DOCUMENT RESUME ED 101 445 Mooij, D. TITLE Sun Shading ...DOCUMENT RESUME. EA 006 722. Mooij, D. Sun Shading Diagrams for School Buildings. Educational Building Report 2. United Nations

ED 101 445

AUTHORTITLE

INSTITUTION

REPORT NOPUB DATENOTEAVAILABLE FROM

EDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORS

IDENTIFIERS

DOCUMENT RESUME

EA 006 722

Mooij, D.Sun Shading Diagrams for School Buildings.Educational Building Report 2.United Nations Educational, Scientific, and CulturalOrganization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office forEducation in Asia.BKB-74-RHM-30-220074-31p.; A related document is EA 006 721UNIPUB, P.O. Box 433, Murray Hill Station, New York,New York 10016 ($3.00)

MF-$0.76 HC Not Available from EDRS. PLUS POSTAGE*Building Design; *Climate Control; Climatic Factors;*Daylight; *School Buildings; Solar Radiation;*Thermal Environment*Asia

ABSTRACT .

This publication provides aata on the anglesgoverning the design of sunshading devices for educational buildingsin the countries of the Asian region and gives examples of the waysin which these data can be used. Different methods of excludingdirect sunlight from teaching spaces are illustrated in a series ofdiagrams that show exclusion by roof overhang, louvres, adjustableshutters, and grills. Sunshading diagrams for latitudes 32 degreesNorth to 10 degrees South give the angle of the sun for a variety ofbuilding orientations. These angles can be used without furthercalculation to determine the projection of a sunshade that willexclude sun from the opening it protects. (Author /NLF)

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ON (LAWN

SUN SHADING DIAGRAMS

FOR SCHOOL BUILDINGS

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EDUCATIONAL BUILDING REPORT 2UNESCO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR EDUCATION IN ASIAP.O. BOX 1425, BANGKRK

.1

THE DESIGN on the cover derives from a cube, lit froma point source. The sides in shade and In light, as wellas the cast shadows, are determined by projection, thelines of which form part of the design.

Any material appearing in this Report may be reprinted.The credit line should read "Reprinted from EducationalBuilding Report Number 2 of the Unesco Regional Office forEducation in. Asia" specifying the date of issue. Threevoucher copies should be sent to the Director, Unesco RegionalOffice for Education in Asia, P.O. Box 1425, Bangkok, Thailand.

CO Unesco 1974

Mooij, D.

Sunshading diagrams for school buildings.Bangkok, Unesco Regional Office for Educationin Asia, 1974. 30 p.

(Educational Building Report 2)

1. SCHOOL BUILDINGS - SUN-CONTROL.2. BUILDINGS - DESIGNS AND PLANS. I. UnescoRegional Office for Education in Asia, Bangkok.II. Series.

SfB (35)UDC 69.028.3

Dewey 727 0Unesco Regional Office for Education in Asia

Datakarn Building, 920 Sukhumvit RoadP.O. Box 1425

Bangkok, Thailand

BK3 /74/RHM/30 -2200

EDUCATIONAL BUILDING REPORT

SUN SHADING DIAGRAMS

FOR SCHOOL BUILDINGS

Prepared byD. 11400IJ

UNESCO REGIONAL OFFICE FOR EDUCATION IN ASIA

BANGKOK4

CONTENTS

Page

Summary . . . . 6 6 6 5

Introduction 4 6 6 7

Sunshading deviCes , some considerations 8

Scope . . . . 13

The sunpath . . . 15

The sunshading diagrams explained . 16

Examples . 1 7

The surshading diagrams for latitudes 32° N..:to 10° S . . 19

References . 30

5

SUMMARY

This publication provides data on the angles governing the design of sun-shading. devices for educational buildings in the countries of the Asian regionand gives examples of the ways in which these data can be used. Differentmethods of excluding direct sunlight from teaching spaces are illustrated in aseries of diagrams which show exclusion by roof overhang, louvres, adjustableshutters and grills. Planting of suitable shade trees is also recommended as away of reducing solar heat.

