FORM 4 Chapter 2: Forces and Motion Learning Objective: 2.1 Analysing Linear Motion Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd Teacher’s Resource Kit Physics SPM Displacement, Distance, Speed & Velocity
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Presentation Slides Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
Displacement, Distance,
Speed & Velocity
Distance and Displacement
Amir’s
The distance of the field from Amir’s house is
900 m. This is the distance Amir walks to the field.
The displacement of the field from Amir’s house is 750 m.
750 m
900 m
Distance and Displacement
Football field
750 m
900 m
Distance is a scalar quantity. It is represented by a value or magnitude.
Displacement is a vector quantity. It is the distance measured in a specific direction.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Speed?
These cars are on a straight road.
How do we measure exactly how fast each car is going?
The green car moves faster than the red car.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Speed?
In Physics, we measure ‘how fast’ an object is going by finding the distance moved for every unit of time.
This is called the ‘speed’ of the object:
The speed of a moving object is its rate of change of distance with time.
It can be measured in metres per second or m s1.
Distance
Time
Speed =
What is Speed?
Let us look at the motion of the red car again.
It was moving with a speed of 12 m s1.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Speed?
Let us look at the motion of the red car again.
It was moving with a speed of 12 m s1.
This means that the car travels 12 m every second.
1 s
12 m
1 s
12 m
1 s
12 m
1 s
12 m
Instantaneous Speed
The car probably did not move with the same speed throughout its journey.
It would have speeded up or slowed down during different parts of the journey.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
Instantaneous Speed
Instantaneous Speed
However, the speed of the car at any moment is given by the car speedometer.
The speed at any specific moment is called the instantaneous speed of the car.
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Average Speed
If the speed of a car is not constant, we can calculate its average speed over the whole journey.
Suppose the car travelled a total distance of 120 km in 3 hours.
Then, its average speed =
Total distance travelled
Total time taken
Average Speed
Snail
Bicycle
What is Velocity?
Consider an object moving at a constant speed of 3 m s1 in a circle.
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What is Velocity?
The speed of the object is constant. However, its direction is always changing.
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What is Velocity?
3 m s1
What is Velocity?
to the north
To describe both the speed and direction of the object, we measure its velocity.
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What is Velocity?
Both speed and velocity can be measured in m s1.
The velocity of a moving object is the rate of change of displacement with time.
You can think of velocity as speed in a particular direction.
Displacement
Time
Velocity =
What is Velocity?
So, the speed of this object is constant but its velocity is always changing.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
End of Presentation
Displacement, Distance,
Speed & Velocity
Distance and Displacement
Amir’s
The distance of the field from Amir’s house is
900 m. This is the distance Amir walks to the field.
The displacement of the field from Amir’s house is 750 m.
750 m
900 m
Distance and Displacement
Football field
750 m
900 m
Distance is a scalar quantity. It is represented by a value or magnitude.
Displacement is a vector quantity. It is the distance measured in a specific direction.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Speed?
These cars are on a straight road.
How do we measure exactly how fast each car is going?
The green car moves faster than the red car.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Speed?
In Physics, we measure ‘how fast’ an object is going by finding the distance moved for every unit of time.
This is called the ‘speed’ of the object:
The speed of a moving object is its rate of change of distance with time.
It can be measured in metres per second or m s1.
Distance
Time
Speed =
What is Speed?
Let us look at the motion of the red car again.
It was moving with a speed of 12 m s1.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Speed?
Let us look at the motion of the red car again.
It was moving with a speed of 12 m s1.
This means that the car travels 12 m every second.
1 s
12 m
1 s
12 m
1 s
12 m
1 s
12 m
Instantaneous Speed
The car probably did not move with the same speed throughout its journey.
It would have speeded up or slowed down during different parts of the journey.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
Instantaneous Speed
Instantaneous Speed
However, the speed of the car at any moment is given by the car speedometer.
The speed at any specific moment is called the instantaneous speed of the car.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
Average Speed
If the speed of a car is not constant, we can calculate its average speed over the whole journey.
Suppose the car travelled a total distance of 120 km in 3 hours.
Then, its average speed =
Total distance travelled
Total time taken
Average Speed
Snail
Bicycle
What is Velocity?
Consider an object moving at a constant speed of 3 m s1 in a circle.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Velocity?
The speed of the object is constant. However, its direction is always changing.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Velocity?
3 m s1
What is Velocity?
to the north
To describe both the speed and direction of the object, we measure its velocity.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
What is Velocity?
Both speed and velocity can be measured in m s1.
The velocity of a moving object is the rate of change of displacement with time.
You can think of velocity as speed in a particular direction.
Displacement
Time
Velocity =
What is Velocity?
So, the speed of this object is constant but its velocity is always changing.
Pearson Malaysia Sdn Bhd
End of Presentation
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