Directions: Turn in the English Civil War and Revolution multiple-choice sheet and Cromwell Film sheet Review: Why did the English Civil War come about? Who was Oliver Cromwell? How did England change as a result of the English Civil War
Dec 31, 2015
Directions:Turn in the English Civil War and Revolution multiple-choice sheet and Cromwell Film sheet
Review:Why did the English Civil War come
about?Who was Oliver Cromwell?How did England change as a result of
the English Civil War and Glorious Revolution?
Background
13 Colonies are part of British Empire (150 yrs)
Colonists see themselves as part of their colony rather than England
England views them as very valuable
1. TaxesEngland taxed the colonies but the colonies had no say on the matter (no representative in Parliament)
Taxed stamps, tea, imports
2. Trade RestrictionsEngland controlled trade to and from the colonies Only sell valuable goods to England
Taxed goods going to and from other countries
3. Restriction of RightsColonists were forced to provide quarter (housing) for British troops
Could not vote or influence England’s ParliamentHowever, had to follow Parliament’s laws
England overturned some of the laws in the colonies
Three Categories of Colonists
Each group represents 1/3 of the American Colonists
1. Patriot – you support independence and are against British rule and their laws
2. Loyalist – you support the British, you see the colonists as British, and you favor remaining with them
3. Neutral – you are either too busy to pick a side, you are waiting to see what happens next, or you don’t care
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pwvvv0EcWIE
Directions
Work silently on the “Patriot, Loyalist, or Neutral” sheet
Raise your hand if you have questions
EQ: What actions did the colonists take to oppose the British and eventually gain their independence?
Boston Massacre (1770)
Colonists protest British soldiers being in the city of Boston
Huge crowd gathers and starts throwing things at a small group of British soldiersMass confusion
British open fire 5 colonists are killed
Boston Tea Party (1773)
To protest the British tax on tea, colonists dressed up as Native Americans and threw British tea in the harbor90,000 lbs of tea
Economic Boycott (1774)A boycott is where you refuse to purchase goods
The Colonists boycott British goods like sugar
Creation of the Continental Congress (1774)
The Continental Congress was a convention of delegates (representatives) from the 13 colonies
Eventually it would become the government of the U.S.
Sends a petition to King George III with their list of grievancesParliament and the King ignore it
Declaration of Independence (1776)
Continental Congress votes to break away from England and form own countryDeclaration on July 4, 1776
Goal: form a democratic govt based on the ideas of the Enlightenment (freedom, rights, liberty)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrvpZxMfKaU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VIpACJRnZZE
Declaration of Independence (text)
“When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.
And for the support of this Declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.
AdvantagesFighting on own
ground – defensive British have to
fight far from home
George Washington – steady leadership
Get support from FranceTroops and
supplies
Fighting the most powerful empire in the world
No real military – must create one
No navyStates do not
always work together
American Colonies at WarDisadvantages
Creation of Continental ArmyGeorge Washington of Virginia is given command of American forces
He loses more battles than he wins but keeps the army together which was his winning strategy
Military Strategyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQYkIlSx0yghttp://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wpC8w0_k34
America will use a regular army but also rely onMilitia – use guerilla warfare (hit and
run tactics)Minute Men – ready at a minutes
notice, most were farmers and townspeople who had rifles
Why? - Cannot beat British in normal warfare
France will use its navy against the British
Overall OutcomeWar from 1775-1783, US is victorious
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y6ikO6LMxF4
Independence and creation of the United States as a Republic http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JgCQDZdlMdc
Creation of the U.S. Constitution (1788)