-
ARS201
DIVINESPEECHLITERARYCHARACTERSTICSOFTHEQURAN
PRESENTEDBYNOUMANALIKHAN
-
CRITICALDISCLAIMER
1. ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedspecificallyforuseduringthesingleweekendseminarentitledDivineSpeechbeingofferedbyBayyinahinstitute.
2. Thisdocumenthaslittletonovalueasaselfstudyresource.Itservesmerelyasanoutlinefordiscussionsthatwilltakeplaceduringthecourseoftheseminar.
3. Thisdocumentcomprisessections2through18.Section1willbedistributedinclass.
4. Wheredeemedhelpful,twokindsofEnglishcommentaryhavebeenoffered:
a. BriefcommentsthatwillbeelaboratedinclassTranslationscitedfromtheworkofYusufAli.
5. WeatBayyinahdonotendorseanyparticulartranslationoftheQuran.Theverypointofthisseminaristoillustratewhatislostintranslation.Theabovetranslationhasonlybeencitedforconvenientreferenceandcomparison.
6. Attendeesshouldprintthisdocumentandbringitwiththemnolaterthanthe2nddayoftheseminar(Saturday)inordertomaximizetheirbenefitfromtheseminar.
7. Weadviseattendeestobringalonganotebookjustincasetheyareinterestedintakingindepthnotes.Pleasebeadvisedthatthecontentofthisseminarisgearedmoretowardsenrichmentandgeneralawarenessthanitistowardsacademicdiscourse,yetawealthofinformationwillbepresented.
8. PleasedonotbeintimidatedbythecolossalcitationsofArabicinthisdocument.Theyaresimplytheretoassisttheinstructorinthediscussionprocess.YoushouldbeabletobenefitfromthisprogramevenifyoudontreadorunderstandArabic.
9. ThisdocumentoutlinesthefullextentofthediscussionsplannedfortheDivineSpeechseminar.Itwillbetheinstructorssincerebestefforttocoverallofthematerialwithoutrushingthroughit.Theinstructorthereforemayskipportionsofthematerialduetoshortageoftime.
10. Ifyouareplanningonattendingthisseminarbuthaventyetsignedup,pleasedosoatwww.bayyinah.com/student_centerbychoosingalocationnearyou.
-
2
VerbalIdioms
Title
PreQuranicReference
ArabicCitation&QuranicContext(s)
1. Coolnessoftheeyes
(poetfromBanuJuhaiynah)HsthenewsreachedthehelpersthatHumadibnBahdalhasputthemindsoftheKalbatrest.
Hedeparted(died)andwithhimdepartedfrommeeverypleasurethatcooledmyeyes;sothetwodepartedtogether
MayAllahmakehiseyeswarm
Spouses&Children,AsyasremarksforbabyMusaAS,What
awaitsinthehereafter/aftertrials25:74,28:9,32:17
2. ToLowerwings issaidofaflyingbirdloweritswingsto
descend.
Thepoetsays: Youarefamousforloweringthewing,sodontbecomeafalconbyraisingthem
Individualtohis/herparents,theMessengertohisfollowers
17:24,26:215
3. ToUntieTheKnotinOnesTongue
Musa(AS)sprayerbeforefacingthepharaoh.
20:27 4. Toentersomethingfromits
door SothatpeoplemayknowthatImamanIapproachmylivefromitsdoor
Whenyouapproachamatterfromotherthanitsdoor,youllbelostandonceyouenterfromthedoor,youllremainguided.
Superstitionsfollowedbysomecompanions(RA)before
theyknewanybetter2:189
5. Tothrowstonesinthedark Warisexactlywhatyouhavecometoknowand
-
experience.Andthisremarkconcerningitisnotconjectureofdoubtfulvalidity.
Idivertmyselfwithwishfulthinking Andtoconjectureaboutthingsunknowntooneislikethrowingstonesabout(withoutatargettoaimat)
18:22
6. Todoubleupachordandtwistit
Todoubleupachordandtwistit inevitablefate. Mycamelsaredocile,(ItakethemwhereIlike).Andkeepingmeconstantcompanyismyheart/reasonwhichIputtoworkwithafirmresolve
43:79
7. Toventureintoeveryvalley shecamelthatwandersaroundbyherselfinsearchofpasture
26:225 8. Tohaveoneshandstiedto
onesneck
17:29 9. Ofatown/gardentobe
overturnedonitsceilings/trellises
22:45.Also2:259,18:42
10. Ofwartosheditsweapons 47:4
-
3
IntricateWordChoice
3.02 Madinahin63:8,33:13,60,9:101,120vs.Yathribin33:13 OnlyinstanceofYathribintheQuran 33:13 3.03 Makkah(48:24)vs.Bakkah(3:96)
Bakkah 3:96 Makkah 48:243.04 Ajeeb(strange)in50:2 vs.Ujaab(extremelystrange)38:5
Theyareestranged Awarnercametothemfromamongstthemselves Fromamongthem
50:2 Theyareestranged Awarnercametothemfromamongstthemselves DisbelieverssaidThisisaperpetuallylyingmagician. Hashemadeallofourgodsintoasinglegod?
)( )(
38:5
3.05 TwoDifferentExpressionsforSevenEarsofGrainin2:261vs.12:43 Sanaabil=pluralofsunbulahmeaningear(ofgrain) 2:261 Sunbulaat=pluralofsunbulahmeaningear(ofgrain) 12:433.06 Twodifferentpluralsforblessingsin16:120vs.31:20
Anum=pluralofnimahmeaningblessing )( 16:120,
121
Niam=pluralofnimahmeaningblessing 31:20
-
3.07 DwellersinParadise4:13vs.DwellerinHellfire4:14 Dwellers(khalideena)
4:13
Dweller(khalidan) 4:14 3.08 TheDifferencebetweentheskyandtheskiesin3:133vs.57:21
ItsvastnessIStheskies&theearth(combined)RushtoforgivenessPreparedforthemuttaqeen
3:133
ItsvastnessisLIKE(notquiteequalto)theskyandtheearthCompeteinrushingtowardsforgivenessPreparedforthosewhobelieveinAllahandhisMessengers
57:21
3.10 Twodifferentwordsforselectionin22:75vs.78 YASTAFEE(Heselects) 22:75IJTABAA(Heselected) 22:783.11 TwoDifferentWordsfortheheart
FUAD&QALB(heart)
28:10
ThebenefitsofFuaadasopposedtoQalbinthisayah
17:36
-
3.13 TheWordMisrDoesntalwaysmeanEgypt hasbeenusedtomeanEgyptexplicitlyonfouroccasions;12:21,12:99,43:51,10:87.Whatelsedoesitmean?
