Disaster and ICT Systems in Japan December 2012 Michiko Fukahori Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Japan.

Disaster and ICT Systems in JapanDisaster and ICT Systems in Japan

December 2012Michiko Fukahori

Ministry of Internal Affairs and CommunicationsJapan

ContentsContents

Ⅰ. Disaster countermeasures and Great East Japan disaster Ⅱ. ICT systems which was effective in disaster situationⅡ-1. Disaster Warning SystemⅡ-2. Communications SystemⅡ-3. Information SharingTVMobile TVRadioData BroadcastingInternetⅡ-4. Research and Development - for the future

2

ⅠⅠ. Disaster countermeasures and . Disaster countermeasures and Great East Japan disaster Great East Japan disaster

3

Outline of the Disaster Management System

4

[National Level]Prime Minster|Central Disaster Management Council|Designated Government OrganizationsDesignated Public Corporations

[Prefectural Level]Governor|Prefectural Disaster Management CouncilDesignated Local Government OrganizationsDesignated Local Public Corporations

[Municipal Level]Mayors of Cities, Towns and Villages|Municipal Disaster Management Council

[Residents level]

Designated Government Organizations24 ministries and agencies

Designated Public Corporations56 organizations including independent administrative agencies, Bank of Japan and gas companies and NTT

Source: Cabinet Office, Disaster Management in Japan, p.8

Formulation and promoting implementation of the Basic Disaster Management Plans

Formulation and promoting implementation of Local Disaster Management Plans

Formulation and promoting implementation of Local Disaster Management Plans

Formulation and promoting implementation of the Basic Disaster Operation Plans

Organization of National Government

5Source: Cabinet Office, Disaster Management in Japan, p.9

Central Disaster Management Council PresidentPrime Minister

Ministers Chief Cabinet Secretary Minister of State for Disaster Management

Cabinet Secretariat in charge of security and

risk management

Disaster management, Cabinet Office

Interact with each other

Ministries related to disaster management

Structure of Basic Disaster Management Plan

6Source: Cabinet Office, Disaster Management in Japan, p.11

Natural Disasters

Earthquake Disaster Countermeasures

Earthquake Disaster Countermeasures

Storm and Flood Countermeasures

Storm and Flood Countermeasures

Volcano Disaster Countermeasures

Volcano Disaster Countermeasures

Snow Disaster Countermeasures

Snow Disaster Countermeasures

Accident Disaster

Maritime Disaster Countermeasures

Maritime Disaster Countermeasures

Aviation Disaster Countermeasures

Aviation Disaster Countermeasures

Railroad Disaster Countermeasures

Railroad Disaster Countermeasures

Road Disaster Countermeasures

Road Disaster Countermeasures

Nuclear Disaster Countermeasures

Nuclear Disaster Countermeasures

Hazardous Materials Disaster Countermeasures

Hazardous Materials Disaster Countermeasures

Forest Fire Disaster Countermeasures

Forest Fire Disaster CountermeasuresLarge-scale Fire

Disaster Countermeasures

Large-scale FireDisaster Countermeasures

(Addressing all the disaster phases)

(Tangible countermeasures to be taken by each stakeholder)

