Domestic Refurb Brochure 2nd Issue March 2015

8/9/2019 Domestic Refurb Brochure 2nd Issue March 2015

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Insu la t ion

Second Issue March 2015

Low Energy –Low Carbon Buildings

Domestic Refurbishment


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Introduction

Most of the buildings we see around us today were designedand built long before energy conservation, carbon saving and

rocketing energy prices were foreseen. As a consequence,those buildings use more energy than their modern equivalents,cost more to run and cause more carbon dioxide emissions.

It is also well known and well documented that solutions andsystems exist to refurbish older buildings, improve their thermalperformance and reduce their energy consumption.

The consensus of opinion is that a building’s fabric should bemade more thermally efcient, and airtight, before other energyreduction or energy generation measures are considered.

All elements of a building’s fabric can be upgraded to meetcurrent Building Regulations and Standards. However, it is the

UK’s 6.6 million uninsulated solid walled homes that offer themost signicant opportunity for improvement.

This document will concentrate on the refurbishment ofdomestic properties, by examining relevant regulations,voluntary standards and incentives, potential constructionsolutions, and nally a number of case studies whereimprovements to a building’s fabric have been made.


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Approved Document L1B, 2014 Edition

Technical Handbook Section 6 2011 Edition,Domestic - Energy

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Regulations, Voluntary Standards & Incentives

This document focusses on the U-values given in: the 2013edition of Approved Document L1B for England; the 2014

edition of Approved Document L1B for Wales; and the 2015of Technical Handbook Section 6 Domestic – Energy forScotland. The required U-values given in each document areshown in the tables below.

Regulations – England, Wales andScotlandIntroductionGuidance on how to meet the energy efciency requirements

of the Building Regulations / Standards, when refurbishing / renovating existing dwellings in Great Britain, are detailedin 2013 editions of Approved Documents L1B for England,published by The Department for Communities & LocalGovernment (DCLG); 2014 editions of Approved DocumentL1B for Wales, published by the Welsh Government(Llywodraeth Cymru); and the 2013 and 2015 editionsof Technical Handbook Section 6 Domestic – Energy forScotland, published by the Scottish Government (Riaghaltasna h-Alba).

All three documents class renovations as the following

activities:� cladding or rendering the external surface of a thermal

element;

� dry-lining the internal surface of a thermal element;

� stripping a thermal element down to expose the basicstructural components (brick / block, timber / metal frame,

joists, rafters etc.) and then rebuilding the element; and

� replacing the water proof membrane on a at roof.

The requirements are triggered when the area to berefurbished / renovated is greater than 50% of the surface area

of an individual element, or 25% of the total building envelopearea. When assessing the former percentage, the area of theelement should be taken as that of the individual element, notall of the elements of that type in the dwelling. The area of theelement should also be interpreted in the context of whetherthe element is being refurbished / renovated from the insideor outside. For example: if removing all of the plaster fromthe inside of a wall, the area of the element is the externalwall area of the room; or if removing external render from theoutside of the wall, it is the area of the whole wall elevation.

If the requirements are triggered the documents detail specic

U-value requirements for refurbished / renovated elements.However, these U-values may be relaxed if:

� the simple payback term is longer than 15 years;

� the usable oor space is reduced by 5% or more; or

� the work is not otherwise technically or functionallyfeasible.

Approved Document L1B, 2013 Edition

Element

New or ReplacementThermal ElementsU-value (W/m2.K)

Renovation ofThermal ElementsU-value (W/m2.K)

Pitched roofs -insulation atceiling level

0.16 0.16

Flat roof or roofwith integralinsulation

0.18 0.18

Walls – externalor internalinsulation

0.28 0.30

Floors 0.22 0.25

Element

New or ReplacementThermal ElementsU-value (W/m2.K)

Renovation ofThermal ElementsU-value (W/m2.K)

Lofts – 0.16

All other roofs 0.15 0.18

Walls – externalor internalinsulation

0.21 0.30

Floors 0.18 0.25

Element

Extensions whereexisting dwelling walls

and roof are worsethan 0.70 and 0.25

respectivelyU-value (W/m2.K)

Other extensions;Upgraded existingelements and non-

exempt conservatories U-value (W/m2.K)

Pitched roof– insulation atceiling level

0.13 0.15


Walls – external

or internalinsulation

0.19 0.22

Floors 0.15 0.18


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Regulations, Voluntary Standards & Incentives

Technical Handbook, Domestic Section 6 – EnergyRecognises that certain constructions are easier to upgradethan others. It states that a building in a ruinous state should,after renovation, be able to achieve almost the level expectedof a new construction. It may not however be reasonablypracticable for a dwelling, which is in a habitable condition, tohave its internal space signicantly reduced, either in area orheight, in order to accommodate insulation; or for excessive

alterations to be caused by the tting of external thermalinsulation, unless the owner / occupier of the dwelling intendsthese changes to be made. It further comments that, in themajority of cases, after an alteration of this nature to theinsulation envelope, a roof should be able to achieve at leastan average U-value of 0.35 W/m 2.K and in the case of a wallor oor an average U-value of 0.70 W/m 2.K.