2:61
3.14 Heartsthatdonttrulyunderstand,eyesthatdontsee,earsthatdonthear
7:179
33.15 Notwoheartsinsideofanymanwhyexcludewomen? 33:43.16 Musa (AS)saddresstohisnationvs.theaddressofEsa(AS)
MusaASaddressestheIsraelitesashisnation 61:6Esa AS in the same passage addresses the Israelites as the sons ofIsrael 61:6
3.17 Kafiroon(disbelievers)vs.Mushrikoon(idolators) mentionedinsuccessiveayahs 61:8 61:93.18 Twodifferentwordsforjustice inthesamestatement
-
ADL&IQSAAT:Justice 49:93.19 ThewordIkhtilaaf(discord/contradiction) initsphoneticform
4:82 3.20 TheirbrotherShuaiborJustShuaib?
ToMadyanwesenttheirbrotherShuaib
29:36,11:84,7:85
WhenShuaibsaidtothem * 26:176,177When their brother Nuh, their brother Hud, their brother Saleh, theirbrotherLutsaidtothem.AllmentionedwiththeexpressiontheirbrotherwhileShuaibinthesamesurahisnt.
* * *
26:106,124,
142,161
3.21 Twodifferentwordsforcomeon! 6:150 6:1513.22 Tofilterout
3:141
-
4
TransitionsInvolving1st,2ndand3rdPersons1. Enjoying the (bliss) which their Lord hath bestowed on them,
and their Lord shall deliver them from the penalty of the Fire."Eat and drink ye, with profit and health, because of your (good) deeds."
52:18,19
2. 57. and we gave you the shade of clouds and sent down to you Manna and quails, saying: "Eat of the good things we have provided for you:" (But They rebelled); to us They did no harm, but They harmed their own souls.
2:57
3. (as if) to Show their ingratitude for the (favours) we have bestowed on them! then enjoy (your brief day); but soon will ye know (your folly).
30:344. They say: "((Allah)) Most gracious has begotten a son!"
indeed ye have put forth a thing Most monstrous! , 19:88,89 5. 38. so give what is due to kindred, the needy, and the
wayfarer. that is best for those who seek the Countenance, of Allah, and it is They who will prosper.
30:38
6. 22. He it is who enableth you to traverse through land and sea; so that ye Even board ships;- They sail with them with a favourable wind, and They rejoice thereat; then comes a stormy wind and the waves come to them from all sides, and They think They are being overwhelmed: They cry unto Allah, sincerely offering (their) duty unto Him saying, "If Thou dost deliver us from this, we shall truly Show Our gratitude!"
10:22
-
5
SentenceStructure
5.1 Thesame,oramostthesame? Establishtheprayer Enjointhegood Forbidtheevil Bepatientoverwhateverbefallsyou
Emphaticendinginna
31:17
Youwillbetestedintermsofyourwealthandpeople Youwillhearhurtfulthings IfyounonethelesspersevereandremainconsciousofAllah
Moreemphaticendingfainna
3:186
AndwhomsoeverexhibitedperseveringrestraintandforgaveMostemphaticendingfainnalamin 42:43 5.02 DifferentwordformsforgriefandfearLeaningtowardsthisworld:2:38,3:170,5:69,6:48,7:35,10:62,46:13Leaningtowardsthenext: 2:62,2:112,2:262,2:274,2:277,
39:66
5.03 Theuseofthepronoun&tensevariation inIbrahimASsmonologueTheonewhocreatedme,soitisHEwhoguidesme(nooneelse).AnditisHe,theonewhofeedsmeandgivesmetodrink(nooneelse).AndwheneverIbecamesickthenitisHEwhocuresme(nooneelse).Andtheonewhowillgivemedeathandthereafterreviveme.
26:7881
-
5.04 DegreesofEmphasis&DeEmphasisAnevenifawhifffromoutofthepunishmentofyourLordbarelytouchedthem(once),theywouldnodoubtcryout(continuously)Ah,OurDoom!We,nodoubt,WEhadbeenwrongdoers!
21:46
5.05 AChangeinSentenceComponentSequenceToDeliverASpecialMessageALLAHistheWALIofthosewhobelieveTAGHOOTaretheAWLIYAAofthosewhodisbelieve ..
.. 2:
257
5.06 SimilarSentences,varyingprepositionsSay(collective),wehavecometobelieveinAllahandwhatwassenttous
.. 2:136
Say(singular),wehavecometobelieveinAllahandwhatwassentuponus ..
3:84
5.07 ManipulatingTheSubjectoftheVerbWasevilintendedforthoseontheearthORDidtheirLordintendrightforthem 72:10
Wheneverweshoweredthehumanbeingwithfavors,thedeliberatelyignoredandturnedawayarrogantlytohissideandwheneverharmtouchedhimhebecameutterlyhopeless.
