Divided by a common language … Lorcán Ó Díomásaigh.

Divided by a common language …

Lorcán Ó Díomásaigh

• Meetings are informal in style and begin and end with social conversation. Participants are expected to make a contribution, if only questions and not necessarily in their specialist area.

• It is not usual for everyone to be well prepared

• Even when papers are previously distributed they will not always be read.

• Lack of preparation does not inhibit the passing of opinion and judgement.

OverviewOverview

• Part 1 – some obvious statements about scale

• Part 2 – some recent areas of development

• Part 3 – some conclusions

Ohio State UniversityOhio State University

• People

– 55,233 students

– 4,522 faculty members

– 8,569 administrative and professional staff

• Programs

– 176 Undergraduate Majors

– 122 Programs Leading to the Master's

– 98 programs Leading to the Doctorate

2000/1

Ohio State UniversityOhio State University

• IT– Internet 2

– Distributes 1M emails a day (8 gigabytes)

– 1,350 modem lines

– 22,500 telephone lines, 14,000 lan outlets, 6,500 cable TV outlets, 82 miles copper cabling, 70 miles fibre, 11 miles TV coax cable

– Learning technology

• Library

– 5.5 m volumes

– 46K serials

– $13M materials budget

– $13M salaries budget

2002

2000/1

USA top 20

UK top 20

USA and UK top 20 library budgets 98/99

OSUOSU

Lever of collective actionLever of collective action

• UK

– Public funding

– Great leverage from funneled funding

– Visibility and national scope

– Continuity between consensus making, funding and operational capacity

• US

– Dispersed and intermittently connected consensus making, funding and operational capacity

Articulation

Research and

learningPortals Environment

InstitutionalorganizationRepositories

Part 2 – coevolving in a shared network space*Part 2 – coevolving in a shared network space*

“Cyberinfrastructure” report recommends:“Cyberinfrastructure” report recommends:• New INITIATIVE to revolutionize science and engineering

research at NSF and worldwide to capitalize on new computing and communications opportunities– 21st Century Cyberinfrastructure includes supercomputing, but

also massive storage, networking, software, collaboration, visualization, and human resources

– Current centers (NCSA, SDSC, PSC) are a key resource

– Budget estimate: incremental $650M/year (continuing)

Revolutionizing science and engineering through cyberinfrastructure:report of the NSF blue ribbon advisory panel on cyberinfrastructure Dan Atkins et al.

Components of CI-enabled science & engineeringComponents of CI-enabled science & engineering

CollaborationServices

Knowledge managementinstitutions for collection buildingand curation of data, information,

literature, digital objects

High-performance computingfor modeling, simulation, data

processing/mining

Individual &Group Interfaces& Visualization

Physical World

Humans

Facilities for activation,manipulation and

construction

Instruments forobservation andcharacterization.

GlobalConnectivity

Atkins report

LearningLearning

… it is likely that a large part of the student and teacher experience will be managed within a systems framework which manages the learning life-cycle and interfaces to multiple systems and services.

Neil Mclean, pro-vice Chancellor e-learning and information services, Macquarrie University

All learning material produced by commercial suppliers, teachers and the community for ‘UK Education’ will be available from shared repositories in a range of levels of granularity (content objects to courses).

Teacher and learner will be ‘active’ in the customisation of on line content

Teacher and learner can select the most appropriate exemplar material from seemingly infinite choices of educational content.

Teachers will not duplicate the production of existing material.

“Church and Jeyes, North Lincs College ”

Learning and librariesLearning and libraries

• LMS is the learning habitat

• Need to surface information services there, folding them into the learning experience

– Games, simulations, quizzez, …

– Reading lists, reserves, …

• Value

• IMS, OKI

Directories

VocabularyCompetencyMetadata

Repositories

Organizations Traders

Acc

ess

Man

agem

ent

MA

NA

GE

RIG

HT

S O

BL

IGA

TIO

NS

CO

NT

RO

L A

CC

ESS

AU

TH

EN

TIC

AT

E

AU

TH

OR

ISE

AU

DIT

Pro

curem

ent

NE

GO

TIA

TE

TR

AD

EM

AK

E P

AY

ME

NT

SEARCH

Learner Creator Infoseeker

Repositories

AssetsMetadata

Resource Utilizers

DISCOVER

REQUEST

USEPresentation

Mediation

Provision

People

AgentR

ESO

LV

E

Registries

STORE

STORE EXPOSEMANAGE STORE EXPOSEMANAGE

DELIVER

(Query, Browse, Follow Path)ACCESS

GATHER

PUBLISH

MANAGE

ALERT

EXPOSE

Research and learningResearch and learning

• Research and learning behavior is increasingly entering the network space

• Major institutional and programmatic investment in research and learning support

