14 th UNESCO-APEID International Conference Education for Human Resource Development Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth 22 Oct. 2010, Bangkok, Thailand Prof. Dr. Dae-Bong Kwon President of KRIVET (Korea Research Institute for Vocational Educating & Training) Korea Research Institute for Vocational Educating & Training
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14th UNESCO-APEID International Conference
Education for Human Resource Development
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
22 Oct. 2010, Bangkok, Thailand
Prof. Dr. Dae-Bong Kwon
President of KRIVET(Korea Research Institute for Vocational Educating & Training)
Korea Research Institute for
Vocational Educating & Training
Contents
I. What does Green Growth mean to us?
II. Green Economy & Sustainable Development
III. Human Resources for Green Growth
1. Green Jobs
2. HRD for Green Growth Era
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
1. Establishment of infrastructure for green job creation
2. TVET for green jobs in Korea
3. Directions of TVET for Green Growth
I. What does Green Growth
mean to us?
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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Vocational Educating & Training
Green growth
Green growth is gaining support as a way to pursue
economic growth and development, while preventing
environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and
unsustainable natural resource use. (OECD, 2010)
Quantitative
Growth
Qualitative
Growth
I. What does Green Growth mean to us?
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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Transition to a low-carbon economy as a response to
global climate change.
Promoting
economic growth
and development
Reducing pollution
and greenhouse gas
emissions
Maintaining bio-
diversityMinimizing waste and
inefficient use of
natural resources
I. What does Green Growth mean to us?
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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Green Economy
- An economy that results in improved human well-being
and reduced inequalities over the long term. (UNEP, 2010)
- An economy or economic development model based on
sustainable development
I. What does Green Growth mean to us?
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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Sustainable Development
- Development that meets the needs of the present,
maintaining the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs. (UN ‘Brundtland Report’, 1987)
- Environment, Economy, Societal equity
II. Green Economy &
Sustainable Development
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The recent global financial and economic crisis has
raised questions about the validity of the prevailing
economic paradigm
“Green Economy, as an alternative future out of the
crisis” (UNESCO, 2010)
“The shift towards a green economy requires education
for sustainable development” (UN, 2009)
II. Green Economy & Sustainable Development
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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<11 sectors of the Green Economy>
AgricultureAgriculture is the largest contributor to GDP in many developing
countries and employs an estimated 1.3 billion workers globally.
BuildingsBuildings are responsible for over 40% of the world’s total
primary energy consumption.
Cities Cities are where more than half of today’s world population lives.
EnergyEnergy renewables supply nearly 15% of the world’s primary
energy demand, a share that needs to double by 2050 in a
Green Economy scenario.
FisheriesFisheries currently deliver annual profits to fishing enterprises
worldwide of about $8 billion, and support 170 million jobs and
$35 billion in fishing household income a year.
ForestsForests are being cleared or degraded at a rapid rate because of
overharvesting and pressure from other land uses.
II. Green Economy & Sustainable Development
Source: UNEP(2008). “Green Economy Report: A Preview”
Manufac-
turing
Manufacturing consumes one-third of the global energy supply,
emits a quarter of the total world greenhouse gas emissions.
TourismTourism focuses on how investments in sustainable tourism
solutions can contribute to the sustainable development.
TransportTransport costs, which can add up to nearly or over 10% of a
country’s GDP, are likely to grow further under the current trends
of ever-increasing motorization.
WasteSolid waste services consume up to 2% of GDP in developing
countries and up to 50% of cities’ administrative budgets.
WaterWater scarcity is becoming a global phenomenon that will
challenge the future of nations.
Source: UNEP(2008). “Green Economy Report: A Preview”
II. Green Economy & Sustainable Development
III. Human Resources
for Green Growth
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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1. Green Jobs
2. HRD for Green Growth Era
Green Jobs are defined as positions in agriculture,
manufacturing, R&D, administrative and service activities
aimed at alleviating the myriad environmental threats
faced by humanity. (UNEP / ILO / ITUC, 2008)
1. Green Jobs
III. Human Resources for Green Growth
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Green employment is not limited to
high-end skills.
In both developing and industrialized countries there is increasing need of "green collar training" in a broad range of occupations.
It is important to ensure that green industries and workplaces do not face a shortage of adequately trained workers.
III. Human Resources for Green Growth
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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★ Two Main Purposes of HRD in Green Growth
Understanding the concept of green growth both at the individual and community levels- Semantic training from the beginning of school education
- Cultivating of green minded human resources
- Values of green products buying and consuming
Developing human resources as green industrial experts
- To make available of human resources pool in green industries
III. Human Resources for Green Growth
2. HRD for Green Growth Era
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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★ Five strategic actions of HRD for
green industries
Establishment of the master plan
Projection and analysis of the green market
Analysis of green job trend in green economy
Development of education and training programs
Development of qualification and evaluation system for
green industry experts
III. Human Resources for Green Growth
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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IV. Policy Implications of TVET
for Green Growth
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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1. Establishment of infrastructure for green jobs
2. TVET for green jobs in Korea
3. Directions of TVET for Green Growth
◊ The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) has estimated that US$ 200-210 billion
will go annually by 2030.
◊ The World Bank has estimated annual costs in developing
countries will be between $9 and $41 billion.
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
One of the most important drivers of green jobs is the substantial increase in investment.
(UNEP 2008)
1. Establishment of infrastructure for green jobs
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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★ Investment
While private companies have an important role to play in
terms of green job creation, their risk and profit appraisal does
not necessarily match response to the climate change.
A range of barriers to a breakthrough in climate change
mitigation can be removed through government action.
Public policies on regulation, energy subsidies and
information have a central role to play. (UNDP, 2008)
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
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★ Role of the Government
Plan to establish ecological town with eco-friendly
residence, buildings, landscaping can create green jobs in
the fields of design, installation, and repairing engineering.
Plan for environment-friendly tourism can bring up job
creation in the fields of green lodging industry, local special
production, and tour guide.
Incentives from government for purchasing green
products can promote the enlargement of investment into
the green products creating of green jobs.
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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★ KOREAN CASE
Policy plans to create green jobs by Korean Government (Green Growth Committee, 2009)
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
To promote the linkage between green growth
and green job creation
To develop the green labor market information system
To improve the work environment in green jobs
To support the employment in green industries
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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Transition from traditional industries to green industries
Human resources reflecting the needs of local green
industries
VET centers and programs for green jobs
Development of the Korea National Qualification System
for green jobs
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
2. TVET for green jobs in Korea
★ Policy plans to expand TVET for green jobs
by Korean Government (Green Growth Committee, 2009)
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Important role of TVET
To provide specialized training for the highly qualified
employees of green industries
To promote the incremental innovation from traditional
industries to green industries providing motivations,
knowledge and skills
To bring green employment
Increase investment into training and skills
development as well as creating green jobs
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
3. Directions of TVET for Green Growth
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth
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Several needs to accomplish TVET for Green Growth
Promote awareness regarding benefit from green industries
Incorporate green related training component
Develop training programs for managerial staff
Develop training programs for engineers and technicians
IV. Policy Implications of TVET for Green Growth
Direction of Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Green Growth