Voluntary StandardsPassivhaus and EnerPHit

There is a growing alternative to the thermal performancerequirements set out in national Regulations. Called‘Passivhaus’, it requires that buildings use very little energyfor heating or cooling, whilst providing a high level of comfortfor the occupants. Attention to detail, rigorous design andconstruction and an exacting certication process ensurethat what is designed is built, and what is built performs asit was designed. EnerPHit, a slightly modied version of thePassivhaus standard for the refurbishment of existing buildings,has been developed with slightly more generous standards. It requires:

� specic heat demand of ≤ 25 kW.h/m 2 /yr;

� primary energy demand of ≤ 120 kW.h/m 2 /yr;

� roof, wall and oor U–values of ≤ 0.15 W/m 2.K;

� windows and doors (including frame and glazing) U–valuesof ≤ 0.8 W/m 2.K;

� thermal bridging psi values to be less than 0.01 W/m 2.K;

� whole house mechanical ventilation with heat recovery(MVHR) that is≥ 75% efcient and exhibits a specic fanpower of ≤ 0.45 W.h/m 3; and

� air–leakage of ≤ 1.0 ach at 50 Pa.

Unlike the Building Regulations in England & Wales and theBuilding Standards in Scotland, where no account is made ofairtightness or thermal bridging, the EnerPHit standard placesgreat emphasis on these factors, to improve the efciency ofthe building fabric. Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery(MVHR) is used to ensure a steady supply of fresh air withinbuildings renovated to this standard, because of the low levelof air–leakage that is required.

Kingspan Insulation is a founding member of the Passivhaus Trust. More information can be found by visitingwww.passivhaustrust.org.uk .

IncentivesGreen Deal and ECO

The Green Deal represents arguably the most radical shake–up to the large–scale refurbishment of existing properties. Itoffers owner occupiers, the private and social rented sectorsand the commercial sector the opportunity to install, among

other things, building fabric measures on properties frequentlytermed ‘hard to treat’.

It works by effectively eliminating the need for a customerto pay upfront for a package of energy efciency measuresfrom a ‘Green Deal Provider’. The cost of the measures (theGreen Deal Finance) should be covered by savings on theelectricity bill over, for example, 25 years. There is a ‘GoldenRule’ that this charge on the electricity bill should not exceedthe expected savings and the length of the repayment periodshould not exceed the expected lifetime of the measure.

ECO (the Energy Company Obligation) has taken over from the

previous obligations of CERT and CESP. ECO will work hand–in–hand with the Green Deal, to help those households wherethe ‘Golden Rule’ can not otherwise be met, by focusing onhard to treat properties and vulnerable and poor households.

To support the expected industry expansion, re–skilling ofexisting installers is required together with a major recruitmentand training drive to attract new people into the industry.

To this end, the Solid Wall Insulation Guarantee Agency(SWIGA) developed a robust quality framework supportingnew skills and training independently assessed via a third partyinspection scheme resulting in a 25 year guarantee to provide

consumers, speciers and funding organisations the peace ofmind needed when installing solid wall insulation, under boththe Green Deal and ECO.

Technical Handbook Section 6 2015 Edition,Domestic - Energy

Element

Extensions whereexisting dwelling walls

and roof are worsethan 0.70 and 0.25

respectivelyU-value (W/m2.K)

Other extensions;Upgraded existingelements and non-

exempt conservatories U-value (W/m2.K)

Pitched roof– insulation atceiling level

0.11 0.15


Walls – externalor internal

insulation

0.17 0.22

Floors 0.15 0.18


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Set out in the following pages, are constructions, usingKingspan Insulation products, which are designed to meet

the current England, Wales and Scotland U–values. TheseU–values are valid for the constructions shown in the detailsimmediately above. Also shown, is a range of alternativesolutions that other insulation manufacturers might offer.Please contact the Kingspan Insulation Technical ServiceDepartment (see rear cover) if you require similar calculationsfor other constructions.

U–values have been calculated using the methods detailedin BS EN ISO 6946: 2007 (Building components and buildingelements. Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance.

Calculation method), BS EN ISO 13370: 1998 (Thermalperformance of buildings. Heat transfer via the ground.

Calculation methods), and using the conventions set outin BR443 (Conventions for U–value calculations). For thepurposes of these calculations, the standard of workmanshiphas been assumed good and, therefore, the correction factorfor air gaps has been ignored.

The gures quoted are for guidance only. A detailed U–valuecalculation and a condensation risk analysis should becompleted for each project. Please contact the KingspanInsulation Technical Service Department (see rear cover) orvisit our website www.kingspaninsulation.co.uk .

Refurbishment Solutions


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Flat Roof InsulationTrigger Points & Timing� Should be considered when repairing or replacing the

waterproong membrane on a roof.� Should be considered, even when no other work was

intended, if a roof is uninsulated or underinsulated.

Benets� Can reduce heating bills and / or increase thermal comfort.

� As the insulation is above the roof deck, head room inhabitable space below is not affected.

� Work can be carried out without the need for buildingoccupants to be moved.

Timber Deck

Damp proof course (DPC) DPC to drain internally orexternally as specied

18 mm plywood deck

Kingspan Therma roof ® TR27 LPC/FM

Vapour control layer

Insulation upstand min. 300mm from bottom surface ofhorizontal insulation layer

50 x 150 mmtimber joists at600 mm centres

Kingspan Kool therm® K8Cavity Boardtaken upas high as the at roof

insulation upstand

Waterproong e.g. single–plynon–bituminous membrane

Dense Concrete Deck

Why Kingspan Insulation?� Kingspan Roong System is the thinnest

possible solution to insulation problems.� Greater thicknesses of at roof insulation may run into

practical difculties related to the available upstand heightat parapets, abutments and rooights.

� The thicknesses of Kingspan Therma roof ® TR27 LPC/FM shown are available in one board. The alternativesmay require a double layer of insulation which will increase

installation time and cost.� Kingspan Therma roof ® TR27 LPC/FM is considerably

lighter than the equivalent thickness of rock mineral bre,with potential implications for the structural design ofbuildings and manual handling during installation.