Of course, a good way of keeping the cost of sunshades as well as solarheat load to a minimum is to orientate the building with its longitudinal axiseast-west. This orientation may, however, sometimes conflict with the needin the humid tropics to face the building towards the prevailing breezes so thatthe occupants receive adequate ventilation for cooling. In such cases a compro-mise orientation must be sought. In the hotter and drier areas of the Asianregion, smaller windows, normally provided to reduce heat gain, also makesunshading problems easier to solve.

The sunshading diagrams for latitudes 32° N to 10° S, to be found at theend of the publication, give the angle of the sun with the ground at right anglesto the face of the building for a variety of building orientations. These anglescan, as is shown in the examples, be used directly and without further calcula-tion, to determine the projection of a sunshade which will exclude sun from theopening it protects.

SOMMAIRE

Cette publication fournit des donnees chiffrees concernant les angles etinclinaisons a donner aux dispositifs parc-soleil des ecoles d'Asie, einsi quedivers exemples de la fawn d'utiliser ces donnees. Une serie de diagrammesmontrent diverses methodes de proteger les classes du rayonnement solairedirect : toits debordants jalousies, persiennes reglEibles et claustras. Onrecommande aussi de planter des arbres appropries afin de rafratchirl'atmosphere.

Assurement, un excellent moyen de minimiser tant le coat de ces dis-positifs que l'echauffement d0 au rayonnement solaire consiste a orienter lesbatiments selon un axe est-ouest. Cependant, cette orientation peut parfoisetre incompatible avec la necessite, dans les regions tropicales humides, deconstruire les facades perpendiculairement a la direction des vents dominantsafin d'assurer aux occupants une traicheur suffisante par ventilation naturelle.En pareil cas, ii Taut rechercher le meilleur compromis. Dans les pays plus

56

chauds et plus secs d'Asie, la protection contre le rayonnement solaire estfacilitie grace aux faibles dimensions des fenetres, traditionnellement reduitespour limiter rechauffement des locaux.

Les diagrammes valables pour les latitudes comprises entre 320 N et10° S, qu'on trouvera a la fin de l'ouvrage, indiquent la hauteur du soleil a'i-dessus de l'horizon, mesuree perpendiculairement a la façade pour diversesorientations de l'edifice. Comme be montrent les exemples donnas, on peututiliser ces valeurs angulaires directement et sans autre calcul pour deter-miner la projection d'un parc-soleil protegeant completeinent l'ouverture surlaquelle it est place.

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6

INTRODUCTIONBEST COPY AVAILABLE

In most countries of the Asian region,' exclusion of direct sunshine fromthe school building is an important step toward a thermally and visually com-fortable environment for pupils and teachers, as direct sunshine admitted to thebuilding through windows and other openings will produce heat and glare (Plate 1).

SHINE

1

Plate 1

GLARE

s,

.J

AT

It is surprising how few buildings in the tropics are effectively shadedagainst the sun, despite the availability of excellent shadow angle protractorsfor the determination of horizontal and vertical sun/angles at any time of theday and for any day of the year. 2 The use of these protractors is recommendedin the more complex cases. This publication provides information for most ofthe common cases and offers a method by which the designer's task is madesimpler and less time consuming.

1. In t!-.e mountainous areas of some countries such as in the Republic ofAfghanistan, India, Iran, Republic of Korea, Nepal and Pakistan,the exclusion of direct sunshine is important in the summer monthsbut, in the winter, sunshine in the teaching spaces provides animportant source of heat to supplement that of the classroom stove.

2, See references 1-6 (page 30),

78

SUNSHAD1NG DEVICES SOME CONSIDERATIONS

1. Early consideration of the solar problem

It is important that sunshading calculations be made early in the designstage as, at this stage, the orientation, the type of construction, the lay-out,and the cost of construction of the building can still be adjusted.

