District Wise Poverty Estimatesmpplanningcommission.gov.in › international-aided...(c) District with 50 % more poverty than state average poverty and Category Central Sample State

State Planning Commission, Madhya Pradesh

District wise Poverty

Estimates for

Madhya Pradesh

District wise Poverty

Estimates for

Madhya Pradesh

1

District wise Poverty Estimates for Madhya Pradesh

1S.P.Batra, Chitranjan Tyagi and Mangesh Tyagi

The scope of most of the studies on poverty is limited to states. The main source of data for these studies is “Consumer Expenditure Surveys” undertaken by the National Sample Survey Organization. In past years, the disparities are growing at both between and within the states. This necessitate to do the analysis at disaggregated level say district for identification of the critical areas/ districts for taking necessary steps in implementation of programmes and framing new policy interventions. The sample design adopted for National Sample Survey Organization's Consumer Expenditure Survey 2004-05, allows estimating parameters such as percentage of population living below poverty line at district level. It is because the sample design had taken districts as strata in both the rural and urban sectors. The paper “Levels of Living and Poverty Pattern: A District-wise Analysis for India” published in Economic and political Weekly, Vol XLIV No 9, February 2009 by Siladitya Choudhuri and Nivedita Gupta is appreciated attempt in this direction. On observing the results area wise i.e. rural and urban, seems to be counter intuitive in the opinion of experts knowing their state better. The main constraint is the number of observations at the district level, which varies from 30 to 520 in rural areas and in urban area 10 to 1136 depending upon the rural and urban population. Districts with low number of observations may not provide desired estimates. The national sample survey cell in state (under Directorate of Economic and Statistics) also collect data for equal sample size for each round of NSS, but collected data is not used in estimation of poverty. Directorate of Economic and Statistics,

stMadhya Pradesh had validated/cleaned the data collected for NSS 61 round. Thus using state sample along with national sample will increase the number of observation two times. Combined sample may be in the position to provide better estimates of poverty at district level for the state. In present exercise an attempt is made to analyze the State and Central sample of Consumer Expenditure Survey 2004-05 for the state of Madhya Pradesh to estimate the percentage of population living below poverty line by districts. Comparative poverty ratios calculated from Central, State and combined sample are presented separately for rural, urban and over all. Details are given in tables 4-6.In case of rural population below poverty line by district shows that from central sample, Neemuch, East Nimar, Barwani, Rajgarh and West Nimar have lowest proportion (between 0.2 to 14.1%) of population living below poverty line while Seoni, Shahdol, Dindori, Mandla and Umaria have highest proportion (between 59.9 to 76.4 %) of population living below poverty line. Estimates obtained from state sample shows that Gwalior, Mandla, Bhind, Indore, Morena and Seoni have lowest proportion (between 0.0 to 4.4%) of

1 S.P.Batra, Specialist (Statistics) and Mr. Chitranjan Tyagi (Team L eader) with Poverty Monitoring and

Policy Support Unit (PMPSU), Mr. Mangesh Tyagi, Advisor, State Planning Commission, Govern ment of

Madhya Pradesh.

2

population living below poverty line while districts of Bhopal, Harda, Panna, Shadol and Barwani have highest proportion (between 43.8 to 64.0 %) of population living below poverty line. This reveals that observed trend from two samples are divergent e.g Barwani is district with low proportion of population below poverty line as per central sample while as per state sample it is having high proportion of population below poverty line. Same is the case with Seoni which has been ranked exactly opposite by two samples. To study the relative positioning of districts, four categories are made depending on proportion of population below poverty line as compare to state average. These categories are

(a) District with more than 50 % less poverty than state average poverty(b) District with 50 % less poverty than state average poverty(c) District with 50 % more poverty than state average poverty and

Category Central Sample State Sample Combined Sample No. of common district

District with more than 50 % less poverty than State Average Povert y

Neemuch, East Nimar, Barwani, Rajgarh, West Nimar, Datia, Mandsaur, Bhind, Guna, Ratlam, Dewas

Morena, Gwalior, Mandla, Sehore, Bhind, Indore, Sheopur, Balaghat, Seoni, Shajapur, Dindori, Sagar, Jhabua, Ratlam, Shivpuri, Hoshangabad, Guna

Neemuch, Bhind, Gwalior, Morena, Rajgarh, Indore, Guna, Ratlam, Datia

1

District with 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Satna, Gwalior, Morena, Indore, Dhar, Ujjain, Shajapur, Chhindwara, Jabalpur, Bhopal. Narsimhapur

Neemuch, Umaria, Dewas, Rajgarh, Dhar, Narsimhapur, Datia, Raisen, Mandsaur, Damoh, Chhindwara

Dewas, Mandsaur, East Nimar, Shajapur, Dhar, Sheopur, Sehore, Shivpuri, West Nimar, Narsimhapur, Ujjain, Chhindwara, Hoshangabad

3

District with 50 % more poverty than State Average Poverty

Hoshangabad, Harda, Sheopur, Shivpuri, Sehore, Rewa, Tikamgarh, Katni, Damoh, Panna, Vidisha, Chhatarpur, Balaghat, Betul

Vidisha, Sidhi, Rewa, Ujjain, Tikamgarh, Jabalpur

Satna, Balaghat, Jabalpur, Barwani, Sagar, Rewa, Jhabua, Tikamgarh, Vidisha, Damoh, Seoni, Katni, Raisen, Bhopal

3

District with More than 50 % higher poverty than State Average Poverty

Sagar, Jhabua, Sidhi, Raisen, Seoni, Shahdol, Dindori, Mandla, Umaria

Katni, East Nimar, Chhatarpur, West Nimar, Betul, Satna, Panna, Bhopal, Harda, Shahdol, Barwani

Dindori, Sidhi, Harda, Chhatarpur, Mandla, Betul, Panna, Umaria, Shahdol

1

3

(d) District with more than 50 % higher poverty than state average povertyThe relative positioning of district is not in line with general perception as revealed from central, state and combined sample as shown in chart 1. Chart 1: Rural Poverty: To improve upon the estimates, there is need to probe further and to find available alternatives. In this direction, examination of average per capita consumer expenditure per person per month as estimated from both samples is shown below. It is found that there is variation in average per capita consumer expenditure for both rural and urban areas. In rural area average MPCE is higher in case of state sample than central sample and reverse trend is found in case of urban areas. Estimated Average MPCE- 2004-05

Assuming that estimates as obtained from central sample are close to actual average MPCE, than state sample is overestimating in case of rural area and under estimating in urban area. To bring both the sample at same levels, than MPCE at household level has been neutralized by the factor of extent of over estimation and under estimation for both rural and urban areas in state sample. On revised data, estimates of population below poverty level have been estimated for state sample and combined sample. The results are depicted in table 7 to 9. The relative positioning of districts for central, state and combined sample is presented below. It is observed that in each of four categories the number of common district has increased. Overall the number of common districts has increased from eight to twelve. This indicates an improvement over previous exercise. See Chart 2.

Sample Rural Urban

Central Sample 439.06 903.67State Sample 521.06 728.06

4

Category Central Sample State Sample Combined Sample No. of common district

District with More than 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Neemuch, East Nimar, Barwani, Rajgarh, West Nimar, Datia, Mandsaur, Bhind, Guna, Ratlam, Dewas

Mandla, Indore, Gwalior, Morena, Seoni, Bhind, Balaghat, Shajapur, Shivpuri, Guna, Sheopur

Gwalior, Indore, Morena, Bhind, Guna, Neemuch

2

District with 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Satna, Gwalior, Morena, Indore, Dhar, Ujjain, Shajapur, Chhindwara, Jabalpur, Bhopal. Narsimhapur

Sehore, Narsimhapur, Dewas, Dhar, Hoshangabad, Sagar, Mandsaur, Rajgarh, Dindori, Datia, Raisen, Jhabua, Neemuch, Ujjain

Rajgarh, Dewas, Mandsaur, Shajapur, Datia, Dhar, East Nimar, Shivpuri, Sheopur, Ratlam, Narsimhapur, Sehore, Ujjain, Hoshangabad, Balaghat, West Nimar, Chhindwara

3

District with 50 % more poverty than State Average Poverty

Hoshangabad, Harda, Sheopur, Shivpuri, Sehore, Rewa, Tikamgarh, Katni, Damoh, Panna, Vidisha, Chhatarpur, Balaghat, Betul

Vidisha, Chhindwara, Damoh, Ratlam, Rewa, Betul, Sidhi, Tikamgarh, East Nimar, Jabalpur, Chhatarpur

Satna, Seoni, Sagar, Jabalpur, Bhopal, Vidisha, Rewa, Damoh, Jhabua, Mandla, Barwani, Tikamgarh, Raisen, Katni, Betul, Chhatarpur, Dindori

5

District with More than 50 % higher poverty than State Average Poverty

Sagar, Jhabua, Sidhi, Raisen, Seoni, Shahdol, Dindori, Mandla, Umaria

Bhopal, Katni, West Nimar, Satna, Shahdol, Umaria, Panna, Harda, Barwani

Sidhi, Panna, Harda, Shahdol, Umaria

2

Chart 2: Rural Poverty: MPCE Normalized at State Level:

On comparison of average MPCE, at district level for rural and urban area for both central and state sample, it is observed that the degree of variation differs for each district as show in table below. Thus the variation in state sample has to be neutralized for each district to bring it in line with central sample as done at state level in earlier exercise. The proportion of population below poverty line has been calculated for state and combined sample. This exercise revealed that the number of common district in each category has increase substantially. In case of rural area overall the number of common districts has increased from increased from 8 to 25. See Chart 3.

