Denver Marriott South at Park Meadows Lone Tree, CO October 11-12, 2017 Distribution Engineers Workshop Instructed by: Daniel Koppes, Sr. Substation Engineer, PacifiCorp Timothy Day, Sr. Application Engineer, Eaton Corp. Aaron Magnuson, Engineer 1, Kansas City Power and Light Jon Grooters, Western Regional Sales/Applications Manager, Beckwith Electric Brent Gerling, Distribution Engineer, Independence Power & Light Daniel Wycklendt, Business Development Manager, Distribution Automation , G&W Electric Company Danny McReynolds, Power System Engineer Sr., Distribution Design, Austin Energy Bryan Cooper, Operations Engineer, Colorado Springs Utilities Ryan Lane, Project Analyst, Burns & McDonnell WiFi Information Network: Marriott_Conference Password: RMEL2017 RMEL ~ 6855 S. Havana, Ste 430 ~ Centennial, CO 80112 ~ (303) 865-5544 ~ FAX: (303) 865-5548 ~ www.RMEL.org
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Distribution Engineers Workshop - RMEL(SAIDI and SAIFI) and ef-ficiency, decrease outage times, and significantly reduce total life cycle costs. Part 2 11:00 a.m. - 11:30 a.m. Austin
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Denver Marriott South at Park MeadowsLone Tree, CO
RMEL ~ 6855 S. Havana, Ste 430 ~ Centennial, CO 80112 ~ (303) 865-5544 ~ FAX: (303) 865-5548 ~ www.RMEL.org
Wednesday, October 11,
20178:30 a.m. - 8:45 a.m.Welcome and Opening Remarks
8:45 a.m. - 9:00 a.m.Overview Demonstrating the Flow From the Substation Down to the CustomerDanny McReynolds, Austin Energy
9:00 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.Introduction to Substation Design and SafetyDaniel Koppes, Sr. Substation Engineer, Pacificorp This training will provide information on the different components installed in a substation, as well as the benefits and drawbacks to the different types of equip-ment. The basics of reading substation design drawings will be covered, how to read physical design drawings as well as one lines and how the interrelate. Lastly, substa-tion grounding, both design and safety basics, will be covered.
10:00 a.m. - 10:15 a.m.Networking Break
10:15 a.m. - 11:15 a.m.Introduction to Substation Design and Safety (continued)Daniel Koppes, Sr. Substation Engineer, Pacificorp
11:15 a.m. - 12:15 p.m.Distribution System Protection Overview Timothy Day, Sr. Application Engineer, Eaton Corp.Have you ever wanted to get a good foundation on system protection and full
understand how to apply different protective devices? This session is targeted to do just that. The industry is changing and if you don’t understand the basics, the new devices and setting philosophies are only get-ting more complicated. This overview will provide you with the a good foundation of each device and their in-terface with other protective devices.
12:15 p.m. - 1:15 p.m.Networking Lunch
1:15 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.Standards and Applications of Distribution System ProtectionAaron Magnuson, Engineer 1, Kansas City Power and LightTimothy Day, Sr. Application Engineer, Eaton Corp.This presentation will cover the System Protec-tion standards that KCP&L Follows. Specifically, the differences between the KCP&L protection standards, and the protection standards followed in the GMO region, which was acquired in 2008. This presentation will also focus on the benefits and drawbacks of each of the protection standards, and some examples of each of the standards. Additionally, this presentation will go into some real-world problems that can come up when designing the protection for a circuit. These problems, such as low fault current, contingency situation, and cold load pickup can change what needs to be placed on the circuit, as well as adding additional problems that must be taken into consid-eration.
2:30 p.m. - 2:45 p.m.Networking Break
2:45 p.m. - 3:45 p.m.Auto-Circuit Reclosers: Features, Application and CoordinationTimothy Day, Sr. Application Engineer, Eaton Corp.Reclosing devices have come a long ways from the traditional reclosers. The traditional devices had more of a set it and forget it approach. However, as this grid transforms you can no longer take that approach. The devices today can deal with reverse power flow, operate in a distribution au-tomation scheme and even operate only one phase of a three-phase unit. These ca-pabilities can unlock the true potential of your distribution network and help improve reliability.