2. Various types of sunshading devices

a) The roof overhang - for high sun ( Figure 1)

Figure I.

b) The roof overhang with additional horizontal louvres - for low sun( Figure 2 )

Figure 2.

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111111111

c) The roof overhang with small, high-level windows - for low sun (Figure 3)

VENTILATION

Figure 3.

8

d) Sunshading devices just above the window - for low sun ( Figure 4 ).For heat reflection see para. 6, p. 11; for sound reflection seepara. 7, p. 12.

*110

Figure 4.

e) Louvre-type, adjustable shutters ( Figure 5 )

- can be adjusted to almost any sun-angle

- can be adjusted to illumination requirements ( see para. 5, p. 11)

- can be closed against rain, dust and illegal entry

- for effective sunshading, shutters should be almost continuousalong the length of the building ( Figure 14 ).

Figure 5.

f) Fixed louvres, grills etc, in brick, timber, concrete blocks etc.( Figure 6 )

- inexpensive

- reasonable illumination possible

- good ventilation

- no illegal entry

(but - some rain, ordust may penetrate)..

Figure 6

9

g) Shading by environment, e. g. building and trees ( Figure 7 ).

Figure 7.

3. Orientation, prevailing wind direction, limited site and sunshading

A good orientation of the building for economic sunshading, is with itslongitudinal axis east -west, or with the window-walls facing north andsouth. For a comfortable thermal environment in the hot humid tropics,however, there is another consideration. Maximum ventilation will beobtained when the window-wall faces the prevailing wind direction ( theprevailing wind in the hot season is of especial importance). The prevail-ing wind direction may result in a different orientation of the building fromthat most suitable for economic sunshading (i.e. major axis east-west).A compromise solution will give the most comfortable results. ( Figure 8)A small site may impose other limitations for, orientation. Adaptation ofsunshades will then be necessary. In many countries standard schoolbuilding designs with standard sunshades are used. However, prevailingwind directions in the hot season, may be different for different locationsin a country. Small sites, coupled with limited understanding of aunshadingon the part of the construction supervisor, or unreasonable prejudices suchas, those requiring 'buildings to be parallel to the road', may be reasonsfor a different orientation than was anticipated in the design of the standardschool building.

REST ORIENTATION

FOR SWIMMING

Flom A.

PREVAILING

WIND DIRECTION

REST ORIENTATIONFOR MAXIMUM'VENTILATION

PREVAILING

WIND DIRECTION

COMPROMISE

ORIENTATION

The lack of firm directives for orientation of the schoolbuilding is one of the main'.reasons for the ineffectiveness of costly sun-shading devices in a great number of school buildings. All drawings forschools in the tropics should have the required orientation very clearlymarked on them.

4. Driving rain, dust, illegal entry

Louvres and adjustable shutters are effective sunshading devices, and theyalso can be closed in times of rain- and dust-ptorms. The illuminationlevel will drop considerably, however, when shutters are closed (shutterscan also prevent vandals from entering the building through the windows).The orientation of the building at which the windows face the prevailing winddirection in the rainy or dusty season might thus be one to be avoided.

5. The minimum window surface

As windows and sunshading devices are usually expensive, careful consider-ation should be given to the minimum surface of the window required toprovide :

a) The required illumination level * (white-washing of walls, ceilings andshutters is an inexpensive means of increasing the illumination level).

b) Required airspeed (ventilation) at body level (special ventilationopenings at body level will improve thermal comfort).

6. Heat reflection

Solid sunshades are likely to reflect radiant heat int., the building.This can be avoided by using louvred sunshading, as shown con. parativelyin Figures 9 and 10 (on page 12).

* See references 7-12 (page 30).

Fig. 10

SOLID SUNSNADING DEVICE

AND PAVING REFLECT RADIANT

HEAT INTO THE BUILDING.

LOUVRED SUNSNADING DEVICEAND VEGETATION REFLECT

RAD&.NT NEAT AWAY FROM

THE BUILDING,. OR ABSORB IT,

7. Sound reflection

Solid sunshades also may reflect sound into the building (Figure 11).This can also be avoided with the same louvred sunshades, as shown inFigure 12.