5

Comparison of Average MPCE District wise:

Districts

State Sample

Central Sample

Difference in MPCE

Variation in MPCE as compare to central sample (in %)

Rural

Urban

Rural

Urban

Rural

Urban

Rural

Urban

Sheopur

506

735

481

790

-25

55

-5.26

6.92

Morena

614

704

469

645

-145

-59

-31.00

-9.17

Bhind

597

683

567

596

-30

-87

-5.29

-14.59

Gwalior

570

955

502

941

-68

-13

-13.47

-1.42

Datia

545

705

542

698

-3

-7

-0.59

-1.00

Shivpuri

572

761

361

479

-210

-282

-58.18

-58.83 Guna

698

809

444

665

-254

-143

-57.13

-21.57

Tikamgarh

441

615

358

653

-82

38

-22.99

5.82 Chhatarpur

430

491

354

496

-76

5

-21.42

1.02

Panna

392

506

376

589

-16

83

-4.26

14.13 Sagar

571

584

377

551

-194

-33

-51.42

-6.03

Damoh 506 803 378 486 -127 -317 -33.65 -65.25 Satna 443 692 508 646 65 -45 12.80 -7.02 Rewa 465 576 405 773 -61 197 -15.00 25.43 Umaria 423 730 289 973 -134 242 -46.45 24.89 Shahdol 373 796 333 961 -40 164 -12.05 17.12 Sidhi 480 782 366 1121 -113 339 -30.96 30.22 Neemuch 502 878 668 933 166 55 24.88 5.91

Mandsaur 582 635 566 1043 -16 408 -2.81 39.14

Ratlam

534

700

416

565

-118

-135

-28.49

-23.96

Ujjain

596

874

566

1542

-30

668

-5.32

43.33

Shajapur

619

705

483

725

-136

21

-28.18

2.84

Dewas

499

482

749

577

250

95

33.42

16.43

Jhabua

469

740

350

778

-119

37

-33.99

4.81

Dhar

537

737

589

654

52

-83

8.88

-12.69

Indore

614

1075

535

1648

-79

573

-14.77

34.77

West Nimar

420

513

475

708

55

196

11.55

27.61

Barwani

358

601

438

627

81

26

18.38

4.20

East Nimar

398

721

504

701

106

-20

21.05

-2.85

Rajgarh

553

610

599

893

46

283

7.64

31.68

Vidisha

580

507

416

817

-163

310

-39.28

37.97

Bhopal

602

1016

421

856

-182

-159

-43.13

-18.62

Sehore

601

629

373

632

-228

3

-61.23

0.41

Raisen

535

588

327

626

-208

39

-63.74

6.18

Betul

464

659

350

960

-114

302

-32.65

31.41

Harda

371

597

469

1076

97

479

20.78

44.54

Hoshangabad

559

608

470

855

-88

246

-18.75

28.82

Katni

436

692

375

640

-60

-53

-16.13

-8.25

Jabalpur

452

632

459

871

8

238

1.66

27.36

Narsimhapur

558

928

394

681

-164

-247

-41.67

-36.27

Dindori

521

709

278

637

-242

-72

-87.10

-11.24

Mandla

650

969

312

669

-338

-300

-108.24

-44.76

Chhindwara

465

432

462

859

-3

426

-0.69

49.66

Seoni

760

1026

349

621

-412

-405

-118.10

-65.13

Balaghat

634

844

368

644

-267

-200

-72.51

-30.98

MP

521

728

439

904

-82

176

-18.68

19.43

6

Chart 3: Rural Poverty: Normalized at District Level State Level:

Category Central Sample State Sample Combined Sample No. of common district

District with More than 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Neemuch, East Nimar, Barwani, Rajgarh, West Nimar, Datia, Mandsaur, Bhind, Guna, Ratlam, Dewas (11)

Neemuch, Gwalior, Dewas, Dhar, Bhind, Indore, Morena, East Nimar, Rajgarh, Satna, Datia, Sheopur, West Nimar (13)

Neemuch, East Nimar, Bhind, Gwalior, Dewas, Rajgarh, Indore, Dhar, Barwani, Datia, Morena, West Nimar, Satna, Mandsaur (14)

7

District with 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Satna, Gwalior, Morena, Indore, Dhar, Ujjain, Shajapur, Chhindwara, Jabalpur, Bhopal. Narsimhapur (11)

Mandsaur, Chhindwara, Barwani, Hoshangabad, Ujjain, Shajapur, Jabalpur, Harda, Guna (9)

Sheopur, Guna, Chhindwara, Ujjain, Shajapur, Ratlam, Jabalpur, Hoshangabad, Harda (9)

5

District with 50 % more poverty than State Average Poverty

Hoshangabad, Harda, Sheopur, Shivpuri, Sehore, Rewa, Tikamgarh, Katni, Damoh, Panna, Vidisha, Chhatarpur, Balaghat, Betul (14)

Rewa, Ratlam, Balaghat, Panna, Shivpuri, Katni, Narsimhapur, Sagar, Tikamgarh (9)

Shivpuri, Rewa, Narsimhapur, Panna, Sehore, Tikamgarh, Katni, Balaghat, Bhopal, Vidisha, Chhatarpur, Sagar (12)

5

District with More than 50 % higher poverty than State Average Poverty

Sagar, Jhabua, Sidhi, Raisen, Seoni, Shahdol, Dindori, Mandla, Umaria (9)

Chhatarpur, Jhabua, Vidisha, Betul, Seoni, Sehore, Raisen, Shahdol, Sidhi, Damoh, Bhopal, Mandla, Dindori, Umaria (14)

Damoh, Jhabua, Betul, Raisen, Sidhi, Seoni, Shahdol, Mandla, Dindori, Umaria (10)

8

7

The results of similar exercise for urban areas have revealed improvement in relative positioning. See chart 4 to 6.

Chart 4: Urban Poverty: Category Central Sample State Sample Combined Sample No. of common

district District with More than 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Shahdol, Mandsaur, Sidhi, Indore, Umaria

Seoni, Gwalior, Indore, Mandla

Indore 1

District with 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Ujjain, Rajgarh, Neemuch, Jabalpur, Bhopal, East Nimar, Hoshangabad, Morena, Jhabua

Guna, Balaghat, Ujjain, Neemuch, Morena, Shivpuri, Sidhi, Narsimhapur, Jabalpur, Bhopal, Damoh, Dindori, Shahdol,

Bhind,

Shajapur, Sheopur, Betul, Sehore, Satna, East Nimar

Sidhi, Ujjain, Neemuch, Gwalior, Shahdol, Morena, Balaghat, Jabalpur, Mandla, Bhopal, Seoni, Narsimhapur, Guna, Shajapur, East Nimar, Mandsaur, Umaria, Dindori, Betul, Satna

6

District with 50 % more poverty than State Average Poverty

Dhar, Satna, Rewa, Gwalior, Shajapur, Panna, Sehore, Sheopur, Harda, Raisen, Balaghat, Mandla, Dewas, Betul, West Nimar, Dindori, Vidisha, Katni, Barwani, Narsimhapur, Tikamgarh, Guna, Seoni, Chhindwara, Ratlam, Chhatarpur, Datia

Ratlam, Jhabua, Umaria, Tikamgarh, Katni, Mandsaur, Rajgarh, Harda, Barwani, Dhar, Rewa, Datia, Sagar, Hoshangabad, Vidisha

Sehore, Sheopur, Jhabua, Damoh, Rajgarh, Tikamgarh, Hoshangabad, Harda, Katni, Bhind, Rewa, Dhar, Shivpuri, Ratlam, Barwani, Vidisha, Datia, Panna, Sagar

8

District with More than 50 % higher poverty than State Average Poverty

Sagar, Bhind, Damoh, Shivpuri

Panna, Raisen, Dewas, West Nimar, Chhatarpur, Chhindwara

Dewas, Raisen, West Nimar, Chhindwara, Chhatarpur

0

8

Chart 5: Urban Poverty: Normalized at State Level:

Category Central Sample State Sample Combined Sample

No. of common district

District with More than 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Shahdol, Mandsaur, Sidhi, Indore, Umaria

Mandla, Seoni, Ujjain, Morena, Bhind, Shivpuri, Guna, Gwalior, Neemuch, Bhopal, Sidhi

Ujjain 0

District with 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Ujjain, Rajgarh, Neemuch, Jabalpur, Bhopal, East Nimar, Hoshangabad, Morena, Jhabua

Narsimhapur, Indore, Damoh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shahdol, Balaghat, Dindori, Satna, Dhar, Umaria

Sidhi, Neemuch, Morena, Indore, Shahdol, Mandla, Bhopal, Shajapur, Mandsaur, Umaria , Narsimhapur, Gwalior, Guna, Dhar, Balaghat, Jabalpur, Rajgarh