3:45 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.Group Discussion
Thursday, October 12,
20178:00 a.m. - 8:15 a.m.Welcome Back and Opening Remarks
8:15 a.m. 9:15 a.m.Voltage Regulator Controls Jon Grooters, Western Regional Sales/Applications Manager, Beckwith ElectricThis training will start by providing a basic overview of voltage regulator control basics including defini-tions of band center, band width, time delays, line drop compensation, and voltage limits/runbacks. It will then tackle more complex ap-plications such as voltage coordination, reverse power operation, DER effect on voltage regulation, and volt-age reduction.
9:15 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.Distribution Capacitor Banks and a Process for Independence Power & LightBrent Gerling, Distribution Engineer, Independence Power & LightMy intention is to provide a brief overview of capacitor banks and their uses on the distribution system. Talk about a process for feeder analysis and determining best sizes and locations for capbanks; reasons for fixed banks & switched banks; communication & monitoring options for both; construc-tion standards & materials; safety practices; calculated returns; installation cost and a plan for implementation.
Distribution Automation Schemes – Proven Solutions to Reduce the Duration of Power Outages and Improve System Reliability Daniel Wycklendt, Business Development Manager, Distribution Automation, G&W In this session we will discuss popular distribu-tion automation schemes of various complexity and magnitude. The focus will be on schemes that utilize decentralized automation logic. Throughout this session we will cover over-head and underground Automatic Throw Over schemes, various loop schemes, communicating and non-communicating
Workshop Topics
*Visit www.RMEL.org for the latest topic and speaker information.
DISTRIbUTIOn EnGInEERS WORKSHOPDistribution Engineering From the
Substation to the Customer
schemes, as well as three-phase and single-phase trip and lockout options.besides the functional details on automation schemes, this session will also cover the need for distribution automation in the market place, minimal requirements for the dif-ferent tiers of automation, and installation examples including results and ben-efits. Automation schemes like these can help to improve system reliability (SAIDI and SAIFI) and ef-ficiency, decrease outage times, and significantly reduce total life cycle costs.
Part 2
11:00 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.Austin Energy Retrofit PresentationDanny McReynolds, Power System Engineer Senior, Distribution Design, Austin Energy
11:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.Enhanced Power ServiceBryan Cooper, Operations Engineer, Colorado Springs Utilities Automatic throw overs provide select custom-ers within the Colorado Springs electric service territory with additional availability. This pre-sentation will provide a background of the Enhanced Power Service program at Colorado Springs Utilities, de-scribe the design and operational attributes, and highlight specific ex-amples of recent events.
12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m.Networking Lunch
Steve DuranSRP
Engineer
Brent GerlingIndependence Power & Light
Distribution Engineer
Mark LesiwXcel Energy
Electric Standards Manager
Danny McReynoldsAustin Energy
Power System Engineer Sr.
1:00 p.m. - 2:00 p.m.Group Discussion
2:00 p.m. - 2:15 p.m.Networking Break
2:15 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.Attendee AnnouncementsAny registered attendee is invited to make a short announcement on their com-pany, new products, tech-nologies or informational updates. Announcements may include showing a prod-uct sample but not videos and power point slides. Please limit announcement to 5 minutes.
2:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.Modeling Strategies for the Modern GridRyan Lane, Project Analyst, Burns & McDonnellToday’s utility customers rely more on the grid now than they ever have-- not only do they use energy from the grid, they also generate it. Utilities have shown an ability to respond quickly to this fast-changing model, and rigorous planning proce-dures designed at the outset to complement modeling software will help them stay ahead of that curve. by approaching grid moderniza-tion from a proactive and holistic perspective, we can build a distribution system with improved reliability and resiliency that will be able to meet the demands of our shifting energy landscape. Accurate modeling is paramount in the process, and some of the modeling techniques we use at burns & McDonnell to implement this method will be demon-strated.
