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IýAflm 1 > ~ InPf.N .KtAHIY USL'qG AC. AT-BY

.. [tWA .Gf•.A"FVVFD.. Wt'•" 4-VINYIPYRIDINE

by

Gerhard MaiinEdwarcl J. Poziiwelek

James A. BalkerSWilliam S. Magee, Jr.

Rtesearch Division

Physical Protection Division ~ mOctber 198? I•1C O 0

S; A RM Y.AHA,.AMrNT RESEARCH ANO DEVELOPMENT COMMAJND

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GAS-SOLID CHROMATOGRAPHY STUDIES Technical ReportUSING ACTIVATED CHARCOALS TREATEDWITH 4-VINYLPYRIDINE 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER

7. AUTHOR(e) S. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(&)

Gerhard Magin James A. BakerEdward J. Poziomek William S. Magee, Jr.

9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT, PROJECT, TASKAREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERSCommander, Chemical Systems Laboratory 1LI61102A71A

ATTN: DRDAR-CLB Te6h AreaAberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010 Tech Area B

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Activated charcoalGas-solid chromatography •4-Vinylpyridine - .Reactive polymer

20. A BSTRACT ('C-a rthu m ý .reii rc e ay a nd Iden*lU y by blcck nmibet) Is m

The present paper reports the performance qf a e.roes. i"4-1vffyloridine-impregnated charcoals as gas-solid chromatograph columns in t ke wettrtfi ef: wter, aseries of alcohols (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-b tiol, telt-butano1),

and several hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, propane, cyeopropane).' 'Phe 4-vinylpyridineloadi-g ranged up to 30% by weight. The activated chardoal was a coal-based one with asurfa2e area of about 1000 sq m/gm.

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20. ABSTRACT (Continued)

The use of activated charcoal in gas chromatography centers around the anal-ysis of low boiling gases and hydrocarbons. Treatment of activated charcoal with4-vinylpyridine led to decreases in both retention times and heats of adsorption for theorganics examined. Increasing the 4-vinylpyridine content resulted in furtherdecreases; an exception was noted with water, in which case a minimum in the retentiontime was noted with charcoals containing 3% to 5% 4-vinylpyridine.

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PREFACE

The work described in this report was performed several years ago. It is being* jDlished under Project IL161I02A7lA, Research in Defense Systems, Chemical Defense. Theexperimental data are recorded in notebook CSL 420.

Reproduction of this document in whole or in part is prohibited except with permis-sion of the Commander, Chemical Systems Laboratory, ATTN: DRDAR-CLJ-R, AberdeenProving Ground, Maryland 21010; however, the Defense Technical Information Center and theNational Technical Information Service are authorized to reproduce the document for USGovernment purposes.

This report' has been approved for release to the public.

3

Si.

CONTENTS

PageI. INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 7

2. MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES ......................................... 72.1 Charcoals ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . ..... . 7

2.2 Test Materials . . ............................ . .............. ........ 72.3 Column Packing Procedure ......................................... 72.4 Gas Chromatograph ............................................... 7

3 CHARACTERISTICS AND PEFORMANCES OF GSC COLUMNS ............... 83.1 Water...... Treat.ent............................................................ *3.2 Humidification Treatment................. ....................... 83.3 Alcohols ...................................................................... 83.4 Hydrocarbons ................ .. ..................................... 143.5 Heats of Adsorption ............................................... 143.6 Comparison of Activated Charcoals ................................ I1

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION .................................................. 14

LITERATURE CITED ............. ....................................... 19

DISTRIBUTION LIST ..................................................... 21

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

1. Retention Time of Water Versus Weight Percent of 4-VinylpyridineContained in Charcoal Adsorbent ................................... 9

2. Peak Heights of Water Pulses Versus Weight Pcrcent of 4-VinylpyridineContained in Charcoal Adsorbent ................................... 10

3. Peak Areas of Water Pulses Versus Weight Percent of 4-VinylpyridineContained in Charcoal Adsorbent ................................... 10

4. Plate Numbers of Charcoal Columns Versus Weight Percent of4-Vinylpyridine Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent (Water PulseExperiments ...... . . . . . .......................................... 11

5. Tailing Factors from Water Chromatograms Versus Weight Percent of4-Vinylpyridine Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent ...................... 11