0

District with 50 % more poverty than State Average Poverty

Dhar, Satna, Rewa, Gwalior, Shajapur, Panna, Sehore, Sheopur, Harda, Raisen, Balaghat, Mandla, Dewas, Betul, West Nimar, Dindori, Vidisha, Katni, Barwani, Narsimhapur, Tikamgarh, Guna, Seoni, Chhindwara, Ratlam, Chhatarpur, Datia

Rewa, Sehore, Katni, Jabalpur, Mandsaur, Jhabua, Betul, Sheopur, Rajgarh, Sagar, Tikamgarh, East Nimar, Barwani

Rewa, Sehore, Seoni, Jhabua, Dindori, Satna, Betul, Bhind, Damoh, East Nimar, Tikamgarh, Katni, Sheopur, Ratlam, Barwani, Hoshangabad, Raisen, Sagar, Shivpuri, Harda, Dewas

7

District with More than 50 % higher poverty than State Average Poverty

Sagar, Bhind, Damoh, Shivpuri

Raisen, Dewas, Harda, Hoshangabad, Vidisha, Datia, West Nimar, Panna, Chhatarpur, Chhindwara

Panna, Vidisha, West Nimar, Datia, Chhatarpur, Chhindwara

0

9

Chart 6: Urban Poverty: Normalized at District Level:

Category Central Sample State Sample Combined Sample No. of common district

District with More than 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Shahdol, Mandsaur, Sidhi, Indore, Umaria

Mandsaur, Ujjain, Indore, Chhindwara, Sidhi, Betul, Gwalior

Mandsaur, Ujjain, Indore, Sidhi, Shahdol

4

District with 50 % less poverty than State Average Poverty

Ujjain, Rajgarh, Neemuch, Jabalpur, Bhopal, East Nimar, Hoshangabad, Morena, Jhabua

Rajgarh, Neemuch, Jabalpur, Shahdol, Rewa, Harda, Vidisha, Umaria, Morena, Sehore, West Nimar

Rajgarh, Betul, Neemuch, Chhindwara, Umaria, Jabalpur, Rewa, Gwalior, Harda, Morena, Vidisha, Sehore, Hoshangabad

3

District with 50 % more poverty than State Average Poverty

Dhar, Satna, Rewa, Gwalior, Shajapur, Panna, Sehore, Sheopur, Harda, Raisen, Balaghat, Mandla, Dewas, Betul, West Nimar, Dindori, Vidisha, Katni, Barwani, Narsimhapur, Tikamgarh, Guna, Seoni, Chhindwara, Ratlam, Chhatarpur, Datia

Shajapur, Hoshangabad, Sheopur, Jhabua, Satna, Narsimhapur, East Nimar, Guna, Tikamgarh, Dindori, Mandla, Seoni, Balaghat, Dewas, Panna, Bhopal, Barwani

Shajapur, East Nimar, West Nimar, Jhabua, Satna, Sheopur, Tikamgarh, Narsimhapur, Bhopal, Balaghat, Mandla, Dewas, Dindori, Guna, Panna, Seoni, Barwani, Dhar, Katni, Raisen

13

District with More than 50 % higher poverty than State Average Poverty

Sagar, Bhind, Damoh, Shivpuri

Dhar, Katni, Raisen, Datia, Bhind, Ratlam, Damoh, Sagar, Shivpuri, Chhatarpur

Datia, Ratlam, Bhind, Damoh, Sagar, Chhatarpur, Shivpuri

4

10

Thus the improvement in relative positioning shows that the estimates obtained from combined sample after neutralizing state sample at district level are much better as compare to those obtained from without neutralizing state sample and neutralizing state sample at state level with that of central sample. The results obtained are in line with general perception of experts who are well versed with state situation though with few exceptions. Thus using these results one has to be cautious.The estimated proportion of population obtained from combined sample of State and Central after neutralizing MPCE of state level with respect to central at district level is used to revise the estimates of district wise poverty taking over all Rural and Urban poverty for the state as given by Planning Commission Government of India, 2007. In addition to this following assumption have been made: Assumptions:

1. Distribution of Rural and urban Population among districts will be same as estimated from combined sample.

2. Using District-wise, Rural and Urban Poverty ratio as calculated from above exercise. The population below poverty line for each district has been calculated.

3. Number of BPL Households has been estimated on the basis of (i) assuming Average Household size in the district (ii) assuming Average Household size of BPL families in the district as calculated from combined sample.

On comparison of district wise rural poverty and per capita income from agriculture (inclusive of animal husbandry) below and above state average 18 out of 22 are common districts (above state average of rural poverty) and 9 out of 23 are common in case of state below average of rural poverty. In case of urban poverty, comparison is done per capita income from other than primary sector. It is found that24 out of 27 districts are common in case of above state average of urban poverty and 10 out of 18 districts are common in case of below state average of urban poverty. As poverty is the function of extent of equitable distribution of income among population under consideration. In absence of income distribution data to estimate Gini coefficients/ Lorenz curve etc., which are measures to judge how equitable is income distribution. Thus it seems that estimates of poverty obtained from combined central and state sample with normalization of monthly per capita expenditure (uniform reference period) at district levels are better as compare to those obtained from individual samples.It is estimated that of the total population 65.20 million 25.03 million were below poverty line in 2004-05. In rural Madhya Pradesh during 2004-05, there were 30, 19,221 households living below poverty line and in urban area the number of such households were 12, 95,423. The total number of households living below poverty line were 43, 14,644. It has been calculated on the basis of average household size of BPL households. The district wise estimates are presented for rural, urban and combined in Table 1 to 3.

11

Table 1: Estimates of Population and households living below poverty line in Rural MP 2004-05

Districts

Rural

Projected Population

Projected Population

below poverty line

% of Population

below poverty line

Number of Households

below poverty line(based on

Avg. HHD size)

Number of Households below

poverty line(based on Avg. HHD size of

BPL hhd )

Sheopur

527744

129445

24.5

22956

21489

Morena

1405864

209416

14.9

33130

30122

Bhind

1167312

104008

8.9

17019

15559

Gwalior

777090

75053

9.7

10860

11008

Datia

570136

80744

14.2

14772

12129

Shivpuri

1239552

532520

43.0

98361

98280

Guna

1287108

335284

26.0

67375

55562

Tikamgarh

1102876

542491

49.2

98689

80742

Chhatarpur

1395381

757202

54.3

125721

104024

Panna

858985

409073

47.6

87856

71624

Sagar

1574855

856959

54.4

172606

166346

Damoh

1021636

578581

56.6

116389

97886

Satna

1651686

278020

16.8

52067

48524

Rewa

1739255

757540

43.6

151284

158078

Umaria

466281

396787

85.1

78294

73058

Shahdol

1267929

812512

64.1

165362

166083

Sidhi

1689850

1024824

60.6

197029

194365

Neemuch

528127

471

0.1

97

121

Mandsaur

972088

173277

17.8

33444

27364

Ratlam

1032674

308009

29.8

55382

45661

Ujjain

1089695

297692

27.3

55388

44156

Shajapur

1158221

319539

27.6

58033

60885

Dewas

979599

95523

9.8

17617

17512

Jhabua

1534775

877705

57.2

141881

121932

Dhar

1593679

214574

13.5

38934

28632

Indore

824066

100191

12.2

18477

14044

West Nimar

1367278

210441

15.4

38596

26935

Barwani

920441

124521

13.5

21462

17148

East Nimar

1334267

98191

7.4

17531

12260

Rajgarh

1129988

137275

12.1

22728

18663

Vidisha

857088

463690

54.1

97633

69511

Bhopal

365069

195911

53.7

34910

28658

Sehore

814420

400152

49.1

71571

63019

Raisen

938734

566914

60.4

99156

91220

Betul

1265703

727253

57.5

126588

107299

Harda

437446

151970

34.7

28038

23766

Hoshangabad

757244

247552

32.7

45786

43614

Katni

931159

460757

49.5

95236

86818

Jabalpur

1000311

302944

30.3

66705

63957

Narsimhapur

834196

367244

44.0

70781

60333

Dindori

567580

457291

80.6

97034

87580

Mandla

765370

593038

77.5

130927

100816

Chhindwara

1392132

367012

26.4

77622

72515

Seoni

1198463

740599

61.8

157537

127172

Balaghat

1300646

646057

49.7

148677

152751

MP 47634000 17528263 36.8 3377540 3019221

12

Table 2: Estimates of Population and households living below poverty line in urban MP 2004-05

Districts

Urban

Projected Population

Projected Population below poverty line

% of Population below poverty line

Number of Households below poverty line(based on Avg. HHD size)

Number of Households below poverty line(based on Avg. HHD size of BPL hhd )