17:83AllahstruckanexampleForsimilartexts,alsosee16:75,30:28,39:29,66:10,16:76,16:112,66:11,
14:24People!Anexamplehasbeenstruck 22:73
-
5.09 ChangesinTenseIsaw(inadream)
12:4
Nodoubt,Iseeinadream 37:102Whoevershowsgratitudevs.Whoevershowedingratitude/disbelieved 31:13Whoeverkilledabelieverbymistake(involuntarymanslaughter)Whoeverkillsabelieveronpurpose(homicide)
vs. 4:924:93Everypersonwasgivenwhathe/sheearnedinfull 3:25Everypersonwasgivenwhathe/sheearnedinfull 39:70Everypersonwillbegivenwhathe/sheearnedinfull 2:281Everypersonwillbegivenwhathe/sheearnedinfull
3:161
-
5.11 Verbsvs.NounsHeextracts(verb)thelivingfromthedeadandHeistheextractor(noun)ofthedeadfromtheliving
6:95Whetheryouweretocallthem(verb)Oryouareonestoremainsilent(noun) 7:193Allahwouldneverbeonetopunishthem(verb)whileyouareamongthemandAlalhwouldneverbetheirpunisher(noun)whiletheythemselvesstillseekforgiveness.
8:33Wewouldneverbedestroyers(noun)ofthetownswhiletherecitizensarewrongdoers(noun)
28:595.12 PowerfulImplicationsofWordDeclinations
TheangelssaidSALAAMANwhileIbrahimASrespondedSALAAMUN )( )(
51:24,25
Thereisnofearonthem,thereisnotradeinit(judgmentday),thereisnofriendship,thereisnointercession , , , Thereisnodoubtinit(theQuran),thereisnocompulsioninthereligion,thereisnooneworthyofworshipexceptAllah,thereisnoportionfortheminthehereafter
, , , 5.12 TwoprayersofIbrahim(AS)
Makethisapeacefulcity 2:126Makethiscitypeaceful
14:35
-
6
SequenceinQuranicDiscourse
6.1 SequenceBearingaGrammaticalFunctionYou,weworship&youweaskforaide.Guideus.Youweworship 1:4,5 RatherAllah,worship!Andbefromthegrateful 39:66AndbegratefultoAllah(allofyou)ifHeyouhaveallbeenworshipping. 2:172 Say,HeisAlRahmaan.WebelieveinHimanduponHimweplaceourtrust 67:296.2 RationalSequence(graycellsforsupportingevidences)IcreatetheJinnandmankindfornoreasonbuttoworshipme. See15:24 51:56Neitherdrowsinessnorsleeptakeaholdofhim 2:255AndHestheonewhocreatedthenightandthedayandthesunandthemoon. 21:33Darknessfirst,lightsecond.AndHeinstalled/madeshadesofdarkness&light. 6:1Authorityfirst,rulesecond.AndHeistheultimateauthority,thewise/theperpetualruler.
59:1
Powerfirst,authoritysecond.CertainlyAllahistrulyimmenselypowerful,enentitycommandingauthority.
22:40,70,AndwhoeveristoobeyAllahandthemessenger,thenthoseareamongtheonesAllahfavoreduponfromtheprophets,therelentlesslytruthful,thewitnesses/martyrs&therighteous.
4:69
-
FromYouandfromNuh,Ibrahim,MusaandIsathesonofMaryam.
33:7
AndHeisthehearing,theseeing. Alsosee40:20,17:1,40:56,76:2 42:11HowmagnificentHisseeing&Hishearing 18:26OurLord!Wehaveseenandheard
)( 32:12
Thoseengagedincircumambulation,thoseinretreatforworship,thosewhobowandthosewhoprostrate
2:125MakeRuku,makesajdah,worshipyourLordanddogood. 22:77Thenfromyouthereisthedisbelieverandfromyouthereisthe
believer.See12:103 64:2Fromamongthemtherestheonewronginghisownself.Fromamongthemthereistheoneactingfairly.Fromamongthemthereistheonewhoiscompetingingooddeeds.
35:32
Themale&femalethief 5:38Theadulteressandtheadulterer 24:2
-
ecneuqeSdezilautxetnoC 3.6roofahGgnidecerp)luficrem(meehaRfonaruQehtniecnatsniylnoehT )gnivigrof(
()
2:43
:tifenebnehtmrah:11 :feilernehtmrah:21 mrah:05
,21&1194:01 05
tignitcartnocnehtnoisivorpgnidnapxe:93
9324:43 751:3 esiwrehtodeidrohtapshallAnidellikerewuoyfI dellikerewrodeiduoyfinevednA
851:3
edivorpohwewsitI.yctpurknabfoesuacebnerdlihcruoylliktonoD151:6 .mehtdnauoyedivorpohwewsitI.yctpurknabforaeffotuonerdlihcruoylliktonoD13:71 .uoydnameht7:2
32:54 8:54 )krihs( 001)rewopevitaerc( 101
201:6
-
75 16
26:04 asasevlesruoydnaemneewtebhguonesihallA,yaSssentiw;hallAnideveilebsiddnadooheslafnideveilebohwesohT.ssolfosrereffusehttcafnieraesohT
25:92
dnaemneewtebssentiwasahguonesihallAyaSsevlesruoydnadetniauqcayllufneebsyawlasaheHylniatreC.sevalssiHotsdragernitnavresboyltnatsnoc
69:71 tnemniatretneroedartwasyehtnehW)retteb(dnatnemniatretnenahtrettebsisahhallAtahW.edartnaht
()
11:26
derehtagerewnnij&sgniebnamuhfinevE
88:71
...!sgniebnamuhdnannijfognirehtaghO33:55
()
()
21:26
-
7
AllegedGrammaticalErrorsintheQuran1.
7.1 RighteousnessItisallegedthatLAYSAALBIRRAshouldhavebeenLAYSAALBIRRUItisallegedthatALSABIREENAshouldhavebeenALSABIROONAItisallegedthatALKITAAB(thebook)shouldhavebeenALKUTUB(thebooks)
2:177
ItisnotrighteousnessthatyeturnyourfacesTowardseastorWest;butitisrighteousnesstobelieveinAllahandtheLastDay,andtheAngels,andtheBook,andtheMessengers;tospendofyoursubstance,outofloveforHim,foryourkin,fororphans,fortheneedy,forthewayfarer,forthosewhoask,andfortheransomofslaves;tobesteadfastinprayer,andpracticeregularcharity;tofulfilthecontractswhichyehavemade;andtobefirmandpatient,inpain(orsuffering)andadversity,andthroughoutallperiodsofpanic.Sucharethepeopleoftruth,theAllah.fearing.
