Dothraki diccionario

The Dothraki Language Dictionary (ver 3.1test)

Written by Lajaki (Richard Littauer)www.dothraki.org

May 24th, 2015

This is the first available Dothraki dictionary. Dothraki is the language for the Dothraki pe-ople, a nomadic war-mongering race that ride the aptly-named Dothraki Sea steppes in GeorgeR.R. Martin’s series, A Song of Ice and Fire. It was created by David Peterson, of the LanguageCreation Society, for the HBO adaptation of the series: all copyright belongs to HBO and theLCS. This is a dictionary only of publicly made information, from posts on the LCS blog, theoriginal books, David Peterson’s blog and personal emails. Words which have been created byDavid Peterson are listed as DP. Words created from the original book are listed as M. For moreinformation, go to dothraki.org. As the main thrust of the vocabulary development is now onthe wiki on Dothraki.org, an attempt is being made to keep these versions in sync. This dictio-nary is being maintained as it is more portable and searchable than the wiki. In the future, itcan also better handle translations into other languages.

Bold indicates a Dothraki word. Italics indicate the English definition. There are now sepa-rate, numbered entries for each word that has different definitions for different parts of speech(root words are generally excluded from this practice).

Plain text indicates grammatical categorization: parentheses indicate extra information.The IPA indicates the correct pronunciation, and should now be fully up-to-date. Some transcrip-tions may have allomorphs, as in [qoj] or [qhoj].

Transitivity for verbs is marked if known: vtr., for transitive verbs, and vin. for intransitiveverbs; words marked v. are either unattested or ambitransitive, or their transitivity is unableto be deduced.

Noun animacy is marked na. for animate nouns, and ni. for inanimate nouns. Nounsmarked simply n. are at this time unattested for animacy.

A capital letter ’B’, or lack thereof, following a part of speech indicates whether a wordstem is ’type A’ or ’Type B’. Type B nouns generally take an epenthetic /e/ when they areshortened to stems, type A do not. All nouns whose stems end in /g/, /w/ or /q/ are type B,and there are some other type B endings as well. Note that the type A/B distinction applies toverbs as well. At this point in time, not all type B words are marked as such.

Since the lexical form of Dothraki nouns and verbs are inflected forms, you will not seestems in this dictionary, except in a few rare cases. An attempt is being made to indicate thestems now, and it is hoped that eventually, all words with a questionable stem form will showthe correct stem. If unsure of a stem form, consult the Dothraki vocabulary wiki.

A few nouns are given with case endings when they have especially important meanings,or differ significantly in meaning from what the case ending normally implies.

Stress markings have been removed, as the stress is fairly predictable, and will be morecompletely addressed in a future version of this dictionary.

As the vocabularies for High Valyrian and Astapori Valyrian have grown, a few wordsderived from words in those languages have been noted. Expect to see more of these with

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time.Numbers are also listed here where David Peterson specifically attested one-word terms

for them. There is also now a numbers section in the appendices.The words herein should include all publicly known words. But if you find more words

elsewhere, spot any errors or inconsistencies, or have any comments, please let me know onthe forum. Thanks.

This dictionary is updated to match the Wiki edit of 24 May 2015, 07:21z.TEST MODE: Changes were recently made to the underlying code that drives the dictio-

nary to remove a means of checking updates for accuracy, etc. offline. So, updates need to bechecked online. If you see the word ’test’ following the version number, that means that theversion is being actively updated, and is not considered ’released for general use’. Use test up-dates at your own risk. In general, the dictionary is in test mode for only an hour or so, every7-10 days. Come back in an hour or so, and the dictionary should be back in ’general release’state.

Many praises and thanks go to Lajaki and Ingsve, who originally compiled this, and Tuiq,who originally put the coding online. Thanks also goes out to the folks at learnnavi.org, whonow host the backend server and database (as well as our website), that generates this dictio-nary. Much of the maintenance of this dictionary is now being done by Hrakkar.

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The Dictionary

A

acchakat: [at>tSakat�] DP vtr. to silence

achra: [ a>tSRa] DP adj. smelly

achrakh: [a>tSRax] DP ni. stink

achralat: [a>tSRal�at�] DP v. to be smelly, to give off

a smelladakhat: [ad�axat�] DP v. to eatadakhilat: [ad�axil�at�] DP v. to feed (specifically,

to feed on or feast on)addakhat: [ad�d�axat�] DP vtr. to feedaddo ajjalani: [ad�d�o ad

>dZal�an�i] DP n. midnight

addothralat: [ad�d�oTRal�at�] DP vtr. to convey, totransport someone

addrekat: [ad�d�Rekat�] DP vtr. to cause to spill, tospill

addrivat: [ad�d�Rivat�] DP vtr. to kill (chieflywhen done intentionally by a person)

ador: [ad�or] DP ni. chairadra: [ad�Ra] DP na. turtleaena: [aen�a] DP n. morningafazh: [afaZ] DP adj. hotafazhi: [afaZi] DP adj. warmaffa (1): [affa] DP intj. whoa! (horse command)affa (2): [affa] DP intj. ’shh’, sound used to calm

a horse or childaffazhat: [affaZat�] DP vtr. to warm, to give

warmth to, to make hotaffazolat: [affazol�at�] DP vtr. to replaceaffesat: [affesat�] DP vtr. to make someone itchaffin: [affin�] DP adv. whenaffisat: [affisat�] DP vtr. to clean, to washafis: [afis] DP n. flyaggendat: [aggen�d�at�] DP vtr. to rip something,

to tear somethingahesh: [aheS] DP ni. snowaheshke: [aheSke] DP ni. winterahhaqat: [ahhaqAt�] DP vtr. to frustrateahhasat: [ahhasat�] DP vtr. to sharpenahhaz: [ahhaz] DP adv. then (in close or imme-

diate future) cf. arrekai: [ai] M intj. yes, obedient responseajjalan: [ad

>dZal�an�] DP adv. tonight

ajjin: [ad>dZin�] DP adv. now

akat: [akat�] DP num. twoakatak: [akat�ak] DP na. second (ordinal, use ge-

nitive form if modifying a noun.)

akataki: [akat�aki] adj. secondakatken: [akat�ken�] DP num. two hundredakatthi: [akat�Ti] DP num. twelveakka: [akka] DP adv. also, too, as well, even, even

so, re-akkate: [akkat�e] DP adv. both, alike, the same

wayakkelenak: [akkel�en�ak] DP na. leaderakkelenat: [akkel�en�at�] DP v. to decide, to judgeakko!: [akko] DP intj. stand up! (short for akko-

varas, for commanding animals)akkovarat: [akkovaRat�] DP v. to stand (somet-

hing) upale: [al�e] DP adj. somealegra: [al�egRa] DP ni., B duckalikh: [al�ix] DP ni. moreallayafat: [al�l�ajafat�] DP vtr. to pleasealle: [al�l�e] DP adv. farther, furtheralloshat: [alloSat�] DP vtr. to pledgeammasat: [ammasat�] DP v. to decorateammattelat: [ammat�t�el�at�] DP v. to hobble a per-

sonammemat: [ammemat�] DP v. to play a musical

instrumentammenat: [ammen�at�] DP vtr. to empty somet-

hingammithrat: [ammiTRat�] DP vtr. to restanat (1): [an�at�] DP v. to joganat (2): [an�at�] DP vtr. to gen. to jog besideanha: [an�ha] DP pn. Ianna: [an�n�a] DP pn. meannakhat: [an�n�axat�] DP v. to stop (someone or

something)annakholat: [an�n�axol�at�] DP vtr. to put an end

to, to finishannese: [an�n�ese] DP ni. announcementannevalat: [an�n�eval�at�] DP vtr. to sit something,

to leave something aloneanni: [an�n�i] DP pn. of mineannithat: [an�n�iTat�] DP v. to cause pain, to hurtannithilat: [an�n�iTil�at�] DP v. to encourage, to in-

vigorate, to enticeao (1): [ao] DP adj. deepao (2): [ao] DP adv. dark (of color)aqqisat: [aqqesat�] DP vtr. to keep near

3

arakh: [aRax] M,DP ni. curved swordaranat: [aRan�at�] DP vtr. to drop (something)aranikh: [aRan�ix] DP ni. subject, topic, themearannat: [aRan�n�at�] DP v. to be neglectedaranne: [aRan�n�e] DP adv. carelesslyaresak: [aResak] DP na. cowardarraggat: [araggat�] DP v. to chokearranat: [aran�at�] DP vtr. to shame, to cause to be

mercifularrane: [aran�e] DP n. shaming, a public dressing

downarrek (1): [arek] DP adv. then (not in the imme-

diate future) cf. ahhazarrek (2): [arek] DP conj. whenarrekaan: [arekaan�] DP conj. whenarrekoon: [arekoon�] DP conj. untilarrissat: [arissat�] DP v. to fixarrokhat: [aroxat�] DP vtr. to frightenarthasat: [aRTasat�] DP v. to fallarthasolat: [aRTasol�at�] DP v. to fallasavva: [asavva] DP na. skyase: [ase] DP ni. word, commandasfavirzeth: [asfaviRzeT] DP ni. cranberryashefa: [aSefa] DP na. riverasqoyi: [asqOji] DP ni. oath, vowassamvat: [assamvat�] DP vtr. to break (somet-

hing)asshekh (1): [aSSex] DP adv. todayasshekh (2): [aSSex] DP ni. todayasshekh (3): [aSSex] DP na. dayasshekhqoyi: [aSSexqOji] DP ni. birthdayasshie: [aSSie] DP n. introductionasshilat: [aSSil�at�] DP v. to introduce, to presentassikhqoyi: [assixqOji] DP ni. sign, omenassikhqoyisir: [assixqOjisir] DP na. prophecyassilat (1): [assil�at�] DP v. to signalassilat (2): [assil�at�] DP vtr. to defeatassilat (3): [assil�at�] DP vtr. to all. to signal toassokh: [assox] DP ni. mesage, instructionsassolat: [assol�at�] DP v. to commandastat: [ast�at�] DP v. to sayastilat (1): [ast�il�at�] DP v. to jokeastilat (2): [ast�il�at�] DP vtr. to gen. to joke aboutasto: [ast�o] DP n. saying, prayerastolat (1): [ast�ol�at�] DP v. to speakastolat (2): [ast�ol�at�] DP vtr. to gen. to speak ofat: [at�] DP num. oneatak: [at�ak] DP na. first (ordinal, use genitive

form if modifying a noun.)

ataki: [at�aki] DP adj. firstate: [at�e] DP adv. firstath: [aT] DP adj. dryathaddrivar: [aTad�d�Rivar] DP ni. fatalityathahhaqar: [aTahhaqAr] DP ni. frustrationathaozar: [aTaozar] DP ni. depths, deepathasar: [aTasar] DP na. wastelandathastokhdeveshizar: [aTast�oxd�eveSizar] DP

ni. nonsenseathayozar: [aThajozar] DP ni. waitingathchilar: [aT

>tSil�ar] DP ni. limit, lay, extreme

athchomar: [aT>tSomar] DP ni. respect, reverence

athchomar chomakea: [aT>tSomar

>tSomakea]

DP phrase respect to those that are respectful(A greeting said to a group)

athdarinar: [aTd�aRin�ar] DP ni. lamenessathdavrazar: [aTd�avRazar] DP ni. usefullness

(also means good or excellent when usedas an exclamation.)

