Disaster Preparedness PDF

7/25/2019 Disaster Preparedness PDF

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GROUP 3


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BY BEING RESPONSIBLEyou can stop these disasters from happenin


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EFFECTS OF DISASTERS

If you have not yet experienced any disaster in yo

is hard for you to imagine on how you will handle

situation. Coping with the human suffering and co

of a disaster requires a certain inner strength. Discan cause you to lose loved ones, neighbours or f

can cause you to lose your home, property, and so

livelihood.


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EFFECTS OF DISASTERS

The emotional effects of loss and disruption can s

right away or may appear weeks or months later.

remember that everyone is capable of recovering

disasters; no matter how extreme it is, thus return

normal life again.


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REACTIONS OF PEOPLE WHO EXPERIDISASTERS

Since disaster usually happens quickly and witho

warning, it can be very scary for both adults and

It may cause you to leave your home, your daily ro

and deal with many varied emotions However, yo

realize that all these are normal behaviours. It is vimportant that you understand no matter what the

there is a natural grieving process and every per

handle that process differently.


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LISTED BELOW ARE SOME NORMAL REACTIONS O

A. Right after disaster Shock

Fear

Disbelief

Difficulty in making decisions

Refusal to leave home or area

Wont find help or help others

B. Days, Weeks, or Months Anger or moodiness

Depression

Loss of weight

Change in appetite

nightmares

Crying for no reason

Isolation

Guilt

Anxiety

Domestic violence


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EMOTIONAL RECOVERY TIPS FOR ADULTS

The following strategies can be done for emotiona1. Recognize your own feelings so you can deal with them

and responsibly.

2. Talking to others relieve stress and helps you realize yo

alone.Other victims are struggling with the same emoti

including your own family. Dont leave out the little ones

talk about their feelings and share your feelings with th

3. Realize that other people who would like to help you ar

sincere, so allow them to help you.


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4. Take some time off and do something to enjoy relieving

stress. Enjoy the company of your family.

5. Get as much rest as possible. Stress can exhaust you.

6. Just go on with your routine schedule. Be realistic and d

necessary pace in your schedule.

7. Exercise or work out to release stress or pent-up energ

8. A hug or gentle touch such as holding a hand or an arm

helpful during stressful situation.


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9. Be careful with your reaction because it has great impac

child if youre alarmed or worried they will be scared,

they cry also.

10. Keep the family together as much as possible and inclu

the discussion.11. Ask the kids to express his views on what happened thr

illustrations or drawings.


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12. Explain to the kids what a disaster is and why it happ

facts and words within their level of understanding.

13. Assure the kids and family that they are safe to regai

confidence.


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1. HURRICANES ANDTYPHOONS


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Hurricanes and typhoons both meansstorm and are termed tropical

cyclones. The normal path of typhoons

is westward across the Philippines,

recurring northeast ward as they

approach Mainland, Asia.


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WHAT CAN PEOPLE DO TO PREPARE HURRICANES AND TYPHOONS?

1. Be familiar with the hurricane and typhoon war

that everybody will be guided to the level of pr

required.

2. Be aware of the possible dangers in ones vicini

Secure items that may topple down. Bring live s

safe areas.


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3. Provide measures to minimize the disasters

the ecosystem by providing infrastructure or

against possible damage.

4. Prepare a personal evacuation plan. Take only n

items and secure the house properly before lea

C O O O


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5. Assemble a personal disaster supply kit, consi

the following: first aid kit and essential medica

canned goods and can opener; at least three g

water; protective clothing, rainwear, and beddi

sleeping bags; battery powered radio, flashligh

extra batteries; special items for infants, elderly

disabled family members.

WHAT CAN PEOPLE DO TO PREPARE


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6. If not advised to evacuate, people should stay in

and away from windows.

7. Stay away from floodwaters as they become danand unpredictable in a storm.



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8. When authorities advise going back to individu

homes, first inspect it for damages. The house ma

unsafe to enter.

9. Use flashlights in the dark. Candles, lighters, or

may cause fire if there is a gas leak.



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10. Be alert for tornadoes. Tornadoes can occur d

after a hurricane. Remain indoors, and at the cent

house, a closet or a bathroom without windows. It advisable to stay in the basement.


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2. EARTHQUAKES


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Earthquake is the sudden, massive

shaking of land. Its caused byvolcanic eruptions or tectonic plate

movements. Earthquake can be

disastrous depending on their

intensity and proximity to

population centers and physicalinfrastructure.



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WHAT CAN PEOPLE DO TO PREPARE AN EARTHQUAKE?

1. Have a calm composure and get out of the hou

during earthquakes. Panic is the greatest ene

cool head can respond well during emergenc

2. Have a reserved rations, medicine, and water

times. These will be needed close down.



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3. Repair damaged parts of the house after a maj

earthquake. This should be done immediately to

further damages during after shocks and to prote

who will get into the house

4. Encourage the community to come up with an

earthquake preparedness campaign.