Thickness (mm) of Specied Insulant Requiredto Achieve U–value Shown

U–value(W/m2.K)

0.18 0.15 0.13

KingspanTherma roof ®

TR27 LPC/FM

120 145 170

Kingspan

Roong System **(+ KingspanTherma roof ®

TR27 LPC/FMoverlay)

50 + (25) 60 + (25) 75 + (25)

Rock MineralFibre(0.038 W/m.K)*

185 220 270

These calculations assume telescopic tube fasteners with a thermal conductivityof 1.00 W/m·K or less, the effect of which is insignicant.

The ceiling is taken to be a 3 mm skim coated 12.5 mm plasterboard with acavity between it and the underside of the deck.

* May be made up of two layers of insulation.** The bridging effect of theKingspan flex component of the

system is taken as 30%. The build-up may be made up of two layers ofinsulation.


U–value(W/m2.K)

0.18 0.15 0.13

KingspanTherma roof ® TR27 LPC/FM

120 145 170

Kingspan

Roong System **(+ KingspanTherma roof ®

TR27 LPC/FMoverlay)

50 + (25) 60 + (25) 75 + (25)

Rock MineralFibre(0.038 W/m.K)*

185 220 270

These calculations assume telescopic tube fasteners with a thermal conductivityof 1.00 W/m·K or less, the effect of which is insignicant.

The ceiling is taken to be a 3 mm skim coated 12.5 mm plasterboard with acavity between it and the underside of the deck.

* May be made up of two layers of insulation.** The bridging effect of theKingspan flex component of the

system is taken as 30%. The build-up may be made up of two layers of insulation.

Damp proof course (DPC) DPC to drain internally or

externally as specied

Waterproong e.g. single-plynon-bituminous membrane

Vapour control layer


Insulation upstandmin. 300 mm from bottomsurface of horizontalinsulation layer

12.5 mm plasterboardxed to 25 x 50 mmtimber battens at 600 mm centres

Kingspan Kool therm® K8Cavity Boardtaken upas high as the at roof

insulation upstand

150 mmconcrete deck

Protection layer*

50 mm screedto falls

Kingspan

Kingspan flex

* Refer to sitework


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Balcony & Terrace InsulationTrigger Points & Timing� Should be considered when repairing or replacing the

waterproong membrane on a balcony or terrace.� Should be considered when laying a new balcony or

terrace.

� Should be considered, even when no other work wasintended, if a balcony or terrace is uninsulated orunderinsulated.


� As the insulation is above the roof deck, head room inhabitable space below is not affected.

� Work can be carried out without the need for buildingoccupants to be moved.

Thickness (mm) of Specied InsulantRequired to Achieve U–value Shown

U–value (W/m2.K) 0.18 0.15 0.13

KingspanBalcony & Terrace System *(+ Kingspan Therma roof ®

TR27 LPC/FMoverlay)

50 + (25) 60 + (25) 75 + (25)

EPS 185 225 260

XPS 140 170 200

* The bridging effect of theKingspan flex component of thesystem is taken as 30%.


U–value (W/m2.K) 0.18 0.15 0.13

KingspanBalcony & Terrace System *(+ Kingspan Therma roof ®

TR27 LPC/FMoverlay)

50 + (25) 65 + (25) 75 + (25)

EPS 190 230 265

XPS 145 175 205

* The bridging effect of theKingspan flex component of thesystem is taken as 30%.

Why Kingspan Insulation?� Kingspan Balcony & Terrace System is

the thinnest possible solution to insulation problems.� Kingspan Balcony & Terrace System can

maintain an even transition between indoor and outdoorlevels.

Timber DeckTimber Deck with Plasterboard Ceiling and Kingspan Therma roof ® TR27 LPC/FM Overlay

Concrete DeckDense Concrete Deck with Suspended Ceiling and Kingspan Therma roof ® TR27 LPC/FM Overlay

* Refer to Sitework

Cover ashing

Paving slabs on supports


Waterproonge.g. single-ply

non-bituminousmembrane

Vapour control layer150 mm concretedeck to falls

12.5 mm plasterboardxed to 25 x 50 mm

timber battens at600 mm centres

Protection layer*

Insulation upstand

* Refer to Sitework

Cover ashing

Paving slabs on supports

Waterproonge.g. single-plynon-bituminous

membrane

Vapour control layer18 mm plywooddeck

50 x 150 mm timber joists at 400 mm

centres

Protection layer*


Insulation upstandKingspan

flex

Kingspan

Kingspan

flex

Kingspan


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Internal Wall InsulationTrigger Points & Timing� Should be considered when re–plastering, modernising,

re–decorating, re–plumbing, re–wiring or tting newkitchens or bathrooms.

� Best done when property is empty e.g. between tenants orupon purchase.

� If the property can’t be vacated, then best done roomby room.

� Should be considered, even when no other work wasintended, if a wall is uninsulated or underinsulated.


� No impact on the external appearance of the building.� Ideal if external wall insulation cannot be used because

the building is in a conservation area, the building ownerprefers the existing aesthetic, or where local planningconstraints exist.

� Can be used in conjunction with external wall insulation aspart of a ‘hybrid’ approach – for example using it on thefront elevation of a property with external wall insulation onthe side and rear elevations.

� Rooms heat up more quickly as the insulation is close tothe internal surface of the room.

Likely to be the most acceptable solution to refurbishingthe wall if the wall is being re–plastered or if the wall is tobe re–rendered but external space constraints or aestheticsprohibit the application of external insulation.

Solid Brick Wall Although the data below relates to solid brick walls, internal

wall insulation can be installed just as readily on solid stoneand precast concrete walls.

