DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

A PRIMER OF KNOWLEDGE THAT CAN MULTIPLY AND SPILL OVER FOR THE

BENEFIT OF MILLIONS

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of

North Carolina, USAhttp://www.gadr.giees.uncc.edu

EXAMPLE:REMEMBERING 2OO9:

THE YEAR OF EL NINO, PACIFIC CYCLONES, HURRICANES, AND TYPHOONS; EARTHQUAKES;

AND WILDFIRES

ALONG WITH:

ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES, LANDSLIDES, TSUNAMIS, OIL SPILLS, VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS, AND GLOBAL WARMING

IMPACTED NATIONS

• Australia, The Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos. Mexico, Italy, Nicaragua, Greece, Turkey, Indonesia, American Samoa, Vanuatu, Honduras, USA (California, North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota), … …

SOCIETAL IMPACTS DURING 2009

• Thousands killed and injured.

• Hundreds of thousands of homes inundated or destroyed.

• Infrastructure damaged and destroyed.

• Toxic materials released into the air, water, and soil.

• Health care needs sharply increased everywhere.

• Millions evacuated and hundreds of thousands displaced.

• Livelihoods of hundreds of millions adversely affected.

• $ Tens of billions in insured and uninsured economic losses..

EL NINO AND PACIFIC CYCLONES, HURRICANES,

AND TYPHOONS

EVIDENCE OF PLANET EARTH’S WILD WEATHER

El Nino, was well developed in 2009, causing an increase in Pacific hurricanes and typhoons and a decrease in Atlantic tropical storms and hurricanes.

CYCLONE HAMISH

MARCH 5, 2009

CYCLONE HAMISH IMPACTS QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA

• A CAT 4 STORM WITH 175 MPH WINDS • DISRUPTION OF COAL EXPORTS AND THE TOURIST INDUSTRY• A MAJOR OIL SPILL

MARCH 9, 2009

PACIFIC BASIN HURRICANES

•August 2009, with 7 named storms, was one of the most active Augusts on record for the basin. This level of activity had not occurred since 1968.

HURRICANE RICK: CAT 5 OCT 15, 2009

TYPHOONS

The worst include:• MORAKOT• KETSANA

• PARMA• MIRANIE

MORAKOT’S PATH: SEPT 7-10

TYPHOON MORAKOT• A MAJOR DISASTER IN THE PHILIPPINES, TAIWAN, AND CHINA• HOUSES , A HOTEL, BRIDGES, AND VILLAGES DESTROYED• 40 DEAD, BUT HUNDREDS MISSING

3-10 AUGUST 2009

1,000,000 EVACUATED

Southeast China evacuated nearly 1 million people ahead of the storm, after Morakot dumped 2.5 meters (100 inches) of rain on Taiwan, causing the worst flooding in 50 years.

RECORD FLOODING IN THE METROPOLITAN MANILA AREA, THE PHILIPPINES,

FROM TYPHOONS MOROKOT, KETSANA, PARMA, AND

MIRANIE September 26 – OCTOBER 31, 2009

TYPHOON KETSANA: SEPTEMBER 23-30, 2009

WHAT HAPPENED• Nearly a month's worth of rain fell in just

six hours on Saturday on Manila, the Philippine capital, stranding thousands on rooftops in the city and elsewhere as tropical storm Ketsana (AKA locally as Ondoy) slammed ashore.

• The flood waters reached two stories high in many areas in Metro Manila

ON TO CAMBODIA AND VIETNAM

WHAT HAPPENED

• 200,000 evacuated in Vietnam.• Thousands left homeless.• 99 dead in Vietnam. 16 in

Cambodia, and 14 in Laos.

TYPHOON PARMA REACHES THE PHILIPPINES ON OCTOBER 3

• Over 100,000 were evacuated to safe ground in anticipation of Parma’s landfall.

• Fortunately, the storm changed direction and the rain-drenched capital, Manila, escaped the worst effects of Parma.

SWOLLEN CAGAYAN RIVER FLOODS RICE AND CORN FIELDS

WHAT HAPPENED BETWEEN OCTOBER 3-10

• A dozen Landslides caused by Typhoon Parma buried people in villages in the northern Philippines.

• The death toll from the storm reached at least 224.