Fit 11

MOST SOUND IS REFLECTEDINA THE BUILDING.

MOST SOUND IS REFLECTEDAWAY FmOM THE BUILDING.

8. Reducing heat load on tea spaces by planning

Spaces which people do not frequently use should be located on east andwest walls, where they will have a heat insulating function (Figure 13).

WEST

11LOW

HOTSUN

PM

Figure 13.

dirmrs Boemum

STORE ROOM, STAIRCASE ETC,ACT AS INSULATOR.

12

13

EAST

LOWHOTSUN

AM

SCOPE

The scope of this publication is limited to the

1: Only vertical, projected sun-angles are given (s

2. Only continuous, horizontally directed sunshades.(Figure 14).

3, For a totally effective sunshade, end walls shouldthe sunshade (Figures 14 and 15).

BEST CCPY AVAILABLE

following conditions

ee explanation, p. 16 ).

can be determined

be extended fully under

CONTINUOUSHORIZONTALLYDIRECTED

UNMADE

TOTALLY

EFFECTIVESHADEOVER ALLWINDOWS

EXTENDED

END WALL

TOTALLYEFFECTIVESHADE OVERALL WINDOWS

Figure 14.

EXTENDEDWINDOWLESS WALL END WALL

XTENDED END WALL

OF1/411Figure 15.

EXTENDEDEND WALL(E G. OPENSHUTTER)

If extension of end walls is impossible, undesired or unnecessary, as forexample in Figures 13 and 16, where the sunshade extends beyond the windows,one of the references * should be consulted to design the sunshade.


13

14

4. The data given can be used to design sunshades to exclude sunshine duringthe school day (8.00 a.m. - 4.00 p.m.). Before 8. 00 a.m. and after4. 00 p.m. , direct sunshine may penetrate into the building. Direct sun-shine at, say, 7.00 a.m. will not be disastrous, as the sun is low and itwill still be cool. Direct sunshine at 5.00 p. m, in the case of a double-shift school however, could be troublesome. In this case again, references*should be consulted to design the sunshading devices.

5. The data given can be used for the countries of the Asian region which liebetween the latitudes 10° south and 32° north. For higher and lower latitudes,references * should be consulted to design the sunshading devices.

6. The sun-angles are given for the even latitudes only. Interpolation givessufficiently accurate sun-angles for odd latitudes.

7. The sun-angles are given for orientations of the longitudinal axis of thebuilding E-W, NE-SW, NW-SE, WSW-ENE and WNW-ESE. Interpolation'will give the sun-angles for other orientations,

THE SUNPATH

SUNPATH22 DEC

SUNSET

Figure 17,

SUNSET

Direct .sunshine should be kept out of the building during the school day,wt. ch has been assumed to start at 8. 00 a. m. and to finish at 4. 00 p. m. If thesunshades are designed to exclude the sun on 22 June and December, during theschool day, then they should be large enough to exclude sun during all otherschool days of the year (Figure 17). Two angles may thus be of consequence,V and H. The horizontal angle H is only of importance in complex cases,however, and will not be considered here. If this angle is significant, one ofthe references * should be consulted.


156

THE SUNSHADING DIAGRAMS EXPLAINED

For the sunshading diagrams, see pages 19 through 29. The firstcolumn of the diagrams refers to the orientation of the building. For quickdetermination cf the extent of sunshading required to keep the sun out of thebuilding during the critical hours between 8. 00 a. m. and 4. 00 p. m. , the actualvertical sun - angles ( V1), have been projected on to a plane, section A-B,perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the building ( V2) (Figures 17, 18and 19).

PLANE OF SECTION A. B(PERPENDICULAR TO THELONGITUDINAL AX I S OF

THE BUILDING

PROJECTED

SUN RAY

SECTION

60 60"

I I ."LONOITUDINAL

AXIS OF THE .

