Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012 DNA Synthesis (Replication) 1.Helicase – Separates parental DNA strands (unwind double helix) 2.ssB (single-stranded Binding) proteins – Prevents single strands from re-associating 3.RNA Primase – Synthesizes RNA primers, required to initiate DNA nucleotide insertion 4.DNA Polymerase III – Responsible for synthesis of lagging strand & leading strand 5.DNA Pol I – Removes RNA primers & Fills lagging strand gaps (Exonuclease Activity) 6.DNA Ligase – Forms Phosphodiester bond joining 2 adjacent DNA strands
18
Embed
DNA Synthesis (Replication) Helicase – Separates parental DNA strands (unwind double helix)
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
DNA Synthesis (Replication)1. Helicase – Separates parental DNA strands (unwind double
helix)2. ssB (single-stranded Binding) proteins – Prevents single
strands from re-associating3. RNA Primase – Synthesizes RNA primers, required to initiate
DNA nucleotide insertion4. DNA Polymerase III – Responsible for synthesis of lagging
strand & leading strand5. DNA Pol I – Removes RNA primers & Fills lagging strand gaps
(Exonuclease Activity)6. DNA Ligase – Forms Phosphodiester bond joining 2 adjacent
DNA strands
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
rRNA (Ribosomal RNA) – in nucleolus gives rise to ribosomal precursors; makes Ribosome, and is the central component of the Ribosome’s protein-manufacturing machinery.
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
mRNA (Messenger RNA) - encodes chemical "blueprint" for protein (The Genetic Code); carries coding information from Nucleus to Ribosomes (sites of protein synthesis).
Details of mRNA: Encoded in sequence of nucleotides (AUCG),
which are arranged into codons consisting of three bases each
Each codon encodes a specific amino acid, except the stop codons
Stop codons terminate protein synthesis
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
tRNA (Transfer RNA) - adaptor molecule composed of RNA used to bridge the genetic code (AUCG) in mRNA with the twenty amino-acids code in proteins.
Details of tRNA: The role of tRNA is to specify which sequence from the genetic
code corresponds to which amino acid One end of the tRNA complements the genetic code in a three-
nucleotide sequence called the anticodon On the other end of the tRNA is a covalent attachment to the amino
acid that corresponds to the anticodon sequence Each type of tRNA molecule can be attached to only one type of
amino acid o The genetic code contains multiple codons that specify the same amino
acid; therefore, there are many tRNA molecules, each bearing a different anticodon, which also carry the same amino acid.
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
*Baking a Cake Analogy
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012
Processes of Nucleic Acids September 17 & 18, 2012