3 mm skim coated Kingspan Kool therm® K18

Insulated Plasterboard

215 mm brickwork

Strip of damp proofcourse (if there isa risk of moisture

penetration)

25 mm(min) air space

50 mm timberbattens at600 mm centres

5 mm packer(see literature for details)



U–value(W/m2.K)

0.30 0.22 0.17

KingspanKool

therm®

K18 InsulatedPlasterboard

62.5 92.5 122.5

Glass MineralFibre(0.038 W/m.K)

Requires installation on stud work.See opposite.

All calculations assume a 15% bridging factor. The thermal conductivity of thetimber has been assumed to be 0.12 W/m·K.

Kingspan Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard contains an integral vapourcontrol layer in order to minimise the risk of condensation. Kingspan Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard product thickness = insulant thickness + 12.5 mmplasterboard.


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Damp proof course

Kingspan Kool therm® K12 Framing Board

3 mm skim coated Kingspan Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard

215 mmbrickwork

25 mm (min.)air space

Timber stud

Timber stop batten

Cavity Wall Although this document relates predominantly to solid walls,

solid wall insulation solutions can also be installed on cavitywalls that can’t be lled with cavity wall insulation, or that havealready been lled with cavity wall insulation but require furtherimprovement. In this case, it would be more common to installinsulated plasterboard using dot and dab xing or adhesivebonding.

3 mm skim coated Kingspan Kool therm®

K17 InsulatedPlasterboard

Brick / brick outerand inner leaf

Adhesive dabs(see ‘Sitework

– Plaster Dab /Drywall Adhesive

Bonding’)Nailable plugs(2 No. per board)

5 mm packer(see literaturefor details)

Continuous llet of adhesive forairtightness and acting as re stop

Why Kingspan Insulation?� Kingspan Kool therm® offers the thinnest commonly used

solution.

� Greater thicknesses of internal wall insulation may result inunacceptable oor space reduction.


U–value(W/m2.K)

0.30 0.22 0.17

KingspanKool therm® K17 InsulatedPlasterboard

62.5 87.5 72.5

Rock MineralFibre(0.038 W/m.K)

Requires installation on stud work.

Calculations assume two leafs of 102.5 mm brickwork with a 50 mm unlledcavity.

* Calculations assume Kingspan Kool therm® K17 Insulated Plasterboard product thickness = insulant thickness + 12.5 mm plasterboard on 15 mmplaster dabs.

Thickness (mm) of Specied Insulant Required to Achieve U–value Shown

U–value(W/m2.K)

0.30 0.22 0.17 0.15

KingspanKool therm® K12 FramingBoard*

75*** 75 + 37.5 Kool therm®K18 InsulatedPlasterboard

75 + 62.5 Kool therm®K18 InsulatedPlasterboard


GlassMineral Fibre(0.038W/m.K)**

140*** 140 + 37.5Kool therm®K18 InsulatedPlasterboard†

140 + 62.5Kool therm®K18 InsulatedPlasterboard†


All calculations assume a 15% bridging factor. The thermal conductivity of thetimber has been assumed to be 0.12 W/m·K.

* Calculations assume 100 mm deep timber studwork with a 25 mm timberbatten cavity.

** The example assumes 140 mm deep studwork to accommodate the differenttype and thickness of insulation material with no batten cavity.

*** Calculations which feature insulation between studwork only, assume the useof 15 mm plasterboard and a polythene sheet vapour control layer in order tominimise the risk of condensation

† Kingspan Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard contains an integralvapour control layer in order to minimise the risk of condensation.Kingspan Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard product thickness= insulant thickness + 12.5 mm plasterboard.


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Floor InsulationTrigger Points & Timing� Should be considered when laying a concrete oor or

improving a traditional oor – such as traditional tiles onearth.

� Should be considered when installing pipework or newplumbing under a oor – essential when installing underoor heating.

� Should be considered when laying a new timber oor orreplacing broken or faulty oor boards or replacing carpets.

� Should be considered, even when no other work wasintended, if a oor is uninsulated or underinsulated.

Benets�

Can reduce heating bills and / or increase thermal comfort.� Floor insulation will help reduce heat loss through the

ground – an area which is frequently overlooked.

� If installed correctly it can help reduce thermal bridging atoor/wall junctions

Suspended Timber Ground Floor

Kingspan Kool therm® K3Floorboard

18 mm pine oorboards

25 mm x 25 mmsupport battens

50 mm wide oor joistsat 400 mm centres

Perimeter insulation

Replacement Concrete Floor

KingspanKool therm® K3Floorboard

Floor Screed

Hardcore Separation layerDamp proofmembrane

Perimeter insulation

Why Kingspan Insulation?� Kingspan Kool therm® offers the thinnest commonly used

solution. Kingspan Roong System is thethinnest possible solution to insulation problems.

� Mineral bre quilt is not rigid, and it is therefore difcultto ensure complete ll of the void between oor joists insuspended timber oors, without minute attention to detailin the installation of its support e.g. netting.

� Cold bridging and thermal performance reduction, causedby air–inltration of mineral bre from the necessary under–oor ventilation, may be an inevitable consequence insuspended timber oors.

� Greater thicknesses of oor insulation will necessitate theremoval of a greater depth of material from under theexisting oor, adding to the cost and time of installing areplacement concrete oor.



U–value (W/m2

.K) 0.25 0.18 0.15Kingspan Kool therm® K3External Floorboard*

80 130 80+90**

KingspanFlooring System ***

25 35 50

Rock Mineral Fibre(0.038 W/m.K)****

120 190 –

EPS (0.032 W/m .K) 105 170 –

Figures based on a P/A ratio of 0.5

* Suspended timber ground oor joists are typically 200 mm deep andtherefore U–values have been calculated with a maximum insulation thicknessof 175 mm in order to accommodate 25 x 25 mm timber support battens.