BUILDING

Figure le.

WINDOW WALL

ACTUAL VERTICALSUN-ANGLE ( )

PROJECTEDVERTICALSUN-ANGLE (V2 )

The projected vertical sun-angles V2 given in the columns 2 and 3 of thesunshading diagrams for the critical hours and dates ; for the different orienta-tions of the longitudinal axis of the building, and thus for different orientationsof the section A-B, can directly be utilized for the determination of the extendof sunshade required (Figure 19).

REQUIRED

UNSMADE

VERTICAL

PROJECTEDCRITICAL

SUN-ANGLE v

111 1111

11 AIPROJECTED,CRITCAL

VERTICAL SUN410LE V2

EXTENDEDEND WALL

Figure SECTION Al

16

EXTENDEDEND WALL

EXAMPLES EST COPY AVAILABLE

1. Required. To determine the orientation and the extent of sunshadingrequired for the building shown in Figure 20.

Figure 20

Conditions. Hot humid climate. Latitude 13° N.Prevailing wind direction in hot season SW.

Possible solution. Orientation, see Figure 21.

C RCR C R

BEST ORIENTATIONFOR SUNSMADING

Figure 21

'AST ORIENTATIONFOR VENTILATION

WNW

2230

COMPROMISE

ORIENTATION

ESE

Interpolation between 12°N and 14°N for the orientation WNW-ESE givesthe required critical angles (Figure 22).

END WALL.

EXTENDED

Figure 22,

17

END WALLEXTENDED

2. Required. To determine the orientation of the building and the extent ofsunshading required, for the building shown in Figure 23.There should be xi') heat radiation and as little ao possible noisereflection into the building. Thermal comfort should be im-proved by natural ventilation. .

,30 IMI.130 M3

CORRIDOR CLASSROOM

Fit 23

=11142LNOSY ROAD

Conditions. Latitude 2° S. Hot humid climate. Prevailing wind directionduring hot season SE.

Possible solution. See Figures 24 and 25.

NW

WSW

PREVAILING WIND DIRECTIONIN RAINY SEASON

_I\ ENE

Figure 24.

FIXED LOUVRES

33

NOISYROAD

FRIVOLING WIND DIRECTIONIN NOT SEASON

SE

FIXED LOUVRED

SUNSHADEftipmemmem....MW.NNWOMME.00

VENTILATION

VENTLATION191111,RASS

NNWNO HEAT RADIATION

Figure 25.

SSE EXTENDED END WALL

NO HEAT RADIATION ANDMOST SOUND IS REFLECTEDAWAY FROM BUILDING

18

19

SUN SHADING DIAGRAM

CRITICAL VERTICAL SUN ANGLES BEST COPY AVAILABLE

DURING THE SCHOOL DAY 8 AM - 4PM

PROJECTED ON THE PLANE OF SECTION A- B

ORIENTATION

LATITUDE 32° N LATITUDE 30° N

SECTION A- B SECTION A - B

JUNE DEC8AMAPM SAM /4PM

60'

N WALL

17°

S WALL

JUNE DEC

6AM/4PM SAM / 4PM

79.

N WALL

194

S WALL

N NE JUNE

4 PM

N W WALL

DEC.

6 AM

S E

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JUNE DEC

4PM II API

N W WALL

2'

S E WALL

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JUNE

4PM

Sr

DEC.

SAM

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JUNE DEC

4PM 6A'4

55.

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JUNE

6 AM

DEC.

4PM

N E WALL S W WALL

J UNE DEC.

641 4PM

NNE WALL SS W WALL

JUNE

ti AM

3.

SSE WALL

DEC

4 PM

N E WALL S W WALL

JUNE DEC

SAM 4PM

55.