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5. Be ready for the possible after effects of disaste

as loss of jobs, and develop positive outlook in life

6. Work with the community and the government t

rehabilitate the systems in the community.

WHAT SHOULD PEOPLE DO DURIN


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WHAT SHOULD PEOPLE DO DURINAN EARTHQUAKE?



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DROP to the ground (before the earthquake drops you!)

TAKE COVER by getting under a sturdy desk or table, and

HOLD ON to it until the shaking stops.

In modern buildings, falling down, or being struck by falling objects

earthquake-related injuries. DROP, COVER and HOLD ON immediately.

STAY INDOORS, do not exit building or use elevators.

STAY AWAY from all windows and large glass objects.

AVOID being underneath heavier objects such as lights, wall hangin

which may fall.

HELP DIRECT people with special needs to a safe place, if necessa

Wheelchair-bound individuals should lock brakes.

IN

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OU

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Move to an area AWAY FROM trees, power lines, buildi

walls.

DROP TO KNEES and get into a fetal position, close you

and cross your arms over the back of your neck for pro

REMAIN in position until shaking has stopped.

WHAT SHOULD PEOPLE DO AFTER


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WHAT SHOULD PEOPLE DO AFTERAN EARTHQUAKE?

DO NOT USE cell phones, EXCEPT to report serious injuries.

ASSIST in the building evacuation of people with special needs,

so.

TUNE radios to an emergency broadcast or local radio stations f

updates and instructions.

BE PREPARED to evacuate if instructed to do so. (The decision tfrom campus will be based upon the severity of the earthquake

to buildings).

IF INSTRUCTED to evacuate, see EVACUATION section of this gu

DO NOT ENTER any building that is deemed or looks UNSAFE.


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3. VOLCANOES


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Volcanoes are natural vents that

allow the Earth and other planets

to cool off. With their warm

mantles, heat inside planets

escapes towards their surfaces.

When hot molten rocks, magma,

and pressured gases break

through the crust, an eruption

occurs.



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WHAT CAN PEOPLE DO TO PREPARE VOLCANIC ERUPTION?

1. Be familiar with community warning systems a

emergency plans. Get out of the specified dan

zones. Follow warnings of authorities.

2. Develop a workable emergency communicati



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3. Be ready with disaster supplies; flashlight and

batteries, first aid kit and manual, emergency foo

water, can opener, essential medicines, dust massturdy shoes.



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4. If caught indoors; close all windows, doors and

dampers; put all machinery inside a garaged or b

bring animals and livestock into closed shelters.


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4. LANDSLIDES


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Landslides are large masses

of rock and soil along a slope,

which fall, slide, or flow

rapidly under the force of

gravity. When heavy rains fall,

it may cause landslides.

Water adds extra weight to

soil, which can cause stress

build up in the soil strata.



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WHAT CAN PEOPLE DO TO PREPARE LANDSLIDES?

1. Prior to intense storms, people should become with their vicinity. Slopes where debris flows an

landslides have occurred in the past are likely t

experience again in the future.

2. During intense storms, stay awake and alert. Ma

flows and landslides fatalities occur when peop

sleeping. Listen to radio for warnings of intense



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3. If situated in areas susceptible to landslides a

debris flows, consider leaving when it is safe to d

4. Listen to any unusual sounds that might indicamoving debris, such as trees cracking or boulde

knocking together.



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5. Learn to recognize landslide warning signs, suc

crack plasters, tiles, bricks or foundations.

6. Replant damaged ground as soon as possible. Ecaused by the loss of ground can lead to flash floo


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5. FLOODING


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Flooding is the accumulation

of water to a level that

submerges an area for a

period of time. Flooding in

urban areas is caused by

inefficient drainage systems.

In rural areas, the sudden

rush of water from mountain

areas causes flash floods.



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WHAT CAN PEOPLE DO TO PREPARE FLOODING?

1. Maintain garbage-free drainage canals. This will

freedom in water flow and prevent flooding.

2. Avoid throwing garbage on the streets as this wi

waterways.

3. Have an unpaved or semi-paved area to allow w

into the ground. This will lessen overland flow.



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4. Support legislation prohibiting dumping garbastreet.

5. Participate in reforestation program.

6. Plant trees that will absorb excess water.

7. Be aware of streams, drainage channels and are

known to flood suddenly.



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8. Consider health and safety needs. Wash hands

frequently with soap clean water if in contact w

floodwaters.

9. Throw away food that has come in contact with

floodwaters



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10. Remember that floodwaters can be extremely

dangerous. The best protection during a flood

leave the area and go to higher ground.


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6. TSUNAMI


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A tsunami is generally a wave

train, or a series of waves,

generated in a body of water byan impulsive disturbance that

vertically displaces water and

continues to move in a lateral

direction. Earthquakes, landslides,

volcanic eruptions, and explosionscan generate tsunamis.



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TSUNAMI?

1. Be familiar with the tsunami warning signs. Be

underwater disturbance or an earthquake can

tsunamis, people along the coast should consid

earthquake rumbling as a warning signal. A norapid rise or fall in coastal waters is also a sign

tsunami is approaching.