6. Water Chromatograms, Curve A, Unimpregnated Charcoal, Curve B, 10%4-Vinylpyridine ..................... ................ .. .......... 12

7. Plot of Retention Time of Cyclopropane Versus Weight Percent of4-Vinylpyriciine Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent ..................... 15

Table LIST OF TABLES

1. Equilibrium Adsorption of Water Vapor By a 4-Vinylpyridine-Impregnated Charcoal ................................................ 13

2. Retention Times of Hydroxylic Compounds ........................... 133. Retention Times of Hydrocarbons on 4-Vinylpyridine Impregnated

Charcoal Columns at 110 0 C ....................................... 14

4. Heats of Adsorption of Various Compounds on 4-VinylpyridineImpregnated Charcoals ............................................ 16

5. Comparison of the Performance of Three Activated Carbons as GSCColumn Material With Water, Methanol, and Ethane .................... 16

GAS-SOLID CIIROMATOGRAPHY STUDIES USING ACTIVATEDCHARCOALS TREATED WITH 4-VINYLPYRIDINE

I. INTRODUCTION

Activated charcoals are characterized by large surface areas (400 to 1200 sq m/gin)and thle presence of a variety of polar surface groups, such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl.These adsorbents have been used in gas-solid chromatograqhy (GSC) for the analysis of perma-nent gases and hydrocarbons; a recent review is available.' It has also been reported that 0SCtechniques are useful in studying the oxidation of CO by a Cu/Cr/Ag catalyst supported oncharcoal. Because of their strong adsorptive characteristics, activated charcoals have beenapplied in GSC only for the analysis of compounds of low molecular weight. Attempted analysisof polar and hydrogen bonding compounds usually leads to peak tailing, irreversible adsorption,and/or "gh.Irstilg" phenomena. These problems have also been encountered with graphitizedcarbon WAacks, but were largely eliminated by prior treatment of the carbons with hydrogen at1000 C. The chemical nature of the surfacl of activated charcoal can be modified permanentlyby a vapor treatment with 4-vinylpyridine.1 This treatment apparently involves an adsorptionpolymerization, but the resulting surface was not fully characterized. Such surface treatmentsgive rise to various possibilities of adjusting specific adsorptive forcesp obtaining more homo-geneous surfaces, and changing selectivity in GSC applications.

We describe here the characteristics and performances of 4-vinylpyridine-impreg-nated charcoals as GSC adsorbents with water, and alcohols and hydrocarbons of low molecularweight. Also, the effect of treating an activated charcoal with hydrogen at 4400C wasexamined in a limited fashion for purposes of comparison.

2. MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES

2.1 Charcoals.

Samples from a single lot of 12 to 30 mesh coal-base activated charcoal (surfacearea ca 1000 sq m/gm, CWS grade, Pittsburgh Activated Carbon Division, Calgon Corp) wereutilized. Inpregnation of tile charcoal was accomplished according to a procedure reportedpreviously. Essentially, it involved vapor adsorption of 4-vinylpyridine onto charcoal rotatingin a flask.

2.2 Test Materials.

Methane, ethane, propane, cyclopropane, and butane were obtained from tileMatheson Company, Inc. in CP grade. Methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol, n-propanol, n-butanol,and tert-butanol were reagent grade. Distilled water was also employed.

2.3 Column Packing Procedure.

Charcoal was added to the column from a funnel reservoir. A hand-held vibrator(Vibrocrafter, Inc.) was utilized to ensure reproducible packing. Stainless-steel 1/4-inch ODcolumns in 30-cm lengths were employed. The effective packing length was near 29 cm.Obviously, the weight of charcoal required to fill the column varied because of density differ-ences among the impregnated samples. For example, 3.90 gin of a 30% 4-vinylpyridine carbonor 2.61 gm of the unimpregnated material were needed to fill a 30-cm column.

7

2.4 Gas Chromatograph.

A 7620A series Hewlett Packard chromatograph was employed. The thermalconductivity detector was utilized for all of the experiments. The bridge current and thermalconductivity temperature were kept at 150 MA and 160 C, respectively. Helium was thecarrier gas. A Hamilton microliter syringe (7101) and a Precision Sampling Corp. Pressure Lokgas syringe (1 cc) were used for the injection of liquids and gases, respectively.

3. CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCES OF GSC COLUMNS

3.1 Water.

A study was carried out on the performance of charcoal and 4-vinylpyridine-impreg-nated charcoals against water. Conditions included: 0.5 pl water; injection port temperature,1400 C; column temperature, 1200C; and helium flow rate 40 ml/min. Plots of retention time,peak heights, peak areas, plate numbers, and tailing factors, each versus weight percent of thecharcoal as 4-vinylpyridine, are given in figures I through 5. Typical water chromatogramsobtained using unimpregnated charcoal and a 10% 4-vinylpyridine charcoal are given in figure 6.

Peak areas were determined by using a disc integrator unit. Retention times (tR),tailing factors, and peak heights were calculated using conventional techniques as describec-inthe chromatograph operating manual. The plate numbers were obtained from the formula 5.545(tR, cm/half-width, cm).

The effect of conditioning time is evident in figure 1. Conditioning at 1200C for 2hours was not found to give reproducible data. However, conditioning at 1500C overnight did,and this was adopted as a standard practice.

All data points represent averages from three to six determinations with the same

column. Standard deviations for the various retention times were usually 0.01 to 0.02 minutes.Reproducibility between two columns prepared from the same charcoal was found to be accept-able. For example, two different columns of 2% 4-vinylpyridine charcoal gave the followingpairs of average values: tR(cm) - 0.89, 0.89; peak area - 680, 660; peak height - 53, 51.

3.2 Humidification Treatment.

The GSC characteristies of activated charcoal and 4-vinylpyridine-impregnatedcharcoals can be modified early by a simple humidification treatment. For example, columns ofcharcoal which had been utilized in obtaining the data for curve B of figure 1 were equilibratedwith air at 80% RH and 75°F with the air drawn through the columns. The weight percentwater pickup decreased with increasing 4-vinylpyridine content (table 1). The columns werethen reconditioned at 1500C overnight in the chromatograph. As apparent in curve C (figure 1),the htumidification treatment led to a general increase in the retention times for water.However, a minimum is still present; also, there is more scatter of thle data.

3.3 Alcohols.

Dependence of retention time for several alcohols on percent 4-vinylpyridine con-tained in the charcoal adsorbent, boiling point of the hydroxylic compound, and number of car-bon atoms in the hydroxylic material is evident in table 2. Chromatography conditions: 0.5 p Ialcohol; injection port, 1550 C; column temperature, 1500 C; helium flow rate, 60 ml/min.

1.4

1.3 C U

1.2

•.,11 B

1.0

0.98 t

0.7-0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Percent 4-Vinylpyridino

Figure 1. Retention Time of Water Versus Weight Percent of4-Vinylpyridine Contained in the Charcoal Adsorbent

A, columns conditioned 2 hours, 120 0 C; D, columns conditioned overnight 1500C;C, columns used in T3, then humidified to constant weight in 80% R1H air andreconditioned again overnight at 1500C

9

4i

110 -

100

90 *.%30

707

60

500 5 10 15 20 25 30

Percent 4-Vinylpyridine

4o

Figuire 2. Peak Heights of Water Pulsges Versus Weight percentof 4-Vinyipyridine Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent

30. 0

20-

01

0 5 10 15 20 25 30Percent 4-Vinylpyridirne

Figure 3. Peak Areighs of Wnter~ Pulses Versus Weight Percentof' 4-Vinyipyridinc Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent

01

20

50

z040 *

300 5 10 15 20 25 30

Percent 4-Vinylpyridine

Figure 4. Plate Numbers of Charcoal Columns Ver-,us Weight Percentof 4-Vinylpyridine Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent

(Water Pulse Experiments)

8

4

0J0 10 is 20 25 30

Percent 4-Vinylpyridine

Figure 5. Tailing Factors from iWater Chromatograms Versus weigiltPercent of 4-Vinylpyridine Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent

90-B

80 -

70

S60

C

0)

4-2 50_€

'-4 A0

202

,,- o i.........