** Where multiple layers of insulation of different thicknesses are used, thethickest layer should be installed as the outermost layer in the construction.

*** The bridging effect of theKingspan flex component of thesystem is taken as 15%. The build-up may be made up of two layers ofinsulation.

**** To support mineral bre netting should be used rather than support battens.


U–value (W/m2.K) 0.25 0.18 0.15

Kingspan Kool therm® K3Floorboard

50 90 110

KingspanFlooring System *

25 35 50

EPS (0.032 W/m .K) 75 125 155

XPS (0.029 W/m.K) 70 125 140

Figures based on a P/A ratio of 0.5

* The bridging effect of theKingspan flex component of thesystem is taken as 15%. The build-up may be made up of two layers ofinsulation.


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Refurbishment Case Studies

The case studies on the following pages show what can beachieved by refurbishing buildings. In some cases, measures

such as double glazing, MVHR or solar thermal systems havebeen used, but the emphasis of these studies is to showcasethe use of Kingspan Insulation products.

More information can be found via the links given at the end ofeach case study, which will refer you to the relevant architect,

client, contractor, surveyor or specialist. That list is notexhaustive and for reasons of space we have only included ashort selection of what is available.

The Nook, Brighton


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Challenges Faced� The dwelling is situated in a conversation area. As such,

planning permission for works to the exterior of thedwelling may have been less likely to have been granted.

� The homeowners, a young family of four, wished to remainin the property throughout the duration of the works.Precautionary measures were taken to minimise theimpact of any disturbance, including the use of sheetingto protect soft furnishings, and execution of the works

on a room by room basis. To enable living arrangementsto continue as normally as possible, materials weretemporarily stored outdoors, clear of the ground andprotected from weather.

� At the time of the initial inspection, there was no evidenceof damp. However, damp within the disused stonereplace located in the kitchen was later identied duringthe pre-installation survey. Renovation works had to becarried out to remedy the problem prior to the installation.

What was Achieved� The U-value of the wall improved by 83%.

� The normalised annual gas consumption for primaryspace heating decreased appreciably by 20%, thuscorresponding CO 2 emissions and costs also decreasedby the same margin.

� The Energy Efciency (SAP) and Environmental Impact (EI)Ratings moved up a band, from D to C.

� The Dwelling Emission Rate (DER) improved by 32%.

AR01

Thermal Image of External Gable Wall before IWI (Outdoor Ambient Air Temperature =7.3°C & Wall Surface Temperature Dened in Area AR01 = 9.4°C).

Thermal Image of External Gable Wall after IWI (Outdoor Ambient Air Temperature = 0.0°C & Wall Surface temperature Dened in Area AR01 = 0.8°C.

Project Name: MorecambeBuilding Type: Residential Low RiseLocation: Morecambe, Lancashire

Client: Private Client

Introduction The retrot formed part of a larger eld study in England,undertaken by the Energy Saving Trust (EST), of 36 existinghard-to-treat dwellings, in order to quantify the energy-efciency benets that result from upgrading levels of solid wallinsulation (SWI).

The dwelling is a pre-1900, stone-built, solid-walled, end-terrace with a total building oor area of 140 m² and doubleglazed windows throughout. It comprises two main oors, a

small converted loft room and a basement beneath the lounge. The basement walls are not exposed to the outdoors. Theground level outside the property rises above that inside, fromthe front to the rear and is potentially a risk area for damp.

The basement walls were not insulated as part of the project,nor were the roof, ceilings and oors. A gas condensing boilerprovides primary space and water heating, whilst a solid fuelstove in the open-plan ground oor living space providesauxiliary space heating.

Insulation Solution Employed� Walls: U–value 0.22 W/m2.K. 92.5 mm Kingspan

Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard.

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What was Achieved� The U-value of the wall improved by 89%.

� The normalised annual gas consumption for primary spaceheating decreased by 45%, this corresponding CO 2 emissions and costs also decreased by the same margin.

� Air-tightness improved by 57%.

� The mean average indoor ambient temperature rose by 6%.

� The Energy Efciency (SAP) and Environmental Impact (EI)Ratings moved up a band, from D to C.

� The Dwelling Emission Rate (DER) improved by 32%.

Thermal Image of External Gable Wall before IWI (Outdoor Ambient Air Temperature =7.3°C & Wall Surface Temperature Dened in Area AR01 = 9.4°C).

Thermal Image of External Gable Wall after IWI (Outdoor Ambient Air Temperature = 0.0°C & Wall Surface temperature Dened in Area AR01 = 0.8°C.

Project Name: BurnleyBuilding Type: Residential Low RiseLocation: Burnley, Lancashire


Introduction To assess what effect solid wall insulation (SWI) can have onactual building energy consumption and performance, theEnergy Saving Trust (EST) undertook a major nationwide studyevaluating the impact of upgrading the SWI on 36 hard-to-treatproperties, the Burnley property being one.

The property is a pre-1900 stone-built, solid-walled, mid-terrace with a total building oor area of 138 m² and doubleglazed windows throughout, one of which being a front bay

window with plaster cornice detailing. It comprises two mainoors and a basement beneath the front part of the housewith one wall exposed to the outdoors. A pre-1979 gas boilerprovides primary space and water heating. The property isoccupied by a retired couple in their mid-sixties. The roof,ceiling and oors were not insulated as part of the project.

Insulation Solution Employed� Walls: U–value 0.22 W/m2.K. 92.5 mm Kingspan

Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard.Challenges Faced� The area in which the dwelling is situated was part of an

ongoing renewal project involving property face-lifts. As aconsequence, restrictions were placed on any alterationsto the exterior including external wall insulation. Therefore,internal wall insulation was the only option.