athdikar: [aTd�ikar] DP ni. speedathdisizar: [aTd�isizar] DP ni. comfort, simplicityathdrivar: [aTd�Rivar] DP ni. deathathdrivar shekhi: [aTd�RivaR Sexi] DP ni. sunsetathdrivarido: [aTd�RivaRid�o] DP ni. nightmareathessazar: [aTessazar] DP ni. returnathezar: [aTezar] DP ni. departureathezhirar: [aTeZiRar] DP ni. dancingathfiezar: [aTfiezar] DP ni. love (between sib-

lings or friends)athgoshar: [aTgoSar] DP ni. certaintyathhajar: [aThajar] DP ni. strengthathhilezar: [aThil�ezar] DP ni. sexathijezar: [aTi

>dZezar] DP ni. woman-on-top sex

athjahakar: [aT>dZahakar] DP ni. pride, prowess

athjerizar: [aT>dZeRizar] DP ni discussion

athjilar: [aT>dZil�ar] DP ni. correctness, rightness

athkemar: [aTkemar] DP ni. marrigeathlanar: [aTl�an�ar] DP ni. runningathlaqar: [aTl�aqAr] DP ni. wailingathlavakhar: [aTl�avaxar] DP ni. loudnessathmanimvenar: [aTman�imven�ar] DP ni. anx-

iousnessathmharar: [aTmhaRar] DP ni. ache, sorenessathmithrar: [aTmiTRar] DP ni. restathmovezar: [aTmovezar] DP ni. magicathniqar: [aTn�iqAr] DP ni. rigidityathnithar: [aTn�iTar] DP ni. painathnithmenar: [aTn�iTmen�ar] DP ni. pain-

lessness

4

athohharar: [aTohhaRar] DP ni. collapse, defeatatholat: [aTol�at�] DP v. to dryathostar: [aTost�ar] DP ni. furyathrokhar: [aTRoxar] DP ni. fearathtihar: [aTt�ihar] DP ni. vision, lookathvezhvenar: [aTveZven�ar] DP ni. greatness,

excellent (when used as an exclamation)athvilajerar: [aTvil�a

>dZeRar] DP ni. war

athvillar: [aTvil�l�ar] DP ni. wisdom (gained fromexperience or learned)

athyolar: [aTjol�ar] DP ni. birthathzalar: [aTzal�ar] DP ni. hopeathzhikhar: [aTZixar] DP ni. sicknessathzhilar: [aTZil�ar] DP ni. love (romantic or sex-

ual love; a private word)athzhokwazar: [aTZokwazar] DP ni. sizeathzhowakar: [aTZowakar] DP ni. dangerato: [at�o] DP ni. one, somethingatte: [at�t�e] DP adv. first, firstlyatthar: [aTTar] DP ni. dutyatthasat: [aTTasat�] DP v. to make someo-

ne/something fall, to defeat, to destroy (insul-ting)

atthdrivar shekhi: [aTHd�Rivar Sexi] DP ni. sun-set

atthi: [aTTi] DP num. elevenatthirar: [aTTiRar] DP ni. life

atthirarido: [aTThiRaRid�o] DP ni. dreamattihat: [at�t�ihat�] DP vtr. to showave: [ave] DP na. fatheravvemolat: [avvemol�at�] DP v. to make somet-

hing to kneelavvirsalat: [avviRsal�at�] DP vtr. to burn somet-

hingavvitisherat: [avvit�iSeRat�] DP vtr. to grow somet-

hingavvos: [avvos] DP adv. neverawazak: [awazak] DP na. screamerawazat: [awazat�] DP v. to screamayena: [ajen�a] DP ni. bellayolat: [ajol�at�] DP vin. to waitayyathat: [ajjaTat�] DP v. to liftayyey: [ajjej] DP adv. alwaysaz: [az] DP ni. bladeazhasavva: [aZasavva] DP ni. blessingazhat: [aZat�] DP vtr. to give (something to some-

one) Recipient is in allative caseazho: [aZo] DP ni. giftazzafrok: [azzafRok] DP na. slaverazzafrolat: [azzafRol�at�] DP vtr. to enslaveazzisat: [azzisat�] DP vtr. to harm someoneazzohat: [azzohat�] DP vtr. to put something

down

C

chaf: [>tSaf] DP na. wind

chafak: [>tSafak] DP na. mercenary, turncloak,

traitorchafasar: [

>tSafasar] DP na. climate

chafka: [>tsafka] DP ni. autumnchak: [

>tSak] DP adj. silent

chakat (1): [>tSakat�] DP num. twenty

chakat (2): [>tSakat�] DP vin. to be silent

chal: [>tSal�] DP ni. bean (general use)

challeya: [>tSal�l�eja] DP ni. bean (when used as

food)charat (1): [

>tSaRat�] DP vtr. to hear

charat (2): [>tSaRat�] DP vtr. to abl. to hear some of

charat (3): [>tSaRat�] DP vtr. to gen. to hear about

chare: [>tSaRe] DP ni. ear

charolat: [>tSaRol�at�] DP v. to listen

che: [>tSe] DP conj. either, or

chek: [>tSek] DP adv. well

chekosshi: [>tSekoSSi] DP adv. very well, excel-

lentlychelsian: [

>tSel�sian�] DP na. locust

cheno: [>tSen�o] DP ni. liver

chetira: [>tSet�iRa] DP ni. a distance of about a half

mile which can be cantered in one leshitofchetirat (1): [

>tSet�iRat�] DP v. to canter

chetirat (2): [>tSet�iRat�] DP vtr. to gen. to canter

besidecheyao: [

>tSejao] DP na. dark bay horse

cheyaoven: [>tSejaoven�] DP adj. dark brown skin-

nedchifekh: [

>tSifex] DP num. seventy

chifti: [>tSifji] DP na. cricket

chiftik: [>tSift�ik] DP na. cricket man (used as an

insult)chiftikh: [

>tSift�ix] DP ni. weak hit, glancing blow

(with sword)chilat: [

>tSil�at�] DP v. to lie down

5

chilay: [>tSil�aj] DP adj. lying, supine

chimek: [>tSimek] DP num. fifty

chiori: [>tSioRi] DP na. woman, short form of chio-

rikem for ’wife’chiorikem: [

>tSioRikem] DP ni. wife

chiqazat: [>tSiqAzat�] DP num. ninety

chir: [>tSir] DP v.aux. almost, nearly

chisen: [>tSisen�] DP num. thirty

chitor: [>tSit�or] DP num. forty

chiva: [>tSiva] DP ni. horn

chizhinda: [>tSiZin�d�a] DP num. sixty

choakat: [>tSoakat�] DP v. to be bitter

chomak: [>tSomak] DP na. one who is respectful

(insulting when used for a fellow Dothra-ki)

chomat (1): [>tSomat�] DP v. to be respectul

chomat (2): [>tSomat�] DP vtr. to all. to respect

chomokh: [>tSomox] DP ni. honor

chomolat (1): [>tSomol�at�] DP vin. to grow re-

spectfulchomolat (2): [

>tSomol�at�] DP vtr. to give respect

to, to honorchongat: [

>tSon�gat�] DP v. to be hard

chongolat: [>tSon�gol�at�] DP v. to solidify

choo: [>tSoo] DP na. pika

chori: [>tSoRi] DP num. eighty

chorkat: [>tSoRkat�] DP v. to roll

chosh: [>tSoS] DP adj. fresh

chot: [>tSot�] DP ni. beet

chotteya: [>tSot�t�eja] DP ni. beet paste

choyo: [>tSojo] DP ni. joke word for someones be-

hind

D

daeni: [d�aen�i] DP ni. leafdahaan: [d�ahaan�] DP adj. greendahana: [d�ahan�a] DP ni. type of grassdaki: [d�aki] DP ni. pomegranatedalen: [d�al�en�] DP num. thousanddalfe: [d�al�fe] DP ni. cow, beefdan: [d�an�] DP ni. ford (of a river), gemdana: [d�an�a] DP ni. clearing in a forestdarif: [d�aRif] DP ni. saddledarin: [d�aRin�] DP adj. lame, limpdave (1): [d�ave] DP na. rosemary bushdave (2): [d�ave] DP adj. pungentdavra: [d�avRa] DP adj. good, usefuldavrakh: [d�avRax] DP ni. useful thing, appdavralat (1): [d�avRal�at�] DP vin. to be usefuldavralat (2): [d�avRal�at�] DP vtr. to all. to be useful

todavveya: [d�avveja] DP ni. rosemarydech: [d�e

>tS] DP ni. cheek (on the face)

dei (1): [d�ei] DP adj. shallowdei (2): [d�ei] DP adv. light (of color)devesh: [d�eveS] DP ni. fogdevolat: [d�evol�at�] DP vtr. to know how, to be able

todiaf: [d�aif] DP ni. skulldik: [d�ik] DP adj. fastdili: [d�il�i] DP ni. flash, sparkledinat: [din�at�] DP v. to passdirgat: [d�iRgat�] DP v.-B to think

dirge: [d�iRge] DP ni. thought, ideadis: [d�is] DP adj. simple, plaindishah: [d�iSah] DP ni. barkdisisse: [d�isisse] DP adj. very simpledisse: [d�isse] DP adv. only, simply, exclusively,

justdiwe: [d�iwe] DP adj. wetdiwelat: [d�iwel�at�] DP vin. to be wetdogat (1): [d�ogat�] DP vin. to sufferdogat (2): [d�ogat�] DP vtr. to abl. to suffer fromdonat (1): [d�on�at�] DP v. to shoutdonat (2): [d�on�at�] DP vtr. to gen. to shout aboutdorvi: [d�oRvi] DP ni. goatdorvof: [d�oRvof] DP ni. ibexdosh: [d�oS] DP n. councildothrak: [d�oTRak] DP na. riderdothrakh: [d�oTRax] DP ni. ridedothrakhqoyi: [d�oTRaxqOji] DP ni. bloodriderdothralat (1): [d�oTRal�at�] DP v. to ride (With hor-

se, steed, or my horse, my steed as the subject)dothralat (2): [d�oTRal�at�] DP vtr. to gen. to ride

alongsidedothralat (3): [d�oTRal�at�] DP v. to have an erectiondozgikh: [d�ozgix] DP ni. animal carcassdozgo: [d�ozgo] DP ni, na. enemy (used as na.

when referring to a specific enemy)dozgosor: [d�ozgosor] DP na. enemy horde, slang

for one’s own khalasar

6

drane: [d�Ran�e] DP na. mother who is breastfee-ding her child

dranekh: [d�Ran�ex] DP ni. mother’s milk (humanmilk)

drekat: [d�Rekat�] DP vin. to spill (non volitionale.g. the milk spilled)

drekolat: [d�Rekol�at�] DP vtr. to come to spill, totip over and spill

driv: [d�Riv] DP adj. deaddrivat: [d�Rivat�] DP vin. to be deaddrivolat (1): [d�Rivol�at�] DP vin. to diedrivolat (2): [d�Rivol�at�] DP vtr. to abl. to die fromdrogat: [d�Rogat�] DP vtr., B to drive (animals)drogikh: [d�Rogix] DP ni. herddrozhat: [d�RoZat�] DP vtr. to slay, to kill (done by

inanimate object, animals, or unawares)

E

edavrasa: [ed�avRasa] DP adj. useless, of poorquality

efat: [efat�] DP v. to squeezeefe: [efe] DP ni. shackleefesalat: [efesal�at�] DP vtr. to uproot, to scratchefichisalat: [efi

>tSisal�at�] DP v. to disagree

ei: [ei] DP det. all, everyejakh: [e

>dZax] DP ni. bank (of a body of water)

ejervalat: [e>dZeRval�at�] DP v. to remove

ekhogaralat: [exogaRal�at�] DP v. to undresselain: [el�ain�] DP n. seed, spermelainat: [el�ain�at�] DP v. to plantelat (1): [el�at�] DP v. to goelat (2): [el�at�] DP vtr. to gen. to go along witheleisosakh: [el�eisosax] DP ni. point on a route,

