DO NOW: LIST THE FIRST FIVE WORDS THAT COME TO MIND WHEN YOU THINK OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. NO SLANG PLEASE!

DO NOW:

LIST THE FIRST FIVE WORDS THAT COME TO MIND WHEN YOU THINK OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.

NO SLANG PLEASE!

• The ultimate goal of the reproductive process is the formation and union of egg and sperm, development of the fetus, and birth of the infant.

Sperm

Head

Tail

Nucleus

• Their main functions are the production of sperm—the male sex cells—and their delivery to the female.

• The male sex organs are known as the male gonads.

Human Male AnatomyHuman Male Anatomy

W: Acrosome (cap)X: HeadY: Midpiece (mitochondria)Z: Tail

BASIC ANATOMY.

A: Bulbourethral glandB: ProstateC: AnusD: UreterE: RectumF: Coccyx (Tailbone)G: Seminal Vesicle H: Sacrum

EpididymisScrotum

TestesPenis

Urethra

Vas Deferens

BASIC ANATOMY.

• Sperm production takes place in the testes, which are located in the scrotum.

• The scrotum is a sac that contains the testes

TestisScrotum

Where sperm formWhere sperm form

TestisScrotum

• Because sperm can only develop in an environment with a temperature about 2–3°C lower than normal body temperature, the scrotum is positioned outside the abdomen.

Where sperm formWhere sperm form

• Within each testis is a fine network of highly coiled tubes called the Seminiferous tubules

Where sperm formWhere sperm form

• Sperm are produced by meiosis of the cells that line these tubes.

• When a single cell in the testis divides by meiosis, it produces four haploid cells.

• All four of these cells develop into mature sperm over a period of about 74 days.

• A sperm is highly adapted for reaching and entering the female egg.

Where sperm formWhere sperm form

• The head portion of a sperm contains the nucleus and is covered by a cap containing enzymes that help get into the egg.

• Tons of mitochondria are found in the mid-piece of the sperm; they make energy for locomotion (moving)

Where sperm formWhere sperm form

• The tail is a typical flagellum that propels the sperm along its way.

Headm)

Midpiecem)Fibrous sheath of flagellum

Tailm)Mitochondrial spiral

NucleusCap

Sperm can survive outside of the body for no more than about an hour. In general, if the semen is still wet it may well have live sperm.

Once sperm enter the female body, however, their lifespan increases. Inside the vagina, sperm can only survive for about six hours.

Sperm may survive in the female reproductive system (fallopian tubes) for as long as 7 days, This means that fertilization can up to a full week after the sperm enters the body

Epididymis

How sperm leave the testesHow sperm leave the testes

• Before the sperm mature, they move out of the testes through a series of coiled ducts that empty into a single tube called the epididymis.

• When sperm are released from the epididymis, they enter the vas deferens, where they are stored for as long as two or three months until they are released from the body.

How sperm leave the testesHow sperm leave the testes

Vas deferens

Testis

Urethra

PenisSperm-producingtubes

BladderVas deferens

Seminalvesicle

Prostategland

Bulbourethralgland

Epididymis

How sperm leave the testesHow sperm leave the testes

• The urethra is a tube in the penis that transports sperm out of the male’s body.

• The urethra also transports urine from the urinary bladder.

Testis

Urethra

PenisSperm-producingtubes

BladderVas deferens

Seminalvesicle

Prostategland

Bulbourethralgland

Epididymis

How sperm leave the testesHow sperm leave the testes

• A muscle located at the base of the bladder prevents urine and sperm from mixing.

• The seminal vesicles are a pair of glands located at the base of the urinary bladder. They secrete a mucous-like fluid into the vas deferens.

Fluids that help transport spermFluids that help transport sperm

Sperm duct

Penis

UrethraTestis

ScrotumEpididymis

Prostategland

Bladder

Seminalvesicle

Fluids that help transport spermFluids that help transport sperm

Sperm duct

Penis

UrethraTestis

ScrotumEpididymis

Prostategland

Bladder

Seminalvesicle • This fluid is rich

in the sugar fructose, which provides energy for the sperm cells.

• The prostate gland is a single, doughnut-shaped structure found below the urinary bladder and surrounds the top portion of the urethra.

• The prostate secretes a thinner fluid that helps sperm move and survive.

Prostate gland

Fluids that help transport spermFluids that help transport sperm

Prostate gland

Bulbourethralgland

• Two tiny bulbourethral (bul boh yoo REE thrul) glands are located beneath the prostate.

Fluids that help transport spermFluids that help transport sperm

Prostate gland

Bulbourethralgland

• These glands secrete a clear, sticky fluid that protects sperm from the acidic environment of the male urethra and female vagina.

• The combination of sperm and all of these fluids is called semen.

Fluids that help transport spermFluids that help transport sperm

Hormones and male pubertyHormones and male puberty

• Puberty refers to the time when secondary sex characteristics begin to develop so that sexual maturity—the ability for sexual reproduction—is reached.

• The changes associated with puberty are controlled by sex hormones secreted by the endocrine system.

• Hormones control the development and activity of the male reproductive system.

Hormones and the male reproductive systemHormones and the male reproductive system

• Testosterone, produced in the testes, is the steroid hormone responsible for the growth and development of secondary sex characteristics in a male.

• Secondary Sex Characteristics: Growth of body hair, facial hair, increased muscle growth, deepening of the voice, increased release of oil and sweat