National Government Local Governments Residents

Disaster Prevention and Preparedness

Disaster Emergency Response

Disaster Recovery and Rehabilitation

The number of victims (deaths and missing) of disasters

7Source: Cabinet Office, Disaster Management in Japan, p.2

Storm and FloodsSnowfallEarthquake, Volcano and Tsunami

Earthquake in the vicinity of Japan

8Source: Cabinet Office, Disaster Management in Japan, p.24

①②

③

④

⑤

⑥

⑦

⑧⑨

⑩

⑪⑫

⑬

⑭

⑮

⑯

⑰ ⑱

⑲⑳

㉑

Legend○: Earthquakes with seismic intensity of 6 or greater～ : Active faults

Date Earthquakes or Hypocenters

① 1982.3.21 Uraga-oki Earthquake

② 1993.1.15 Kushiro-oki Earthquake

③ 1994.10.4 Hkkaido-Toho-oki Earthquake

④ 1994.12.28 Sanriku-Haruka-oki Earthquake

⑤ 1995.1.17 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake

⑥ 1997.5.13 Satsuma region in Kagoshima Prefecture

⑦ 1998.9.3 Northern region in Iwate Prefecture

⑧ 2000.7.1 Niijima and Kozushima Earthquake

⑨ 2000.10.6 Western Tottori Earthquake

⑩ 2001.3.24 Geiyo Earthquake

⑪ 2003.5.26 Miyagi-ken-oki Earthquake

⑫ 2003.7.26 Northern Miyagi Earthquake

⑬ 2003.9.26 Tokachi-oki Earthquake

⑭ 2004.10.23 Niigata-ken-Chuetsu Earthquake

⑮ 2005.3.20 Fukuoka-ken-Seihou-oki Earthquake

⑯ 2005.8.16 Miyagi-ken-oki Earthquake

⑰ 2007.3.25 Noto-hanto Earthquake, 2007

⑱ 2007.7.16 Niigata-Chuetsu-oki Earthquake, 2007

⑲ 2008.6.14 Iwate-Miyagi Inland Earthquake, 2008

⑳ 2008.7.14 Northern coastal area of Iwate Prefecture

㉑ 2009.8.11 Suruga Bay

9

The Great East Japan Earthquake & Tsunami

JMA Seismic Intensity

Sendai

Tokyo

Miyako (Iwate)Run-up height:38m*

Otsuchi (Iwate)Run-up height:17m*

Kesennuma (Miyagi)Run-up height: 20m*

Epicenter

Fukushima nuclear power station

* The 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Joint Survey Group (http://www.coastal.jp/)

- Date and Time: 11 March 2011 (FRI) 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC)- Magnitude: 9.0 (the largest magnitude recorded in Japan’s history)- Epicenter: N38.1, E142.9 (130km ESE off Oshika Peninsula) Depth 24km 　

(Japan Meteorological Agency)

The 3.11 Disaster

10

Miyako City,Iwate Prefecture

11

Summary of Damages

Great East Japan Earthquake (2011.3.11)

Great Hanshin Earthquake (1995.1.17)

Magnitude 9.0 7.3

Dead 15,835 6,434

Missing 3,669 3

DamagedHouses 903,220 639,686

Damaged Fishing Boats > 22,000 40

Damaged Fishing Ports > 300 17

DamagedFarmland 23,600ha 214ha

*1 As of November 7, 2011 (source: National Police Agency)

*2 As of November 24, 2011 (source: MAFF)

Damage to Fixed Lines, Mobile Base Stations

12

[Unit:10,000 Lines]

15000

～～

■ In total, around 1.9 million communication lines were damaged.

■ In total, about 29,000 base stations were damaged.

Max. no. of damaged base stations

Max. no. of damaged lines

Fixed-line CommunicationsFixed-line Communications Mobile CommunicationsMobile Communications

fixed-line phones

fixed-line phones

fixed-line phonesFTTH FTTH

＋ ADSL[base

stations]

Emergence of Network Congestion

13

■ Carriers restricted voice traffic by as much as 70 to 95 percent.*

■ Packet traffic, however, was either not restricted or restricted at a lower rate (0 to 30 percent) than voice traffic.

■ Carriers restricted phone traffic by as much as 80 to 90 percent.*

Max. outgoing traffic restrictionsMax. outgoing traffic restrictions

eMobile was not subject to restrictions.* There was 4 to 9 times the normal volume of traffic (NTT East.) * There was 50 to 60 times the normal volume of traffic (DoCoMo).