� The owners wanted to preserve the existing plastercornice detailing around the bay window. In order toaccommodate the insulation, particular care was requiredwhen it was removed and subsequently replaced.

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Project Name: 17, St Augustine’s RoadBuilding Type: Residential Semi–DetachedLocation: Camden, London

Client: London Borough of Camden

Introduction The complete renovation of a dilapidated 6 bedroomed 1850’ssemi–detached solid–walled house in a conservation area.

The property needed conversion from two separate ats backinto a single home for local authority tenants. The buildingwas in a very poor state of repair and needed total renovationof the building fabric in order to make it habitable. The aimwas to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions caused by theproperty by approximately 80% whilst making the most

use of the internal space.Insulation Solution Employed� Walls: U–value 0.19 W/m2.K. 102.5 mm Kingspan

Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard on most solidbrick walls.

� Pitched Roof: U–value 0.15 W/m2.K. Two layers of 75mm Kingspan Kool therm® K7 Pitched Roof Board withnilvent breathable membrane in a between and over rafterconstruction.

� Floor: U–value 0.23 W/m2.K. The basement concrete slabwas insulated with Kingspan Kool therm® K3 Floorboard with a new screed laid above.

Challenges Faced� Conservation area – had to ensure that roof lines and

heights weren’t breached and that the external look of theproperty wasn’t altered.

� Ensuring that all subsequent trades didn’t ‘undo’ thework of previous trades, e.g. not puncturing an air–tightmembrane.

� Controls for heating and plumbing need to be made simplefor those trades and, more importantly, for the occupants

of the building.

What was Achieved� The fabric of the building was improved signicantly,

changing the energy rating from F to B.

Monitoring took place in the winter of 2008/2009:

Airtightness improved from 30 m 3 /hr/m 2 to 6.5 m 3 /hr/m 2

55% to 70% reduction in gas consumption

CO2 emissions reduced from 10,900 Kg/CO 2 /yr to between3,800 to 4,900 Kg/CO 2 /Yr

More InformationYou Tube: Search for ‘Camden Low Energy Victorian House’.

Google: Search for ‘Camden Low Energy Victorian House’.

Plywood installed over insulation was used to take the weight ofheavy xtures and ttings in the kitchen.

Kingspan Kool therm® K3 Floorboard, installed in the basement.


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What was Achieved� The high levels of heat loss allowed through the u-PVC

facades gave an external wall U-value of 1.19 W/m 2.K. thiswas improved to 0.20 W/m 2.K with 20 mm of the Kingspan

External Wall System .

� Kingspan External Wall System allowedthem to achieve the required U-value within the tightcavities without changing the exterior of the dwellings.

More Informationhttp://www.the-facility.co.uk/

http://reallysmarthouse.com

http://www.east-of-england.eu/news/southend-on-sea-selected-to-join-the-european-inno/

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Ten under-insulated bungalows were funded as part of the £1.2million ReallySmartHouse project.

Kingspan External Wall System was installedbehind the u-PVC facade.

Project Name: Pantile AvenueBuilding Type: Residential Low RiseLocation: Southend-on-Sea

Client: South Essex Homes

Introduction The retrot of ten under-insulated bungalows was funded aspart of the £1.2 million ReallySmartHouse project, which wasoverseen by Southend-on-Sea Borough Council, South EssexHomes and architects, The Facility. They were tasked withimproving the thermal performance within the minimal cavityspace behind the facades. The ReallySmartHouse scheme hasbeen jointly funded by Southend-on-Sea Borough Council andthe European Regional Development Fund.

Insulation Solution Employed� Walls: U–value 0.20 W/m2.K. 20 mm Kingspan

External Wall System .

Challenges Faced� The project board wanted the exterior of the bungalows to

look the same as they had before work commenced whilstalso delivering a signicant improvement in the thermalefciency of the building envelope.

� The bungalows had to be occupied during the work andthe tenants needed to be liaised with over the schedule.


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Refurbishment Case StudiesProject Name:100 Princedale Road PassivhausBuilding Type: Residential Low Rise, Social HousingLocation: London

Client: Octavia Housing

Introduction A Victorian three–storey terraced house, in the HollandPark conservation area in London, became the UK’s rstPassivhaus certied domestic refurbishment.

Insulation Solution Employed� Walls: U–value 0.10 W/m2.K. 150 mm Kingspan

Therma wall® TW55was installed on one side of an OSBair barrier and 50 mm of TW55 on the other.

� Ceiling: U–value 0.15 W/m2.K. 150 mm Kingspan Therma wall® TW55 was installed between the joistsof the top oor ceiling, an OSB air barrier was xedunderneath the joists followed by 50 mm of TW55 nishedwith 12 mm plasterboard.

� Floor: U–value 0.14 W/m2.K. The oor over the cellarwas formed by two layers of OSB with 150 mm Kingspan Therma oor® TF70 between them.

Challenges Faced� Designing for social housing and tenants who may not be

energy–conscious.

� The house was in a conservation area, so the preferredoption of external wall insulation was not viable.

� To create air–tightness within a building over 150 yearsold.

� To ensure that internal space take–up by insulationmeasures was kept to a minimum.

What was Achieved� An airtightness of 0.5 m 3 /hr/m 2 at 50 Pa was achieved.

� A predicted 83% reduction in carbon dioxide emissionsand a 94% cut in energy use.

� The building’s heating demand is estimated to be just15 kW.h of energy per m 2 per year (the UK average is130 kW.h per m 2 per year) – saving the tenants around£910 annually on fuel bills.

� The house requires no gas boiler, radiators or conventionalheating system, yet remains at a comfortable temperature

with a healthy ow of air all year round.