Sheopur

78433

37834

48.2

6284

6124

Morena

365987

141630

38.7

26708

24079

Bhind

467472

327487

70.1

61423

52707

Gwalior

729441

248007

34.0

46261

39680

Datia

146535

96716

66.0

19867

18832

Shivpuri

200601

168872

84.2

33983

29860

Guna

388269

213327

54.9

45732

37885

Tikamgarh

412029

209442

50.8

37721

39040

Chhatarpur

389978

324797

83.3

64050

58887

Panna

148045

81579

55.1

15421

14288

Sagar

795431

589355

74.1

106558

101467

Damoh

188452

137362

72.9

27929

26509

Satna

388666

184350

47.4

32929

28630

Rewa

295404

96048

32.5

16719

15586

Umaria

106620

29944

28.1

7253

7206

Shahdol

714404

148135

20.7

30748

28608

Sidhi

259496

44358

17.1

8808

7976

Neemuch

203711

52636

25.8

9760

9716

Mandsaur

208083

17763

8.5

3939

3679

Ratlam

494512

341169

69.0

58941

53913

Ujjain

797565

103711

13.0

19933

16978

Shajapur

460089

203009

44.1

38992

37641

Dewas

363747

197527

54.3

35252

32768

Jhabua

192028

87602

45.6

17464

15155

Dhar

228987

139117

60.8

26623

24150

Indore

1378971

232401

16.9

50663

35366

West Nimar

234855

106848

45.5

19871

18595

Barwani

193945

116461

60.0

27687

26154

East Nimar

530933

234500

44.2

44377

42119

Rajgarh

485956

114898

23.6

20633

19712

Vidisha

260298

102408

39.3

19744

15992

Bhopal

1455781

750199

51.5

152999

116559

Sehore

213972

86769

40.6

15846

15694

Raisen

483275

309263

64.0

52198

41025

Betul

403389

100153

24.8

17709

15628

Harda

102620

37242

36.3

7010

6499

Hoshangabad

520361

220945

42.5

41327

39443

Katni

228720

145341

63.5

31394

26696

Jabalpur

870594

250842

28.8

49860

45953

Narsimhapur

187966

95621

50.9

21183

19235

Dindori

10297

5636

54.7

1191

1035

Mandla

65382

34513

52.8

7208

6840

Chhindwara

596317

163963

27.5

33572

31450

Seoni

95223

55542

58.3

13464

11756

Balaghat

224159

117814

52.6

27324

28305

MP 17567000 7503136 42.7 1454557 1295423

13

Table 3: Estimates of Population and households living below poverty line in MP 2004-05

Districts Rural and Urban Combined

Projected Population Projected Population below

poverty line

% of Population below poverty line

Number of Households below poverty line(based

on Avg. HHD size)

Number of Households below

poverty line(based on Avg. HHD size of BPL

hhd ) Sheopur 606177 167279 27.60 29240 27613 Morena 1771852 351046 19.81 59838 54201

Bhind 1634783 431495 26.39 78441 68267

Gwalior 1506531 323060 21.44 57121 50688

Datia 716671 177460 24.76 34639 30961

Shivpuri

1440152

701393

48.70

132344

128140

Guna

1675377

548610

32.75

113106

93448

Tikamgarh

1514906

751932

49.64

136410

119783

Chhatarpur

1785360

1082000

60.60

189771

162911

Panna

1007030

490652

48.72

103276

85913

Sagar

2370285

1446314

61.02

279164

267813

Damoh

1210088

715943

59.16

144318

124395

Satna

2040351

462370

22.66

84996

77154

Rewa

2034659

853588

41.95

168002

173665

Umaria

572901

426732

74.49

85547

80264

Shahdol

1982333

960648

48.46

196110

194691

Sidhi

1949347

1069182

54.85

205837

202341

Neemuch

731838

53108

7.26

9857

9838

Mandsaur

1180171

191040

16.19

37384

31043

Ratlam

1527186

649178

42.51

114324

99574

Ujjain

1887260

401403

21.27

75321

61134

Shajapur

1618310

522548

32.29

97025

98526

Dewas

1343346

293050

21.81

52869

50279

Jhabua

1726803

965306

55.90

159345

137087

Dhar

1822666

353692

19.41

65556

52782

Indore

2203037

332592

15.10

69140

49410

West Nimar

1602133

317288

19.80

58467

45531

Barwani

1114386

240982

21.62

49148

43301

East Nimar

1865199

332691

17.84

61907

54379

Rajgarh

1615944

252173

15.61

43361

38374

Vidisha

1117386

566098

50.66

117377

85503

Bhopal

1820849

946110

51.96

187909

145217

Sehore

1028392

486921

47.35

87417

78713

Raisen

1422009

876176

61.62

151354

132246

Betul

1669091

827406

49.57

144296

122927

Harda

540067

189212

35.04

35048

30265

Hoshangabad

1277605

468497

36.67

87114

83057

Katni

1159880

606098

52.26

126630

113514

Jabalpur

1870905

553787

29.60

116565

109909

Narsimhapur

1022163

462865

45.28

91964

79568

Dindori

577877

462927

80.11

98225

88615

Mandla

830752

627551

75.54

138135

107656

Chhindwara

1988449

530975

26.70

111194

103965

Seoni

1293686

796141

61.54

171001

138929

Balaghat 1524805 763871 50.10 176001 181056MP 65201000 25031399 38.39 4832097 4314644

14

Table 4: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample: Rural

Districts

Central Sample

State Sample

Combined

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

Sheopur

37.6

25

14.0

17

18.0

15

Morena

20.8

14

1.5

4

10.0

4

Bhind

16.4

8

0.8

2

8.2

2

Gwalior

20.5

13

0.0

1

8.9

3

Datia

14.7

6

11.4

13

13.1

9

Shivpuri

38.7

26

7.2

10

20.8

17

Guna

16.6

9

8.1

11

11.7

7

Tikamgarh

44.1

29

32.5

33

32.6

30

Chhatarpur

52.8

34

38.3

37

40.8

40

Panna

49.6

32

48.4

42

43.3

43

Sagar

55.7

37

11.2

12

29.1

27

Damoh

49.0

31

26.1

28

34.5

32

Satna

19.8

12

41.5

38

26.4

23

Rewa

43.1

28

32.3

32

31.0

28

Umaria

76.4

45

31.2

31

48.4

44

Shahdol

64.4

42

50.3

43

55.3

45

Sidhi

57.6

39

26.5

29

39.8

38

Neemuch

0.2

1

21.7

24

4.5

1

Mandsaur

15.5

7

17.3

20

14.4

11

Ratlam

17.1

10

22.1

26

11.8

8

Ujjain

28.9

17

22.1

25

23.3

20

Shajapur

29.0

18

7.0

9

16.9

13

Dewas

17.7

11

13.5

15

14.0

10

Jhabua

56.9

38

18.8

21

32.3

29

Dhar

23.9

16

14.5

18

17.2

14

Indore

21.8

15

1.0

3

11.2

6

West Nimar

14.1

5

41.6

39

21.7

18

Barwani

6.3

3

64.0

44

29.0

26

East Nimar

4.7

2

35.7

35

16.6

12

Rajgarh

11.9

4

16.1

19

11.2

5

Vidisha

51.3

33

19.9

23

33.0

31

Bhopal

34.5

21

43.8

40

37.5

36

Sehore

39.1

27

6.2

7

20.6

16

Raisen

58.1

40

19.3

22

37.0

35

Betul

53.7

36

36.0

36

42.9

42

Harda

37.2

24

47.7

41

40.4

39

Hoshangabad

37.2

23

13.1

14

24.0

22

Katni

48.9

30

35.1

34

36.5

34

Jabalpur

33.3

20

27.8

30

28.0

25

Narsimhapur

36.6

22

13.8

16

23.3

19

Dindori

72.0

43

6.7

8

39.5

37

Mandla

73.7

44

0.0

1

42.9

41

Chhindwara

30.9

19

23.9

27

23.5

21

Seoni

59.9

41

4.4

5

34.9

33

Balaghat

53.5

35

5.9

6

27.0

24

MP

36.8

25

21.9

26.3

15

Table 5: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample: Urban

Districts

Central Sample

State Sample

Combined

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

Sheopur

49.2

22

40.4

24

44.7

23

Morena

42.1

13

18.7

5

30.8

7

Bhind

69.1

43

32.0

18

53.0

31

Gwalior

46.8

18

16.0

3

30.6

5

Datia

64.0

41

60.3

37

61.2

38

Shivpuri

77.4

45

24.2

9

54.3

34

Guna

58.4

36

14.0

2

38.2

14

Tikamgarh

58.3

35

45.7

29

50.8

27

Chhatarpur

62.2

40

78.3

44

77.2

45

Panna

48.2

20

64.9

41

62.2

39

Sagar

67.5

42

60.3

38

63.5

40

Damoh

70.1

44

28.8

13

48.3

25

Satna

45.0

16

38.0

22

44.0

21 Rewa

46.5

17

51.0

32

53.3

32 Umaria

20.9

5

46.0

30

42.5

18 Shahdol

12.6

1

31.6

17

30.8

6 Sidhi

19.4

3

22.4

8

23.3

2 Neemuch 32.7 8 20.6 6 27.9 4

Mandsaur 18.0 2 45.1 28 42.4 17 Ratlam 61.7 39 35.9 20 54.5 35 Ujjain 25.4 6 25.2 11 25.7 3 Shajapur 48.0 19 39.2 23 40.9 15