Fixed-line CommunicationsFixed-line Communications Mobile CommunicationsMobile Communications

voice packet voice packet voice packet

Locations of Damage to Mobile Networks

14

Area A

Area B

RNC

Base stations collapsed or backup

batteries ran out

Cables cut off or duct destroyed

Backup generators ran out of fuel

because of long power outages

Basestation

Communication cable

Transmission line relay station

Trunkexchange

NTT central office(housing building)

NTT central office, customer building, etc.

(relay building)

Revision to Technical Standards on Measures for Countering Congestion and for Ensuring Important Communications

●Network design capacity and communications quality reporting, etc.• Reporting to MIC of basic policy for network capacity and measures for usage restrictions and preferential treatment of important communications.

• Regular actual measurement and reporting to MIC of communications quality (connection quality, etc.).• Disclosure in appropriate form of information helpful to users on basic policy for network capacity and on measures for usage restrictions.

●Analysis of communications status during usage restrictions• Preservation and analysis of data on status of important communications and general communications during usage restrictions in the event of disaster, and continuing review of network design capacity and implementation rules for usage restrictions etc. and reporting thereof to MIC.

●Disclosure of congestion status• Immediate disclosure of status of congestion and usage restriction in the event congestion occurs. • Announcements and appeals to avoid making inessential and non-urgent calls and to keep call time as short as possible, and to use communication methods other than voice calls, including emergency message services.

Extending the list of target institutions for emergency priority calls Careful consideration based on a review of network design capacity

Introducing call length limits

Introducing phone calls with reduced sound quality

Issue for future study

Issue for future study 15

Thanks for assistance from all over the world

Offers from 163 countries and regions, and 43 international organizationsCondolences expressed by more than 180 countries and regions,

and more than 60 international organizations

Offers from 163 countries and regions, and 43 international organizationsCondolences expressed by more than 180 countries and regions,

and more than 60 international organizationsAs of October 17,2011, survey by Ministry of Foreign Affairs Japan

As of October 17,2011, survey by Ministry of Foreign Affairs Japan

ⅡⅡ. ICT systems. ICT systemswhich was effective in disaster situation

17

Ⅱ-1. Disaster Warning System

Ⅱ-2. Communications System

Ⅱ-3. Information Sharing

Ⅱ-4. Research and Development　　　　　　　　　　　 - for the future

Ⅱ-1. Disaster Warning Systems

18

Earthquake Early Warning System

19

Disaster management Organizations

Immediate action against disastersEnsure Safety of residentsImmediate action against disastersEnsure Safety of residents

Ensure evacuation and safety Ensure evacuation and safety

Public Institutions(hospitals, schools, etc. )

Residents

Transportation, elevators, etc.

Fire prevention, evacuation Fire prevention, evacuation

Emergency stop for safety Emergency stop for safety

Protection of workers and facilities against disastersBackup of important data

Protection of workers and facilities against disastersBackup of important data

Companies/Factories

Use to reduce damage Use to reduce damage

DisseminationDissemination

Earthquake Early WarningEarthquake Early Warning

Japan Meteorological Agency

Source: Cabinet Office, Disaster Management in Japan, p.13

P-wave

Main-wave

S-wave

Early Warning Systems

20

Japan Meteorological Agency

National GovernmentMinistries and Agencies Related to Disaster Management

TV & Radio

Early Evacuation

Warnings

Evacuation orders

Indoor receivers

Public-relations vehicles(Official Vehicles)

Loud SpeakerOn-street Installation type

Loud SpeakerRoof-top Installation type

Local Governments

Source: Cabinet Office, Disaster Management in Japan, p.14

21

Information flow on Earthquake and Tsunami

Seismic data Gathering System

4,200 sites around Japan.

EPOS(Earthquake Phenomena Observation

System)

Japan Meteorological

Agency

22

Monitoring earthquake activities

Seismic data Gathering System

4200 sites around Japan.The earthquake monitoring system collates seismic data coming from seismographs installed in 4200 locations throughout Japan.

