Do Now Do Now : : Fill in the table below Fill in the table below 0 0 -1 -1 Outside Outside of of nucleus nucleus (electron (electron cloud) cloud) Electron 1 1 0 0 In In nucleus nucleus Neutron 1 1 +1 +1 In In nucleus nucleus Proton MASS (amu) RELATIVE CHARGE LOCATION (in the atom) SUBATOMIC PARTICLE
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Do Now: Fill in the table below 0 Outside of nucleus (electron cloud) Electron 10 In nucleus Neutron 1+1 In nucleus Proton MASS (amu) RELATIVE CHARGE LOCATION.
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Do NowDo Now: : Fill in the table belowFill in the table below
““Do what others won’t to achieve what Do what others won’t to achieve what others don’t” – anonymousothers don’t” – anonymous
DO NOW: In your notes, answer: “What DO NOW: In your notes, answer: “What does the atomic number of an element does the atomic number of an element represent?”represent?”
2.2.Check-in with the class (spokespersons Check-in with the class (spokespersons be ready to share your group’s answers)be ready to share your group’s answers)
3.3.Start Isotopes POGILStart Isotopes POGIL
YOUR REVIEW OF LIT FOR SCIENCE FAIR YOUR REVIEW OF LIT FOR SCIENCE FAIR IS DUE NEXT WEDNESDAY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!IS DUE NEXT WEDNESDAY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Interpretation of a Chemical FormulaInterpretation of a Chemical FormulaSulfuric Acid
H2SO4
Two atomsTwo atomsof hydrogenof hydrogen
One atom One atom of sulfurof sulfur
Four atoms Four atoms of oxygenof oxygen
HH
O
S
OO
O
Models of the AtomModels of the Atom
Dalton’s model (1803)
Thomson’s plum-pudding model (1897)
Rutherford’s model (1909)
Bohr’s model (1913)
Charge-cloud model (present)
Dorin, Demmin, Gabel, Chemistry The Study of Matter , 3rd Edition, 1990, page 125
1803 John Dalton pictures atoms astiny, indestructible particles, with no internal structure.
1897 J.J. Thomson, a Britishscientist, discovers the electron,leading to his "plum-pudding" model. He pictures electronsembedded in a sphere ofpositive electric charge.
1904 Hantaro Nagaoka, aJapanese physicist, suggests that an atom has a centralnucleus. Electrons move in orbits like the rings around Saturn.
1911 New Zealander Ernest Rutherford statesthat an atom has a dense,positively charged nucleus. Electrons move randomly in the space around the nucleus.
1913 In Niels Bohr'smodel, the electrons move in spherical orbits at fixed distances from the nucleus.
1924 Frenchman Louis de Broglie proposes thatmoving particles like electronshave some properties of waves. Within a few years evidence is collected to support his idea.
1926 Erwin Schrodinger develops mathematicalequations to describe the motion of electrons in atoms. His work leads to the electron cloud model.
1932 James Chadwick, a British physicist, confirms the existence of neutrons, which have no charge. Atomic nuclei contain neutrons and positively charged protons.
The 3 Isotopes of Beanium represent The 3 Isotopes of Beanium represent the SAME ELEMENT. They are exactly the SAME ELEMENT. They are exactly the same except for the number of the same except for the number of neutrons!neutrons!
Let’s compare our model (Beans) to a Let’s compare our model (Beans) to a real element (Carbon)real element (Carbon)
Carbon-12 and Carbon-Carbon-12 and Carbon-1414
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Nucleus
Electrons
Carbon-12
Neutrons 6Protons 6Electrons 6
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Carbon-14
Neutrons 8Protons 6Electrons 6
Nucleus
Electrons
Atomic # C126
Mass #Carbon-12Carbon-12
Atomic # C146
Mass #Carbon-14Carbon-14
Beanium LabBeanium Lab
Let’s do the last problem together.Let’s do the last problem together.
Who wants to share their data?Who wants to share their data?
IONSIONS Ions are atoms that have lost or Ions are atoms that have lost or
gained electrons.gained electrons.
An atom that loses an electron An atom that loses an electron becomes a positive ion becomes a positive ion (CATION)(CATION)
An atom that gains an electron An atom that gains an electron becomes a negative ion becomes a negative ion (ANION)(ANION)
EXAMPLES OF IONSEXAMPLES OF IONS
1.1. A magnesium atom loses two eA magnesium atom loses two e- -
and becomes… and becomes…
2.2. A chlorine atom loses two eA chlorine atom loses two e- - and and becomes… becomes…
3.3. When these two ions bond, what When these two ions bond, what compound is formed?compound is formed?