’via point’elme: [el�me] DP ni. shoulderelzat: [el�zat�] DP v. to respondelzikh: [el�zix] DP ni. responseemat (1): [emat�] DP vin. to smileemat (2): [emat�] DP vtr. to all. to smile at, to ap-

prove ofeme: [eme] DP ni. smileemesh: [emeS] DP ni. smileyemmalat: [emmal�at�] DP vtr. to make something

enter (from emralat)emmat: [emmat�] DP vtr. to amuseemrakh: [emRax] DP ni. gateemralat: [emRal�at�] DP v. to enterenossho: [en�oSSo] DP ni. muleenta: [en�t�a] DP n. baby, infanteqorasalat: [eqORasal�at�] DP vtr. to let go oferin: [eRin�] DP adj. kind, gooderinak: [eRin�ak] DP na. lady, kind oneerinat: [eRin�at�] DP v. to be kind, to be goodershe: [eRSe] DP adj. oldes: [es] DP adj. smooth

esazhalat: [esaZal�at�] DP v. to take somethingback

esemrasakh: [esemRasax] DP ni. exitesemrasalat: [esemRasal�at�] DP v. to exit, to leaveeshat: [eSat�] DP v. to get upeshina: [esSin�a] DP n. fisheshna: [eSn�a] DP adv. another, otheresina: [esin�a] DP adj. differentesinakh: [esin�ax] DP ni. a different thingesinalat: [esin�al�at�] DP vin. to be differentesinasolat: [esin�asol�at�] DP vin. to changeesittesak: [esit�t�esak] DP na. braggart, blowhardesittesalat: [esit�t�esal�at�] DP v. to brag, to exagge-

rateessalat: [essal�at�] DP vin. to returnessheya: [eSSeja] DP ni. roof, top part, topeth: [eT] DP v.aux. must, have toevat: [evat�] DP vtr. to start doing something

(used with a verb)eve: [eve] DP ni. taileveth: [eveT] DP ni. waterevethiz: [eveTiz] DP ni. poison waterevolat: [evol�at�] DP vin. to startevoon: [evoon�] DP adv. all along, the whole time,

from the beginningevvat: [evvat�] DP vtr. to start somethingewe: [ewe] DP n. oliveewekh: [ewex] DP ni. olive oilewweya: [ewweja] DP ni. olive piteyak: [ejak] DP pn. everyoneeyel: [ejel�] DP ni. raineyelat: [ejel�at�] DP vtr. to move somethingeyeli: [ejel�i] DP adj. spotted (e.g. the status of

having spots)eyelilat: [ejel�il�at�] DP vin. to be spotted (e.g. the

state or status of having spots)eyelke: [ejel�ke] DP ni. springezat: [ezat�] DP v. to find

7

ezhirat: [eZiRat�] DP vin. to danceezhiray: [eZiRaj] DP adj. dancingezok: [ezok] DP na. learner

ezolat: [ezol�at�] DP v. to learnezzolat: [ezzol�at�] DP v. to teach

F

fakat (1): [fakat�] DP vtr. to kickfakat (2): [fakat�] DP vtr. to all. to kick atfansa: [fan�sa] DP n. dappled horsefaqqi: [faqqe] DP na. corn bunting (a bird)fas: [fas] DP n. cloudfasqoyi: [fasqOji] DP ni. destinyfatat (1): [fat�at�] DP vtr. to slapfatat (2): [fat�at�] DP vtr. to all. to slap atfatilat (1): [fat�il�at�] DP vtr. to insultfatilat (2): [fat�il�at�] DP vtr. to all. to throw an in-

sult atfejat: [fe

>dZat�] DP v. to hate

fekh: [fex] DP num. sevenfekhak: [fexak] DP na. seventh (ordinal, use ge-

nitive form if modifying a noun.)fekhken: [fexken�] DP num. seven hundredfekhthi: [fexTi] DP num. seventeenfelde: [fel�d�e] DP ni. wingfeldekh: [fel�d�ex] DP ni. featherfenat: [fen�at�] DP vtr. to attachferri: [feri] DP ni. hempfeshith: [feSiT] DP na. treefeso: [feso] DP ni. carrotfevelat (1): [fevel�at�] DP vin. to thirstfevelat (2): [fevel�at�] DP vtr. to abl. to thirst forfichat: [fi

>tSat�] DP vtr. to take, to bring, to fetch

fiez: [fiez] DP n. ropefih: [fih] DP ni. smokefilkak: [fil�kak] DP na. cowardfilkat: [fil�kat�] DP vin. to move like a caterpillarfilki: [fil�ki] DP ni. caterpillarfilla: [fil�l�a] DP ni. dried plumfin (1): [fin�] DP pn. who (question word, when

speaking of an animate object)fin (2): [fin�] DP pn. relative pronoun that intro-

duces relative clause, when speaking of an ani-malte object

fini (1): [fin�i] DP pn. what (question word,when speaking of an inanimate object)

fini (2): [fin�i] DP pn. relative pronoun that intro-duces relative clause, when speaking of an ina-nimate object

finne (1): [fin�n�e] DP pn. wherefinne (2): [fin�n�e] DP adv. wherefir: [fir] DP adj. roundfire: [fiRe] DP ni. ringfiresof: [fiResof] DP ni. yearfiri: [fiRi] DP n. ballfirikh: [fiRix] DP ni. ringfirikhnharen: [fiRixn�haRen�] DP ni. crownfish: [fiS] DP adj. coldfitte: [fit�t�e] DP adj. shortfitteya: [fit�t�eja] DP ni. an unnoticed and

uncalled-for erectionflas: [fl�as] DP ni. a film on top of a soup, creamflasikh: [fl�asix] DP ni. updateflech: [fl�e

>tS] DP adj. dull

fonak: [fon�ak] DP na. hunterfonakasar: [fon�akasar] DP na. hunting partyfonas chek: [fon�as

>tSek] DP phrase said at par-

ting lit. hunt wellfonat: [fon�at�] DP v. to huntfonnoya: [fon�n�oja] DP ni. advicefonolat: [fon�ol�at�] DP vtr. to track, to seekfotha: [foTa] DP ni. throatfoz: [foz] DP adj. oldfozak: [fozak] DP na. eldersfrakhat (1): [fRaxat�] DP vtr. to touchfrakhat (2): [fRaxat�] DP vtr. to all. to reach to

touchfrakholat: [fRaxol�at�] DP vtr. to feelfredri: [fRed�Ri] DP n. sound of horse’s hooves on

dirtfredrik: [fRed�Rik] DP na. chatterbox, one who

sounds like horse’s hoovesfredrilat: [fRed�Ril�at�] DP vin. to run (with horses

as subject)

8

G

gachat: [ga>tSat�] DP v. to figure out, to solve

gache: [ga>tSe] DP ni. place, environs

gadim: [gad�im] DP ni. lungsgaezo: [gaezo] DP n. brothergale: [gal�e] DP n. egggamiz: [gamiz] DP ni. riceganat: [gan�at�] DP v. to leangango: [gan�go] DP ni. bellygango awazat: [gan�go awazat�] DP v. to feel anx-

ious/excitedgaoli: [gaol�i] DP n. intestinesgarfoth: [gaRfoT] DP n. rootgarvolat (1): [gaRvol�at�] DP vin. to grow hungrygarvolat (2): [gaRvol�at�] DP vtr. to abl. to hunger

forgavat: [gavat�] DP ni. meatgehqoyi: [gehqOji] DP ni. bolasgendat: [gen�d�at�] DP vin. to be ripped, to be torngende (1): [gen�d�e] DP n. ripgende (2): [gen�d�e] DP adj. rippedgendolat: [gen�d�ol�at�] DP vin. to become ripped,

to ripgerat: [geRat�] DP vtr. to abl. to lack

gerikh: [geRix] DP ni. lackgeve: [geve] DP na. molegezri: [gezRi] DP na. snakegezrikh: [gezRix] DP ni. a feint or decoy strike

(with sword)gidat: [gid�at�] DP v. to pushgillo: [gil�l�o] DP n. breezegillosor: [gil�l�osor] DP na. weathergimi: [gimi] DP n. mousegiz: [giz] DP n. beegizikh: [gizix] DP ni. honeygizikhven: [gizixven�] DP adj. sweetglas: [gl�as] DP n. onionglen: [gl�en�] DP n. lousegomma: [gomma] DP n. mouth of a humangorat: [goRat�] DP v. to charge a horsegoshat: [goSat�] DP v. to be certain, to be suregovak: [govak] DP na. fucker (insult)govat: [govat�] DP vtr. to mate (animals); to breedgraddakh (1): [gRad�d�ax] DP ni. waste, refusegraddakh (2): [gRad�d�ax] DP intj. shit (generic

undirected profanity)gref: [gRef] DP n. wallgwe: [gwe] DP intj. Here!, Let’s go!, Go!

H

h’: [h] DP prep. elided version of haha (1): [ha] DP prep. to abl. fromha (2): [ha] DP prep. to all. forha nakhaan: [ha n�axaan�] DP adv. finally, last,

ultimatelyhadaen: [had�aen�] DP ni. foodhador: [had�or] DP n. gust of windhaesh: [haeS] M ni. spawnhaf: [haf] DP adj. soft, quiethaj: [ha

>dZ] M adj. strong

haje: [ha>dZe] DP adj. right (direction)

hajekh: [ha>dZex] DP ni. right side

haji (1): [ha>dZi] DP prep. to abl. because of, on

account ofhaji (2): [ha

>dZi] DP prep. Default preposition for

foreign words thet do not declinehajinaan: [ha

>dZin�aan�] DP conj. because (follo-

wed by prefix me-)hajolat: [ha

>dZol�at�] DP v. to grow strong

hake: [hake] DP na. name

hakelat: [hakel�at�] DP v. to name somethinghakeso: [hakeso] DP adj. famoushalah: [hal�ah] DP na. flowerhalahi: [hal�ahi] DP ni. tree that can blossomhale: [hal�e] DP intj. hey! (exclamation)hammi: [hammi] DP n. yakhanna: [han�n�a] DP ni. rosehaqat: [haqAt�] DP v. to be tiredhaqe: [haqE] DP adj. tiredhaqeqqe: [haqEqqE] DP adj. exhaustedhaqolat: [haqOl�at�] DP v. to grow tiredhas: [has] DP adj. sharphash (1): [haS] DP conj. if...then, when...thenhash (2): [haS] DP conj. do (question word)hash yer ray nesi: [haS jer raj n�esi] DP phrase

did you know?hatif (1): [hat�if] DP n. facehatif (2): [hat�if] DP prep. to gen. in front of, be-

forehatif (3): [hat�if] DP prep. to all. to front of, to

9

beforehatif (4): [hat�if] DP prep. to abl. from front of,

from beforehavazh: [havaZ] DP ni. seahavolat: [havol�at�] DP v. to move weaklyhavon: [havon�] DP n. breadhavzi: [havzi] DP n. cathavziven: [havziven�] DP adj. lazyhaz (1): [haz] DP dem adj. that (when speaking

of an object present and directly indicated)haz (2): [haz] pn. that (when speaking of an

animate object present and directly indica-ted)

hazak: [hazak] DP dem. pn. that (when spea-king of person(s) present and directly indi-cated)

hazi: [hazi] DP pn. that (when speaking of aninanimate object present and directly indi-cated)