23

Gathering and analyzing information on earthquake and tsunami

EPOS（ Earthquake Phenomena Observation System）

・ Analyzes the seismic data for Earthquake and Tsunami. ・ Announces Earthquake Warning alarm starting right after from detection of the earthquake.

24

Administrative Organ

Telecom Carriers

Media

Japan Coast Guard

Lifeline carriers

Transportation facilities

WEB

Ministry for Land, infrastructure,

Transport and Tourism (MLIT)

Fire and Disaster Management Agency

CITIZEN

Delivering Information on Earthquake and Tsunami

Local Government

EPOS(Earthquake Phenomena

Observation System)

Japan Meteorological

Agency

Earthquake or tsunami warnings are instantly delivered to central & local governments, broadcasters, telecom carriers. After receiving this warning, local government deliver alarm through their sirens or microphones.

25- No monthly fee or telecommunication fee is charged

Detection of earthquake

Disaster/ Evacuation informationFrom state/ local governments

Mail Center

Earthquake Early Warning

Japan Meteorological Agency

Process messagedelivery

Early Warning to Mobile Phones

Broadcasting Station

JapanMeteorologicalAgency (JMA)

EEW

EWBS

Alert information in Program only

Alert information with “Switch-on” signal of receivers

Automatic activation !!Automatic activation !!

Early Warning through Broadcasting System

EEW: Earthquake Early Warning

EWBS: Emergency Warning Broadcasting System

One-seg Mobile TV Saved Many Lives during the 3.11 Disaster A huge earthquake struck on March 11 in the north-east area of Japan. Right after the end of the violent shakes caused by the earthquake, Mr. Takahashi, Senior Managing Director of TOYO KNIFE, an industrial cutlery company located in Miyagino district, Sendai City, immediately turned on the one-seg TV function on his mobile phone in his office, to which the power supply was cut off. He got an emergency warning alarm for a tsunami on his one-seg TV (mobile phone). Regrettably his office was located very near the port (about 500m from Sendai-Shiogama Port), so he and other staff did not have much time to evacuate, but 100 people managed to rush to a shelter on a hill. By the time they arrived at the shelter (Tagajyo Public Cultural Center) at 3:30 pm, the TOYO KNIFE office and factory had been completely destroyed by the long-lasting, huge tsunami. Mr. Takahashi said “ We couldn’t watch TV because of the power cut, but we could get information on the disaster quickly from our one-seg TVs.”

Note: the one-seg TV function on a mobile phone is powered by the phone’s battery

Miyagino district, Sendai City (after the huge tsunami waves)(Summary from Sankei Shimbun (major Japanese national newspaper), June 24, 2011)

TOYO KNIFE

２５０ｍ

Sendai-Shiogama Port

Mobile television – Example 1 -

28

Mobile television – Example 2 -

Two policemen saved 40 lives from the train with the tsunami warning alarm from mobile TV(one-seg) right after the earthquake occurred at 14:46 on March 11, 2011.They got a tsunami warning alarm from the passengers mobile phone with TV when checking if everyone is fine in the train. They quickly decided to lead the 40 passengers to the hill to avoid the disaster of tsunami. All passengers were safely evacuated from the tsunami area before the tsunami struck the train.

The cars of train derailed off the track by huge tsunami waves. (March 12, 2011)

Derailed cars of train

Shinchi Station

The hill

Route for evacuation

Shinchi Station

Passengers got on the truck here

(Summary from Yomiuri Shimbun(Japanese major national news paper), March 29, 2011)

Track of Japan railway

Town hall of Shinchi

Pacific Ocean

29

Emergency system for high-speed train

Measuring equipment of

earthquake on railroad

Measuring equipment of

earthquake around coast

EARTHQUAKE

Measuring

Equipment

of earthquake

P-wave

Main-wave

S-wave

STOP!!

control centercontrol center

Ⅱ-2. Communications Systems

30

Central Disaster ManagementRadio Communications System

31

官邸( 災害対策本部 )