NNE WALL

1920

S S W WALL

BEST COPY AVAILABLE

SUN SHADING DIAGR AM

CRITICAL VERTICAL SUN ANGLES

DURING THE SCHOOL DAY 8AM - 4PM


ORIENTATION

LATITUDE 28° N LATITUDE 26° N

SECTION A B

Si

N NE

JUNE6AM /4PM

SECTION A - B

DEC

SAM/4PM

JUNE

8AM /4PM

DEC

SAN / 4 PM

N WALL

JUNE

4PM

S WALL

DEC

AM

N W WALL S E WALL

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N W ENE

WSWSSE

JUNE

4PM

546

DEC.

8AM

NNW WALL

N1 JUNE

8AM

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DEC.

6 PM

N W WALL

JUNE

4 PM

536

NNW WALL

JUNE

9 AM

41'

N E WALL

JUNE

6 AM

N E WALL

WNW NNE

S S W

JUNE

8AM

S W WALL

DEC.

4PM

NNE WALLVIEN1111111111M.

20

SSW WAL L

S E WALL

DEC

8 Am

6'

SSE WALL

DEC

4 144

S W

NNE WALL

DEC

4

16'

S S V. WA LL

SUN SHADING DIAGRAM

CRITICAL VERTICAL SUN ANGLESBEST COPY AVAILABLEDURING THE SCHOOL DAY BAM - 4PM


ORIENTATION

LATITUDE 240 N LATITUDE 22° N


4.,.......... E

N WALL S WALL

JUNE

6AM/4PMDEC

SAN / 4PM

N WALL S WALL

JUNE

4PMDEC.

S AM

JUNE

4 PM

DEC

S All

N W WALL SE WALL

SSE

JUNE

4PM

Sla

DEC.

6A M

NNW WALL

JUNE

6 AM

SSE WALL

DE:4 PM

N E WALL

JUNE

SAM

51'

NNE WALL

S W WALL

DEC.

4PM

SS W WALL

P41 W WALL S E WALL

NNW WALL

JUNE

9 AM

394

N E WALL

JUNE

$ AM

so'

SSE WALL

DEC

P14

S V, WA....L

DEC

4 3M

19'

NNE WALL S S W WALL

21

22

BEST COPY AVAILABLE

IDSUN SHADING DIAGRAM


DURING THE SCHOOL DAY BAM - 4PM


ORIENTATION

LATITUDE 20°N LATITUDE 18°N

SECTION B SECTION A B

E

N WALL S WALL

JUNE

BAN/4PMDEC

SAM 14 PM

N WALL S WALL

N NE JUNE

4PM

38'

DEC

AM

1

N W WAU. S E WALL

JUNE

4 PM

DEC

At

NT

SSE

JUNE

4PM

49'

DEC. JUNE

SAM 4PM

21

DEC.

8 A.!

47'

NNW WALL SSE WALL NNW WALL

JUNE DEC. JUNE

AM 4PM SAM

NN36'

N E WALL

18'

S W WALL

37'

N E WALL

SSE WA LL

DEC

4 P11

S V,

S S W

JUNE

SAM

49'

NNE WALL

DEC

4PM

JUNE DE C

SAM 4'M

474

SSW WALL NNE WALL S S W WALL

2

3

SUN SHADING DIAGRAM

CRITICAL VERTICAL SUN ANGLES BEST COPY AVAILABLEDURING THE SCHOOL DAY BAM - 4PM


ORIENTATION

LATITUDE 16°N LATITUDE 14° N

SECTION A - B SECTION A - B

ow9,44.7"*07419kr147^rr

N NE JUNE

4PM

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DEC.

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JUNE

BAN /4PMDEC

SAM / 4PM

63'

N WALL

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36'

N W WALL

JUNE

4 PM

S WALL

DEC

11 API

S E WALL

DEC..

6

N E WALL

NNW WALL

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N E WALL

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SSE WALL

DEC

4 PI4

DEC.

4PM

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2324

riBEST COPY AVAILABLE

gio SUN SHADING DIAGRAM




ORIENTATION

LATITUDE 12°N

SECTION A B

lappilTINIMINrIrrrr

it 4. .;.eA A

NW

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SE45°

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JUNE8 AM /4PM

DEC

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N WALL

JUNE

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S WALL

JUNE DEC

SAM /4PM SAM ./ 4 PM

59' 39°

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DEC. JUNE DEC

5 AM 4PM 5 MI

22'

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SSE

JUNE

4PM

DEC.