hazze: [hazze] DP loc. adv. thereheffof: [heffof] DP ni. jughem: [hem] DP ni. furheme: [heme] DP adj. furryhemelat: [hemel�at�] DP v. to have furhemikh: [hemix] DP ni. pelthesk: [hesk] DP adj. southernheske: [heske] DP ni. southheth: [heT] DP ni. rim, lips (of a person)hethkat: [heTkat�] DP v. tight; ready, preparedhethke: [heTke] DP adj. tight; ready, prepared

hezhah: [heZah] DP adv. far, off, hencehezhahat: [heZahat�] DP v. to make distance, to

travel, to navigatehilelat: [hil�el�at�] DP vtr. to dig, to have sex, to hit

(score with someone sexually)himat: [himat�] DP vin. to clenchhimo: [himo] DP n. fist, clenched thinghiri!: [hiRi] DP intj. watch! (short for vitihiras,

for commanding animals)hlaka: [hl�aka] DP ni. glovehlizif: [hl�izif] DP na. bearhlizifikh: [hl�izifix] DP ni. a wild but powerful

sword strikehlofa: [hl�ofa] DP ni. wrist, ankleholat: [hol�at�] DP v. to blowhosh: [hoS] DP intj. giddyup! (horse command)hoshor: [hoSor] DP adj. goldenhoska: [hoska] DP na. mouth of an animalhoyalat: [hojal�at�] DP v. to singhoyali: [hojal�i] DP ni. songhrakkar: [hRakkar] M na. white lionhrakkarikh: [hRakkaRix] DP ni. a quick, power-

ful, accurate sword strikehranna: [hRan�n�a] M ni. a type of grass, any grass-

like ground cover (Accusative form is hran)hrazef: [hRazef] DP ni. horsehrazef chafi: [hRazef

>tSafi] DP ni. mustang, a

horse that used to be tamehrazefeser: [hRazefeser] DP na. herd of wild hor-

ses, ’traffic’

I

iddelat: [id�d�el�at�] DP vtr. to welcome, to make so-meone drink

idiro: [id�iRo] DP na. owlidirolat: [id�iRol�at�] DP v. to suddenly turn com-

pletely around (as if by surprise), make a "U-turn"

ido: [id�o] DP adj. wooden, fakeidrik: [id�Rik] DP na. leader of the hunt or hostidrilat: [id�Ril�at�] DP vtr. to guideifak: [ifak] DP na. foreignerifat (1): [ifat�] DP vin. to walkifat (2): [ifat�] DP vtr. to gen. to walk besideifeqevron: [ifeqEvRon�] DP n. species of forest spi-

deriffat: [iffat�] DP vtr. to make someone walkiffi: [iffi] DP n. victory

igge: [igge] DP n. bucketijelat: [i

>dZel�at�] DP v. to swallow, to practice

woman-on-top sexikh: [ix] DP ni. ashesildat: [il�d�at�] DP v. to strikeildo: [il�d�o] DP ni. sword strikeilek: [il�ek] DP n. skinimesh: [imeS] DP adj. youngimeshat: [imeSat�] DP v. to be youngimo: [imo] DP ni. beltinavva: [in�avva] DP n. sisterindelat: [in�d�el�at�] DP v. to drinkinte: [in�t�e] DP ni. beetleirge (1): [iRge] DP n. backirge (2): [iRge] DP prep. to gen. afterirge (3): [iRge] DP prep. to all. to behind

10

irge (4): [iRge] DP prep. to abl. from behindirra: [ira] DP n. troutirvosa: [iRvosa] DP ni. a distance of approxima-

tely one fourth mileirvosat: [iRvosat�] DP v. to trotish: [iS] DP v.aux. mightishish: [iSiS] DP adv. maybeiste: [iste] DP adj. well proven, well testedita: [it�a] DP adj. suitably warmithkoil: [iTkoil�] DP adj. brittleittelat: [it�t�el�at�] DP vtr. to make something well-

proven, to test in actionivezh: [iveZ] DP adj. wildivezho: [iveZo] DP ni., B beastivezholat: [iveZol�at�] DP vin. to grow fierceivisat: [ivisat�] DP vin. to meltivvisat: [ivvisat�] DP v. to melt somethingizat: [izat�] DP vin. to be poisonous, to be ve-

nomousize: [ize] DP ni. poisonizven: [izven�] DP adj. forbiddenizzat: [izzat�] DP vtr. to poison

J

jadat: [>dZad�at�] DP v. to come

jadilat: [>dZad�il�at�] DP vtr. to approach, to come up

tojadolat: [

>dZad�ol�at�] DP v. to arrive

jadro: [>dZad�Ro] DP ni. vulture

jahak: [>dZahak] DP na. Dothraki hair-braid, li-

on’s mane, hairstylejahakmen: [

>dZahakmen�] DP adj. braidless

jalan: [>dZal�an�] DP na. moon

jalan qoyi: [>dZal�an� qOji] DP n. harvest moon

jalanqoyi: [>dZal�an�qOji] DP ni. total lunar eclipse

janha: [>dZan�ha] DP n. blanket

janise: [>dZan�ise] DP na. niece

jano: [>dZan�o] DP ni. dog

jaqqa: [>dZaqqA] DP n. executioner, someone re-

sponsible for someone’s deathjaqqa rhan: [

>dZaqqA Rhan�] M n. mercy men (not

literal translation)jasat: [

>dZasat�] DP v. to laugh

javrath: [>dZavRaT] DP ni reins

javrathat: [>dZaRaTat�] DP vtr. to rein, to check or

guide a horse with the reinsjazat: [

>dZazat�] DP v. to block

jazo: [>dZazo] DP ni. block, an instance of blocking

jedda: [>dZed�d�a] DP ni. pony

jekhtat (1): [>dZext�at�] DP vin. to bounce, to ri-

cochetjekhtat (2): [

>dZext�at�] DP vtr. to abl. to bounce

off ofjela: [

>dZel�a] DP ni. lemon

jelaven: [>dZel�aven�] DP adj. sour

jelli: [>dZel�l�i] DP ni. cheese

jerak: [>dZeRak] DP na. trader, merchant

jerak sewafikhaan: [>dZeRak sewafixaan�] DP na.

wine merchantjerakasar: [

>dZeRakasar] DP na. trader’s guild,

"company"jerat: [

>dZeRat�] DP v. to trade

jerriya: [>dZeriya] DP ni. discussion

jervat: [>dZeRvat�] DP v. to imprison

jesat: [>dZesat�] DP v. to pull

jeser: [>dZeser] DP n. market

jesh: [>dZeS] DP ni. ice

jesho: [>dZeSo] DP adj. frozen

jesholat: [>dZeSol�at�] DP v. freeze

jeshoy: [>dZeSoj] DP adj. freezing

jeshven: [>dZeSven�] DP adj. icy

jezat: [>dZezat�] DP v. to block (a strike)

jif: [>dZif] DP v.aux. should

jil: [>dZil�] DP adj. right, rightful

jilat: [>dZil�at�] DP v. to be right, to be correct

jim: [>dZim] DP adj. western

jimma: [>dZimma] DP ni. west

jin (1): [>dZin�] DP dem adj. this

jin (2): [>dZin�] DP na. female goat

jin (3): [>dZin�] DP pn. this (when speaking of an

animate object)jinak: [

>dZin�ak] DP dem. pn. this (when spea-

king of person(s) )jini: [

>dZin�i] DP pn. this (when speaking of an

inanimate object)jinne: [

>dZin�n�e] DP loc. adv. here

jith: [>dZiT] DP na. fox

jiz: [>dZiz] DP na. chicken

jolinat: [>dZol�in�at�] DP v. to cook

jolinikh: [>dZol�in�ix] DP ni. prepared food

11

jolino: [>dZol�in�o] DP ni. cooking pot

joma: [>dZoma] DP ni. salmon

jon: [>dZon�] DP adj. closed, shut, sealed

joro: [>dZoRo] DP ni. idol, icon

jorok: [>dZoRok] DP ni/na. corn

K

k’: [k] DP prep. elided version of kikadat: [kad�at�] DP v. to capture, to wrangle, to

corralkade: [kad�e] DP ni. netkadikh: [k�ad�ix] DP ni. untamed captured animalkafat: [kafat�] DP v. to smashkafe: [kafe] DP n. pestlekaffat: [kaffat�] DP v. to crushkane: [kan�e] DP na. larkkarlina: [kaRl�in�a] DP ni. mile, distance traveled

in one leshitofkarlina Valeri: [kaRl�in�a val�eRi] DP ni. kilometer

(measure)karlinat (1): [kaRl�in�at�] DP v. to gallopkarlinat (2): [kaRl�in�at�] DP vtr. to gen. to gallop

besidekarlinqoyi: [kaRl�in�qOji] DP ni. to gallop fast

enough to kill a horse, if prolongedkartat: [kaRt�at�] DP vtr. to pull with both handskartolat: [kaRt�ol�at�] DP vtr. to pull with other me-

ans than with arms (can be used of inanimatesubjects)

kash: [kaS] DP conj., adv. while, when, until, du-ring, then

kashat: [kaSat�] DP v. to lastkashi: [kaSi] DP ni. timekathjilari: [kaT

>dZil�aRi] DP adv. rightfully, right

kathqoyi: [kaTqOji] DP ni. weighted netkazga: [kazga] DP adj. blackkelen: [kel�en�] DP adj. patterned, orderlykem: [kem] DP adj. conjoined, marriedkemak: [kemak] DP na. spousekemat: [kemat�] DP vtr. to conjoin, to marry (so-

meone to someone else) (the latter is precee-ded by the preposition ma)

kemik: [kemik] DP na. allykemis: [kemis] DP n. dried figkemisolat: [kemisol�at�] DP vtr. to ally with some-

one (Use with the preposition ma.)kemolat: [kemol�at�] DP v. to marry (someone)

precede that someone with the prepositionma

ken: [ken�] DP num. hundred

kenak: [ken�ak] DP num. hundredthkendra: [ken�d�Ra] DP ni. opalkerikh: [keRix] DP ni. stickkesselat: [kessel�at�] DP v. to carrykha: [xha] DP na. a personal bodyguardkhado: [xad�o] DP na. bodykhadokh: [xad�ox] DP ni. corpsekhal: [xal�] M na. Title used for the leader of a Dot-

hraki horde, kingkhalakka: [xal�akka] M na. prince, son of a khalkhalakki: [xal�akki] DP na. princess, daughter of

a khalkhalasar: [xal�asar] M na. a horde loyal to a single

khalkhaleesi: [xal�eesi] M na. queen, wife of a khalkhaleessiya: [xal�eessija] DP ni. handmaidkhaor: [xaor] DP ni. waistkhas: [xas] M na. short for khasarkhasar: [xasar] M na. small group of protectors,

bloodriders, generalskhefat: [xefat�] DP v. to sneezekher: [xer] DP ni. flesh, skin of an animalkherikh: [xeRix] DP ni. leatherkhewo: [xewo] DP ni. wormkhezhat: [xeZat�] DP v. to be sadkhiro: [xiRo] DP ni. flagkhizra: [xizRa] DP ni. marshkhogar: [xogar] DP ni. word for one’s apparel,

clotheskhogari: [xogaRi] DP ni. box, trunk, chest, caskkhogorat: [xogoRat�] DP v. to dresski (1): [ki] DP prep. to gen. by, because of, ofki (2): [ki] DP prep. thus, that (when precee-

ding quoted speech)kifindirgi: [kifin�d�iRgi] DP adv. whykifinosi: [kifin�osi] DP adv. howkijinosi: [ki