ヘリテレ

On-site Disaster Management Headquarters

Designated Local Public Corporations

Prefectures

Ariake no Oka Core Wide-area Disaster Prevention

Base

Government designated

Cabinet Office(Disaster Management)

Tokyo Metropolitan

Area

Prime Minister’s Office

Designated Public Corporation

Tachikawa Reserve Facility of the Government

Headquarters for Disaster Management

Communication Network for Disaster Management

Organizations Located Tachikawa Wide-area

Disaster Management BaseCommunications Network for Disaster Management Organizations in Central Tokyo

Communications Network for Local Disaster Management Organizations

Real time pictures on the spot

A Communications Satellite

Mobile equipment

Transmission of pictures from helicopters

Source: Cabinet Office

Ⅱ-3. Information Sharing

32

TV Mobile TV Radio Data Broadcasting Internet

Media used at the time of earthquake

33

Immediately after the earthquake, the usefulness of mobile phones, mobile phone messages and terrestrial broadcasts received higher evaluation and at the end of April, the evaluation of the usefulness of mobile phones, mobile phone messages and terrestrial broadcasts exceeded that of radios.

During the period from the occurrence of the earthquake until the end of April, the websites and search sites of administrative agencies and news media received higher evaluation

At the time of occurrence of the quake, AM radios received the highest evaluation (60.1%) followed by FM radios.

At the time of occurrence of the earthquake

Immediately after the quake

Until the end of April

Immediately after the earthquake, radios were the only means to obtain information. However, radios were insufficient to grasp the actual state of damage in the area and it took a long time to know of the enormous damage caused by tsunami. We were unable to know who was doing what and felt highly anxiousness.

Pay p

hone

s

Fixed

line t

eleph

ones

Mob

ile p

hone

sIn

tern

et p

hone

s

Mob

ile p

hone

mes

sage

sIn

tern

et Em

ails

Terre

stria

l bro

adca

stsBS

bro

adca

sting

CS b

road

casti

ngCa

ble

TV

One se

gmen

t bro

adca

sting

AM

radi

osFM

radi

os

Tem

pora

ry ra

dio

broa

dcas

ting

statio

nsIn

tern

et ra

dios

Adm

inist

rativ

e ag

encie

s’ web

sites

News m

edia’

s web

sites

Sear

ch si

tes

SNS

Twitt

er

Vide

o sh

arin

g web

sites

Inte

rnet

bro

adca

sting

Loca

tion

base

d se

rvice

sOth

er w

ebsit

esDi

saste

r rad

io

Disa

ster

emer

genc

y mes

sage

boa

rd an

d di

al-up

pro

vided

by

telep

hone

ope

rato

rs an

d m

obile

pho

ne o

pera

tors

FAX

Wor

ds o

f mou

th fr

om

neigh

borh

oods

Other

s

Phone calls and Emails Broadcasting Internet Others

TV Relay Station after Disaster

【 Source 】 Information material from MIC

（ Number of station）

Number of relay stations off-the air for TV reached the maximum on 12th March

Number of relay station off the air for TV

Jun. 1M

ay 23M

ay 19M

ay 16M

ay 12M

ay 9M

ay 6M

ay 2Apr. 28Apr. 27Apr. 26Apr. 25Apr. 22Apr. 21Apr. 20Apr. 19Apr. 18Apr. 15Apr. 14Apr. 13Apr. 12Apr. 11Apr. 10Apr. 7Apr. 6Apr. 5M

ar. 30M

ar. 29M

ar. 28M

ar. 25M

ar. 24M

ar. 23M

ar. 22M

ar. 21M

ar. 20M

ar. 19M

ar. 18M

ar. 17M

ar. 16M

ar. 15M

ar. 14M

ar. 13M

ar. 12M

ar. 11

TV stations suffered significant damages and 120 stations in eleven prefectures were out of service. As there was no power supply in the large part of the disaster areas, both transmitters and receivers were not usable.