THE 2009 ATLANTIC HURRICANE SEASON WAS SLOW TO DEVELOP AND,

EXCEPT FOR IDA, THE STORMS WERE MAINLY

RAINMAKERS

ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES

• ANA• BILL• CLAUDETTE• DANNY• ERIKA • FRED

• GRACE• HENRI

• IDA

TRACK OF ANA THRU FRED: AUGUST- SEPTEMBER 2009

HURRICANE IDA: NOV 5

IDA– RAINMAKER FOR THE GULF & ATLANTIC COASTS: NOV 9-14

EARTHQUAKES

• L'AQUILLA, ITALY• HONDURAS

•CHINA• INDONESIA

• AMERICAN SAMOA (Tsunami)•VENAUTU

• Many earthquake survivors had to be transported to Rome for surgery and/or treatment due to shortage of resources in the L’Aquila area

LOCATION MAP

MODERATE EARTHQUAKE STRIKES YUNNAN, CHINA

• M6.0• Depth: about 14 km• 7:19 PM

JULY 9, 2009

YUNNAN PROVINCE

LOCATION: INDONESIAN QUAKES

PADANG: OCTOBER 1, 2009• The port city of Padang (population of 900,000) was in

chaos on Thursday, October 1, after a powerful M7.6 earthquake struck the island of Sumatra on Wednesday.

• Fires were burning, sirens blaring, dazed residents wandering in streets covered with rubble, and hundreds trapped beneath collapsed buildings.

• Nearly every building over three stories in Padang suffered damage from the first quake, which was just 30 miles away.

• Padang’s three main hospitals all collapsed.

AMERICAN SAMOA: SEPT 29

LOCATION

M7.8 EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI IN VANUATUOCTOBER 7, 2009

LANDSLIDES

• MESSINA, ITALY• THE PHILIPPINES

• TAIWAN• INDONESIA

RIVERS OF MUD DEVASTATE MESSINA, ITALY

OCTOBER 2, 2009

MESSINA: MUD FLOWS

WHAT HAPPENED BETWEEN OCTOBER 3-10

• A dozen Landslides caused by Typhoon Parma buried people in villages in the northern Philippines.

• The death toll from the storm reached at least 224.

MORAKOT-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE BURIES TAIWAN VILLAGE, AUG 10

QUAKE-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE: PADANG PARIAMAN, INDONESIA

WILDFIRES

• AUSTRALIA• ATHENS, GREECE

•CALIFORNIA

WALL OF FIRE MOVES ACROSS SE AUSTRALIA

MELBOURNE AREA

WILDFIRES NEAR ATHENS, GREECEAUGUST 22, 2009

“MONSTOR WILDFIRE” NEAR LOS ANGELES,

CALIFORNIA

• COVERING 190 SQUARE MILES AND GROWING RAPIDLY•CONTAINED ON SEPT 15th

August 28 – September 15, 2009

FIGHTING WILDFIRES ON A 100 DEGREES F DAY

WILDFIRES

• A huge wildfire is threatening to engulf 12,000 homes in the Los Angeles area along a 20 mile (32 km) front.

• It is also advancing on a broadcasting complex and a historic observatory located on Mount Wilson.

FLOODS• NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, AND MINNESOTA

• CHINA• TURKEY

•ITALY•ENGLAND

NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, AND MINNESOTA

EXPERIENCE MAJOR FLOODING

MARCH 28-30, 2009

FUJIAN PROVINCE, CHINA: AUGUST 10 (TYPHOON MORAKOT RELATED)

FLASH FLOODS HIT ISTHANBUL, TURKEY

Losses expected to exceed $100 millionSEPTEMBER 9, 2009

FLASH FLOODS IN TURKEY

•Waves of muddy waters carrying cars, trees and debris crashed into homes and buildings on Wednesday (Sept 9) as people were getting up to break their fast during the holy month of Ramadan.

ISTHANBUL'S VULNERABILITY

• This disaster revealed Isthanbul’s vulnerability to flooding. • In Istanbul, water tries to find a way to move over and under the ground, but can’t because all of the ground is poured concrete.

REMEMBERING RECORD FLOODS IN NORTHWEST

ENGLAND

(WITH SEVERE FLOOD WARNINGS IN SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND)

NOVEMBER 19-21, 2009

LOCATION OF CUMBRIA, ENGLAND

AERIAL VIEW OF COLLAPSED BRIDGE: CUMBRIA AREA

OIL SPILLS

PLANET EARTH AIR, WATER, AND SOIL ARE EASILY

DAMAGED BY NATURE’S AND MAN’S ACTIONS

CYCLONE HAMISH: OIL SPILL IMPACTS AUSTRALIAN BEACHES

AUSTRALIAN WILDFIRES: WORST EVER

WINDS OF 60 MPH (100 KM/HR) CREATE WALL OF FIRE

9-11 FEBRUARY 2009