member of double reeded woodwinds

Did you know…the Italian name for bassoon is “fagotto” meaning “bundle of sticks.”

Most people do not begin on bassoon because of the difficult fingerings. Having large hands helps.

Bass member of double reeded woodwinds

Did you know…the Italian name for bassoon is “fagotto” meaning “bundle of sticks.”

Most people do not begin on bassoon because of the difficult fingerings. Having large hands helps.

Basic InformationBasic Information

The bassoon is pitched in Concert “C” Therefore, no transposition is required.

Music for the bassoon is notated in the bass and tenor clefs.

Normal range: 3 octaves from B-flat 1 to E-flat 5.

The bassoon is pitched in Concert “C” Therefore, no transposition is required.

Music for the bassoon is notated in the bass and tenor clefs.

Normal range: 3 octaves from B-flat 1 to E-flat 5.

ConstructionConstruction

Tube of bassoon is 2.79 meters long, and is bent to make a height of 1.22 meters

Consists of a metal crook, or bocal, which fits into the bassoon

The reed is placed on the bocal The bocal is a metal tube about 13-1/2

inches long

Tube of bassoon is 2.79 meters long, and is bent to make a height of 1.22 meters

Consists of a metal crook, or bocal, which fits into the bassoon

The reed is placed on the bocal The bocal is a metal tube about 13-1/2

inches long

Construction (continued)Construction (continued)

Reeds are made out of cane. Most bassoons are made from

maple wood or rosewood Some models are now made of

ebonite

Reeds are made out of cane. Most bassoons are made from

maple wood or rosewood Some models are now made of

ebonite

Sound ProductionSound Production

Player blows air between the reeds Vibrating air inside instrument

travels over 9 feet to the bottom of the instrument then back to the top where the sound comes out.

Each note played has peak intensity of 500 hz

Player blows air between the reeds Vibrating air inside instrument

travels over 9 feet to the bottom of the instrument then back to the top where the sound comes out.

Each note played has peak intensity of 500 hz

Sound Production (cont.)Sound Production (cont.)

Highest range: throaty Middle range: large, full, and

mellow Lowest range: powerful and heavy

Highest range: throaty Middle range: large, full, and

mellow Lowest range: powerful and heavy

ContrabassoonContrabassoon

Sounds lower and is about two times longer than the bassoon

Because of unusual appearance, it is sometimes called the “clown of the orchestra”

Sounds lower and is about two times longer than the bassoon

Because of unusual appearance, it is sometimes called the “clown of the orchestra”

History of ContrabassoonHistory of Contrabassoon

Made in 1739 constructed same as

bassoon, but more compact because of folded tubes

Early models had holes which could be stopped with pegs to change the key of the instrument

Made in 1739 constructed same as

bassoon, but more compact because of folded tubes

Early models had holes which could be stopped with pegs to change the key of the instrument

Types of BassoonsTypes of Bassoons

Sarrusaphone: double bass instrument of woodwind section which was made of brass and wood and was created by Sarrus, they are most commonly seen in wind ensemble and concert band.

Tenoroon: smaller than the bassoon and it sounds a perfect fifth higher than bassoon and it appeared during the nineteenth century.

Sarrusaphone: double bass instrument of woodwind section which was made of brass and wood and was created by Sarrus, they are most commonly seen in wind ensemble and concert band.

Tenoroon: smaller than the bassoon and it sounds a perfect fifth higher than bassoon and it appeared during the nineteenth century.

Suggested Resources and Works Cited

Suggested Resources and Works Cited

http://www.apassion4jazz.net http://www.dsokids.com http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://library.thinkquest.org http://www.bassoon.pe.kr http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/the

soundexchange

http://www.apassion4jazz.net http://www.dsokids.com http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://library.thinkquest.org http://www.bassoon.pe.kr http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/the

soundexchange

History of the Oboe FamilyHistory of the Oboe Family

First reed instrument by Egyptians: pressed barley straws in pipe with 3 to 4 holes

12th century: shawm developed-brought to Europe from the East during the Crusades

First reed instrument by Egyptians: pressed barley straws in pipe with 3 to 4 holes

12th century: shawm developed-brought to Europe from the East during the Crusades

History (continued)History (continued)

17th century Oboe invented by Michel Philidor and

Jean Hotteterre Used in court of Louis XVI Original name was hautbois meaning

“high-wood” Gradual modifications brought oboe

to what it is today

17th century Oboe invented by Michel Philidor and

Jean Hotteterre Used in court of Louis XVI Original name was hautbois meaning

“high-wood” Gradual modifications brought oboe

to what it is today

TypesTypes

There are four members of the oboe family which cover the soprano, alto, tenor, and bass ranges. Each of these are notated in the treble clef. Oboes usually play melody lines and are great for playing staccato melodies.