7.2 TwoGroupsofBelieversFightItisallegedthatIQTATALOO(theyfought)shouldhavebeenIQTATALATAA(thenbothofthemfought)
)(
49:9
IftwopartiesamongtheBelieversfallintoaquarrel,makeyepeacebetweenthem:butifoneofthemtransgressesbeyondboundsagainsttheotherthenfightye(all)againsttheonethattransgressesuntilitcomplieswiththecommandofAllah;butifitcompliesthenmakepeacebetweenthemwithjusticeandbefair:forAllahlovesthosewhoarefair(andjust).
-
7.3 UnexpectedDeclinationItisallegedthatthewordAKUNgivenitsplacesshouldhavebeendeclineddifferentlyasAKOONA
)(
63:10
andspendsomething(incharity)outofthesubstancewhichWehavebestowedonyou,beforeDeathshouldcometoanyofyouandheshouldsay,"OmyLord!whydidstThounotgivemerespiteforalittlewhile?Ishouldthenhavegiven(largely)incharity,andIshouldhavebeenoneofthedoersofgood"
7.4 TheGenderofMercyItisallegedthatthewordRAHMATUN(fem.)shouldhaveresultedinthewordQAREEBUN(masc.)tooccurinitsfeminineformasQAREEBATUN.
)(
7:56
Donomischiefontheearth,afterithathbeensetinorder,butcallonHimwithfearandlonging(inyourhearts):fortheMercyofAllahis(always)neartothosewhodogood.
-
8
sharuSfosgnidnE&sgninnigeBneewteBspihsnoitaleRlargetnI
)2(haraqaBlA 10.8
)86(malaQlA 20.8
)3(narmIelA 30.8
-
)21(fusuoY 40.8
)31(daRlA 50.8
rjiHlA 60.8
-
9
ASurveyoftheSomeLiteraryFeaturesofSurahYousuf
9.1 TheLayoutofthePlot a. Yousufsdream(46).b. Thebrothers'plotagainstYousuf(818).c. Ministerswife'sattempttoseduceYousuf(2329).d. AsimilarattemptbyEgyptianladies(3031).[3]e. Yousufsimprisonment(35).f. Theking'sdream(4344).
g. Thekingsdreaminterpreted(4549)h. Yousufsreleasefromprison(50)i. Confessionoftheladiesfollowedbyministerswife(51)j. Brotherslearntheirlesson(58)k. Yousufsdreaminterpreted(100)
Sections9.2,9.3&9.4willbediscussedinclass9.5 CharacterDepictions
Yaqoub(AS)
a. Hisopinionsofhissons )( )(
b. Thefirstconflictinthestory )( c. Hissharpintuition&divinelygivenspiritualhealing: )(
)( )( d. Intelligentforesight,notnaivet
)( )( )(
)(
-
lliWnamuH&eerceDeniviDneewtebecnalabthgireht:noituacerpyldlrowreporphtiwdelpuochallAnitsurT .e
() ()
ecneitapgnihcnilfnusihhtiwdelpuocerutanevitisnessiH .f
()
()
)SA(fusuoY
:yobgnuoyasahceepsnironaemedehT .a () :droLeht&flesfossenerawA .b:eniviDehtnoecnaileR&noituacerpyldlroW .c
() ()
() :snoitcivnocsihreviledotytinutroppoynassimottonswonkeH .d
() ()
() ()
() :elbahsiugnitsidsiytilibondnaretcarahcsih,nosirpninevE .e
-
f. Honorvs.Imprisonment g. Humilitydoesntkeephimfromtakingresponsibilitywithconfidence h. Sharperinmemorythanhisbrothers:
TheBrothers:
a. Wheredoeshonorcomefrom? b. Mobmentality: c. Theygaveintojahl: d. Intheend,thereisadmissionofguilt: )( )(
Theministerswife:
a. Evilgenius: )(
b. Motivesforadmissionremainunclear.(i)truthisabouttocomeoutanywayor(ii)Yousuf(AS)leavesouthernamewhenunravelingtheconspiracysoshehasararemomentofmoralintegrity
c. Dominatingwoman.IfshecanthaveYousuf,sheboaststhatshecanhavehimimprisoned.Theministerdoesnothingtoundohiswifesentanglementssuggestingadomineeringroleinthehouse.
TheMinister:Speaksonlyonthreeoccasions:
)( )(
)(
-
ForSection10(CoherenceBetweenSurahs),wewillbereadingselectpassagesfromtheQuraninclass.PleasebringacopyofQuranictranslation(yourchoice)totheseminar.
11
QuranicOaths
11.1 43:2 )( )( )(
1.HaMim2.bytheBookthatmakesthingsclear,3.wehavemadeitaQur'anInArabic,thatyemaybeabletounderstand(andlearnwisdom).
11.2 92:14 )( )( )( )(
1.bythenightAsitconceals(thelight);2.bytheDayAsitappearsInglory;3.by(theMysteryof)thecreationofmaleandfemale;4.Verily,(theends)yestriveforarediverse.
11.3 93:14
)( )( )( )(1.bythegloriousmorning light, 2.andbythenightwhen it isstill, 3.ThyGuardianLordhathnotforsakenthee,nor isHedispleased. 4.andVerilytheHereafterwillbebetterforTheethanthepresent.
11.4 84:1619 )( )( )( )(
16.soIdocalltowitnesstheruddyglowofSunset;17.thenightanditsHoming;18.andthemoonInHerfullness:19.yeshallsurelytravelfromstagetostage.
11.5 77:17 )( )( )( )( )( )(
)(1. bythe(Winds)sentforthoneafteranother(toman'sprofit);2.whichthenblowviolentlyIntempestuousGusts,3.andscatter(things)farandwide;4.thenseparate
them,onefromanother,5.thenspreadabroadaMessage,6.whetherofJustificationorofWarning;7.Assuredly,whatyearepromisedmustcometopass.