35

Image: People could see TV through the mobile phone even in the blackout in the afflicted area

Mobile TV in the Evacuation Center

(Summary from Sankei Shimbun (major Japanese national newspaper), June 24, 2011)

Many people watched mobile TV in the evacuation center. As power was disrupted, mobile TV was very important information source for the people in the disaster area.

36

Local Disaster FM stations

The Studio of “Natori Saigai(disaster) FM” established at Natori City office building, Miyagi prefecture

Radio also played a very important role in the disaster area, as many radio receivers work with batteries and people can receive information even during a power outage. MIC also provided 10,000 radios to the disaster areas free of charge. Temporary radio stations have been set up which have been actively providing information needed at local level. Many volunteers and local government officials contributed to the operation of such local radio stations.

3737

Temporary Disaster Designated Broadcasting Stations for Devastated Area

国土地理院承認　平 14 総複第 149号

IwateIwate 26 stations are established.

●

●

●

●

●●

J●

●

●

●●

●●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

MiyagiMiyagi

FukushimaFukushima

Newly established by communitiesBased on the community FMEstablished by broadcasters

●

●

●

MIC has quickly granted broadcasting licenses to local disaster FM stations, which account for 21 in the disaster area.

37

Digital Signage system at Normal Time

出典 :デジタルサイネージ総研

Source: Digital signage Now

■Scenes at each monitor in Tokyo on 11 March 2011

Digital Signage systems at the time of disaster

A: At a monitor set on 1st Floor at Marunouchi Building (Photographed around at 22:00)

B: At a monitor set in Central Entrance on 1st Floor of Otemachi Building (Photographed around at 16:00)

C: At a monitor set in Elevator Hall on B1 Floor of Shin-Marunouchi Building (Photographed around at 22:00)

D: At a monitor set on B1 Floor of Marunouchi Building (Photographed around at 22:00)

(Source: MITSUBISHI ESTATE CO.,LTD.)

Digital signage network is effective tool for information provision at the time of disaster. After the earthquake, all the train services stopped and there was terrible traffic jam in Tokyo. About 5 million people were not able to go home. Digital signage system was used as media to provide information.

39

– Person Finder provides a registry and message board for survivors, family, and relatives affected by a natural disaster to post and search for information about each other's status.

(Source: Google)

The Internet as a Lifeline - Person Finder (Google)

40

The Internet as a Lifeline - Posted Photos of Evacuee Lists

Traffic Information in Disaster Area

(Source: website of ITS Japan)

22 March

Road with traffic record : Blue No-traffic record : Gray Vehicle congestion : Red

6 May

Some car navigation system gathers driving information from navigation unit and the system consolidate information and send traffic information to users. On March 14, Honda released this driving information gathered through their navigation system on the website. This information became instantly available through Twitter and Facebook. Many people thanked that “We could deliver relief supplies”, or “We could reach family and relatives” by using this system.

Ⅱ-4. Research and Development

43

- for the future

R&D into Strengthening the Disaster Tolerance (3rd FY 2011 Supplementary Budget)

This project establishes communication technologies for maintaining the use of voice calling during disasters, when voice communication increases dramatically as users make safety confirmation calls. The technologies make intensive use of non-voice communication-processing capabilities and of communications equipment located outside the affected regions.

Forming a world-leading research center

Research and development, testing/verification/evaluation

Mobile-telephone network

Internet connection

Data line

System having improved flexibility

Communications processing capabilities for different services flexibly shared out in the event of disaster

Fostering innovation, strengthening collaboration between industry, academia, and government, and promoting standardization and developing results

through joint research with universities in the affected regions

(1) Research and development of (1) Research and development of technologies for reducing the incidence of technologies for reducing the incidence of

mobile-telephony congestion during disastersmobile-telephony congestion during disasters

(2) (2) Research and development of Research and development of technologies for autonomous recovery of technologies for autonomous recovery of

disaster-damaged infrastructuredisaster-damaged infrastructure

Japan’s National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) has provided Tohoku University with test bed facilities for testing, verification, and evaluation supported by the NICT facilities-improvement fund.