Dewas 53.4 27 69.9 42 67.0 41

Jhabua

42.3

14

42.3

25

45.5

24

Dhar

44.5

15

53.8

34

53.5

33

Indore

20.2

4

21.0

7

20.9

1

West Nimar

54.9

29

76.5

43

70.6

43

Barwani

58.0

33

55.1

35

55.7

36

East Nimar

37.7

11

43.5

26

41.0

16

Rajgarh

25.9

7

52.7

33

49.0

26

Vidisha

56.8

31

61.4

40

61.1

37

Bhopal

34.8

10

28.7

12

34.6

11

Sehore

48.5

21

30.4

15

44.1

22

Raisen

50.9

24

60.7

39

67.5

42

Betul

54.1

28

36.5

21

43.9

20

Harda

50.6

23

49.6

31

52.7

29

Hoshangabad

39.3

12

57.1

36

50.8

28

Katni

56.9

32

44.5

27

52.9

30

Jabalpur

33.9

9

30.8

16

32.6

9

Narsimhapur

58.1

34

29.6

14

36.8

13

Dindori

55.8

30

32.7

19

43.4

19

Mandla

52.8

26

18.2

4

33.2

10

Chhindwara

60.1

38

80.0

45

76.4

44

Seoni

59.8

37

9.0

1

36.1

12

Balaghat

52.3

25

24.6

10

31.7

8

MP

42.7

41.0

44.0

16

Table 6: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample: Total

Districts Central Sample State Sample Combined % of Population below poverty line

Rank % of Population below poverty line

Rank % of Population below poverty line

Rank

Sheopur 39.5 24 7.8 4 22.0 7

Morena 23.9 9 8.0 5 14.9 2

Bhind 33.1 16 13.1 10 22.6 9

Gwalior 34.7 19 8.6 7 20.3 6

Datia 20.9 8 27.0 25 24.3 11

Shivpuri 46.1 29 9.1 8 26.1 16

Guna 26.0 12 12.1 9 18.6 4

Tikamgarh

45.4

28

33.4

32

38.1

32

Chhatarpur

53.9

38

47.1

44

49.9

45

Panna

49.4

30

44.4

41

46.5

42

Sagar

59.1

41

29.5

27

42.0

37

Damoh

51.7

33

19.6

18

37.0

30

Satna

25.1

11

35.8

37

30.2

22

Rewa

43.4

27

26.8

24

34.8

26

Umaria

71.6

43

22.1

21

47.1

43

Shahdol

51.0

32

41.7

39

45.5

41

Sidhi

51.7

34

18.1

16

37.2

31

Neemuch

7.3

1

14.8

14

11.8

1

Mandsaur

15.9

5

23.1

23

20.0

5

Ratlam

33.7

18

20.3

19

27.2

18

Ujjain

27.5

14

22.2

22

24.4

13

Shajapur

31.9

15

19.5

17

24.5

14

Dewas

27.2

13

32.9

31

30.2

21

Jhabua

55.8

39

13.5

11

34.0

24

Dhar

25.0

10

20.4

20

22.5

8

Indore

20.7

7

14.3

13

17.7

3

West Nimar

18.8

6

40.6

38

29.9

20

Barwani

11.1

2

50.5

4

34.3

25

East Nimar

14.2

4

34.0

5

24.4

12

Rajgarh

13.5

3

32.5

10

23.9

10

Vidisha

52.4

35

30.4

7

40.4

35

Bhopal

34.7

20

35.3

25

35.1

28

Sehore

40.5

26

13.7

8

26.2

17

Raisen

57.1

40

43.1

9

48.5

44

Betul

53.8

37

35.6

32

43.1

40

Harda

39.5

25

46.0

44

43.0

39

Hoshangabad

38.1

22

33.6

41

36.0

29

Katni

50.4

31

30.4

27

40.2

34

Jabalpur

33.5

17

27.9

18

30.3

23

Narsimhapur

39.2

23

15.8

37

26.1

15

Dindori

71.8

44

5.3

24

39.6

33

Mandla

72.5

45

3.0

21

42.0

38

Chhindwara

37.3

21

44.4

39

41.3

36

Seoni

59.9

42

4.8

16

35.0

27

Balaghat

53.4

36

8.4

14

27.8

19

MP

38.2

26.1

31.7

17

Table 7: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample (After MPCE Neutralization using Average MPCE at State Level for State Sample): Rural

Districts Central Sample State Sample Combined % of

Population below poverty

line

Rank % of Population

below poverty line

Rank % of Population below poverty

line

Rank

Sheopur 37.6 25 14.0 11 24.4 15

Morena 20.8 14 2.6 4 11.4 3

Bhind

16.4

8

7.7

6

11.9

4

Gwalior

20.5

13

2.1

3

10.1

1

Datia

14.7

6

26.9

21

20.7

11

Shivpuri

38.7

26

12.2

9

24.0

14

Guna

16.6

9

13.1

10

14.9

5

Tikamgarh

44.1

29

42.5

33

43.4

35

Chhatarpur

52.8

34

44.3

36

48.4

39

Panna

49.6

32

60.7

43

55.7

42

Sagar

55.7

37

21.7

17

38.0

26

Damoh

49.0

31

32.7

28

42.1

31

Satna

19.8

12

52.9

40

35.4

24

Rewa

43.1

28

39.4

30

41.3

30

Umaria

76.4

45

60.2

42

69.7

45

Shahdol

64.4

42

58.6

41

61.6

44

Sidhi

57.6

39

42.3

32

51.0

41

Neemuch

0.2

1

27.5

24

15.3

6

Mandsaur

15.5

7

21.8

18

18.9

9

Ratlam

17.1

10

36.7

29

26.7

16

Ujjain

28.9

17

29.5

25

29.3

19

Shajapur

29.0

18

10.4

8

19.8

10

Dewas

17.7

11

19.6

14

18.6

8

Jhabua

56.9

38

27.3

23

42.5

32

Dhar

23.9

16

19.9

15

21.9

12

Indore

21.8

15

1.0

2

11.2

2

West Nimar

14.1

5

49.4

39

31.0

22

Barwani

6.3

3

75.4

45

43.2

34

East Nimar

4.7

2

43.3

34

23.6

13

Rajgarh

11.9

4

24.4

19

16.9

7

Vidisha

51.3

33

31.3

26

41.1

29

Bhopal

34.5

21

45.3

37

40.3

28

Sehore

39.1

27

17.1

12

28.5

18

Raisen

58.1

40

27.3

22

43.8

36

Betul

53.7

36

41.3

31

47.5

38

Harda

37.2

24

75.1

44

56.9

43

Hoshangabad

37.2

23

21.0

16

30.2

20

Katni

48.9

30

45.4

38

47.2

37

Jabalpur

33.3

20

44.2

35

38.9

27

Narsimhapur

36.6

22

19.4

13

27.9

17

Dindori

72.0

43

25.1

20

49.4

40

Mandla

73.7

44

0.0

1

42.9

33

Chhindwara

30.9

19

32.1

27

31.4

23

Seoni

59.9

41

6.2

5

35.7

25

Balaghat

53.5

35

10.0

7

30.4

21

MP

36.8

25

29.8

33.4

18

Table 8: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample (After MPCE Neutralization using Average MPCE at State Level for State Sample): Urban

Districts

Central Sample

State Sample

Combined

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty line

Rank

Sheopur

49.2

22

32.1

30

40.5

31

Morena

42.1

13

9.3

4

18.2

4

Bhind

69.1

43

9.8

5

37.6

26

Gwalior

46.8

18

11.4

8

27.7

13

Datia

64.0

41

49.4

41

53.0

43

Shivpuri

77.4

45

10.0

6

46.7

37

Guna

58.4

36

10.4

7

29.6

14

Tikamgarh

58.3

35

37.2

33

39.6

29

Chhatarpur

62.2

40

54.8

44

56.2

44

Panna

48.2

20

52.2

43

51.1

40

Sagar

67.5

42

35.6

32

45.9

36

Damoh

70.1

44

18.1

14

38.1

27

Satna

45.0

16

25.9

20

35.7

24

Rewa

46.5

17

27.8

23

33.3

19

Umaria

20.9

5

27.4

22

26.0

11

Shahdol

12.6

1

21.7

17

19.2

6

Sidhi

19.4

3

13.2

11

16.8

2

Neemuch

32.7

8

12.0

9

17.7

3

Mandsaur

18.0

2

29.1

27

25.7

10

Ratlam

61.7

39

19.2

15

41.8

32

Ujjain

25.4

6

7.6

3

14.3

1

Shajapur

48.0

19

20.2

16

25.6

9

Dewas

53.4

27

43.4

37

47.6

39

Jhabua

42.3

14

30.8

28

34.0

22

Dhar

44.5

15

26.8

21

29.8

15

Indore

20.2

4

16.5

13

18.5

5

West Nimar

54.9

29

51.0

42

52.3

42

Barwani

58.0

33

39.8

35

43.3

33

East Nimar

37.7

11

39.5

34

38.7

28

Rajgarh

25.9

7

34.0

31

32.7

18

Vidisha

56.8

31

48.9

40

51.8

41

Bhopal

34.8

10

12.4

10

20.3

8

Sehore

48.5

21

27.9

24

33.9

20

Raisen

50.9

24

42.4

36

43.6

35

Betul

54.1

28

31.4

29

36.0

25

Harda

50.6

23

44.6

38

46.8

38

Hoshangabad

39.3

12

47.6

39

43.4

34

Katni

56.9

32

28.7

25

40.4

30

Jabalpur

33.9

9

28.8

26

30.7

17

Narsimhapur

58.1

34

15.9

12

26.6

12

Dindori

55.8

30

23.3

19

34.8

23

Mandla

52.8

26

1.7

1

19.8

7

Chhindwara

60.1

38

66.6

45

64.7

45

Seoni

59.8

37

4.2

2

33.9

21

Balaghat

52.3

25

22.4

18

29.9

16

MP

42.7

27.7

33.1

19

Table 9: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample (After MPCE Neutralization using Average MPCE at State Level for State Sample): Total

