Discursive essay vocabulary

Argumentative Writing

New English File Advanced UNIT 4C

1st Step

• Read the question and underline key words

• Read the question and the instructions of the task carefully and decide on key vocabulary.

Try to use synonyms. Don’t repeat words

Top Tip

Planning

Planning

Listing main points

Sequencing ideas

P A FSelecting

techniques you will use

P E E

put the most important point first

or last.

Top Tip

Points => Find them! Evidences => Support your points!

Explanations => Express your views!

P E E

Purpose => What is your purpose? What do you want to convey to the audience?

Audience => Who are your audiences? Use your language appropriately!

Form => Structure and sequencing your idea!

P A F

Paragraphing

Introduction

Alternative view

Criticism of Alternative view

Your view

Conclusion

state the issue

give another side of view

demolish the alternative view by using cons

explain reasons and techniques to support your view

Summary

Conclusion

***Remember NEVER add any new information to it.

Conclusion is the end of the essay which the reader will remember most, so it should be clear and

avoid confusing the reader.

Top Tip

A Good Conclusion must:

• Rephrase the question.• Summarize the main ideas.• Look to the future.

A FOREST

AAnecdote

Telling your own story

FFact

Real event

that can be

prove.

OOpinion

Point of view

RRhetorical Question

Asking question that doesn’t any

answer

EExpert

Expert statement

SStatistic

Research

TTriple

3 powerful

and effective words.

A FORESTTechnique Example

Fact 5 to 53 facial muscles are used when you are smiling.

Opinion They smile which means they are happy.

Rhetorical Question Nobody likes people who are always stressed, don’t you?

Expert Scientists say smiling can extend 7 years of your life span.

Statistic About 80% of people who smile live longer than people who didn’t smile.

Triple Smiling makes you become more friendly, attractive and relaxed.

ConnectiveRemember to use them to link your ideas and paragraphs.

ExampleAdding new supporting information moreover, in addition, furthermore

Offering a different viewpoint in contrast, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, despite, but, while

Restarting a point for impact as stated earlier, to recap

Explaining cause and effect as a result, because, consequently

Useful words and phrases

When you would like to distance from the fact and be objective:

could be claimed It may be asserted that... However,

might be argued

Revision Checklist

• Catch your readers attention• State a clear opinion• Identify your reasons for asserting your opinion• Provide strong evidence for your main points• Address your oppositions argument• Convince the reader that your position is valid• Make it easy for your reader to read• Include your sources• Prevent plagiarism

TASK TO BE DONE

“TECHNOLOGY: FRIEND OR

FOE?”

• Write a 250-word discursive essay, giving for and against arguments

• Deadline: Wednesday, 13th April