-
11.5 100:15 )( )( )( )( )( )(
1.bythe(Steeds)thatrun,withpanting(breath),2.andstrikesparksoffire,3.andpushhomethechargeInthemorning,4.andraisethedustIncloudsthewhile,5.andpenetrateForthwithintothemidst(ofthefoe)enmasse;6.trulymanis,toHisLord,ungrateful;
11.6 102:13 )( )( )(
1.by(theTokenof)time(throughtheages),2.VerilymanisInloss,3.exceptsuchAshaveFaith,anddorighteousdeeds,and(jointogether)Inthemutualteachingoftruth,andofpatienceandconstancy.
11.7 97:14 )( )( )( )(
1.bytheFigandtheOlive,2.andtheMountofSinai,3.andThisCityofsecurity,4.wehaveindeedcreatedmanInthebestofmoulds,
-
12
QuranicExamples
12.1 22:31Theconsequencesofshirk
)(31.beingtrueInFaithtoAllah,andneverassigningpartnerstohim:ifanyoneassignspartnerstoAllah,isAsifHehadfallenfromheavenandbeensnatchedupbybirds,orthewind had swooped (Like a bird on itsprey) and thrownHim into a fardistantplace.
12.2 2:74Thevaryingstatesofhearts
)(
74.Thenceforthwereyourheartshardened:TheybecamelikearockandEvenworseIn hardness. for among rocks there are some fromwhich rivers gush forth; otherstherearewhichwhensplitasundersendforthwater;andotherswhichsinkforfearofAllah.andAllahisnotunmindfulofwhatyedo.
12.3 2:264,265Themotivesforspending
)(
264.Oyewhobelieve!cancelnotyourcharitybyremindersofyourgenerosityorbyinjury,likethosewhospendtheirsubstancetobeseenofmen,butbelieveneitherInAllahnor In theLastDay.Theyare Inparable likeahard,barrenrock,onwhich isaLittlesoil:onitfallsheavyrain,whichleavesit(Just)abarestone.TheywillbeabletodonothingwithaughtTheyhaveearned.andAllahguidethnotthosewhorejectFaith.265.andthelikenessofthosewhospendtheirsubstance,seekingtopleaseAllahandto strengthen their souls, isAs a garden,high and fertile:heavy rain fallson itbutmakes it yield a double increase of harvest, and if it receives not heavy rain, lightmoisturesufficethit.Allahseethwellwhateveryedo.
-
12.4 22:73Thepowerlessnessoffalsedivinities
)(
73.Omen!here isaparablesetforth! listento it!thoseonwhom,besidesAllah,yecall,cannotcreate(Even)afly,ifTheyallmettogetherforthepurpose!andiftheflyshouldsnatchawayanythingfromthem,Theywouldhavenopowertoreleaseitfromthefly.feeblearethosewhopetitionandthosewhomTheypetition!
12.5 13:17Thestruggleofthemessenger
17.HeSendsdownwaterfromtheskies,andthechannelsflow,Eachaccordingtoitsmeasure:butthetorrentbearsawaytofoamthatmountsuptothesurface.Evenso,fromthat(ore)whichTheyheatInthefire,tomakeornamentsorutensilstherewith,thereisascumlikewise.ThusdothAllah(byparables)ShowforthtruthandVanity.forthescumdisappears like frothcastout;while thatwhich is for thegoodofMankindremainsontheearth.ThusdothAllahsetforthparables.
12.6 57:20Worldlyaspirations
20. know ye (all), that the lifeofThisworld isbutplayandamusement,pompandmutual boasting andmultiplying, (in rivalry) among yourselves, riches and children.hereisasimilitude:Howrainandthegrowthwhichitbringsforth,delight(theheartsof)thetillers;soon itwithers;Thouwiltsee itgrowyellow;then itbecomesdryandcrumblesaway.but IntheHereafter isapenaltysevere (forthedevoteesofwrong).and forgiveness fromAllah and (His) goodpleasure (for thedevoteesofAllah.. andwhatisthelifeofThisworld,butgoodsandchattelsofdeception?
-
13
QuranicImagery
13.1 81:1718 )( )( 17.andthenightAsitdissipates;18.andthedawnAsitbreathesawaythedarkness;
13.2 9:38
)(
38.Oyewhobelieve!whatisthematterwithyou,that,whenyeareaskedtogoforthInthecauseofAllah,yeclingheavilytotheearth?doyepreferthelifeofThisworldtotheHereafter?butLittleisthecomfortofThislife,AscomparedwiththeHereafter.
13.3 2:250
257.AllahistheProtectorofthosewhohavefaith:fromthedepthsofdarknessHewillleadthemforthintolight.ofthosewhorejectFaiththepatronsaretheevilones:fromlightTheywillleadthemforthintothedepthsofdarkness.Theywillbecompanionsofthefire,todwelltherein(forever).
13.4 21:18
)(
18.Nay,wehurlthetruthagainstfalsehood,and itknocksout itsbrain,andBehold,falsehooddothperish!Ah!woebetoyouforthe(false)thingsyeascribe(tous).
13.5 2:250
)(
250.when They advanced tomeetGoliath andHis forces, Theyprayed: "Our Lord!pouroutconstancyonusandmakeOurstepsfirm:helpusagainstthosethatrejectfaith."
13.6 6:125
-
125.thosewhomAllah(inHisplan)willethtoguide, HeopeneththeirbreasttoIslam;those whom He willeth to leave straying, He maketh their breast close andconstricted,AsifTheyhadtoclimbuptotheskies:ThusdothAllah(heap)thepenaltyonthosewhorefusetobelieve.
13.7 25:23
23.andweshallturntowhateverdeedsTheydid(inThislife),andweshallmakesuchdeedsAsfloatingdustscatteredabout.