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TSUNAMI?

2. Find out if ones home is in danger area.

3. Make evacuation plans. Pick an inland location

elevated. After an earthquake or other natural d

roads in and out of the vicinity may be blocked

more than one evacuation route.



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TSUNAMI?

4. Once a tsunami warning is sounded, move to a

ground and stay there until local authorities say

to return home.



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TSUNAMI?

5. Develop an emergency communication plan. In

family members are separated from one anothe

a tsunami, have a plan for getting back togethe


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7. FIRE

HELP PREVENT FIRES


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HELP PREVENT FIRES

Avoid smoking in bed, or when drowsy or medicated.

are highly combustible. It is easier to be burned, and h

individuals will suffer severe burns, when fires start in

Drowsy or medicated people may forget lit materials,

fire.

Provide smokers with deep, sturdy ash trays. Douse ci

cigar butts with water before disposal. Smoking mater

leading cause of residential fire deaths in the United S

Keep matches and lighters up high, away from childre

in a locked cabinet. Children are fascinated by fire and

with matches and lighters if they are not kept out of re

HELP PREVENT FIRES


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HELP PREVENT FIRES

Make sure your home heating source is clean and in working ord

home fires are started by poorly maintained furnaces or stoves, c

rusted furnace parts, or chimneys with creosote buildup.

Use portable heaters in well-ventilated rooms only. Keep blanket

curtains, furniture, and anything that could get hot and catch fire

feet away from all heat sources. Plug heaters directly into the wal

unplug them when they are not in use. Portable heaters use oxygproduce potentially toxic gases. It is best to keep them well-vent

avoid gas build-up.

Use kerosene heaters only if permitted by law in your area. Refue

heaters outdoors only, after they have cooled. Kerosene has a low

mistakenly dripped on hot surfaces, it can cause fires.

HELP PREVENT FIRES


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HELP PREVENT FIRES

Keep the stove area clean and clear of combustibles, such as

clothing, curtains, bags, boxes, and other appliances. Combu

materials near stoves may catch fire quickly when your atten

elsewhere.

Cook with short or restrained sleeves. Loose sleeves can catquickly.

HELP PREVENT FIRES


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Conduct a home hazard hunt. Many things around the home can

hazards. Taking time to look for and eliminate hazards greatly re

risk.Check electrical wiring in your home. Fix frayed extension co

exposed wires, or loose plugs.

Make sure wiring is not under rugs, over nails, or in high traff

Outlets should have cover plates and no exposed wiring.

Avoid overloading outlets or extension cords.

Only purchase appliances and electrical devices that bear thtesting laboratory such as Underwriter's Laboratories (UL), Fa

Mutual (FM), etc.

Store combustible materials in open areas away from heat so

Place rags used to apply household chemicals in metal conta

tight-fitting lids.

WHAT TO DO DURING A FIRE


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Get out as quickly and as safely as possible. The less time you apoisonous gases, the safer you will be.

If a stove fire starts, slide a lid over the burning pan and turn off t

Leave the lid in place until the pan is completely cool. Using a lid

smother the fire is your safest action. Getting the fire extinguishe

soda to extinguish the fire delays action. Flour and other cookingreact explosively to flame and should never be sprinkled over fire

pan can cause serious injury or spread the fire. Never pour wate

fires.



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If you try to use a fire extinguisher on a fire and the fire does not im

die down, drop the extinguisher and get out. Most portable extingu

empty in 8 to 10 seconds. After some residential fires, people have

found dead with fire extinguishers near them or in their arms.

If you are escaping through a closed door, feel the door, cracks, an

doorknob with the back of your hand before opening the door. If it

there is no smoke at the bottom or top, open the door slowly. If yousmoke or fire beyond the door, close it and use your second way o

door is warm, use your second way out. It is a natural tendency to

automatically use the door, but fire may be right outside. Feeling th

warn you of possible danger.



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If you see smoke or fire in your first escape route, use your se

out. The less time you are exposed to poisonous gases or flam

safer you will be.

If you must exit through smoke, crawl low under the smoke to

exit. Fires produce many poisonous gases. Some are heavy a

low to the floor; others will rise carrying soot towards the ceiCrawling with your head at a level of one to two feet above th

will temporarily provide the best air.

Close doors behind you as you escape to delay the spread o



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If smoke, heat, or flames block your exit routes and you cann

outside safely, stay in the room with the door closed. Open th

for ventilation, and hang a sheet outside the window so firefig

find you. Wait by the window for help. The first thing firefighte

when they arrive at a fire is check for trapped persons. Hangi

out lets them know where to find you. If there is a phone in ththe fire department and tell them where you are.

Once you are out, stay out! Firefighters are trained and equip

enter burning buildings. If someone is still inside, direct them

person's probable location.



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Get out first, away from toxic smoke and gases, then call the fire d

from a neighbor's home or from an outside phone. If a portable ph

during your escape, you may take it with you, but do not waste pr

looking for one. Use your neighbor's phone, a car phone, or nearb

to call for help


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