1__34

Table 1. Equilibrium Adsorption ofWater Vapor* hy a 4-Vinylpyridine

Impregnated Charcoal

I 4-Vinylpyridine Waterimpregnant adsorbed

0 38.50.5 37.60.8 37.11.5 35.63.4 34.35.0 32.9

10 26.815 19.220 12.625 9.130 9.2

*From 80% RH air

Table 2. Retention Times of Hydroxylic Compounds

Retention time (tR) minHydroxylic adsorbentcompound 4-Vinylpyridine on

Name Boiling charcoalpoint 0 3.4 25

H20 100 0.47 0.24 0.30

CH 3OH 65 1.96 1.11 0.70

C 2H5OH 78.5 14.5 5.80 2.27

n-C 3H7OH 97.1 - 30.9 9.45

isa-C3 H 7OH 82.4 - - 6.35

n-C 4 H9 OH 117.5 - - 44.6

tert-C4 H9OH 82.2 - - 14.9

Plots of In t versus number of carbons (hydroxylic compound) are linear for each ofthe charcoals examined. Slopes (and correlation coefficients) for the 0%, 3.4% and 25% 4-vinylpyridine carbons are 1.71 (0.9954), 1.62 (0.9998), and 1.26 (0.9937). The slope (and correla-tion coefficient) for the 25% 4-vinylpyridine carbon, ieaving out the point for water, are 1.39(0.9981).

13

-- --7 -

3.4 Hydrocarbons.

A study was carried out with hydrocarbons for determination of the heats of adsorp-tion of various carbons. To illustrate relative charcoal performance, retention time dependencefor several charcoals at a column temperature of 1100 C is given in table 3. Chromatographicconditions: 1.0 ml hydrocarbon gas; injection port, 1550C; helium flow rate, 60 ml/min.

Table 3. Retention Times of Hydrocarbonson 4-Vinylpyridine Impregnated

Charcoal Columns at 1100 C

Retention time (tR), minHydrocarbon adsorbent

4-Vinylpyridine on charcoal0 3.4 10

CH 4 0.09 0.10 0.03

C2H6 2.39 1.17 0.60

C3 H8 21.7 9.42 3.74

L Cyclopropane 15.7 6.71 3.14

Also, data obtained at varj" - column temperatures for tR of cyclopropane versus

percent 4-vinylpyridine loading are given in figure 7.

3.5 Heats of Adsorpt!on.

Heats of adsorption of various compound" the 4-vinylpyridine-impregnated char-coals and the unimpregnated charcoal are listed ih te 4. These were calculated from slopesof In tR versus I/Tabs. The temperatures choser ed from 70 0 C to 170 0 C, dep,- ling on thecompound being examined. For a particular r und, the difference betweei. ýighest andiawest temperatures was at least 400C. Three, .o r temperatures were examined. Correla-tion coefficients for the straight line ploz 4eýe no r less than 0.995. Normally; values ofbetter than 0.999 were obtained.

3.6 Corrpariso2L, of Activate(' o "

The performance of three activated carbons as column materials was compared withwater, methanol, and ethane (table 5). Two of the carbons were samples of the PkttsburghActivated Carbon Division, BPL and CWS grades. The third carbon (CWSH) was CRIS grade,pretreated with hydrogen at 440 0 C. Chromatographic conditions included: 0.5mI water, 0.5PImethanol, 1.0 pl ethane; injection port, 1550rC; column temperatures chosen from 1100 to1600 C; helium flow rate, 60 ml/min.

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The 4-vinylpyridine treatment decreased the capacity for equilibrium _Jsorption ofthe charcoal (table I) and the retention times for the alcohols and hydrocarbons (tables 2 and

4 3). Surface area effects .vere not determined. Hydrogen troatment also led to a reduction in

14a

50

40

S30E

i'r-

4 2i.2

10

eA100

C0 D

0 3.4 7 10Percent 4-Vinylpyridine

Figure 7. Plot of Retention Time of Cyclopropane Versus WeightPercent of 4-Vinylpyridine Contained in Charcoal Adsorbent.

Column temperatures: A, 809C; B, 1100 C; 130OC; D, 150 0 C

15

Table 4. Heats of Adsorption of Various Compoundson 4-Vinylpyridine Impregnated Charcoals

AdsorbentCompound 4-vinylpyridine on charcoal

0 3.4 10

H2 0b 9 .5 a 9 .7a 8.4

CH3OH 9.9 - 10.4

C2 H5OH 12.8 - 12.2

n-C 3 H7 OH - 13.0

iso,-C3 17 0H - - 12.2

CH4 6.0 6.1 5.3

C2 H6 7.5 7.0 6.5

C3 H8 9.8 9.1 8.5

Cyclopropfnee 9.7 8.7 8.2

a Chromatographic experiments performed at an He flow

rate of 40 ml/min. All other runs were at 60 ml/min.b Heats of adsorption for water using 0.8% and 25% 4-

vinylpyridine charcoal were 9.4 and 9.6 kcal/mole,respectively.

c Heat of adsorption using 7% 4-vinylpyridine charcoal was8.3 keal/mole.