13.8 7:175
175.relatetothemthestoryofthemantowhomwesentOurSigns,butHepassedthemby:soSatanfollowedHimup,andHewentastray.
176. if it had beenOurwill,we should have elevatedHimwithOur Signs; but Heinclinedtotheearth,andfollowedHisownvaindesires.Hissimilitudeisthatofadog:ifyouattackhim,HelollsoutHistongue,orifyouleaveHimalone,He(still)lollsoutHis tongue. that is the similitudeof thosewho rejectOurSigns; so relate the story;PerchanceTheymayreflect.
-
41
naruQehTmorFsetouQlaibrevorPtceleS
461:6 51:71
81:53
7:93
34:53
32:01 23:03 35:32
83:47 4:36
401:81 62:55
76:6 37:22
48:71 1:5
77:82 41:95
77:82
-
15
DialogueintheQuran
15.1 DialoguebetweenIbrahim(AS) &hisLord 2:124134 124.andremember thatAbrahamwas triedbyHisLordwithcertaincommands,whichHe fulfilled:Hesaid:"IwillmakeTheean Imam to theNations."Hepleaded:"Andalso (Imams) fromMyoffspring!"Heanswered:"ButMypromise isnotwithin thereachofevildoers."125.rememberwemade theHouseaplaceofassemblyformenandaplaceofsafety;andtakeyethestationofAbrahamAsaplaceofprayer;andwecovenantedwithAbrahamandIsma'il,thatTheyshouldsanctifyMyHouseforthosewhocompassitround,oruseitAsaretreat,orbow,orprostratethemselves(thereinInprayer).126.andrememberAbrahamsaid:"MyLord,makeThisaCityofPeace,andfeeditspeoplewithfruits,suchofthemAsbelieveInAllahandtheLastDay."Hesaid:"(Yea),andsuchAsrejectFaith,forawhilewillIgrantthemtheirpleasure,butwillsoondrivethemtothetormentofFire,anevildestination(indeed)!"127.andrememberAbrahamand Isma'il raised the foundationsof theHouse (withThisprayer): "Our Lord!Accept (this service) fromus: forThouart theAllHearing, theAllKnowing.128."OurLord!makeofusMuslims,bowingtoThy(Will),andofOurprogenyapeopleMuslim,bowingtoThy(will);andShowusOurplaceforthecelebrationof(due)rites;andturnuntous(inMercy);forThouarttheOftReturning,MostMerciful.129."OurLord!sendamongstthemanMessengeroftheirown,whoshallrehearseThySignstothemandinstructthemInScriptureandWisdom,andsanctifythem:forThouarttheExaltedInMight,theWise."130.andwhoturnsawayfromtheReligionofAbrahambutsuchAsdebasetheirsoulswithfolly?HimwechoseandrenderedpureInThisworld:andHewillbeIntheHereafterIntheranksoftheRighteous. 131.Behold!HisLordsaidtohim:"Bow(thywilltoMe):"Hesaid:"Ibow(mywill)totheLordandCherisheroftheUniverse."132.andThiswasthelegacythatAbrahamlefttoHissons,andsodidJacob;"OhMysons!AllahhathchosentheFaithforyou;thendienotexceptIntheFaithofIslam."133.wereyewitnesseswhendeathappearedbeforeJacob?Behold,HesaidtoHissons:"Whatwillyeworshipafterme?"Theysaid:"WeshallworshipThyAllahandtheAllahofThyfathers,ofAbraham,Isma'ilandIsaac,theone(true)Allah.toHimwebow(inIslam)."134.thatwasapeoplethathathpassedaway.TheyshallreapthefruitofwhatTheydid,andyeofwhatyedo!oftheirmeritsthereisnoquestionInyourcase!
15.1 StingyGardenersinDialogue 68:1733 17.VerilywehavetriedthemAswetriedthepeopleofthegarden,whenTheyresolvedtogathertheFruitsofthe(garden)Inthemorning.18.butmadenoreservation,("IfitbeAllahsWill").19.thentherecameonthe(garden)avisitationfromThyLord,(whichsweptaway)allaround,whileTheywereasleep.20.sothe (garden)became,bythemorning, likeadarkanddesolatespot, (whose fruithadbeengathered). 21.Asthemorningbroke,Theycalledout,onetoanother,22."Goyetoyourtilth(betimes)Inthemorning,ifyewouldgatherthefruits."23.soTheydeparted,conversingInsecretlowtones,(saying)24."LetnotasingleindigentpersonbreakInuponyouintothe(garden)ThisDay."25.andTheyopenedthemorning,strongInan(unjust)resolve.26.butwhenTheysawthe(garden),Theysaid:"WehavesurelylostOurway:27."Indeedweareshutout(oftheFruitsofOurlabour)!"28.saidoneofthem,morejust(thantherest):"DidInotsaytoyou,'Whynotglorify((Allah))?'"29.Theysaid:"GlorytoOurLord!Verilywehavebeendoingwrong!"30.thenTheyturned,oneagainstanother,Inreproach.31.Theysaid:"Alasforus!wehaveindeedtransgressed!32."ItmaybethatOurLordwillgiveusInexchangeabetter (garden)thanthis:forwedoturntoHim(inrepentance)!" 33.such isthepunishment (inThis life);butgreater isthepunishment IntheHereafter,ifonlyTheyknew!