>dZin�osi] DP adv. thus, in this way

kim (1): [kim] DP na. ancestorkim (2): [kim] DP adj. originalkimikh: [kimix] DP ni. date (fruit of a date

palm)kimisir: [kimisir] DP na. ancestrykirekhdirgi: [kiRexd�iRgi] DP conj. why

12

kirekosi: [kiRekosi] DP conj. howkis: [kis] DP v.aux. to try tokisha: [kiSa] DP pn. wekishi: [kiSi] DP pn. ourko: [ko] M na. bodyguardkoala: [koal�a] DP ni-A. medicinekoalak: [koal�ak] DP na. healer (chiefly a male

healer)koalakeesi: [koal�akeesi] DP na. female healerkoalakhtihan: [koal�axt�ihan�] DP ni. eye healerkoalat: [koal�at�] DP vin. to be of helpkoge: [koge] DP ni. nick, blemish, imperfection,

flawkogmen: [kogmen�] DP adj. flawlesskohol: [kohol�] DP ni. bowkolat: [kol�at�] DP v. to cure, to healkolver: [kol�ver] DP na. eaglekolverikh: [kol�veRix] DP ni. a straight sword th-

rustkovarat: [kovaRat�] DP v. to standkrazaaj: [kRazaa

>dZ] DP ni. mountain

krista: [kRist�a] DP na. female relativekristasof: [kRist�asof] DP ni. grandmotherkrol: [kRol�] DP n. flea

L

lain: [l�ain�] DP adj. beautiful (used for inanima-te nouns)

lainat: [l�ain�at�] DP vin. to be beautiful (used forinanimate nouns)

lajak: [l�a>dZak] DP na. fighter, warrior

lajasar: [l�a>dZasar] DP na. army

lajat: [l�a>dZat�] DP v. to fight

lajilat: [l�a>dZil�at�] DP v. to spar, to train, to play, to

compete (introduce the game to play with ki)

lakkhat: [l�axxat�] DP v. to chewlame: [l�ame] DP ni. marelamekh: [l�amex] DP ni. mare’s milk (plain or

fermented)lamekh ohazho: [l�amex ohaZo] DP ni. fermen-

ted mare’s milklanat (1): [l�an�at�] DP v. to runlanat (2): [l�an�at�] DP v. to gen. to run besidelanlekhi: [l�an�l�exi] DP ni. eating spree for a speci-

al tastelanqoyi: [l�an�qOji] DP ni. killing spreelaqat: [l�aqAt�] DP v. to cry, to weeplaqikh: [l�aqex] DP n. tear, tearslashfak: [l�aSfak] DP ni. stewlavakh: [l�avax] DP adj. loudlavakhat: [l�avaxat�] DP v. to be loudlayafat: [l�ajafat�] DP vin. to be happylaz (1): [l�az] DP v.aux. could (assigns past ten-

se)laz (2): [l�az] DP v.aux. can (assigns present ten-

se)lei (1): [l�ei] DP na. ghost, adult whose body was

not burnedlei (2): [l�ei] DP adj. lost

leishak: [l�eiSak] DP na. orphanlekh (1): [l�ex] DP na. languagelekh (2): [l�ex] DP ni. tonguelekh dothraki: [lex d�oTRaki] DP np. Dothraki

(language)lekhaan: [l�exaan�] DP n. enough, sufficientlylekhi: [l�exi] DP ni. tastelekhilat: [l�exil�at�] DP v. to tastelekhmove: [l�exmove] DP ni. constructed langu-

agelenta: [l�en�t�a] DP n. neck, stemleqse: [l�eqse] DP ni ratleshitat: [l�eSit�at�] DP v. to breatheleshitof: [l�eSit�of] DP ni. time period of approxi-

mately 2 minuteslir: [l�ir] DP ni. tattoolirak: [l�iRak] DP na. tattoo artistlirat: [l�iRat�] DP vtr. to tattoolirikh: [l�iRix] DP ni. An image or symbol depicted

on a tattoolirisir: [l�iRisir] DP ni. tattoos (irregular plural)lirisirazo: [l�iRisiRazo] DP ni. bladed writingliwalat: [l�iwal�at�] DP v. to tielojat (1): [l�o

>dZat�] DP vtr. to hit, to run off

lojat (2): [l�o>dZat�] DP vtr. to all. to hit at

lommat: [l�ommat�] DP v. to batheloqam: [l�oqAm] DP n. arrowlorat: [l�oRat�] DP v. to winklorrat: [l�orat�] DP v. to blinkloshak: [l�oSak] DP na. guardloshat: [l�oSat�] DP v. to carry (in a cart, sack, child

in the womb), to containlost: [l�ost�] DP adj. disappointed

13

lostat: [l�ost�at�] DP v. to disappoint, to miss (failto see or recognize)

loy (1): [l�oj] DP ni. puddleloy (2): [l�oj] DP det. to gen. some, few, any, a bit

of

M

m’ (1): [m] DP prep. elided version of mam’ (2): [m] DP prefix elided version of me- a

complementizer used to introduce subordi-nate clauses

m’ach: [ma>tS] DP intj. hi (a shortened version

of m’athchomaroon)m’ath: [maT] DP intj. hi (a shortened version of

m’athchomaroon)m’athchomaroon: [maT

>tSomaRoon] DP phrase

with respect (said in greeting)ma (1): [ma] DP conj. andma (2): [ma] DP prep. to abl. withmadat: [mad�at�] DP v. to sewmae: [mae] DP pn. him, her, it, his, her/hers, its

(both third person and possessive forms)maegi: [maegi] M ni. sorceress, witchmafo: [mafo] DP na. young goat, kidmahrazh: [mahRaZ] DP na. man, short form of

mahrazhkem for ’husband’mahrazhkem: [mahRaZkem] DP ni. husbandmai: [mai] DP na. mothermajin: [ma

>dZin�] DP conj. and then, then, so, and

so, consequentlymalilat: [mal�il�at�] DP v. to be finishedmanimven: [man�imven�] DP adj. anxiousmanin: [man�in�] DP ni. young male horsemarilat: [maRil�at�] DP v. to constructmarriya: [marija] DP ni-A. toolmas: [mas] DP n. valuablemattek: [mat�t�ek] DP na. limper (insult)mattelat: [mat�t�el�at�] DP v. to limpmawizzi: [mawizzi] DP ni. rabbitme: [me] DP pn. he, she, itme orzo!: [me oRzo] DP phrase it’s a trap!mehas: [mehas] DP pn. pronominal version of

preposition hamek: [mek] DP num. fivemekak: [mekak] DP na. fifth (ordinal, use geni-

tive form if modifying a noun.)mekis: [mehis] DP pn. pronominal version of

preposition kimekken: [mekken�] DP num. five hundredmekthi: [mekTi] DP num. fifteen

mel: [mel�] DP adj. bad, evilmelat: [mel�at�] DP vin. to be evilmelikh: [mel�ix] DP ni. occurrencemelikheya: [mel�ixeja] DP ni. the patient’s half of

the act (grammatical, not medical meaning)cf. tikkheya

mem: [mem] DP n. soundmemas: [memas] DP pn. pronominal version

of preposition mamemras: [memRas] DP pn. pronominal version

of preposition mramemziri: [memziRi] DP ni. bird call, tweetmenat (1): [men�at�] DP vin. to be emptymenat (2): [men�at�] DP vtr. to abl. to be empty (of

something)mesat: [mesat�] DP vin. to be swollenmeshat: [meSat�] DP vin. to be newmeshes: [meSes] DP pn. pronominal version of

preposition shemesilat: [mesil�at�] DP vin. to be pregnantmesina: [mesin�a] DP ni., B soupmeso: [meso] DP n. musclemesolat: [mesol�at�] DP v. to swellmesshih: [meSSih] DP ni. perlino horsemesshihven: [meSSihven�] DP adj. pale skinnedmetorgas: [met�oRgas] DP pn. pronominal ver-

sion of preposition torgamevis: [mevis] DP pn. pronominal version of

preposition vimezahe: [mezahe] DP adj. sexymezahhe: [mezahhe] DP adj. ’hot’, really sexymezhah: [mezhah] DP n. whoremhar: [mhar] M adj. soremhari: [mhaRi] DP ni. headachemihe: [mihe] DP ni.-B thornmihesof: [mihesof] DP ni. daggermirges: [miRges] DP pn. pronominal version of

preposition irgemithrat: [miTRat�] DP v. to restmithri: [miTRi] DP n. restmolethas: [mol�eTas] DP prep. pronominal ver-

sion of preposition olethmori: [moRi] DP pn. they

14

moska: [moska] DP n. sack, packmoskat: [moskat�] DP v. to load, to packmovek: [movek] DP na. warlock, magicianmovekkhat: [movexxat�] DP vtr. to be intended

for, to be formovelat: [movel�at�] DP v. to make by hand, to cre-

atemr’: [mR] DP prep. elided version of mramra (1): [mRa] DP prep. to nom. withinmra (2): [mRa] DP prep. to all. intomra (3): [mRa] DP prep. to abl. out ofmredi: [mRed�i] DP n. garlic

N

najah: [n�a>dZah] DP adj. victorious

najahak: [n�a>dZahak] DP na. winner

najahat: [n�a>dZahat�] DP vin. to be victorious

najaheya: [n�a>dZaheja] DP ni. victory (in battle)

nakhaan: [n�axaan�] DP adv. completely, totally,fully (lit. to stopping)

nakhat: [n�axat�] DP v. to stopnakho: [n�axo] DP ni. end, stopnakhok: [naxok] DP adj. the last (functions like

an ordinal number)nakholat: [n�axol�at�] DP vin. to endnaqis: [n�aqes] DP adj. smallnaqisat: [n�aqesat�] DP vin. to be smallnavat: [n�avat�] DP v. to urinatenavik: [n�avik] DP na. beginnernavilat: [n�avil�at�] DP v. to take a little peenavvirzethay: [n�avviRzeTaj] DP adj. ashamednayat: [n�ajat�] DP ni. girlneak: [n�eak] DP adj. longnegwin: [n�egwin�] DP adj. stonenem: [n�em] DP v.aux. passive particlenemo: [n�emo] DP v.aux. reflexive particlenerro: [n�ero] DP ni. foalnesat: [n�esat�] DP v. to know (information)nesikh: [n�esix] DP ni. informationnesolat: [n�esol�at�] DP v. to learnnevak: [n�evak] DP na. guestnevakh: [n�evax] DP ni. sitting-spotnevalat: [n�eval�at�] DP v. to sitnevasolat: [n�evasol�at�] DP v. to sit downnhare: [n�haRe] DP na. head (of a human)

nhizo: [n�hizo] DP na. ravennhomi: [nhomi] DP na. female dognindi: [n�in�d�i] DP ni. sausageninthqoyi: [n�in�TqOji] DP ni. blood sausageniqe: [n�iqE] DP adj. rigidniqikkheya: [n�iqexxeja] DP ni. orgasmnirat (1): [n�iRat�] DP vin. to be fullnirat (2): [n�iRat�] DP vtr. to abl. to be full of (so-

mething)nirrat: [n�irat�] DP vtr. to fillnith: [n�iT] DP adj. painfulnithat (1): [n�iTat�] DP vin. to feel painnithat (2): [n�iTat�] DP vtr. to abl. to feel pain from

a specific sourcenithilat: [n�iTil�at�] DP vin. to feel encouraged, to

feel invigoratednithmen: [n�iTmen�] DP adj. painlessnivat: [n�ivat�] DP v. to frownniyanqoy: [n�ijanqOj] DP adv. togethernizhat: [n�iZat�] DP vin. to be toughnoah: [n�oah] DP na. bullnofilat: [n�ofil�at�] DP v. to wipenokittat: [nokit�t�at�] DP v. to tramplenoreth: [n�oReT] DP ni. hairnorethaan: [n�oReTaan�] DP adv. completelynotat: [n�ot�at�] DP v. to turnnozho: [n�oZo] DP ni. chestnut horsenozhoven: [n�oZoven�] DP adj. brown, brown

skinnednris: [n�Ris] DP adj. straightnroj: [n�Ro

>dZ] DP adj. thick, complex

nrojat: [n�Ro>dZat�] DP vin. to be thick, complex

O

oakah: [oakah] DP ni. a person’s worth or ability,mettle, ’soul’

ocha: [o>tSa] DP ni. dun horse

ochaven: [o>tSaven�] DP adj. light skinned

odaya: [od�aja] DP n. breast

oeta: [oet�a] DP ni. yamogat: [ogat�] DP vtr., B to slaughter an animal, to

kill brutallyoggo: [oggo] DP na. head (of an animal)ohara: [ohaRa] DP ni. daughter