SAM

34°

N W WALL

JUNE

4 PM

23°

S E WALL

43' 27'

NNW WALL SSE WALL. NNW WALL

DEC

AN

284

SSE WALL

JUNE

SAM

354

N E WALL

DEC. JUNE

4PM S AM

22' 34'

S W WALL N E WALL

DEC

4 Pit

S 14.

JUNE DEC. JUNE

SAM 4PM SAM

436

DEC

4 'PA

7. 42'

NNE WALL SSW WAIL NNE WALL 5 S V,' WALL

. SUN SHADING DIAGRAM

CRITICAL VERTICAL SUN ANGLES BEST COPYDURING THE SCHOOL DAY 8AM - 4PM

PROJECTED ON THE PLANE OF SECTION

AVAILABLE

A- B

.6° NORIENTATION

LATITUDE 8° N LATITUDE


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DURING THE SCHOOL DAY

PROJECTED ON THE PLANE,...

LATITUDE 4° N

8AM- 4PM

OF SECTION .A- B

LATITUDE 2°N1RIENTATION


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N WALL S WALL N WALL S MALL

SW

N t

NW

SE

NE JUNE

4PM

31'

,..

DEC

SAM

26"

JUNE

4PM

30' i::::::

DEC

6 Ar

.------.--?---

a*

N W WALL S E WALL N W WALL S E WALL

..........0E

WSW

N w

E

ENE

JUNE

4PM

38'

..

;:...

DEC.

SAM

32'

JUNE

4PM

36. ..

DEC...

SA .!

33'

SSENNW WALL SSE WALL NNW WALL SSE WALL

W

NI

NE

.5' NJUNE

SAM

',N,-.,

31'

DEC.

4PM

26

JUNE

SAM

30.

DEL

4 Pt;

.-----

----26'

E WALL S W WALL N E WALL S W WALL

N E

2'30 E

JUNE

SAM

38' d..

DEC.

4PM

32'

JUNE

SAM

36'ak. ...*

DEC.

4 2M

,V7,--

33'

S S W

4,..........NNE WALL SS W WALL NNE WALL S S W WALL

..........mo

26

SUN SHADING DIAGRAM

CRITICAL VERTICAL SUN ANGLES BESTCOPY AVAILABLE

DURING THE SCHOOL DAY B AM - 4PM


NTATION

LATITUDE os LATITUDE 2°S

SECTION A - B

N JUNE8AM /4PM

ti

49'

N WALL

DEC.

SAM/4PM

496

S WALL

SECTION A - B

JUNE DEC

SAM/4PM SAM 4PM

/.\47' 51'

N WALL S MALL

SW

NE JUNE

4PM

29'

NW WALL

N W ENE

WSWSSE

JUNE

4PM

35'

DEC.

AM

29'

S E WALL

DEC.

SAM

NNW WALL

NI' JUNE

8 AM

29'

SSE WALL

DEC

4PM

N E WALL

29'

S W WALL

JUNE

44DE C

4PM

NNE WALL SSW WALL

JUNE DEC

4 PM 8 AN

28'

N W WALL

JUNE

4 PM

33'

NNW WALL

JUNE

9 AM

28'

14 E WALL

JUNE

I) AM

306

S E WALL

DEC.

A4

36'

SSE WALL

DEC

4 PH

30'

S W WALL

DEC

4 PM

27,,,

1111EST COPY AVAILABLESUN SHADING DIAGRAM




ORIENTATION

LATITUDE 4°S

SECTION A- B1011For

LATITUDE 6°S

SECTION A - B

JUNE DEC.

SAM / 4PM 8AM/4PM

45'

N WALL

53.