-
15.3 DialoguebetweenMusa(AS)andFirown 26:950 9.andVerily,ThyLordisHe,theExaltedInMight,MostMerciful.10.Behold,ThyLordcalledMoses:"Gotothepeopleofiniquity, 11. "The people of thePharaoh:willTheynotfearAllah."12.Hesaid:"OMyLord!IdofearthatTheywillchargemewithfalsehood:13."Mybreastwillbestraitened.andMyspeechmaynotgo(smoothly):sosenduntoAaron.14."And(further),TheyhaveachargeofcrimeagainstMe;andIfearTheymayslayme."15.Allahsaid:"Bynomeans!proceedthen,bothofyou,withOurSigns;wearewithyou,andwilllisten(toyourcall).16."Sogoforth,bothofyou,toPharaoh,andsay:'WehavebeensentbytheLordandCherisheroftheworlds;17."'SendThouwithustheChildrenofIsrael.'"18.(Pharaoh)said:"DidwenotcherishTheeAsachildamongus,andDidstThounotstayInOurmidstmanyyearsofThylife?19."AndThouDidstadeedofThinewhich(thouknowest)Thoudidst,andThouartanungrateful(wretch)!"20.Mosessaid:"Ididitthen,whenIwasInerror.21."SoIfledfromyou(all)whenIfearedyou;butMyLordhas(since)investedmewithJudgment(andwisdom)andappointedmeAsoneoftheapostles.22."AndThis is the favourwithwhichThoudost reproachme, thatThouhastenslaved theChildrenof Israel!" 23.Pharaohsaid:"Andwhat is the 'LordandCherisherof theworlds'?" 24. (Moses) said: "The LordandCherisherof theheavensand theearth,andallbetween, ifyeWant tobeQuite sure." 25.(Pharaoh)saidtothosearound:"Didyenotlisten(towhatHesays)?"26.(Moses)said:"YourLordandtheLordofyourfathersfromthebeginning!"27.(Pharaoh)said:"Trulyyourapostlewhohasbeensenttoyouisaveritablemadman!"28.(Moses)said:"Lordoftheeastandthewest,andallbetween!ifyeonlyhadsense!"29.(Pharaoh)said:"IfThoudostputforwardanygodotherthanme,IwillcertainlyputTheeInprison!"30.(Moses)said:"EvenifIshowedyousomethingClear(and)convincing?"31.(Pharaoh)said:"Showitthen,ifThoutellestthetruth!" 32.so(Moses)threwHisrod,andBehold, itwasaserpent,plain(foralltosee)! 33.andHedrewoutHishand,andBehold, itwaswhitetoallbeholders!34.(Pharaoh)saidtotheChiefsaroundhim:"Thisisindeedasorcererwellversed:35."HisplanistogetyououtofyourlandbyHissorcery;thenwhatisityecounsel?"36.Theysaid:"KeepHimandHisbrotherInsuspense(forawhile),anddispatchtothecitiesheraldstocollect37."AndbringuptoTheeall(our)sorcererswellversed."38.sothesorcerersweregottogetherfortheappointmentofaDaywellknown,39.andthepeopleweretold:"Areye(now)assembled?40."Thatwemayfollowthesorcerers(inreligion)ifTheywin?"41.sowhenthesorcerersarrived,TheysaidtoPharaoh:"Ofcourseshallwehavea(suitable)rewardifwewin?42.Hesaid:"Yea,(andmore),foryeshallInthatcasebe(raisedtoposts)nearest(toMyperson)."43.Mosessaidtothem:"Throwyethatwhichyeareabouttothrow!"44.soTheythrewtheirropesandtheirrods,andsaid:"BythemightofPharaoh,itiswewhowillcertainlywin!"45.thenMosesthrewHisrod,when,Behold,itstraightwayswallowsupallthefalsehoodswhichTheyfake!46.thendidthesorcerersfalldown,prostrateInadoration,47.saying:"WebelieveIntheLordoftheWorlds,48."TheLordofMosesandAaron."49.said(Pharaoh):"BelieveyeInHimbeforeIgiveyoupermission?surelyHe isyour leader,whohastaughtyousorcery!butsoonshallyeknow!Verily,Iwillcutoffyourhandsandyourfeetonoppositesides,andIwillcrucifyyouall.50."BesureIwillcutoffyourhandsandyourfeetonoppositesides,andIwillcauseyoualltodieonthecross!"51.Theysaid:"Nomatter!forus,weshallbutreturntoOurLord!52."Only,OurdesireisthatOurLordwillforgiveusOurfaults,thatwemaybecomeforemostamongthebelievers!"
-
16
ThePlacementofQuranicStories
16.1 TheAdam(AS)NarrativeinAlBaqarah(3038)
)( )(
)( )(
)(
26.Allahdisdainsnottousethesimilitudeofthings,lowestAswellAshighest.thosewhobelieveknowthatitistruthfromtheirLord;butthosewhorejectFaithsay:"WhatmeansAllahbyThissimilitude?"byitHecausesmanytostray,andmanyHeleadsintotherightpath;butHecausesnottostray,exceptthosewhoforsake(thepath),27.thosewhobreakAllah.sCovenantafteritisratified,andwhosunderwhatAllahhasorderedtobejoined,anddomischiefonearth:thesecauseloss(only)tothemselves.28.Howcanye reject theFaith InAllah.seeing thatyewerewithout life,andHegaveyou life; thenwillHecauseyou todie,andwillagainbringyou to life;andagain toHimwillyereturn.29. it isHewhohath created foryouall things thatareonearth;MoreoverHisdesign comprehended theheavens, forHegaveorderandperfection to the sevenfirmaments;andofallthingsHehathperfectknowledge.30.Behold,ThyLordsaidtotheangels:"Iwillcreateavicegerentonearth."Theysaid:"WiltThouplacethereinonewhowillmakemischiefthereinandshedblood?whilstwedocelebrateThypraisesandglorifyThyholy(name)?"Hesaid:"Iknowwhatyeknownot."31.andHetaughtAdamthenatureofallthings;thenHeplacedthembeforetheangels,andsaid:"Tellmethenatureoftheseifyeareright.
16.2 TheNarrativeofNuhin11:2327 )(
)( )(
-
)( )(
23.butthosewhobelieveandworkrighteousness,andhumblethemselvesbeforetheirLord,TheywillbecompanionsoftheGardens,todwellthereinforaye!24.thesetwokinds(ofmen)maybecomparedtotheblindandDeaf,andthosewhocanseeandHearwell.areTheyequalwhencompared?willyenotthentakeheed?25.wesentNoahtoHispeople(withamission):"IhavecometoyouwithaClearWarning:26."ThatyeservenonebutAllah.VerilyIdofearforyouthepenaltyofagrievousDay."27.buttheChiefsoftheunbelieversamongHispeoplesaid:"Wesee (in)Theenothingbutaman likeourselves:nordoweseethatanyfollowTheebutthemeanestamongus,InJudgmentimmature:nordoweseeInyou(all)anymeritaboveus:Infactwethingyeareliars!"