Districts

Central Sample

State Sample

Combined

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty

line

Rank

Sheopur

39.5

24

16.5

11

26.8

13

Morena

23.9

9

4.6

2

13.0

1

Bhind

33.1

16

8.4

5

20.1

6

Gwalior

34.7

19

6.9

4

19.4

5

Datia

20.9

8

34.1

27

28.2

17

Shivpuri

46.1

29

11.9

7

27.6

16

Guna

26.0

12

12.3

8

18.7

4

Tikamgarh

45.4

28

40.2

34

42.2

32

Chhatarpur

53.9

38

47.9

40

50.3

42

Panna

49.4

30

58.9

43

54.9

44

Sagar

59.1

41

27.7

21

40.9

29

Damoh

51.7

33

29.2

23

41.4

30

Satna

25.1

11

46.8

38

35.4

24

Rewa

43.4

27

36.8

31

40.0

27

Umaria

71.6

43

49.0

41

60.4

45

Shahdol

51.0

32

40.2

35

44.7

38

Sidhi

51.7

34

37.8

33

45.7

40

Neemuch

7.3

1

21.7

17

16.0

2

Mandsaur

15.9

5

23.6

18

20.3

7

Ratlam

33.7

18

30.6

25

32.2

21

Ujjain

27.5

14

18.6

14

22.3

10

Shajapur

31.9

15

14.7

10

21.7

8

Dewas

27.2

13

27.7

20

27.4

14

Jhabua

55.8

39

28.0

22

41.4

31

Dhar

25.0

10

21.5

16

23.1

11

Indore

20.7

7

10.8

6

16.1

3

West Nimar

18.8

6

49.8

42

34.6

22

Barwani

11.1

2

65.7

44

43.3

34

East Nimar

14.2

4

42.0

37

28.4

18

Rajgarh

13.5

3

29.4

24

22.2

9

Vidisha

52.4

35

36.8

30

43.9

36

Bhopal

34.7

20

17.4

12

23.8

12

Sehore

40.5

26

20.5

15

29.8

19

Raisen

57.1

40

35.3

28

43.7

35

Betul

53.8

37

37.6

32

44.3

37

Harda

39.5

25

67.4

45

54.7

43

Hoshangabad

38.1

22

33.8

26

36.1

26

Katni

50.4

31

41.1

36

45.7

39

Jabalpur

33.5

17

35.7

29

34.8

23

Narsimhapur

39.2

23

18.4

13

27.6

15

Dindori

71.8

44

25.0

19

49.1

41

Mandla

72.5

45

0.2

1

40.8

28

Chhindwara

37.3

21

46.9

39

42.6

33

Seoni

59.9

42

6.0

3

35.5

25

Balaghat

53.4

36

12.7

9

30.3

20

MP

38.2

29.1

33.3

20

Table 10: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample (After MPCE Neutralization using Average MPCE at District Level for State Sample): Rural

Districts Central Sample State Sample Combined

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank % of Population

below poverty line

Rank % of Population below poverty

line

Rank

Sheopur 37.6 25 14.0 11 24.4 15

Morena 20.8 14 2.6 4 11.4 3

Bhind 16.4 8 7.7 6 11.9 4

Gwalior 20.5 13 2.1 3 10.1 1

Datia

14.7

6

26.9

21

20.7

11

Shivpuri

38.7

26

12.2

9

24.0

14

Guna

16.6

9

13.1

10

14.9

5

Tikamgarh

44.1

29

42.5

33

43.4

35

Chhatarpur

52.8

34

44.3

36

48.4

39

Panna

49.6

32

60.7

43

55.7

42

Sagar

55.7

37

21.7

17

38.0

26

Damoh

49.0

31

32.7

28

42.1

31

Satna

19.8

12

52.9

40

35.4

24

Rewa

43.1

28

39.4

30

41.3

30

Umaria

76.4

45

60.2

42

69.7

45

Shahdol

64.4

42

58.6

41

61.6

44

Sidhi

57.6

39

42.3

32

51.0

41

Neemuch

0.2

1

27.5

24

15.3

6

Mandsaur

15.5

7

21.8

18

18.9

9

Ratlam

17.1

10

36.7

29

26.7

16

Ujjain

28.9

17

29.5

25

29.3

19

Shajapur

29.0

18

10.4

8

19.8

10

Dewas

17.7

11

19.6

14

18.6

8

Jhabua

56.9

38

27.3

23

42.5

32

Dhar

23.9

16

19.9

15

21.9

12

Indore

21.8

15

1.0

2

11.2

2

West Nimar

14.1

5

49.4

39

31.0

22

Barwani

6.3

3

75.4

45

43.2

34

East Nimar

4.7

2

43.3

34

23.6

13

Rajgarh

11.9

4

24.4

19

16.9

7

Vidisha

51.3

33

31.3

26

41.1

29

Bhopal

34.5

21

45.3

37

40.3

28

Sehore

39.1

27

17.1

12

28.5

18

Raisen

58.1

40

27.3

22

43.8

36

Betul

53.7

36

41.3

31

47.5

38

Harda

37.2

24

75.1

44

56.9

43

Hoshangabad

37.2

23

21.0

16

30.2

20

Katni

48.9

30

45.4

38

47.2

37

Jabalpur

33.3

20

44.2

35

38.9

27

Narsimhapur

36.6

22

19.4

13

27.9

17

Dindori

72.0

43

25.1

20

49.4

40

Mandla

73.7

44

0.0

1

42.9

33

Chhindwara

30.9

19

32.1

27

31.4

23

Seoni

59.9

41

6.2

5

35.7

25

Balaghat

53.5

35

10.0

7

30.4

21

MP

36.8

25

29.8

33.4

21

Table 11: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample (After MPCE Neutralization using Average MPCE at District Level for State Sample): Urban

Districts

Central Sample

State Sample

Combined

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank

Sheopur

49.2

22

32.1

30

40.5

31 Morena

42.1

13

9.3

4

18.2

4

Bhind

69.1

43

9.8

5

37.6

26 Gwalior

46.8

18

11.4

8

27.7

13

Datia 64.0 41 49.4 41 53.0 43 Shivpuri 77.4 45 10.0 6 46.7 37 Guna 58.4 36 10.4 7 29.6 14 Tikamgarh 58.3 35 37.2 33 39.6 29 Chhatarpur 62.2 40 54.8 44 56.2 44

Panna 48.2 20 52.2 43 51.1 40

Sagar

67.5

42

35.6

32

45.9

36

Damoh

70.1

44

18.1

14

38.1

27

Satna

45.0

16

25.9

20

35.7

24

Rewa

46.5

17

27.8

23

33.3

19

Umaria

20.9

5

27.4

22

26.0

11

Shahdol

12.6

1

21.7

17

19.2

6

Sidhi

19.4

3

13.2

11

16.8

2

Neemuch

32.7

8

12.0

9

17.7

3

Mandsaur

18.0

2

29.1

27

25.7

10

Ratlam

61.7

39

19.2

15

41.8

32

Ujjain

25.4

6

7.6

3

14.3

1

Shajapur

48.0

19

20.2

16

25.6

9

Dewas

53.4

27

43.4

37

47.6

39

Jhabua

42.3

14

30.8

28

34.0

22

Dhar

44.5

15

26.8

21

29.8

15

Indore

20.2

4

16.5

13

18.5

5

West Nimar

54.9

29

51.0

42

52.3

42

Barwani

58.0

33

39.8

35

43.3

33

East Nimar

37.7

11

39.5

34

38.7

28

Rajgarh

25.9

7

34.0

31

32.7

18

Vidisha

56.8

31

48.9

40

51.8

41

Bhopal

34.8

10

12.4

10

20.3

8

Sehore

48.5

21

27.9

24

33.9

20

Raisen

50.9

24

42.4

36

43.6

35

Betul

54.1

28

31.4

29

36.0

25

Harda

50.6

23

44.6

38

46.8

38

Hoshangabad

39.3

12

47.6

39

43.4

34

Katni

56.9

32

28.7

25

40.4

30

Jabalpur

33.9

9

28.8

26

30.7

17

Narsimhapur

58.1

34

15.9

12

26.6

12

Dindori

55.8

30

23.3

19

34.8

23

Mandla

52.8

26

1.7

1

19.8

7

Chhindwara

60.1

38

66.6

45

64.7

45

Seoni

59.8

37

4.2

2

33.9

21

Balaghat

52.3

25

22.4

18

29.9

16

MP

42.7

27.7

33.1

22

Table 12: District wise Poverty Ratio Estimates based on Central, State and Combined Sample (After MPCE Neutralization using Average MPCE at District Level for State Sample): Total