Table 5. Comparison of the Performance of Three ActivatedCarbons as GSC Column Materials With Water,

Methanol, and Ethane

Retention time Plate numbers of carbonsColumn-

temperature BPL CWS CWSH BPL CWS CWSHOc mCrin

Water110 0.46 - 0.29 32 - 34130 0.27 0.31 0.20 27 29 29150 0.17 0.18 0.13 24 22 20160 0.15 0.13 - 20 18 -

(AH, keal (7.7) (9.7) (6.6)/mole) I

Methanol

110 - I - 3.91 - - 79130 3.12 3.04 2.15 69 50 74150 1.78 1.66 1.27 67 49 71130 1.42 1.30 - 66 45 -

(AH, kcal (9.1) (9.9) (9.0)/mole)

16

Table 5. Continued

Retention time Plate numbers of carbonsColumn

temPerature BPL CWS CWSH BPL CWS CWSH1c min

Ethane

110 2.72 2.26 1.90 55 42 53130 1.65 1.34 1.18 52 40 48150 1.02 0.84 0.77 48 33 45160 - 0.76 0.66 - 35 43

(AH, kcal (7.9) (7.4)* (7.1)/mole)

*Repeat run for pupose of checking reproducibility also gave 7.4.

retention times (as shown in table 5 with a CWS grade charcoal), but the effects do not appearas dramatic. The 4-vinylpyridine treatment suppressed to a great extent the tailing normallyobserved with activated charcoals (figures 5 and 6). As mentioned earlier, activated eharcoalsare normally used for the analysis of permanent gases and hydrocarbons; difficulties areencountered with polar and hydrogen bonding compounds. It is obvious that a simple treatmentinvolving vapor adsorption of 4-vinylpyridine onto the charcoal offers the possibility ofextending the utility of activated charcoals in GSC. The 4-vinylpyridine treatment was initiallyof interest because of chemicai reactivity considerations, 4 however, it would be important toexamine the effects of treating charcoal with other monomers as wel". If polymerizationoccurs, the treatment may be a "pernanent" one. Different surface characteristics shouldresult depending on the choice of monomer.

No attempt was made to prevent water from being adsorbed on the wall of the stain-less-steel columns. Trace quantities of water have been determined by Kaiser5 using carbosieveB, a highly nonpolar carbon (water is quickly eluted without tailing before methane). Kaiserfound that quartz tubing adsorbs water less than either glass or stainless steel. Extreme cautionmust be used in handling carbosieve B. Oxidation of the surface causes peak tailing to occur.Considerable tailing is observed in any event with water.

In the present study the effect of particle size on column performance was notexamined. The charcoal was used as received. Its low cost is an attractive feature. For an ex-tended study with a particular activated charcoal, it is recommended that sufficient quantity bepurchased to eliminate differences in the nature of the charcoal which might be found amongparticular lots of the same grade.

The effects on retention times noted with increasing 4-vinylpyridine content areundoubtedly due to a reduction of active surface area or suppression of active sites. An inter-esting anomaly involves water. The retention times decrease with increasing 4-vinylpyridinecontent up to 3 to 4 percent then increase (figure 1). A minimum was also observed in a plot ofpeak areas of water pulses versus weight percent of 4-vinylpyridine contained in the charcoal.The possibility exists that clustering or molecular arrangement of the vinylpyridine moleculesproduces centers which facilitate the adsorption of water through hydrogen bonding.

17

S b. i h• k, • , • .* II * • o * = i•" • • q • - •" ' • - " •

The presence of the vinylpyridine appears to give rise to surface homogeneity interms of the pyridine taking up the most stronfly specific adsorptive sites. However, the pyri-dine nitrogens which are apparently available form a surface which appears more specific forwater adsorption as the concentration of 4-vinylpyridine increases, this despite the fact that theequilibrium absorption capacity for water (table 1) decreases.