Provided are communications network testing equipment introducing the world’s most advanced optical transmission technology, used in testing technologies for reducing network congestion; field-portable radio network equipment, used in testing autonomous recovery technologies; and field-portable satellite earth station equipment.

(3) Provision of research center(3) Provision of research center at Tohoku University, etc.at Tohoku University, etc.

●● Achieving information and communications networks that are robust in disasters

●● Reviving local economic activity in affected regions

This project establishes radio communications technologies for ensuring autonomous access by local authorities and public facilities to the Internet and other communications even if the regular communications infrastructure has been damaged by disaster.

Data transmission

Transmitting images of coastal waters

Emergency voice calling

Wireline network

important

Information on well-being

44

R&D on Dynamic Control of Mobile Communication Networks at the Time of a Major Disaster

45

…

Voicecalls

Email, internet

…

Music Movies Files

Voice calls Email, internet (emergency

message boards)

…Music Movies Files

Basic communication services Rich media etc. Basic communication services Rich media etc.

Next-generation congestion-proof systemNext-generation congestion-proof system

No possibility to reconfigure or redirect processing resourcesNo possibility to reconfigure or redirect processing resources Dynamic allocation of processing resourcesDynamic allocation of processing resources

Voicecalls Music Movies Files

Email, internet

Voice calls Email, internet (emergency message boards)

Other

Normaluse

Emergencyuse

- Flexible reconfiguration of communication processing resources

- Maximum possible resources can be directed to basic communication services during a disaster.

R&D on Inter-Cloud Technology for Wide-area Disaster Responses

46

- Sharing resources among multiple cloud systems by optimal communication route after a large-scale disaster

- Transfer whole processing functions from one cloud to another within 30 minutes

Technology for instant switching based on validation using JGN-X

Boost disaster response capacity by Inter- clouds dispersed around remote regions

Cloud data center B

Cloud data center C

Inter-Cloud test bedInter-Cloud test bedInter-Cloud Inter-Cloud

Available to local businesses in the

Tohoku region

Cloud data center A

Advantages of the Inter-cloud approach- Individual operators can keep investment costs to a minimum.- Small and medium-sized operators will not be forced out of business.

Cloud 2 Cloud 3

Cloud 1

Overload4 facilities

Normal load3 facilities

2 stand-by facilities

1 stand-by facility

Use stand-by facilities of

other carriers

1 stand-by facility

ITU-T FG-DR&NRR Tokyo, Japan: “Technical Tour of SENDAI CITY”R&D Projects for Resilient Information and Communication Networks in Japan

MIC and NICT of Japan are promoting R&D projects for realizing a resilient information and communication network. Please come up to Sendai and check them out on a technical tour on 8th February, 2013.

Contact; Mr. Yasuo SHINOZAWA Deputy Director Technology Policy Division Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication E-mail: [email protected]

Project examples:

High priorityservice

Rich mediacommunications

Voice Mail Music Video File

By design

In a disaster

Resource reallocation by dynamic control

R&D for relieving service congestion in the mobile network caused by disaster

Under a disaster, a vast amount of voice calls are made in mobile carrier networks and an unprecedented level of traffic (congestion) is generated.

New network technology applicable to current and next generation networks to relieve service congestion in the network will be explained.

R&D on the reconfigurable communication “resource unit” for disaster recovery

A “Resource Unit” which can meet the wide variety of communication demands under a disaster will be explained.

The “Resource Unit” can be transported by means such as a high-mobility vehicle, can be connected to surviving communication networks, and can reconfigure the damaged networks immediately.

Developments of next generation VSATs effective for severe disasters

Even in the event of a destroyed ground communication infrastructure by disaster, easy and prompt establishment of satellite communications networks secures alternative communication paths.

New multimode VSATs that can connect to heterogeneous satellite systems using easy procedures in a disaster will be explained.

Thank you for your attention!