15

oharat: [ohaRat�] DP v. to fallohazh: [ohaZ] DP adj. heavyohazhat: [ohaZat�] DP vin. to be heavyohazho: [ohaZo] DP adj. fermentedohazholat: [ohaZol�at�] DP v. to become heavy, to

fermentohharat: [ohhaRat�] DP vtr. to make something

fall, to tear downoholat: [ohol�at�] DP vin. to be stilloiro: [oiRo] DP adj. fatojil: [o

>dZil�] DP adj. wrong, incorrect

ojilat: [o>dZil�at�] DP v. to be wrong, to be incorrect

okeo: [okeo] DP na. friend, trusteeokhat: [oxat�] DP v. to ringokkat: [okkat�] DP vtr. to chooseokre: [okRe] DP n. tentokrenegwin: [okRen�egwin�] DP ni. stone houseoldat: [ol�d�at�] DP v. to ruboleth: [ol�eT] DP prep. to gen. over, aboveolta: [ol�t�a] DP ni. hilloma: [oma] DP prep. to abl. withoutondelat: [on�d�el�at�] DP vtr. to wearonqotha: [on�qOTa] DP ni. a distance of approxi-

mately 1/8 mileonqothat: [on�qOTat�] DP v. to walkoqet: [oqEt�] DP ni. sheep (singular)oqo: [oqO] DP ni. beat, rythmic noise

oqolat: [oqOl�at�] DP v. to beat, to sound rythmi-cally

oqooqo: [oqOoqO] DP ni. heartbeatori: [oRi] DP num. eightorik: [oRik] DP na. eighth (ordinal, use genitive

form if modifying a noun.)oriken: [oRiken�] DP num. eight hundredoritthi: [oRit�Ti] DP num. eighteenorvik: [oRvik] DP n. whiporzi: [oRzi] DP ni. shoeorzo: [oRzo] DP ni. trapos: [os] DP ni. path, roadosfir: [osfir] DP ni. round road, ’roundabout’oshat: [oSat�] DP v. to suckoskikh: [oskix] DP adv. yesterdayosoleth: [osol�eT] DP ni. bridgeostat: [ost�at�] DP vtr. to biteosto: [ost�o] DP n. biteovah: [ovah] DP adj. wide, fatovethat: [oveTat�] DP v. to flyovrakh: [ovRax] DP ni. opening, opportunity,

vulnerabilityovray: [ovRaj] DP adj. loose, moveable, portableovvethat: [ovveTat�] DP vtr. to throw, to shoot

(with bow)ovvethikh: [ovveTix] DP ni. goal, destinationozzir: [ozzir] DP n. rubyozzirven: [ozziRven�] DP adj. firey, flashing

Q

qacha: [qA>tSa] DP n. firefly

qaf: [qAf] DP ni. questionqafat: [qAfat�] DP vtr. to askqahlan: [qAhl�an�] DP ni. palimino horseqahlanven: [qAhl�an�ven�] DP adj. light brown

skinnedqamay: [qAmaj] DP adj. wailingqana: [qAn�a] DP n. black stork, stork (of any

kind)qayelat: [qAjel�at�] DP v. to floatqazat: [qAzat�] DP num. nineqazatak: [qAzat�ak] DP na. ninth (ordinal, use

genitive form if modifying a noun.)qazathi: [qAzaTi] DP num. nineteenqazatken: [qAzat�ken�] DP num. nine hundredqazer: [qAzer] DP ni. appleqemmemmo: [qEmmemmo] DP adj. mysteri-

ons, strange

qemmo: [qEmmo] DP na. coverqemmolat: [qEmmol�at�] DP v. to coverqemmosor: [qEmmosor] DP na. clothesqemmotihan: [qEmmot�ihan�] DP ni. eyelidqeshah: [qESah] DP ni. sandqeso: [qEso] DP ni-A. basketqevir: [qEvir] DP n. forestqiaseh: [qeaseh] DP na. deer (archaic)qifo: [qefo] DP ni. boar, pig, porkqile: [qel�e] DP n. islandqisi (1): [qesi] DP prep. to nom. about, concer-

ningqisi (2): [qesi] DP adv. near, nearby, close; soonqiya: [qeja] M adj. bleedingqiyalat: [qejal�at�] DP vin. to bleedqora: [qORa] DP na. hand, armqoralat: [qORal�at�] DP vtr. to seize, to holdqorasokh: [qORasox] DP ni. prize, spoils

16

qorasolat: [qORasol�at�] DP vtr. to rape, to takeqorraya: [qOraja] DP ni forearm, ’foot’ (measu-

re)qosar: [qOsar] DP n. spiderqosarven: [qOsaRven�] DP adj. deceptiveqosarvenikh: [qOsaRven�ix] DP ni. lie, trap, de-

ceptionqoth: [qOT] DP adj. repetitive

qothat: [qOTat�] vin. to be loyal, to be repetitiveqov: [qOv] DP adj. tremblingqovat: [qOvat�] DP vin. to trembleqovvolat: [qOvvol�at�] DP v. to shedqoy: [qOj] DP ni. bloodqoy qoyi: [qOj qOji] DP phrase blood of my bloodqwehat: [qwehat�] DP v. to vomit

R

rachel: [ra>tSel�] DP na. tiger

raggat: [raggat�] DP vin. to choke (on something)rahsan: [rahsan�] DP adj. brightrai: [rai] DP intj. a yell of encouragement, a cheer,

’hurrah’rakh: [rax] M n. boy, lamb (male)rakhi: [raxi] DP n. boy (insult)ramasar: [ramasar] DP na. land, country,

plain(s)ray (1): [raj] DP adv. alreadyray (2): [raj] DP v.aux. to have (perfect tense in-

troduction)rayan: [rajan�] DP ni. summit, top, plateaurea: [rea] DP na. organ (internal body part)reaven: [reaven�] DP adj. purpleredda: [red�d�a] DP adj. thin, sleekreddi: [red�d�i] DP adj. skinny (perjorative)rek (1): [rek] DP dem. adj. that (when speaking

of an object not present or indirectly indica-ted)

rek (2): [rek] DP pn. that (when speaking of ananimate object not present or indirectly in-dicated)

rekak: [rekak] DP dem. pn. that (when spea-king of person(s) not present or indirectlyindicated)

reki: [reki] DP pn. that (when speaking of aninanimate object not present or indirectlyindicated)

rekkaan: [rekkaan�] DP conj. to whererekke (1): [rekke] DP loc. adv. there, that placerekke (2): [rekke] DP conj. whererekkoon: [rekkoon�] DP conj. from whereremek: [remek] DP adj. asleep

remekat: [remekat�] DP v. to sleeprenrenoh: [ren�Ren�oh] DP adj. hollowreri!: [reRi] DP intj. stay! (short for vikoveras,

for commanding animals)rhae: [Rhae] M n. foot, legrhae mhar: [Rhae mhar] M n. sore-footrhaek: [Rhaek] DP na. athlete, studrhaesh: [RhaeS] M na. land, countryrhaesheser: [RhaeSeser] DP na. worldrhaesof: [Rhaesof] DP ni. stride, ’yard’ (measu-

re)rhaesof Valiri: [Rhaesof val�iRi] DP ni. ’meter’

(measure)rhaggat: [Rhaggat�] M ni. cartrhaggat eveth: [Rhaggat� eveT] DP n. shiprhanat: [Rhan�at�] DP v. to be mercifulrhelalat: [Rhel�al�at�] DP vtr. to helprhellaya: [Rhel�l�aja] DP ni. helprhiko: [Rhiko] DP ni. stirruprhoa: [Rhoa] DP n. animal, beastrhojosor: [Rho

>dZosor] DP na. family

rich: [ri>tS] DP ni. bubble, swelling

rigwa: [rigwa] DP n. raisinrikh: [rix] DP adj. rottenrikholat: [rixol�at�] DP vin. to rotrissat (1): [rissat�] DP vtr. to cut (slice)rissat (2): [rissat�] DP vtr. to abl. to cut intoriv: [riv] DP n. nose, tiprivvat: [rivvat�] DP vtr.-B to smell, to sniffrivve: [rivve] DP ni. sniffrizh: [riZ] DP na. sonrochat: [ro

>tSat�] DP v. to scrape

rof: [rof] DP adj. shriveledrokhat: [roxat�] DP v. to fear

17

S

’sh: [S] DP v.aux. elided version of ishsaccheya: [sac

>tSeja] DP ni. category, part, piece

sachat: [sa>tSat�] DP v. to split, to divide

sachi: [sa>tSi] DP ni. half

sajak: [sa>dZak] DP na. rider

sajat: [sa>dZat�] DP vtr. to mount

sajo: [sa>dZo] DP na. steed, one’s own horse

samva: [samva] DP adj. brokensamven: [samven�] DP adj. numeroussamvenolat: [samven�ol�at�] DP vtr. to surpasssamvolat: [samvol�at�] DP vin. to break (when

something is breakable)san (1): [san�] DP ni. heap, pilesan (2): [san�] DP det. to gen. much, manysan (3): [san�] DP adv. much, manysandi: [san�d�i] DP adj. safesanekhi: [san�exi] DP adv. a lot, many timessanneyalat: [san�n�ejal�at�] DP v. to countsaqoyalat: [saqOjal�at�] DP vin. to be bloodysathoma: [saToma] DP adj. juicysathomakh: [saTomax] DP ni. orangesave: [save] DP adv. again, backsavidosalat: [savid�osal�at�] DP v. to be protectedsek: [sek] DP intj. yessekke: [sekke] DP adv. too (much), too much; so,

really, verysekosshi: [sekoSSi] DP adv. surely, certainlysen: [sen�] DP num. threesenak: [sen�ak] DP na. third (ordinal, use geni-

tive form if modifying a noun.)senken: [sen�ken�] DP num. three hundredsenthi: [sen�Ti] DP num. thirteenseris: [seRis] DP adj. freeserja: [seR