16:3 ThePeopleofthecase18:18
)( )( )( )(
)( )( )( )(
)( 1.PraisebetoAllah,whohathsenttoHisservanttheandhathallowedthereinnoCrookedness:2. (Hehathmade it) straight (andClear) Inorder thatmaywarn (thegodless)ofa terriblepunishment fromhim,and thatHemayglad tidings to thebelieverswhoworkrighteousdeeds,thatTheyshallagoodlyreward,3.whereinTheyshallremainforever:4.further,thatHemaywarnthose(also)whosay,hathbegottenason":5.noknowledgehaveTheyofsuchathing,norhadtheiritisagrievousthingthatissuesfromtheirmouthsAsasayingwhatsayisnothingbutfalsehood!6.Thouwouldstonly,perchance,fretThyselftodeath,afterthem,Ingrief,ifTheybelievenotInThisMessage.7.thatwhichisonearthwehavemadebutAsaShowfortheearth,InorderthatwemaytestthemAstowhichofarebestInconduct.8.VerilywhatisonearthweshallmakebutAsdustandsoil(withoutgrowthorherbage).
16.4 TheStoryofTalootin2:244246 )(
)(
-
)(
244.thenFightInthecauseofAllah,andknowthatAllahhearethandknowethallthings.245.whoisHethatwillloantoAllahabeautifulloan,whichAllahwilldoubleuntoHiscreditandmultiplymanytimes?itisAllahthatgiveth(you)Wantorplenty,andtoHimshallbeyourreturn.246.hastThounotturnedThyvisiontotheChiefsoftheChildrenofIsraelafter(thetimeof)Moses?Theysaidtoaprophet(Thatwas)amongthem:"Appointforusaking,thatwemayFightInthecauseofAllah."Hesaid:"Isitnotpossible,ifyewerecommandedtofight,thatthatyewillnotfight?"Theysaid:"HowcouldwerefusetoFightInthecauseofAllah,seeingthatwewereturnedoutofOurhomesandOurfamilies?"butwhenTheywerecommandedtofight,Theyturnedback,exceptasmallbandamongthem.butAllahhasfullknowledgeofthosewhodowrong.
16.5 TheEncounterofIbrahim(AS)withthetyrantruler 2:256258 )(
)( )(
256. lettherebenocompulsion Inreligion:truthstandsoutClearfromerror:Whoeverrejectsevilandbelieves InAllahhathgraspedtheMosttrustworthyhandhold,thatneverbreaks.andAllahhearethandknowethallthings.257.AllahistheProtectorofthosewhohavefaith:fromthedepthsofdarknessHewillleadthemforthintolight.ofthosewhorejectFaiththepatronsaretheevilones:fromlightTheywillleadthemforthintothedepthsofdarkness.Theywillbecompanionsofthefire,todwelltherein(forever).258.hastThounotturnedThyvisiontoonewhodisputedwithAbrahamaboutHisLord,becauseAllahhadgrantedHimpower?Abrahamsaid:"MyLordisHewhogivethlifeanddeath."Hesaid:"Igivelifeanddeath".saidAbraham:"ButitisAllahthatcauseththesuntorisefromtheeast:doThouthencauseHimtorisefromtheWest."ThuswasHeconfoundedwho(inarrogance)rejectedFaith.nordothAllahgiveguidancetoapeopleunjust.
-
17
QuranicCriticismsofVariousModesofFalseReasoning
17.1 Thethreatofforceindebate 68.Theysaid,"BurnHimandprotectyourgods,ifyedo(anythingatall)!" )(
21:68
17.2 Characterassassination 36.whentheunbelieversseethee,TheytreatTheenotexceptwithridicule."Isthis,"(Theysay),"Theonewhotalksofyourgods?"andTheyblasphemeatthe
mentionof((Allah))MostGracious!
)(21:36
52."Am InotbetterthanThis(Moses),who isacontemptiblewretchandcanscarcelyexpressHimselfclearly? )( 43:52
17.3 Stirringupanemotionalcrowd 63. They said: "These two are certainly (expert)magicians: their object is todriveyououtfromyourlandwiththeirMagic,andtodoawaywithyourMostcherishedinstitutions.64."Thereforeconcertyourplan,andthenassembleIn(serried)ranks:Hewins(Allalong)todaywhogainstheupperhand."
)(
)(
20:6364
17.5 Tomaketheopponentquestiontheirownmodestyorloyalty 52.Behold!He said toHis fatherandHispeople, "Whatare these images, towhichyeare(soassiduously)devoted?"53.Theysaid,"WefoundOurfathersworshippingthem."
)( )(
21:5253
17.6 Torephrasetheopponentspositionfalselyand thentorefuteit 59. thesimilitudeof JesusbeforeAllah isAs thatofAdam;HecreatedHimfromdust,thensaidtohim:"Be".andHewas.
3:59
-
81
noisulcnoC&smeGdetrossA
3:47 1.81 ()
341:2 2.81
51:84 3.81
() () ()
() ()
() ()
12:67;71:67;5:67 4.81()
() ()
-
42:74;28:4;92:83;86:32 5.81
() () () ()
41:13 8.81
naruQsihT 7.8112:95;13:34;62:14;72:93;13:43;85:03;67:72;03:52;45:81;98:71;14:71;9:71;3:21;73:01;91:6
.)koobtahT( :esarhpehtsedulcni2:2.)naruQsihT( :esarhpehtedulcnillA
page0ds_outline.pdfprint01-07.pdfprint02.pdfprint03print04print05print06section_07done
print08print09print11print12print13print14print15print16print17print18
