District Heating Fact Finding Mission to DK for … · District Heating Fact Finding Mission to DK for Energy Cities members 12-14 September 2016 “Experience with Low temperature

District Heating Fact Finding Mission to DK for Energy Cities members

12-14 September 2016

“Experience with Low temperature DH in DK”

Jan Eric Thorsen

Director, Application Centre

Danfoss Heating Segment

DK-6430 Nordborg

13 September 2016

2 | Danfoss Heating Segment, A&T 13.06.2016 / DHS / TA / JET

The outline:

•The generations of DH in the perspective of the development of the energy system

•DK-Lystrup Low Temperature DH case (Low energy build.)

•DK-Sønderby (Existing houses)

•The concept of flat stations

•Concluding Remarks


The generations of DH

Trends for the energy system:

• Renewable energy

• Surplus energy

• Conversion energy

• Low quality energy (temp. level)

• Fluctuating energy

• Less demands in buildings


Articles & presentations


The site in Lystrup - DK


The DH net layout and the building applications

M

pn 10 system

Pflow <= 10 Bar(g)

Preturn = 1.5 Bar(g)

Flow design temp. 50°C (55°C)

max. media speed 2 m/s

0.26 kPa/m to 8 kPa/m

Twin pipes series II

Pipe dimension:

Alx 14/14-110 to TWS DN50

Total length 766m.

Shunt pump speed controlled

to 30 kPa at critical network point

Meter for area (after shunt)

Meter for 11 ST units

Meter for 11 HE units

Individual meter for each consumer

M

M

HE units

ST units


Energy balance for the system

Delivered energy an DH net: 287 MWh/y Yearly energy consumption flats: 238 MWh/y DH net energy loss: 49 MWh/y Shunt pump energy: 2.5 MWh/y Main point: 17% distribution energy loss ! In case ”normal” DH net was designed loss would have been 41% (Temp. 80/40, single pipes class 2 DH pipes, leading to 200.000kWh/y) In reality the absolute DH net loss is 4 times higher !


Outcome of the Lystrup case:

• It works (Low. Temp. DH / 4G DH and low energy buildings)

• 41 flats are operating during 6 years by Low Temperature DH (50-55°C)

• Besides complains in the beginning, customers are very satisfied

• Heating consumption a bit higher than expected, due to 2-3°C higher room temp.

• DHW consumption lower than expected, 30% lower

• DH energy distribution loss as low as expected, 17% loss

• DH net loss is slightly higher for HE area than for ST area, but below 5%.

• If unit heat loss is included in losses, HE unit + net, HE has 30% lower total heat loss !

• Investments and installation costs are quite higher for ST unit

• DH return temperatures are low, approx. HE 30°C and ST 35°C but can be even lower !


Low-temperature experience Sønderby

Low-temperature DH for existing buildings

Project supported by the Danish government

75 single-family buildings from 1997

Floor heating

Realisation

New low-temperature DH in-house substation

New DH network

Heat loss reduced from 41% -> 14%

80% of heat demand supplied

from main DH return line

Average Tsup = 55°C

No complaints


Can LTDH be applied also in apartment buildings?


Multi-apartment buildings – vertical risers

Central unit in basement

vertical risers for DHW and heating

heat losses from DHW circulation

noise propagation

heat meters for each DHW tap and radiator

Low-temperature system (~50°C)

DHW system volume > 3 L

risk of Legionella

Thermal, UV disinfection and others…


Multi-apartment buildings – new & refurbished installations

Flat stations

suitable for low-temperature DH

flat station in each flat

overall DHW system volume <3 L

individual control over space heating

simple energy metering

one heat meter for all

no DHW circulation

reduced heat loss

no vertical risers

reduced noise

reduced heat loss


Concluding Remarks

• The future energy system will be renewable and fluctuating

• New buildings will consume less energy, existing buildings will be energy

renovated, focus on comfort in buildings and system performance

• Thermal infrastructures are key to integrate renewable/surplus energy systems in

a cost efficient way, synergies must be utilized

• 4GDH, smart energy systems (including all energy carriers) are developing, this

means the current concept of DH (3G) has to develop to 4G (LTDH, 2 way DH)

• In Europe there is more “waste heat” energy available today than needed for

heating the building sector !!!


*** Thank You for the attention ***

Jan Eric Thorsen

[email protected]

Danfoss A/S Heating Segment Application & Technology

mailto:[email protected]


District energy is an infrastructure for distributing heating and cooling to buildings in cities. Danfoss has since 1970’s been providing solutions such as substations and key components like heat exchangers that typically save 20-30% energy in district energy networks and end-consumption

Substations

Plate Heat Exchangers

District Energy District Energy

Flat stations & DHW systems

Electronic controllers & Automatic controls


The first generation of balancing and control products was developed within Danfoss in 1988. Today, Danfoss is a global market leader within HVAC and District Energy.

Pressure Independent Balancing & Control Valve

Balancing Valves Electronic Controllers & SCADA

Commercial Controls Commercial Controls

Pressure Independent Flow & Temperature Controls

Shutt-off ball and butterfly valves

Motorized Control Valve


Residential Heating is responsible for one of the most known products

in Danfoss, the radiator thermostat, which was developed in 1943, as

the world’s first

Radiator Valves and Thermostats Electronic Room Controls

Burner Components

Residential Heating Residential Heating

Smart Heating solutions APP


World market leader in electric Heating systems. Also known under the brand DEVI, which was acquired in 2003, but has been producing electric heating since 1942 and ensured optimal indoor comfort and outdoor safety.

EH indoor and outdoor cables EH Mat

Thermostat Controls Self regulating cables

Electric Heating Systems

Electric Heating Systems


Floor Heating Hydronics

• Supply Floor Heating Hydronics for residential and commercial buildings.

• Danfoss was the first to introduce wireless floor heating controls and our advanced knowledge of hydronic control means that you get the best floor heating solution on the market.

• Products

• Room controls

• Actuators

• Manifolds

• Mixing shunts

• Pipes & panels

Floor Heating

Hydronics

Manifolds

Mixing shunts

Actuators

Room controls


• Supplies energy metering solutions for multi family houses and commercial buildings

• Sub metering for individual energy consumption: Ultrasonic heat meters for horizontal systems. Heat cost allocators for vertical systems

• Products

• Heat meters

• On/Off metering solutions(CN)

• Heat cost allocators(RU)

Energy Metering

Energy Metering

On/Off metering solutions

Heat cost allocators

Heat meters

District Heating Fact Finding Mission to DK for … · District Heating Fact Finding Mission to DK for Energy Cities members 12-14 September 2016 “Experience with Low temperature

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