More Informationwww.greenoctavia.org.uk/

www.pauldavisandpartners.com/projects/residential/retrot/

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Protecting and maintaining the external appearance in theConservation area was vital.

All images on this page courtesy of Octavia Housing.


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Challenges Faced� Ensuring that the contractors were fully versed in the

concept of airtightness.

What was Achieved� Predicted space heating requirements are estimated to

reduce from 17,238 kW.h/yr to 2,410 kW.h/yr – a drop ofover 86%.

More Informationwww.hyde-housing.co.uk/client_les/aboutus/ RetrotandReplicateProject.pdf

www.ecda.co.uk/download/257

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Using Kooltherm insulation can help ensure the maximum use of

internal space.

Detailing was particularly important around window reveals and

access to services.

All images on this page courtesy of The Hyde Group.

Project Name: 225 Court Farm RoadBuilding Type: Residential Low RiseLocation: Mottingham, London

Client: Hyde Housing Association with ECD Architects

Introduction A 1930’s two bedroom terraced house in South Londonunderwent a full refurbishment, with the aim of reducing thecarbon dioxide emissions caused by the property by 80%.

The house was monitored to see which measures selectedprovide the most practical, cost effective and replicablesolutions. The house was built with cavity walls whichwere lled with blown cavity wall insulation. To the rear ofthe property is a single storey extension containing a third

bedroom with en suite bathroom.Insulation Solution Employed� Walls: U–value 0.18 W/m2.K. 82.5 mm Kingspan

Kool therm® K17 Insulated Plasterboard on the externalwalls of original building.

� Walls: U–value 0.23 W/m2.K. 100 mm Kingspan Kool therm® K5 External Wall Board under a 10 mmpolymer render on the rear extension.

� Roof: U–value 0.10 W/m2.K. A total of 170 mm Kingspan Therma oor® TF70 (made up of 2 layers) laid over existingoor joists at ceiling level in the original pitched roof with

oating tongue and groove oorboards over. A breathablemulti–foil insulation was used to line the existing rafters.

� Flat Roof: U–value 0.10 W/m2.K. 220 mm Kingspan Therma roof ® TR27 LPC/FM was used on the at roof ofthe extension.

� Floor: U–value 0.20 W/m2.K. 100 mm Kingspan Kool therm® K3 Floorboard between joists with Kingspan nil vent ® breathable membrane between the joists to actas an airtightness layer.


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Project Name: Lena Gardens PassivhausBuilding Type: Private Residential Low RiseLocation: Hammersmith, London

Client: Princedale Ecohaus Ltd and Green Tomato Energy

IntroductionLena Gardens is a solid–walled Victorian mid–terrace built inthe 1870’s. Now in a conservation area in Hammersmith,the exterior of the house had to remain unchanged, meaningthat all insulation measures were applied internally. Theretrot was also designed to achieve the rigorous PassivhausEnerPHit standard.

Insulation Solution Employed� Roof: U–value 0.14 W/m2.K. 130 mm Kingspan

Kooltherm

®

K7 Pitched Roof Board was tted between therafters followed by a layer of OSB sealed for airtightnessand then a further 50 mm layer of Kingspan Kool therm® K7 Pitched Roof Board.

� External Walls: U–value 0.10 W/m2.K. 130 mm Kingspan Kool therm® K12 Framing Board was installed followed bythe air–tight OSB layer and a further 50 mm of Kingspan Kool therm® K12 Framing Board.

� Party Walls: U–value 0.27 W/m2.K. 50 mm Kingspan Kool therm® K12 Framing Board was installed along withthe continuous OSB layer.

� Floors: U–value 0.11 W/m2

.K. 200 mm Kingspan Therma oor® TF70 was used to insulate the suspendedtimber ground oors with 150 mm of the same installedbelow a new concrete slab in the kitchen.

Challenges Faced� Complex geometry and a rear kitchen extension.

� Floors needed to be re-hung in order to reduce thermalbridges required by the Passivhaus standard.

� The building is in a Conservation area, so no change ofexternal appearance was permitted.

What was Achieved

� Measured air tightness of 0.49 ACH @ 50 Pa which

is even less than the 0.6 required by the Passivhausstandard.

� Measured electricity consumption of just 12.8 kWh/m 2 /yr –the same as predicted in the PHPP model.

More Informationwww.greentomatoenergy.com/docs/lenagardens_casestudy.pdf

http://retrotforthefuture.org/projectPDF.php?id=254

http://ecohome.tumblr.com/post/18075343576/a-yearsdata-da-dah

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Detail showing the wall construction with the OSB airtightness layerand steel used to re–hang the oors.

Careful taping and sealing of joints with Kingspan Kool therm® K7 Pitched Roof Board.


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Project Name: The NookBuilding Type: Social Housing Low RiseLocation: Brighton, Brighton & Hove

Client: Two Piers Housing Cooperative

Introduction The refurbishment of a 6 bedroom solid walled Victoriandetached property, used for social housing and owned by

Two Piers Housing Cooperative. £150,000 funding wasreceived from the Technology Strategy Board as part of theRetrot for the Future competition. Whole house package ofmeasures was created by architects BBM Sustainable Designwith the building work carried out by Earthwise Construction.

Insulation Solution Employed�

Roof: U–value 0.10 W/m2.

K. 100 mm Kingspan Kool therm® K7 Pitched Roof Board between joists withanother layer over the joists.

� Walls: U–value 0.15 W/m2.K. A hybrid approach was used– 120 mm Kingspan Kool therm® K12 Framing Board was installed internally on the front elevation and 120 mmKingspan Kool therm® K5 External Wall Board was usedon the side and rear elevations.

� Ground oor: U–value 0.13 W/m2.K. 100 mm Kingspan Kool therm® K3 Floorboard was used over the existingoor slab with a new oating wooden oor over the top.