>dZa] DP ni. vest

sewaf: [sewaf] DP n. grapesewafikh: [sewafix] DP ni. wineshafka: [Safka] DP pn. you (respectful)sharat: [SaRat�] DP vin. to be healthyshe (1): [Se] DP prep. to nom. on, upon, inshe (2): [Se] DP prep. to abl. off ofshe (3): [Se] DP prep. to all. ontoshekh: [Sex] DP ni. sunshekh drivo: [Sex d�Rivo] DP ni. setting sunshekhikh: [Sexix] DP ni. lightshekhikhi: [Sexixi] DP n. little light (A term of

endearment for a child)shekhqoyi: [SexqOji] DP ni. total solar eclipse

shierak: [SieRak] M na. starshierak qiya : [SieRak qeja ] M n. cometshigat: [Sigat�] DP vin. to snoreshigi: [Sigi] DP ni. snoreshilak: [Sil�ak] DP na. gossip. busybodyshilat: [Sil�at�] DP vtr. to know (a person), to be fa-

miliar withshillat: [Sil�l�at�] DP vtr. to trustshillolat: [Sil�l�ol�at�] DP vtr. to believeshilolat: [Sil�ol�at�] DP vtr. to meet, to get to knowshim: [Sim] DP adj. tameshin: [Sin�] DP n. sound of fire going outshinat: [Sin�at�] DP v. to burn out, fizzle outshiqeth: [SiqET] DP adj. grayshiqethi: [SiqETi] DP ni. ironshirane: [SiRan�e] DP ni. beardshiro: [SiRo] DP na. scorpionsho: [So] DP na. spotshokat: [Sokat�] DP v. to jump oversholat: [Sol�at�] DP v. to markshor: [Sor] DP na. dress, garment worn primarily

by womenshor tawakof: [Sor t�awakof] DP na. armor (lit.

steel dress)shoven: [Soven�] DP adj. marked, smudgedsiera: [sieRa] DP na. nephewsikhtelat: [sixt�el�at�] DP vtr. to spitsilak: [sil�ak] DP na. follower, subjectsilat: [sil�at�] DP v. to flash, to gleamsille: [sil�l�e] DP adv. nextsilokh: [sil�ox] DP adv. tomorrowsimon: [simon�] DP na. male relativesimonof: [simon�of] DP na. grandfathersindarine: [sin�d�aRin�e] DP adv. leftsindarinekh: [sin�d�aRin�ex] DP ni. left sidesisi: [sisi] DP na. lightningsom (1): [som] DP num. zerosom (2): [som] DP adj. absent, missingsondra: [son�d�Ra] DP ni-B. dragon glass (obsidi-

an)soqat: [soqAt�] DP v. to weavesoqwi: [soqwi] DP ni. plumsoqwof: [soqwof] DP ni. plum treesorf: [soRf] DP adj. dirtysorfo: [soRfo] DP ni. dirtsorfosor: [soRfosor] DP na. earth (world)soroh: [soRoh] DP intj. halt! (horse command)

18

sorohis: [soRohis] DP intj. halt! (command for aperson)

sovi: [sovi] DP n. pear

sovikh: [sovix] DP ni. pear brandy

T

’th: [T] DP v.aux. elided version of ethtaoka: [t�aoka] DP adj. metaltaso: [t�aso] DP n. silkwormtasokh: [t�asox] DP ni. silktat: [t�at�] DP vtr. to dotavat: [t�avat�] DP v. choptawak: [t�awak] DP ni. metal, real, authentic, le-

gitimatetehin: [t�ehin�] DP n. breed of horse with reddish or

brown coattemme: [t�emme] DP na. thunderthagwa: [Tagwa] DP ni. yogurtthagwash: [TagwaS] DP ni. a dessert made from

thagwa and eaten with dried fruitthash: [TaS] DP adj. softthelis: [Tel�is] DP adj. bluetheya: [Teja] DP n. nipple (on a teat)theyaven: [Tejaven�] DP adj. pinkthi: [Ti] DP num. tenthif: [Tif] DP adj. narrowthik: [Tik] DP na. tenth (ordinal, use genitive

form if modifying a noun.)thikh: [Tix] DP ni-A taskthimalat: [Timal�at�] DP v. to leakthir: [Tir] DP adj. alivethirat: [TiRat�] DP v. to livethirat atthiraride: [TiRat� aTTiRaRid�e] DP v. to

dream (lit. to live a wooden life)thirolat: [TiRol�at�] DP v. to survivethom: [Tom] DP ni. juice

tif: [tif] DP n. nut (woody seed)tih: [t�ih] DP na. eyetihat: [t�ihat�] DP vtr. to look, to seetihikh: [t�ihix] DP ni. viewtihikhziri: [t�ihixziRi] DP ni. overviewtihilat: [t�ihil�at�] DP v. to look at, to glance attiholat: [t�ihol�at�] DP v. to understandtikh: [t�ix] DP ni. deed, acttikkheya: [t�ixxeja] DP ni. verb, the instigator’s

half of the act (Grammatical sense) cf. melik-heya

tim: [t�im] DP ni. boottimvir: [t�imvir] DP n. book (from High Valyrian

tembyr)tir: [t�ir] DP ni. fingertirat: [t�iRat�] DP v. to pointtirikh: [t�iRix] DP ni. nailtith: [t�iT] DP adj. easterntitha: [t�iTa] DP ni. easttoki: [t�oki] DP adj. dumbtokik: [t�okik] DP na. fooltolorro: [t�ol�oro] M ni. bonetor: [t�or] DP num. fourtorak: [t�oRak] DP na. fourth (ordinal, use geni-

tive form if modifying a noun.)torga (1): [t�oRga] DP ni. stomachtorga (2): [t�oRga] DP prep. to gen. undertorken: [t�oRken�] DP num. four hundredtorthi: [t�oRTi] DP num. fourteentozara: [t�ozaRa] DP na. lake

V

vadakherat: [vad�axeRat�] DP v. to feedvado: [vad�o] DP ni. turnip, fillyvaes: [vaes] M ni. cityvaesilat: [vaesil�at�] DP v. to clogvafi: [vafi] DP ni. lamb (female)vafik: [vafik] DP na. lamb girlvafikh: [vafix] DP ni. woolvalsh: [val�S] DP adj. northernvalshe: [val�Se] DP ni. northvalshek: [val�Sek] DP na. northerner

valshtithak: [val�St�iTak] DP na. northeasternervash: [vaS] DP n. stampedevash hrazefmen: [vaS hRazefmen�] DP n. eart-

hquakevasterat: [vast�eRat�] DP vtr. to speak with, to con-

versevatterat: [vat�t�eRat�] DP v. to continuevaz: [vaz] DP n. stormvazyol: [vazjol�] DP ni. stormbornvefenarat: [vefen�aRat�] DP v. to pry something off

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of something elsevekhat: [vexat�] DP vin. to be present, to exist (as-

signs the subject to the genitive)vekhikh (1): [vexix] DP ni. object, thingvekhikh (2): [vexix] DP na. nounvekhikh asavva: [vexix asavva] DP n. animate

nounvekhikh hranna: [vexix hRan�n�a] DP n. inani-

mate nounvelainerat: [vel�ain�eRat�] DP v. to sowveltor: [vel�t�or] DP adj. yellowvelzerat: [vel�zeRat�] DP v. to stall, to procrastinatevelzerikh: [vel�zeRix] DP ni. reason whyvem: [vem] DP n. knee, elbowvemish: [vemiS] DP ni. heel of the hand or footvemishikh: [vemiSix] DP ni. heel of a bootven: [ven�] DP conj. like, asvenat: [ven�at�] DP vtr. to be like, to be similar toveneser: [ven�eser] DP na. class, categoryvenikh: [ven�ix] DP ni. semblancever: [ver] DP n. wolfverak: [veRak] DP na. travelerverakasar: [veRakasar] DP na. cavernverat: [veRat�] DP v. to travelverikh: [veRix] DP ni. a defensive strike (with a

sword)verven: [veRven�] DP adj. violentvezh: [veZ] DP na. stallionvezhak: [veZak] DP na. horse lordvezhven: [veZven�] DP adj. greatvi: [vi] DP prep. to all. through, alongvichiterat: [vi

>tSit�eRat] DP vin. to shiver

vichomer: [vi>tSomer] DP adj. respectful, re-

spectablevichomerak: [vi

>tSomeRak] DP na. respectful one

vichomerat: [vi>tSomeRat�] DP vin. to be respect-

fulvidrogerat: [vid�RogeRat�] DP v. to ridevigererat: [vigeReRat�] DP vtr. to abl. to miss so-

meonevijazerat: [vi

>dZazeRat�] DP vtr. to protect

vijazerolat: [vi>dZazeRol�at�] DP vtr. to save, to re-

scuevik: [vik] DP ni. chinvikeesi: [vikeesi] DP n. slang for an annoying

womanvikovarerat: [vikovaReRat�] DP v. to stayvil: [vil�] DP v.aux. to manage tovilajero: [vil�a

>dZeRo] DP ni. battle

vilajerosh: [vil�a>dZeRoS] DP ni. game

villat: [vil�l�at�] DP vin. to be wiseville: [vil�l�e] DP adj. wisevimatterat: [vimat�t�eRat�] DP v. to limpvimithrerat: [vimiTReRat�] DP v. to rest, to campvindelat (1): [vin�d�el�at�] DP vtr. to stabvindelat (2): [vin�d�el�at�] DP vtr. to all. to stab atvineserat: [vin�eseRat�] DP vtr. to remembervinte: [vin�t�e] DP ni. portion of meatviqaferat: [viqAfeRat�] DP v. to beg, to pleadvirsalat: [viRsal�at�] DP vin. to burnvirzeth: [viRzeT] DP adj. redvirzetha: [viRzeTa] DP ni. red winevish: [viS] DP n. foreheadvishaferat: [viSafeRat�] DP vtr. to break a horse, to

domesticate a beast of burden, to get ones’ firstkill with a new weapon

vishiya: [viSSiya] DP ni. colorvithalat: [viTal�at�] DP v. to flowvitiherat: [vit�iheRat�] DP v. to look upon, to stare

at, to examine, to pondervitihirak: [vit�ihiRak] DP na. watch, guardvitihirat: [vit�ihiRat�] DP v. to watch, to observevitisherat: [vit�iSeRat�] DP vin. to growvitteya: [vit�t�eja] DP ni. feast, gathering with a

feastvitteyqoyi: [vit�t�ejqOji] DP ni. feast dayvizhadi: [viZad�i] DP ni. silvervo: [vo] adv. not, no; a shortened variant of

vos, that may be used when the next wordstarts with a consonant.

vod: [vod�] DP ni. dustvoj: [vo

>dZ] DP na. person

vojjor: [vod>dZor] DP ni. deity, god

vorsa: [voRsa] DP na. firevorsakh: [voRsax] DP ni. flamevorsaska: [voRsaska] DP ni. summervorsqoyi: [voRsqOji] DP ni. funeral pyrevorto: [voRt�o] DP ni. toothvos: [vos] DP adv. not, no (negator)vosan: [vosan�] DP adv. not much, not a lotvosecchi: [voset

>tSi] DP adv. emphatic negative,

of course notvosi: [vosi] DP ni. nothingvosm: [vosm] DP conj. elided version of vosmavosma: [vosma] DP conj. butvov: [vov] DP na. weaponvrelat: [vRel�at�] DP v. to leapvroz: [vRoz] DP adj. slow

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Y

yachi norethmen: [ja>tSi n�oReTmen�] DP np.

nectarineyalli: [jal�l�i] DP na. childyamori: [jamoRi] DP na. youthyanqokh: [jan�qOx] DP ni. collectionyanqolat (1): [jan�qOl�at�] DP vtr. to collect, to gat-

heryanqolat (2): [jan�qOl�at�] DP vtr. to abl. to gather

(some of something)yarat: [jaRat�] DP v. to flinchyath: [jaT] DP adj. up, upward, upwards, highyathokh: [jaTox] DP ni. rampyatholat: [jaTol�at�] DP v. to riseyeni: [jen�i] DP ni. failureyer: [jeR] DP pn. you

yeri: [jeRi] DP pn. you (plural), your (singular)yetto: [jet�t�o] DP ni. frogyofi: [jofi] DP adj. mad, crazyyol: [jol�] DP adj. bornyolat: [jol�at�] DP vin. to be bornyom: [jom] DP ni. crossingyomat: [jomat�] DP vtr. to crossyomme (1): [jomme] DP prep. to nom. acrossyomme (2): [jomme] DP prep. to abl. in spite ofyor: [jor] DP num. millionyorosor: [joRosor] DP num. an extremely large

numberyot: [jot�] DP ni. fruityothnhare: [joTn�haRe] DP ni. brain (human)