4:00 p.m. - 4:15 p.m.Wrap Up/Close of Day
Overview Demonstrating the Flow From the Substation Down to the
Customer
Danny McReynolds Power System Engineer Sr., Distribution Design
Austin Energy
Distribution Automation
34
Distributed Generation
AMI Meter Voltage
AMI Meter Voltage
EV Charging
Relay or Line Monitor
Capacitor Bank
Substation
AMI Meter Voltage
(EOL)
Mid-Line Regulator
Recloser
Capacitor Bank
LTC
Energy Storage
General Equipment Types - Some Combined • Sensing• Operating• Resource (Generation / Demand Reduction)
Substation LayoutsBus Configurations – Main-Transfer Bus #1
• Less expensive• 1 line, 1 breaker• Smaller Footprint• Uses transformer protection to
bypass for maintenance• Single point of failure
Substation LayoutsBus Configurations – Main-Transfer Bus #2
• Less expensive• 1 line, 1 breaker, more
switches• Slightly larger footprint than
type 1• Uses bus tie breaker to
bypass for maintenance• Single point of failure, unless
2 bus tie devices are used
Substation LayoutsBus Configurations – Dual Operate Bus
• Transformers can feed either bus
• Common newer distribution bus configuration
• Uses bus tie breaker to bypass for maintenance
Substation LayoutsBus Configurations – Double Breaker Ring Bus
• Most Expensive• Most Reliable• Largest footprint• Both buses are energized• Either bus can fail without
effecting service• Any breaker can be taken out
without effecting service
Substation LayoutsBus Configurations – Breaker-and-a-half Ring Bus
• Balances cost and reliability• Most common configuration
Substation LayoutsBus Configurations
• Each breaker protects two lines/transformers• Single breaker failure results in two lines/transformers
being dropped• Non-standard, unusual design
What is Grounding?Definition
A connection between an electrical conductor and the Earth. Grounds are used to establish a common zero-voltage reference for electric devices in order to prevent potentially dangerous voltages from arising between them and other objects.
Why is Grounding Needed?IEEE 80
Primary Objectives To provide means to carry electric currents into the earth
under normal and fault conditions without exceeding any operating and equipment limits or adversely affecting continuity of service.
To assure that a person in the vicinity of grounded facilities is not exposed to the danger of critical electric shock
Why is Grounding Needed?Equipment Protection
• Discharge currents
• Fast relay pickup• Create Earth
Reference• Fault Conditions
Equipment
Why is Grounding Needed?Safety
Safety
Lower grounding resistance
Provide equipotential
surfaces
Safety Goals
Safety GoalsTouch Potential
Minimum 4’ from grounded structure
Only applies to grounded structures within outer-most loop
Learning Objectives• Identify basic distribution overcurrent devices.• Appreciate overcurrent protection philosophies.• Estimate maximum and minimum fault current magnitude.• Differentiate between tolerable and intolerable overcurrent
levels.• Quantify the effects of transformer impedance upon maximum
fault current magnitude.• Determine the impact of device placement on
• Protective devices will be exposed to various overcurrent conditions • High magnitude, short duration fault currents limited only
by the equivalent system impedance.
• Minimum magnitude, longer duration fault currents limited mostly by conductor-ground contact resistance at the end of the device’s intended zone of protection
• Reliability is a measure of product quality, be it an automobile or electric service.
• Reliability may be defined as the probability that a product, piece of equipment, or a system performs at its intended level for a stated period of time under specified operating conditions.
• Fault Response – apply overcurrent protective devices to limit the number of customers affected by an event • Permanent Fault. Limit the number of customers affected and
reduce the time necessary to locate a fault. Requires careful device coordination.
• Temporary Fault. Use automatic reclosing to reduce permanent outages. MAIFI (will become worse).
• “Monitor” current and prevent excessive current • Have maximum continuous load current ratings• Have maximum fault current interrupting ratings• Have maximum operating voltage ratings• Have fusible element• Have factors important to proper operation
• melting time, arcing time, clearing time, time/current characteristics, and characteristics of other devices on line.
• Extinguish arc after zero point• Have limited maximum interrupting currents• DO NOT limit available fault energy• DO NOT reduce peak let-thru currents• If unable to clear, will arc until upstream
• Under fault current conditions, ribbon element quickly melts and vaporizes along its entire length - molten matter is blown into the surrounding sand
• Sand melts around the arc forming a glass-like fulgurite. • Fulgurite quickly increases the resistance of the fuse.• High resistance changes the power factor to near unity
• Opens under fault conditions• Selectable response parameters• Fast and delayed response for fuse-saving• May include ground-fault response
• Automatically re-closes• Allows faults a chance to be temporary• Improves reliability• Selectable reclose operations• Lock-out to de-energize the circuit for permanent faults.
• Curves identified by Numbers vs. Letters• Published curves: RESPONSE• CLEAR curves created by including
recloser’s interrupting time• Min. Trip current programmable• Open interval time programmable• Delayed curve programmable• Operation sequence programmable
– K-factor method used to verify coordination– Provides convenient, graphical solution– Factors are applied to the recloser’s FAST curve to ensure fuse-saving– Fuse must melt before recloser’s DELAYED curve to ensure lockout