� Other measures: improved glazing, a condensing gasboiler, a solar thermal array and MVHR.

� Air leakage: a continuous air barrier comprising acombination of cement render and Pro Clima Intello Plusmembrane was used on all external elements to reducedrafts and air leakage.

Challenges Faced� The house is in a conservation area, so conditions were in

place regarding the appearance of the front elevation.

What was Achieved� The property had an initial SAP rating of 33 and energy

rating ‘F’ before refurbishment, with a SAP rating of 82and an energy rating ‘B’ when nished.

� Carbon dioxide emissions caused by the property werepredicted to fall by 80%.

� Energy bills were predicted to reduce from £1,450 per yearto under £750.

The energy requirement was forecast to reduce from577 kWh/m 2 /yr to 114 kWh/m 2 /yr.

More Informationhttp://2010.ecoopenhouses.org/media/Case%20study%20overs%20Walk.pdf

http://www.bbm-architects.co.uk

www.retrotforthefuture.org

Kingspan Kool therm® K18 Insulated Plasterboard used in the hallwayencroached as little as possible on available space.

Internal wall insulation used in the f ront room on the front elevation.


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Project Name: Falmouth FarmBuilding Type: Private Housing Low RiseLocation: Cornwall


Introduction The terrace of this idyllic former farmhouse, which is situated inthe rural outskirts of Falmouth, makes up part of a much largerextension to the property. The original ground oor kitchenhad been extended and a utility room created, whilst upstairsa large dayroom now opens out onto the spacious terrace.

The work, overseen by main contractors AMJ Renovations,is sympathetic to the original farmhouse using a range oftraditional materials such as stone and lime render.

Insulation Solution EmployedBalcony and Terrace (roof): U–value 0.16 W/m 2.K 40 mmKingspan Balcony and Terrace System .

Challenges faced� The client needed to ensure a seamless transition from the

dayroom out onto the terrace without having to adjust theceiling height in the kitchen below, whilst also achieving acompliant U-value.

What was achieved� The thickness of conventional insulation needed to achieve

the required U-value would have required the terrace tobe raised higher than the oor level in the internal rooms,creating an awkward step. However, using Kingspan

Balcony and Terrace System aneven transition between the day room and terrace wasmaintained.

� Clear layouts and designs were provided by Kingspan’s

specialist technical team, ensuring that the requiredU-value was achieved with minimal thickness andmaximum coverage of Kingspan panels.

Kingspan Balcony & Terrace System installed onthe new terrace.

Falmouth Farm is a traditional rural farmhouse extended andmodernised.


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Customer ServiceFor quotations, order placement and details of despatches please

contact the Kingspan Insulation Customer Service Department onthe numbers below:

UK – Tel: +44 (0) 1544 388 601 – Fax: +44 (0) 1544 388 888 – email: [email protected]

Literature & SamplesKingspan Insulation produces a comprehensive range of technicalliterature for speciers, contractors, stockists and end users.

The literature contains clear ‘user friendly’ advice on typicaldesign; design considerations; thermal properties; siteworkand product data.

Available as a complete Design Manual or as individual productbrochures, Kingspan Insulation technical literature is an essentialspecication tool. For copies please contact the KingspanInsulation Marketing Department, or visit the Kingspan Insulationwebsite, using the details below:


– www.kingspaninsulation.co.uk/literature

Tapered RoongFor technical guidance, quotations, order placement anddetails of despatches please contact the Kingspan Insulation

Tapered Roong Department on the numbers below:


Technical Advice / DesignKingspan Insulation supports all of its products with a comprehensive

Technical Advisory Service for speciers, stockists and contractors. This includes a computer–aided service designed to give fast,accurate technical advice. Simply phone the Kingspan Insulation

Technical Service Department with your project specication.Calculations can be carried out to provide U–values, condensation

/ dew point risk, required insulation thicknesses etc… Thereafterany number of permutations can be provided to help you achieveyour desired targets.

The Kingspan Insulation Technical Service Department can alsogive general application advice and advice on design detailing andxing etc... Site surveys are also undertaken as appropriate.

The Kingspan Insulation British TechnicalService Department operates under amanagement system certied to the BBAScheme for Assessing the Competencyof Persons to Undertake U–value and Condensation RiskCalculations.

Please contact the Kingspan Insulation Technical ServiceDepartment on the numbers below:

UK – Tel: +44 (0) 1544 387 382

– Fax: +44 (0) 1544 387 482 – email: [email protected]

General EnquiriesFor all other enquiries contact Kingspan Insulation on the

numbers below:UK – Tel: +44 (0) 1544 388 601 – Fax: +44 (0) 1544 388 888 – email: [email protected] Kingspan Insulation Ltd. reserves the right to amend product specications without prior notice.Product thicknesses shown in this document should not be taken as being available ex–stock

and reference should be made to the current Kingspan Insulation price–list or advice soughtfrom Kingspan Insulation’s Customer Service Department (see above left). The information,technical details and xing instructions etc. included in this literature are given in good faith

and apply to uses described. Recommendations for use should be veried for suitability andcompliance with actual requirements, specications and any applicable laws and regulations.For other applications or conditions of use, Kingspan Insulation offers a Technical AdvisoryService (see above), the advice of which should be sought for uses of Kingspan Insulation

products that are not specically described herein. Please check that your copy of this literature is current by contacting the Kingspan Insulation Marketing Department (see left).

Kingspan Insulation Ltd is a member of:

The National Insulation Association (NIA)

Contact Details

Kingspan Insulation LtdPembridge, Leominster, Herefordshire HR6 9LA, UK

U Value Competency Scheme

CERTIFICATE CS/1004-2