There are four members of the oboe family which cover the soprano, alto, tenor, and bass ranges. Each of these are notated in the treble clef. Oboes usually play melody lines and are great for playing staccato melodies.

OboeOboe

Covers soprano range

Pitched in C Timbre is focused

and penetrating Plays tuning role

in orchestra

Covers soprano range

Pitched in C Timbre is focused

and penetrating Plays tuning role

in orchestra

Construction of OboeConstruction of Oboe

1 foot and 11.5 inches without reed Usually made of grenadilla or African

Blackwood Sterling-silver or nickel plated keys Upper joint, lower joint, bell Reed made of blades of cane; sits at top;

connected with a cork Narrow conical bore, the hole running

through the middle, that gets wider towards the bell

1 foot and 11.5 inches without reed Usually made of grenadilla or African

Blackwood Sterling-silver or nickel plated keys Upper joint, lower joint, bell Reed made of blades of cane; sits at top;

connected with a cork Narrow conical bore, the hole running

through the middle, that gets wider towards the bell

English HornEnglish Horn

Second most common double-reed Tenor version Pitched in F Timbre is more mysterious and

sorrowful Common for 2nd oboist to switch

between English horn and oboe

Second most common double-reed Tenor version Pitched in F Timbre is more mysterious and

sorrowful Common for 2nd oboist to switch

between English horn and oboe

Construction of English Horn

Construction of English Horn

Larger than oboe 2 feet and 7.5 inches

without bocal Upper joint, lower

joint, and onion shaped bell

Uses bocal, a thin, metal, curved pipe to which the reed is attached

Larger than oboe 2 feet and 7.5 inches

without bocal Upper joint, lower

joint, and onion shaped bell

Uses bocal, a thin, metal, curved pipe to which the reed is attached

Oboe D’amoreOboe D’amore

Pitched in A Sounds muted

and sweet Alto range Looks like small

English horn; constructed like English horn

Pitched in A Sounds muted

and sweet Alto range Looks like small

English horn; constructed like English horn

Bass OboeBass Oboe

Pitched in C, but plays one octave lower than written

Timbre is murky and atmospheric

Rarely used today Bocal is more

drastically curved

Pitched in C, but plays one octave lower than written

Timbre is murky and atmospheric

Rarely used today Bocal is more

drastically curved

Sound ProductionSound Production

-Double reed goes between lips and is blown-Reeds vibrate against each other causing

bursts of energy to enter the air column, which then causes the air column to vibrate

-Pitch is determined by key hole the air escapes

-The longer the air is in the tube, the slower the vibrations become resulting in a lower pitch.

-Double reed goes between lips and is blown-Reeds vibrate against each other causing

bursts of energy to enter the air column, which then causes the air column to vibrate

-Pitch is determined by key hole the air escapes

-The longer the air is in the tube, the slower the vibrations become resulting in a lower pitch.

For the BeginnerFor the Beginner

The recorder-a great tool for breath control, finger agility, and reading musical notation

Oboes are heavy and very expensive. Cheaper plastic versions are available but do not last long.

The recorder-a great tool for breath control, finger agility, and reading musical notation

Oboes are heavy and very expensive. Cheaper plastic versions are available but do not last long.

Motivating ResourcesMotivating Resources

http://www.musicked.com

Disney Greats books

http://www.musicked.com

Disney Greats books

Works Cited & Suggested Resources

Works Cited & Suggested Resources

http://www.wisegeek.com http://www.oboespace.com http://www.vsl.co.at http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://www.musicked.com http://www.stagepass.com http://www.bbc.co.uk

http://www.wisegeek.com http://www.oboespace.com http://www.vsl.co.at http://www.mathcs.duq.edu http://www.musicked.com http://www.stagepass.com http://www.bbc.co.uk

Works Cited (continued)Works Cited (continued)

http://www.oboe.20m.com http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/

thesoundexchange http://www.music.iastate.edu http://www.orchestralibrary.com http://www.elatril.com http://www.scaper.com

http://www.oboe.20m.com http://www.philharmonia.co.uk/

thesoundexchange http://www.music.iastate.edu http://www.orchestralibrary.com http://www.elatril.com http://www.scaper.com

…More Resources…More Resources

http://www.dsokids.com http://www.webreeds.com http://www.youtube.com

http://www.dsokids.com http://www.webreeds.com http://www.youtube.com