Diversity of Living Things

Diversity of Living Things

UNIT 2: MICROBIOLOGY

2.1 Taxonomy pg. 98 - 101Definition: science of classifying organisms (both living & extinct)

Purpose of TaxonomyWhy do we classify living organisms?1. to identify organisms2. to represent evolutionary relationships among

them

Taxonomic System

developed by Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778) in Latin

based his classification on structural and physical features

the more features organisms have in common, the closer their relationship

Binomial Nomenclature(common worldwide language)

the scientific name of a species is formed by the combination of

1. Genus (always capitalized) (can be written alone)Example: Ursus = all bears

2. species (lowercase) (can never be written alone)Example: Ursus americanus = North American Black Bears

note: both are italicized

two terms:

Species

horse

+ =

donkeymules

a group of organisms with similar features that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

SPECIES:

Binomial Nomenclature

Genus Species Abbreviated1. Homo sapiens H. sapiens2. Castor canadensis C. canadensis

3. Escherichia coli E. coli

Examples

1 2 3

7 Levels of Classification

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Largest / General

Smallest / Specific

Acronym for theLevels of Classification

Katie please come over for ginger snaps Kids playing with cars on freeways get squashed Kids prefer cheese over fried green spinach King Philip came over from Greater Spain King Phillip called out for good soup King Philip came over for good spaghetti Kings play chess on funky green stools Kings possess crowns of fine gem stones Kissing people carries over fungus, germs & spit

Make your own saying!

K P C O F G S

Levels of Classification

Taxonomic ClassificationsMan Gorilla Chimpanz

eeOranguta

n Baboon

Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia AnimaliaPhyllum Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata

Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia

Order Primates Primates Primates Primates Primates

Family Hominidae

Hominidae Hominidae Hominidae Hominidae

Subfamily Homininae

Homininae Homininae Ponginae Cercopithecida

eGenus Homo Gorilla Pan Pongo Papio

Species sapiens gorilla troglodytes pygmaeus ursinusGorillas & Chimps have 98% same DNA as us

Dichotomous Key

two-part key used to identify living things a series of choices must be made each choice leads to a new branch of the

key end result is the name of the organism being

identified

Homework

Homework: Text Page 101 # 1 – 7

Activity 2.2 a - d (use figure 9 and Not 10 for part d)

SHARK ANATOMY

first dorsal fin

second dorsal fin

pectoral fin

pelvicfin

analfin

caudal fin

Dorsal side

Ventral side

gill slits

April 22, 2023 SBI3C 16

RajidaeAlopidae

Pristiophoridae

Scyliorhinidae

Carcharinidae

Rhinocodontidae

Isuridae

SqualidaeDasvatidae

Scanapanorhynchidae Pseudotriakidae

Hexanchidae SphyrnidaeMobilidae