18

LITERATURE CITED

1. Vidal-Madjar, C., and Guiochon, 0. Sep. Purif. Methodsj, 1(1973).

2. Meier, E. G., Luokan, S. K., and Poziomek, E. J. Carbon 11 417 (1973).

3. DiCorcia, A., and Bruner, F. J. Chromatogr. 62, 462 (1971).

4. Baker, J. A., and Poziomek, E. J. Carbon 12, 45 ([974).

5. Kaiser, R. Chromatographia L 453 (1969).

19

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ATTN; DRSAR-IRW 1Rock Island, IL 61299 Commander

USA Training and Doctrine Command

Commander ATTN: ATCD-N

US Army Dugwey Proving Ground Fort Monroe, VA 23651ATTN: Technical Library (Docu Sect) 1

Dugway, UT 84022 Commander

US Army Armor Center

US ARMY TRAINING & DOCTRINE COMMAND ATTN: ATZK-CD-MS IATTN! ATZK-PPT-PO-C I

Commandant Fort Knox, KY 40121

US Army Infantry School

ATTN: CTDD, CSD, NBC Branch I Commander

Fort Benning, GA 31905 USA Combined Arms Center and

Fort Loavenworlh

Commandint ATTN: ATZL-CAM-IM

US Army Missile & Munitions Center Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027and School

ATTN: ATSK-CM 1 US ARMY TEST & EVALUATION COMMAND

ATTN: ATSK-TME 1

Rodstono Ar:enal, AL 35809 Commande-US Army Test & Evaluation Command

Commander ATTN: DRSTE-CT-T

US Army Logistics Center Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005

ATTN: ATCL-MG 1Fort Leo, VA 23001 DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY

Chief of Naval ResearchATTN: Code 441800 N. Quincy StreetArlington, VA 22217

23

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Commender AFAMRL/IHENaval Surface Weapons Center ATTN: Dr. Clyde Roplogglo

Code G51 WrIght-Patterson AFB, OH 45433Dahigron, VA 22440

14Q AFTEC/TELChief, Bureau of Medicine & Surgery Kirtland AF'3, NM 87117Department of the NavyATTN: MED 3C33 USAF TAWC/THL

Washington, DC 20372 ElIn AFB, FL 32542

Commander AFATL/DLVNaval Air Development Center Eglin AFB, FL 32542ATTN: Code 2012 (Dr. Robert Heimbold) I

Warminster, PA 18974 USAF SCATTN: AD/YQ

US MARINE CORPS ATTN: AD/YQO (MAJ Owens)Eglin AFO, FL 32542

CommandantHQ, US Marine Corps USAFSAM/VN

ATTN: Code LMW-50 I Deputy for Chemical Defense

Washington, DC 20380 ATTN: Dr. F. Wesley Baumgardner

Brooks AFB, TX 78235

Commanding GeneralMarine Corps Development and AFAMRL/TS

E .ucaton ,Couimand ATTNn: COL JohnsonATTN: Fire Power Division, D091 Wright-Patterson AF8, OH 45433Quantico, VA 22134

AMD/RDTKDEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE ATTN: LTC T. Kingory

Brooks AFO, TX 78235

ASD/AESD

Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433 OUTSIDE AGENCIES

1HQ AFSC/SDZ Batte lie, Columbus LaboratoriesATTN: CPT D. Rledlger ATTN: TACTECAndrews AFB, MD 20334 505 King Avenue

Columbus, OH 43201

HQ, AFSC/SDNE IAndrews AFB, ME) 20334 Toxicology Information Center, JH 652

National Research Council I

HQ, AFSC/SGB 1 2101 Constitution Ave., NWq Andrews AFB, OC 20334 Washington, DC 20418

HIQ, NORAD US Public Health ServiceATTN: J-3TU 1 Center for Disease ControlPeterson AFB, CO 80914 ATTN. Lewis Webb, Jr.

Building 4, Hoom 232

Atlanta, GA 30333

24

DI rec totControl Intolligonco A9oiicyATTN: AMR/ORD/OD/S&TWashington, DC 20505

ADDITIONAL ADDRESSEES

Commander217th Chemical Dotachmont

ATTN: AFVL-CDFort Knox, KY 40121

HoadquartersUS Army Medical Research and

Development Command

ATTN: SGRD-RMSFort Detrick, MD 21701

Stlmson Library (Documents)Acadomy of Health Sclncos, US Army

BIdg. 2040Fort Sam Houston, TX 70234

25