S WALL

JUNE

SAM/4PMDEC

BAN 4 PM

N WALL

N NE JUNE

4 PM

N W ENE

WSWSSE

27'

N W WALL

JUNE

4PM

32'"

NNW WALL

DEC

5 AM

31'

S E WALL

DEC

A M

37'

SSE WALT.

JUNE

4 PM

DEC

AI'

26' 32'

N W WALL S E WALL

JUNE DEC.

4PM SA)

NNW WALL

394

SSE WALL

NI' JUNE DEC.

8 AM 4PM

27'

N E WALL

31'

JUNE

6 AM

32'

NNE WALL

S W WALL

DEC.

4PM

31'

SSW WALL

JUNE DEC

9 AM 4 1311

26'

N E WALL S V, WALL

JUNE

B AM

DEC

4 0M

NNE WALL S S W WALL

28 29

SUN SHADING DIAGRAM

CRITICAL VERTICAL SUN ANGLES BEST COPY AVAILABLEDURING THE SCHOOL DAY B AM - GPM

PROJECTED ON ThIE PLANE OF SECTION A- B

)RIENTATION

LATITUDE 8°5 LATITUDE 100S

SEC TION A ..

1.......B SECTION A - B

JUNE

SAM/4PM

41'N

DEC

SAM14 PM

Sis

JUNE

SAM /4PM

396

DEC

8 / 4 PM

59.

.. .

S 1

N WALL S WALL N WALL S WALL

SW

t'l V4

SE5 '

NE JUNE

4PM

25'

DEC.

8 AM

"

V

JUNE

4PM

246

DEC

8 AM

rr346

N W WAU. S E WALL N W WALL S E WALLE

WSW

N

N w ENE

E

JUNE

4PM

29'

DEC

SA M

40'

JUNE

4PM

'%"`,....,,,,

2 .

DEC

8 AM

iSSE

NNW WALL SSE WALL NNW WALL SSE WALL

N

W

NI'

NE

SSi

JUNE

8 AM

25'

DEC.

4PM

33'

JUNE

e AM

24' ...X'

OEC

4PM

3:'

N E WALL S W WALL N E WALL S W WALL

w NNE

2'30

JUNE

SAM

29. ''''11... A

DEC

4PM

40'

JUNE

S AM

N.,..,,,,..

294

ADEC.

4PM

//

41e

S S W NNE WALL 55 H. WALL NNE WALL S S W WALL

29 .00

REFERENCES

1. Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, India. Climatological andsolar data for India ; to design buildings for thermal comfort, preparedby T.N. Seshadri and others, revised by M. R. Sharma and SharafatAli. 2d rev. ed. Meerut, Sarita Prakashan, 1968,

2. Solar charts and shadow angle protractors for daylight pl; nning presentedwith Hope's Sunbreaker cat.logue no. 374. London, Henry Hope andSons Ltd. , 1964. (List No. 374A ; 32 0N - 28 0 5)

3. Page, J. K. The use of solar charts for handling shading problems ofbuildings (00 - 18 °). Watford, England, Building Research Station,1957.

4, Olgyay, A. and V. Olgyay. Solar control and shading devices (24° - 52°).Princeton, N. J. , Princeton University Press, 1957.

5. White, B.G. Aids to the design of shading devices for latitude 4°N - 12°N.West African Building Research Institute /1962/ (Note No. 6).

6. Richards, S. J. Solar charts for the e :sign of sunlight and shade forbuilding in Africa /1951/

7. Asian Regional Institute for School Building Research, Colombo. SchoolBuilding Digests :

No. 15 Design for daylight in schools ; Sri Lanka

No. 16

No. 17

No. 18

No. 19

No. 20

It

I I

I I

I

ti

I

China, Rep. of

Hong Kong

Indonesia

Philippines

Singapore

DOCUMENT RESUME ED 101 445 Mooij, D. TITLE Sun Shading ...DOCUMENT RESUME. EA 006 722. Mooij, D. Sun Shading Diagrams for School Buildings. Educational Building Report 2. United Nations

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