• Multiple technical and professional domains

• Raises interesting questions about service convergence and organizational support

• How to deliver ‘service on demand’ within ‘portals’ or user environments

• (Humanities and SS)

RepositoriesRepositories

• Manage– Special collections, cultural and scientific

heritage, images, archives, …

– Institutional intellectual output• Learning objects/materials

• E-prints

• Research data

• ETDs

• …

Knowledge bank – OSU – in planningKnowledge bank – OSU – in planning

“… the Knowledge Bank can be said to include the full array of digital assets and information services available to or being created by OSU faculty, staff, and students. The Knowledge Bank is envisioned both as a ‘referatory’ providing links to digital objects and a ‘repository’ capable of archiving the increasing volume of digital content created at OSU for long-term use, dissemination, and preservation. In this way, the knowledge bank will help the University exercise responsible stewardship of its intellectual assets while fostering the creation of new knowledge.”April 26 2002. A proposal for the development of an OSU knowledge bank

Clash of CulturesSource: http://www.history.ohio-state.edu/projects/clash

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy Supplementary Material ArchivesSource: http://msa.lib.ohio-state.edu/jmsa_hp.htm

Advanced Computing Center for the Arts and Design (ACCAD) Motion Capture LabSource: http://www.accad.ohio-state.edu/mocap/mocap_info.htm

Institutional intellectual assetsInstitutional intellectual assets

• Reputation management

– Interesting interaction between

• Devolved scholarly authority to contribute to discipline

• Managed university approach to asset and reputation management

• Curatorial responsibility to the ‘intellectual record’

• Enrich the discourse of scholarly communication

– Surface rich resources

– New opportunities for access, analysis, re-use

DigitizationDigitization

• ‘The virtual is the real’

• Drive selective digitization.

• Developing body of best practice

• How to connect institutional activity with overall pattern?

• Developing apparatus to coordinate development (e.g. DLF/OCLC registry)

General repository issuesGeneral repository issues

• Early in development stages

– The expense of learning

• The Greenhouse effect?

– Special funding

• Reallocation of internal costs?

– Choice of priorities

General repository issuesGeneral repository issues

• Processes and systems organized around a different logic

• Unique ‘unpublished’ materials

• Serving

• Non-unique, published materials

• Consuming

• A complex service apparatus in place

General repository issuesGeneral repository issues

• Is current vertical organization sustainable?

• What will be split out into third party services? – Harvesting

– Metadata creation?

– Digitization?

– Serving?

– Archiving?

• On campus and wider

• Economy and ecology of this wider environment under construction

General repository issuesGeneral repository issues

• Long term ownership costs unknown

• “Mission critical liabilities”

• Balance between scholarly needs and management needs

– Actuarial perspective

– ‘Ingestible’

– Secure the value of investment

Repositories – rights managementRepositories – rights management

• ‘Lock’ – first generation

• Levels and roles – second generation

Renato Iannella

PortalsPortals

“All vogue words tend to share a similar fate: the more experiences they pretend to make transparent, the more they themselves become opaque. ” Zygmunt Bauman

Library portalLibrary portal

• How the library mediates the engagement of users and resources in a network environment

DeliveryDeliveryRequestRequestEnvironment

directories

Environmentdirectories

Identity management

Identity management

ResolutionResolutionDistributed queryDistributed query

Harvesting dataHarvesting data

Resource 2Resource 2 Resource 4Resource 4

Institutionalrepository

Institutionalrepository

Commercialresource

Commercialresource

Communityrepository

Communityrepository

Presentation Presentation

Rightsmanagem

ent

Rightsmanagem

ent

AnnotationAnnotation NotificationNotification

Terminologyservices

Terminologyservices

SyndicationSyndication

V. RefV. Ref

PresentationPresentation

ResourcesResources

Mediation

Utility servicesUtility

services

User servicesUser services

Applicationservices

Applicationservices

ResourcesResources

ResourcesResources ResourcesResources

PresentationPresentation

PresentationPresentation

PresentationPresentation

PresentationPresentation Library portal

PresentationPresentation Game, simulation, quiz, …

PresentationPresentation Digital lab-book

PresentationPresentation Exhibition

PresentationPresentation Learning management system

PresentationPresentation Grid portal?