Z

zafra: [zafRa] DP ni. slavezajjat: [zad

>dZat�] DP vtr. to refuse to

zalat: [zal�at�] DP vtr. to hope for, to wantzan: [zan�] DP adj. stable, steadfastzande: [zan�d�e] DP n. satchel, sackzanisshi: [zan�iSSi] DP ni. shadezasqa: [zasqA] DP adj. whitezerqolat: [zeRqOl�at�] DP v. to swimzhalia: [Zal�ia] DP ni. butterflyzhani: [Zan�i] DP ni. spearzhaqe: [ZaqE] DP n. bass fishzhav: [Zav] DP n. lizardzhavorsa: [ZavoRsa] DP ni. dragonzhavvorsa: [ZavvoRsa] DP ni. dragon (alternate

pronunciation of zhavorsa)zheana: [Zean�a] DP adj. beautiful (for animate

nouns)zheanalat: [Zean�al�at�] vin. to be beautiful (used

for animate nouns)zhey: [Zej] DP part. vocative markerzhif: [Zif] DP ni. saltzhifikh: [Zifix] DP ni. dried salted meatzhifven: [Zifven�] DP adj. saltyzhikhat: [Zixat�] DP v. to be sickzhilat: [Zil�at�] DP vtr. to love someonezhille: [Zil�l�e] DP det. anyzhilli: [Zil�l�i] DP adj. generalzhillie: [Zil�l�ie] DP ni. advicezhinda: [Zin�d�a] DP num. six

zhindak: [Zin�d�ak] DP na. sixth (ordinal, use ge-nitive form if modifying a noun.)

zhindaken: [Zin�d�aken�] DP num. six hundredzhinthi: [Zin�Ti] DP num. sixteenzhokakkwa: [Zokakkwa] DP adj. enormouszhokwa: [Zokwa] DP adj. bigzhokwalat: [Zokwal�at�] DP vin. to be largezhor (1): [Zor] DP na. heartzhor (2): [Zor] DP n. pit of a fruit, meat of a nutzhorre: [Zore] DP adj. ownzhorrof: [Zorof] DP ni. fig (fresh fruit of a fig

tree)zhowak: [Zowak] DP adj. dangerouszichome: [zi

>tSome] DP adj. disrespectful

zifichelat: [zifi>tSel�at�] DP v. to steal

ziganelat: [zigan�el�at�] DP v. to burdenziganesolat: [zigan�esol�at�] DP vtr. to defy, to op-

posezigere: [zigeRe] DP adj. required, requisitezigerelat: [zigeRel�at�] DP vtr. to abl. to require, to

needzimemelat: [zimemel�at�] DP vtr. to distractzin: [zin�] DP v.aux. still (particle for continua-

tion)zinay: [zin�aj] DP adj. remainingziqwehelat: [ziqwEhel�at�] DP v. to retchzir: [zir] DP n. birdzireyeselat: [ziRejesel�at�] DP vtr. to offend, to

bug, to jostle

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zirisselat: [ziRissel�at�] DP vtr. to cut off, to removeziroqoselat: [ziRoqOsel�at�] DP v. to achezirqoyi: [ziRqOji] DP ni. bird of prey, raptorzisat: [zisat�] DP v. to be hurtziso: [ziso] DP ni. woundzisosh: [zisoS] DP ni. scratchziyenelat: [zijen�el�at�] DP v. to fail someonezoh: [zoh] DP adj. low

zohhe: [zohhe] DP adv. down, downward, down-wards

zolat: [zol�at�] DP vin. to be exceptionally smallzolle: [zol�l�e] DP adv. a little bit, a bit, a small

amount, somezoqwa: [zoqwa] DP n. kisszoqwat: [zoqwat�] DP v. to kisszorat: [zoRat�] DP v. to roar

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A Dothraki Numbers

These are the Dothraki numbers. This is a work in progress! Expect more notes as I learn howto better format this section.

Common numbers0 teens 10 100 1000 10,000 100,000 million

0 som thi (10)1 at atthi thi ken dalen yor2 akat akatthi chakat akatken akat dalen3 sen senthi chisen senken sen dalen4 tor torthi chitor torken tor dalen5 mek mekthi chimek mekken mek dalen6 zhinda zhinthi chizhinda zhindaken zhinda dalen7 fekh fekhthi chifekh fekhken fekh dalen8 ori oritthi chori oriken ori dalen9 qazat qazatthi chiqazat qazatken qazat dalen

Numbers above 20 are composed of (at least) two words, using the connector ma. Ma cancontract for the last ’digit’ of the number. For example, 21 is chakat ma at, or chakat m’at and2,431 is akat dalen ma torken ma chisen ma at, or akat dalen ma torken ma chisen m’at.

Ordinal number end with the suffix -ak, and are considered animate nouns. mekak, for in-stance, should be thought of as ’the fifth one’. However, if the ordinal is modifying a noun, usethe genitive form of the number instead. For instance, hrazef mekaki, ’the fifth horse’.

Much more information about numbers can be found at David Peterson’s blog entry onnumbers.

B Proper Nouns

These are Dothraki proper nouns.

Dosh Khaleen: [d�oS xal�een�] M prop.n. Councilof crones, group of widowed khaleesi

Dothraki: [d�oTRaki] M prop.n. men who ride, theDothraki people

Dovoeddi: [d�ovoed�d�i] DP n. Unsullied (FromAstapori Valyrian Dovoghedhy)

Emrakh Hrazef: [emRax hRazef] DP prop.n.Horse Gate

Haesh Rakhi: [haeS raxi] M prop.n. Lamb Men,Lhazareen Lit. ’spawn of lambs’

Halahisir: [hal�ahisir] DP prop.n. The ArborHavazh Dothraki: [havaZ d�oTRaki] DP prop.n.

Dothraki SeaHavazzhifi Kazga: [havaZZifi kazga] DP

prop.n. Black Salt SeaHoyali Jeshi ma Vorsasi: [hojal�i

>dZeSi ma voR-

sasi] DP prop.n. A Song of Ice and Fire

Jeser Jim: [>dZeser

>dZim] DP prop.n. Western

MarketJeser Tith: [

>dZeser t�iT] DP prop.n. Eastern Mar-

ketRhaesh Andahli: [RhaeS an�d�ahl�i] M prop.n.

Land of the Andals, WesterosRhaeshi Ajjalani: [RhaeSi ad

>dZal�an�i] DP

prop.n. Night LandsSenthisir: [senTisir] DP prop.n. The ThirteenVaes Dothrak: [vaes d�oTRak] M prop.n. Lit. Ci-

ty of the DothrakiVaes Seris: [vaes seRis] M,DP prop.n. Free CitiesVaes Tolorro: [vaes t�ol�oro] M prop.n. City of

BonesVezhof: [veZof] DP prop.n. Great Stallion (Hor-

se deity)Vilajerosh Adori: [vil�a

>dZeRoS ad�oRi] DP

prop.n. Game of Thrones

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The Changelog

• 3.065 Added chir ’almost, nearly’, frakholat ’to feel’. Edited adakhilat, qazer.

• 3.066 Added lirak ’tattoo artist’, lirat ’to tattoo’, lirikh ’an image or symbol depicted on atattoo’, lirisir ’tattoos’, tif ’nut (woody seed), zhor (2) ’pit of a fruit, meat of a nut’. Editedlir, zhor.

• 3.067 Added athostar, ’fury’, chosh ’fresh’. Edited shilat.

• 3.068 Added atholat ’to dry’, hethkat ’tight; ready, prepared’, hethke ’tight; ready, prepa-red’, marriya ’tool’. Edited memziri. Added some details about type A and B words.

• 3.069 Added havziven ’lazy’, shokat ’to jump over’, thikh ’task’. Edited marriya

• 3.070 Added addrekat ’to cause to spill, to spill’, athdrivarido ’nightmare’, athdrivar she-ki ’sunset’, atthirarido ’dream’, drekat ’to spill (non-volitional)’, drekolat ’to come to spill,to tip over and spill’, hale ’hey!’, rhojosor ’family’ (this has been missing from the dictio-nary for a very long time!), shekh drivo ’setting sun’. Edited ganat.

• 3.071 Added temme ’thunder’.

• 3.072 Added ithkoil ’brittle’, rivve ’sniff’, timvir ’book’.

• 3.073 Added arrokhat ’to frighten’, filla ’dried plum’, gerikh ’lack’, jadilat ’to approach,to come up to’, kimisir ’ancestry’, melat ’to be evil’, shillat ’to trust’, soqwi ’plum’, soqwof’plum tree’, vitisherat ’to grow’, zhille ’advice’. Edited yalli.

• 3.074 Added fredri ’sound of horse’s hooves on dirt’, fredrilat ’to run (with horses assubject)’, fredrik ’chatterbox, one who sounds like horse’s hooves’.

• 3.080 Added some additional information about numbers, as well as a usage note on theordinal numbers. Added addakhat ’to feed’, athzhikhar ’sickness’, efe ’shackle’, ifeqev-ron ’species of forest spider’, izven ’forbidden’, leqse ’rat’, mezhah ’whore’, qamay ’wailing’,qovvolat ’to shed’, sisi ’lightning’. Edited ato.

• 3.081 Added chafasar ’climate’, chal ’bean (general use)’, challeya ’bean (when used asfood)’, gillo ’breeze’, gillosor ’weather’.

• 3.082 Added joro ’idol, icon’, lekh dothraki ’Dothraki (language’.

• 3.083 Added shirane ’beard’. Edited az.

• 3.084 Added chomolat (1) ’to grow respectful’, chomolat (2) ’to give respect to, to ho-nor’, jekhtat (1) ’to bounce, to ricochet’, jekhtat (2) ’to bounce off of’, kashi ’time’, shigat’to snore’, shigi ’snore’, shillolat ’to believe’, taoka ’metal’, yachi norethmen ’nectarine’.Edited fozak (was fozaki), ohazat, qoralat, shilat, shillat.

• 3.085 Added arrek (2) ’when’, arrekaan ’until’, arrekoon ’from since’, Dovoeddi ’Unsul-lied’ (proper noun), havon ’bread’, kishi ’our’, rekke (2) ’where’, rekkaan ’to where’, rek-koon ’from where’. Edited arraggat, arranat, arrane, arrek (1), arrissat, che, hezhahat,kirekhdirgi, kirekosi, tim. Deleted heshahat. Many of the ’a’ word edits were to fix im-proper IPA.

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• 3.085a Updated timvir ’book’ with High Valyrian entyomology. This was incorrectlyascribed to tim ’boot’.

• 3.1 A lot of new words and changes to existing words resulting from the publishing ofDavid Peterson’s book, ’Living Languages: Dothraki’. David was consulted on many ofthe discrepancies noted between the book and the wiki/dictionary. Both should now beaccurate. There are a few cases where the wiki/dictionary is accurate and the book isnot. These differences will be noted in an errata post on the Dothraki forums. As a lot ofthings were changed, be on the lookout for any formatting errors I might have missed!

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