Districts

Central Sample

State Sample

Combined

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank

% of Population

below poverty line

Rank

% of Population below poverty

line

Rank

Sheopur

39.5

24

16.5

11

26.8

13

Morena

23.9

9

4.6

2

13.0

1

Bhind

33.1

16

8.4

5

20.1

6

Gwalior

34.7

19

6.9

4

19.4

5

Datia

20.9

8

34.1

27

28.2

17

Shivpuri

46.1

29

11.9

7

27.6

16

Guna

26.0

12

12.3

8

18.7

4

Tikamgarh

45.4

28

40.2

34

42.2

32

Chhatarpur

53.9

38

47.9

40

50.3

42

Panna

49.4

30

58.9

43

54.9

44

Sagar

59.1

41

27.7

21

40.9

29

Damoh

51.7

33

29.2

23

41.4

30

Satna

25.1

11

46.8

38

35.4

24

Rewa

43.4

27

36.8

31

40.0

27

Umaria

71.6

43

49.0

41

60.4

45

Shahdol

51.0

32

40.2

35

44.7

38

Sidhi

51.7

34

37.8

33

45.7

40

Neemuch

7.3

1

21.7

17

16.0

2

Mandsaur

15.9

5

23.6

18

20.3

7

Ratlam

33.7

18

30.6

25

32.2

21

Ujjain

27.5

14

18.6

14

22.3

10

Shajapur

31.9

15

14.7

10

21.7

8

Dewas

27.2

13

27.7

20

27.4

14

Jhabua

55.8

39

28.0

22

41.4

31

Dhar

25.0

10

21.5

16

23.1

11

Indore

20.7

7

10.8

6

16.1

3

West Nimar

18.8

6

49.8

42

34.6

22

Barwani

11.1

2

65.7

44

43.3

34

East Nimar

14.2

4

42.0

37

28.4

18

Rajgarh

13.5

3

29.4

24

22.2

9

Vidisha

52.4

35

36.8

30

43.9

36

Bhopal

34.7

20

17.4

12

23.8

12

Sehore

40.5

26

20.5

15

29.8

19

Raisen

57.1

40

35.3

28

43.7

35

Betul

53.8

37

37.6

32

44.3

37

Harda

39.5

25

67.4

45

54.7

43

Hoshangabad

38.1

22

33.8

26

36.1

26

Katni

50.4

31

41.1

36

45.7

39

Jabalpur

33.5

17

35.7

29

34.8

23

Narsimhapur

39.2

23

18.4

13

27.6

15

Dindori

71.8

44

25.0

19

49.1

41

Mandla

72.5

45

0.2

1

40.8

28

Chhindwara

37.3

21

46.9

39

42.6

33

Seoni

59.9

42

6.0

3

35.5

25

Balaghat

53.4

36

12.7

9

30.3

20

MP

38.2

29.1

33.3

23

While estimating the population living below poverty line district wise distribution of observations by monthly per capita expenditure classes (MPCE classes) were looked into. MPCE class wise range is presented in Annexure 1It is observed from the central sample that in rural areas, district wise number of observations varies from 40 to 120 (Annexure 2). In some districts lower MPCE classes have no observation for example Gwalior, Mandsaur and Ratlam are the districts where lowest MPCE class does not have any observation. The districts of Datia, Guna, Satna, West Nimar, Barwani and East Nimar do not have any observation in lowest two MPCE classes and Neemuch is the district where three lowest categories of MPCE class have no presentation. These three categories represent MPCE less than Rs.320 which is lower than poverty line cut off point of Rs.327.18 paise as set by Planning Commission GOI. Thus number of observation reveals that there is no poverty in district of Neemuch and other districts mentioned above have less poverty which is not true especially in case of West Nimar, Barwani and East Nimar. These observations leads to the conclusion that district wise poverty estimates based on central sample needs to be used cautiously and may be along with other parameters. It also necessitates finding out other alternative to estimate district wise poverty. The state sample also reveals similar type of observations as that of central sample as shown in Annexure 3. In this case also the number of districts, with no observations in lowest category, is 16 in number. In all there are 59 observations in lowest category. The districts with no observations in first two lowest categories are 7 in number. Districts of Sheopur, Morena and Mandla have no observation in first three lowest categories. These facts also reveal that district wise poverty estimates based on state sample also need to be scrutinized properly. The last alternative, to estimate poverty at district level is to use combined sample i. e. central and state sample. On combining central and state sample, the District wise Distribution of observations by MPCE class is given in Annexure 4. This reveals that there are only five districts namely Gwalior, Datia, Guna, Neemuch and West Nimar for which lowest MPCE class does not have any observation. In combined sample all the districts have observation in second and third lowest categories. Thus on combining sample the number of observations has doubled in totality and improvised at category levels. The number of observations in first three MPCE classes is sufficient (i.e. more than 5) in most of the districts except Gwalior and Neemuch having 5 and 4 observations. Thus in case of poverty estimate for these two districts should be used cautiously. Similar situation in respect of sample observation is observed in case of urban area.It reveals that sample size is not sufficient for estimating district wise poverty. Thus the sample size has to be increased in case of NSSO rounds for central and state samples. In case of urban area, the representation of different town classes has to be ensured to have better estimates of urban poverty and sample size is also to be increased.Keeping in view, the Report of Expert Group to Review the Methodology for Estimation of Poverty under the chairmanship of Prof. Suresh Tendulkar to Planning Commission,

24

Government of India, It is necessary to re-estimate district wise poverty. The similar exercise was undertaken as mentioned in this paper. The new cut-off points, as mentioned in the report, are used to estimate the percentage of people living below poverty. These cut-off points are Rs. 408.41 and Rs. 532.26 per capita per month for rural and urban area of the state using mixed reference period instead of uniform reference period.

The estimated proportion of population obtained from combined sample of State and Central after neutralizing MPCE of state level with respect to central at district level is used to revise the estimates of district wise poverty taking over all Rural and Urban poverty for the state as given by Planning Commission Government of India, November 2009. In addition to this following assumption have been made: Assumptions:1. Distribution of Rural and urban Population among districts will be same as estimated from combined sample.2. Using District-wise, Rural and Urban Poverty ratio as calculated from above exercise. The population below poverty line for each district has been calculated.3. Number of BPL Households has been estimated on the basis of (i) assuming Average Household size in the district (ii) assuming Average Household size of BPL families in the district as calculated from combined sample. On comparison of district wise rural poverty and per capita income from agriculture (inclusive of animal husbandry) below and above state average 15 out of 21 are common districts (above the state average of rural poverty) and 17 out of 24 are common in case of below state average of rural poverty. In case of urban poverty, comparison is done per capita income from other than primary sector. It is found that 9 out of 20 districts are common in case of above the state average of urban poverty and 22 out of 25 districts are common in case of below the state average of urban poverty. As poverty is the function of extent of equitable distribution of income among population under consideration. In absence of income distribution data to estimate Gini coefficients/ Lorenz curve etc., which are measures to judge how equitable is income distribution. Thus it seems that estimates of poverty obtained from combined central and state sample with normalization of monthly per capita expenditure at district levels are better as compare to those obtained from individual samples.

It is estimated that of the total population 65.20 million 31.68 million were below poverty line in 2004-05. In rural Madhya Pradesh during 2004-05, there were 43, 74,657 households living below poverty line and in urban area the number of such households were 10, 69,100. The total number of households living below poverty line were 54, 43,757. The district wise estimates are presented for rural, urban and combined in Table 13 to 15.

25

Table 13: Estimates of Population and households living below poverty line in Rural MP 2004-05

Districts

Rural

Projected Population

Projected Population

below poverty line

% of Population

below poverty line

Number of Households

below poverty line(based on

Avg. HHD size)

Number of Households below

poverty line(based on Avg. HHD size of

BPL hhd )

Sheopur

527744

204794

38.81

36318

33830

Morena

1405864

346953

24.68

54889

51396

Bhind

1167312

254735

21.82

41682

39479

Gwalior

777090

94717

12.19

13705

14410

Datia

570136

126756

22.23

23189

21202

Shivpuri

1239552

592116

47.77

109368

107136

Guna

1287108

495370

38.49

99544

84546

Tikamgarh

1102876

757294

68.67

137766

114879

Chhatarpur

1395381

985173

70.60

163572

140462

Panna

858985

675829

78.68

145146

115403

Sagar

1574855

890447

56.54

179351

165063

Damoh

1021636

610956

59.80

122902

107884

Satna

1651686

989089

59.88

185236

170631

Rewa 1739255

1172474

67.41

234148

225591

Umaria 466281 420553 90.19 82983 79977

Shahdol 1267929 1089770 85.95 221790 222517

Sidhi 1689850 1275366 75.47 245197 246640

Neemuch 528127 82518 15.62 16945 16480 Mandsaur 972088 312297 32.13 60277 52568 Ratlam 1032674 592196 57.35 106481 92075 Ujjain 1089695 470001 43.13 87448 80448 Shajapur 1158221 414688 35.80 75314 78754 Dewas 979599 310804 31.73 57321 55781 Jhabua 1534775 1037432 67.60 167701 150946 Dhar 1593679 627326 39.36 113826 95069 Indore 824066 217378 26.38 40088 33495 West Nimar 1367278 850779 62.22 156039 129309 Barwani