PresentationPresentation Disciplinary portal

PresentationPresentation Personal or group ‘portfolio’

Service on demand – ‘threads/channels’Service on demand – ‘threads/channels’

• Do a comprehensive literature search

• Find 20 most heavily used resources on ..

• Generate a reading list

• What general material can I get this afternoon on …

• Can you answer this question

• Can you recommend some starting points for ..

• Find commentaries on …

• Can I comment on this resource

• Can I create a reading list

• I need images of x which I can use for this purpose

• Who are the most cited authors on the web in x

• Can I look for engineering drawings, previous experimental design,…

PortalsPortals

• Supplier driven view … the wrong answer to the wrong question?

• Recombinant ‘channels’– Institutional or subject portal

– Portfolio (configured to person, group, …)

– Channels (surface in space of user)

• What is the role of directory services and portal utilities?

• Architecture?

InteroperabilityInteroperability• Recombinant potential

– Disaggregating scholarly publishing

• Linking, Identifiers

– ‘Play’ learning objects• Packaged

– Federated searching• Fusing metadata

– Processing content• Structured documents

– Ingesting content

– Surface service channels

• Examples– Can I add a document

to a repository?

– Can I add a repository to a distributed query?

– Can I fuse metadata from one repository with another?

– Metadata is not just for discovery (objects, services, organizations, policies, …)

Institutional organization (Neil Mclean)Institutional organization (Neil Mclean)

“For the last decade, universities have been grappling with the growing complexities arising out of the pervasive influence of information and communication technologies. The underlying preoccupation has been with the means of managing the IT infrastructure supporting academic computing, administrative systems and library systems. Each domain has had its own particular challenges with issues of reliability and cost-effectiveness being constant themes. The growing interdependence of the various systems environments led to a focus on organisational restructuring as a solution to a range of political and functional problems. 

Towards the end of the decade, it become apparent that organisational restructuring in itself was not the answer. Put simply, the bringing together of libraries, IT services, management information systems and (sometimes) flexible learning centres has not necessarily lead to better service outcomes. There have been many examples of tightly converged organisational structures which have failed to demonstrate noticeable changes in existing service cultures and, conversely, there have been examples of rather disparate organisational structures demonstrating highly innovative service solutions.”

OrganizationOrganization• ‘Content management

systems’

• Learning content management

• Learning management

• Library system

• Manifold research repositories

• Manifold digital library systems

• Intranet/groupware/communications

• Enterprise data management

• Authentication/authorization

• Directory

• Rights management

• Manifold portals

Environment Environment

• In the shared network space we move from vertical organization around collection to horizontal organization around process and user need.

• There may be economies through

– Removing redundancy

– Cooperative processing

– Creating a shared resource

Third party servicesThird party services

• Shared cataloging

• Directory services (services, users, rights, organizations, policies – e.g. ILL)

• Archiving services (e.g. Data Archive)

• Authentication (Athens)

• Resolution services?

• Hosting services

• Harvesting services

An environment is …An environment is …

• A set of network services which work within particular technical and business constraints.

– Jisc information environment

– ‘Portal’

– Intranet

SOAP

Javascript /HTTP

Z39.50

RDN

gateway/portal

service

RDN

gateway/portal

serviceRDNGateway

For Example …For Example …

Institutional

e - print

archives

Personal

e - print

archives

OAI - PMH

E-Prints UK

Non - institutional

e - print

archives

Subject

classification

service

Name

authority

service

Citation

analysis

service

SOAP

JISC FAIR program

EnvironmentsEnvironments

• Needed to support research and learning

• Stretch services in new ways which cross organizational and institutional boundaries

– On campus

– Within wider groupings

• Multiple relationships

Conclusions – assist changeConclusions – assist change

• JISC

– Consensus making

– Funding and frameworks

– Operational leverage

– National visibility and scope

– Needs to sustain institutional ownership

– Encourage institutional development

Conclusions - changeConclusions - change

• US

– Consensus making, funding, and operational activity more intermittently connected

– More peaks – creative and productive local institutions

– ARL, CNI, DLF, IMLS, NSF, Mellon, RLG, OCLC, …

ConclusionsConclusions

• Engagement with the fabric of research and learning

– Rich experience

– Institution-building