920441 694725 75.48 119739 105117

East Nimar

1334267

786981

58.98

140505

98600

Rajgarh

1129988

379602

33.59

62850

53494 Vidisha

857088

472260

55.10

99437

76259

Bhopal

365069

238859

65.43

42563

32457 Sehore

814420

403189

49.51

72114

63379

Raisen

938734

601667

64.09

105234

101473 Betul

1265703

1000977

79.08

174233

159000

Harda

437446

327271

74.81

60381

56621 Hoshangabad

757244

399301

52.73

73854

71176

Katni

931159

707360

75.97

146207

130602 Jabalpur

1000311

457631

45.75

100765

98853

Narsimhapur

834196

378776

45.41

73004

63429

Dindori

567580

341597

60.18

72485

65831

Mandla

765370

479796

62.69

105926

84869

Chhindwara

1392132

734386

52.75

155320

141206

Seoni

1198463

654898

54.64

139307

116463

Balaghat

1300646

567833

43.66

130676

129858

MP

47634000

25524922

53.59

4852824

4374657

26

Percent of Population below Poverty Line -Rural:2004-05

(Percent)

Percent of Population below Poverty Line -Rural:2004-05

(Percent)MP-53.59

Sagar 56.54

Ujjain 43.13

Ratlam 57.35

Mandsaur 32.13

Neemuch 15.62

Sidhi 75.47

Shahdol 85.95

Umaria 90.19

Rewa 67.41

Sheopur 38.81

Damoh 59.80

Dhar 39.36

Panna 78.68

Chhatarpur 70.60

Tikamgarh 68.67

Guna 38.49

Shivpuri 47.77

Datia 22.23

Gwalior 12.19

Bhind 21.82Morena 24.68

Satna 59.88

Raisen 64.09

Balaghat 43.66

Seoni 54.64

Chhindwara 52.75

Mandla 62.69

Dindori 60.18Narsimhapur 45.41

Jabalpur 45.75

Katni 75.97

Hoshangabad 52.73

Shajapur 35.80

Betul 79.08

Dewas 31.73

Sehore 49.51

Bhopal 65.43

Vidisha 55.10Rajgarh 33.59

East Nimar 58.98Barwani 75.48West Nimar 62.22

Indore 26.38Jhabua 67.60

Harda 74.81

Source :Estimates of District Poverty , PMPSU MP

27

Table 14: Estimates of Population and households living below poverty line in Urban MP 2004-05

Districts

Urban

Projected Population

Projected Population

below poverty line

% of Population

below poverty line

Number of

Households below poverty line(based

on Avg. HHD size)

Number of Households below

poverty line(based on Avg. HHD size of

BPL hhd )

Sheopur

78433

29663

37.82

4927

4802

Morena

365987

60027

16.40

11320

10206

Bhind

467472

202066

43.23

37899

32521

Gwalior

729441

212030

29.07

39551

33924

Datia

146535

71006

48.46

14586

13826

Shivpuri

200601

75965

37.87

15287

13432

Guna

388269

119877

30.87

25699

21289

Tikamgarh

412029

185353

44.99

33382

34550

Chhatarpur

389978

247652

63.50

48837

44900

Panna

148045

82685

55.85

15630

14482

Sagar

795431

376380

47.32

68051

64800

Damoh

188452

73361

38.93

14916

14158

Satna

388666

127129

32.71

22708

19744

Rewa

295404

134857

45.65

23474

21884

Umaria 106620 33487 31.41 8111 8059

Shahdol 714404 138677 19.41 28785 26781

Sidhi 259496 53724 20.70 10668 9660

Neemuch 203711 22838 11.21 4235 4216

Mandsaur 208083 54418 26.15 12068 11271

Ratlam 494512 250501 50.66 43277 39585 Ujjain 797565 167588 21.01 32211 27435 Shajapur 460089 170507 37.06 32749 31615 Dewas 363747 174587 48.00 31158 28962 Jhabua 192028 76469 39.82 15245 13229 Dhar 228987 78277 34.18 14980 13589 Indore 1378971 247180 17.92 53885 37615 West Nimar

234855 147639 62.86 27457 25695

Barwani

193945

105883

54.59

25172

23778

East Nimar

530933

208042

39.18

39370

37367 Rajgarh

485956

229597

47.25

41229

39389

Vidisha

260298

125691

48.29

24233

19628 Bhopal

1455781

289030

19.85

58946

44907

Sehore

213972

71922

33.61

13135

13008 Raisen

483275

237042

49.05

40008

31445

Betul

403389

135010

33.47

23872

21067 Harda

102620

46335

45.15

8721

8085 Hoshangabad

520361

214577

41.24

40136

38306

Katni

228720

130693

57.14

28230

24006

Jabalpur

870594

217143

24.94

43162

39779

Narsimhapur

187966

51598

27.45

11431

10380

Dindori

10297

3740

36.32

790

687

Mandla

65382

15167

23.20

3168

3006

Chhindwara

596317

375711

63.01

76929

72066

Seoni

95223

32753

34.40

7940

6933

Balaghat

224159

54253

24.20

12583

13034

MP

17567000

6158130

35.06

1190148

1069100

28

Percent of Population below Poverty Line-Urban:2004-05(Percent)

Percent of Population below Poverty Line-Urban:2004-05(Percent)

Sagar 47.32

Ujjain 21.01

Ratlam 50.66

Mandsaur 26.15

Neemuch 11.21

Sidhi 20.70

Shahdol 19.41

Umaria 31.41

Rewa 45.65

Sheopur 37.82

Damoh 38.93

Dhar 34.18

Panna 55.85

Chhatarpur 63.50

Tikamgarh 44.99

Guna 30.87

Shivpuri 37.87

Datia 48.46

Gwalior 29.07

Bhind 43.23Morena 16.40

Satna 32.71

Raisen 49.05

Balaghat 24.20

Seoni 34.40

Chhindwara 63.01

Mandla 23.20

Dindori 36.32Narsimhapur 27.45

Jabalpur 24.94

Katni 57.14

Hoshangabad 41.24

Shajapur 37.06

Betul 33.47

Dewas 48.00

Sehore 33.61

Bhopal 19.85

Vidisha 48.29Rajgarh 47.25

East Nimar 39.18Barwani 54.59

West Nimar 62.86

Indore 17.92Jhabua 39.82

Harda 45.15

Source :Estimates of District Poverty , PMPSU MP

MP-35.06

29

Table 15: Estimates of Population and households living below poverty line in MP 2004-05

Districts

Rural and Urban Combined

Projected Population

Projected Population

below poverty line

% of Population below poverty line

Number of

Households below poverty line(based on

Avg. HHD size)

Number of Households below poverty line(based on Avg. HHD size

of BPL hhd )

Sheopur

606177

234457

38.68

41245

38632

Morena

1771852

406980

22.97

66209

61602

Bhind

1634783

456800

27.94

79580

72000

Gwalior

1506531

306747

20.36

53255

48333

Datia

716671

197763

27.59

37776

35028

Shivpuri

1440152

668082

46.39

124655

120568

Guna

1675377

615247

36.72

125242

105836

Tikamgarh

1514906

942647

62.22

171148

149429

Chhatarpur

1785360

1232825

69.05

212409

185362

Panna

1007030

758514

75.32

160776

129885

Sagar

2370285

1266827

53.45

247402

229863

Damoh

1210088

684317

56.55

137818

122042

Satna

2040351

1116219

54.71

207944

190374

Rewa 2034659

1307331

64.25

257622

247475

Umaria 572901

454041

79.25

91095

88035

Shahdol 1982333 1228447 61.97 250574 249298

Sidhi 1949347 1329091 68.18 255866 256300

Neemuch 731838 105356 14.40 21179 20696

Mandsaur 1180171 366715 31.07 72345 63838

Ratlam 1527186 842697 55.18 149758 131660

Ujjain 1887260 637589 33.78 119658 107884

Shajapur 1618310 585195 36.16 108063 110369 Dewas 1343346 485391 36.13 88479 84743 Jhabua 1726803 1113901 64.51 182946 164175 Dhar

1822666 705603 38.71 128805 108657 Indore

2203037 464557 21.09 93973 71110 West Nimar

1602133

998417

62.32

183495 155003

Barwani

1114386

800608

71.84

144911 128896

East Nimar

1865199

995023

53.35

179875

135967

Rajgarh

1615944

609200

37.70

104079

92883

Vidisha

1117386

597951

53.51

123670

95887

Bhopal

1820849

527889

28.99

101509

77364 Sehore

1028392

475110

46.20

85249

76388

Raisen

1422009

838709

58.98

145243

132918 Betul

1669091

1135988

68.06

198105

180067

Harda

540067

373606

69.18

69102

64707

Hoshangabad

1277605

613878

48.05

113990

109483

Katni

1159880

838053

72.25

174437

154607

Jabalpur

1870905

674775

36.07

143927

138632

Narsimhapur

1022163

430373

42.10

84434

73809

Dindori

577877

345337

59.76

73275

66518

Mandla

830752

494963

59.58

109094

87875

Chhindwara

1988449

1110097

55.83

232249

213272

Seoni

1293686

687652

53.15

147247

123396

Balaghat

1524805

622087

40.80

143258

142892

MP

65201000

31683052

48.59

6042972

5443757

30

Percent of Population below Poverty Line-Total:2004-05(Percent)

Percent of Population below Poverty Line-Total:2004-05(Percent)

MP-48.59

Sagar 53.45

Ujjain 33.78

Ratlam 55.18

Mandsaur 31.07

Neemuch 14.40

Sidhi 68.18

Shah