Direct Dyeing

8/7/2019 Direct Dyeing

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PRAVEEN MAURYA

Contents

DIRECT DYEING (I Class A) .................................................................................................................... 2

DIRECT DYEING(ClassB) ........................................................................................................................ 2

DIRECT DYEING (ClassC) ....................................................................................................................... 2

VAT DYEING (IN Class) ............................... ...................... ................................ ...................... ............... 3

VAT DYEING (IW Class) ................................................................................................................... 3

VAT DYEING (IKClass ............................................................................................................................ 4

SULPHER DYEING: ................................................................................................................................ 4

SOLUBILISED VAT DYE .......................................................................................................................... 5

AZOIC DYEING........................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

BASIC DYEING ........................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

BASIC DYEING ON SILK ......................................................................................................................... 7

LEVELLING ACID DYE ............................................................................................................................ 8

METAL COMPLAX 1:2 ACID DYE............................................................................................................ 8

CHOROME ACID DYE............................................................................................................................ 9

METAL COMPLAX 1:1 ACID DYE........................................................................................................... 9

REACTIVE DYE (COLD BRAND DYE) ....................................................................................................... 9

REACTIVE DYE (HOT BRAND) .............................................................................................................. 10

REACTIVE DYE (ME BRAND................................................................................................................. 10

REACTIVE DYE (HE BRAND)................................................................................................................. 10

REACTIVE DYE( VINYLE SULPHONE BASE) ........................................................................................... 11

DISPERSE DYE CONVENTIONAL METHOD .......................................................................................... 11

DISSPERSE DYEING (CARRIER METHOD) ............................................................................................. 11

DISPERSE DYEING BY HTHP METHOD ................................................................................................. 12

DIRECT DYE USING PAD BATCH .......................................................................................................... 12



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

DIRECT DYEING (I Class A)

1. Prepare the dye bath required amount of dye solution, water.

2. Introduce the sample.

3. Treat for 1 hour for at room temp.

4. Remove, rinse and dry the sample.

DIRECT DYEING (ClassB)

1. Prepare the dye bath required amount of dye solution, water.2. Introduced the sample.

3. Treat for 10 min at room temp

4. Add salt in installment of two between15 min interval.

5. Continue dyeing 45 minutes at room temp.

6. Remove sample, rinse, dry.

DIRECT DYEING (ClassC)

Preparation of dye solution:

1. Take 1 gm of dye paste with minimum water.2. Add pinch of sodium carbonate in it.

3. Make volume 100 by adding water.

Procedure:

1. Add required amount of dye solution in dye bath.

2. Introduced sample in it.

3. Treat for 10 min at room temp.

4. Raise the temp 60°C.

5. Add 1st installment of salt6. Af ter 15 min add 2

ndinstallment of salt.

7. Raise the temp up to boil.

8. Continue dyeing another 30 min.

9. Remove sample wash and dry.



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

V AT DYEING (IN Class)

Preparation of 1% dye solution

1. Weigh accurately 1 gm of dye powder in beaker & paste with 2cc of TRO.

2. Add 30-40 ml of warm water.

3. 3 gm of 72* Tw NAOH & 1.15 gm of NaSO with constant stirring and maintain temp

for 30 min.

4. Af ter completion of vatting make up to volume to 100cc.

DYEING:

1. Prepare the dye bath containing required amount of blank vat solution.

2. Introduce the sample in it.

3. Treat the sample for 10 min.

4. Add dye sol in dye bath and work for 10 min at room temp.

5. Slowly raise temp up to 60°c and continue dyeing another 45 minutes.

6. Ensure that alkaline & reducing condition persist throughout the dyeing procedure add

some drops of blank vat.

7. Remove the sample and squeeze.

8. Take for air oxidation.

9. When colour is developed.

10. Treat the sample soap and soda solution at 100°c for 10 min.

11. Remove, wash and dry.

VAT DYEING (IW Class)

Preparation of 1% dye solution:




for 30 min.


Preparation of blank vat solution

Weigh accurately 10 gm of NAOH and 20 gm of NaSO and dissolve in 1 lit water.

DYEING:

1. Take required amount of blank vat sol. In dye pot and introduce sample in it.

2. Treat sample for 10 min.



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

3. Add dye and work for10 min at room temp.

4. Raise the temp to 40°c-50°c.

5. Continue dyeing 45 min.

6. Add blank vat to maintain reducing condition and m.l.r.

7. R

emov

esam

ple,

squeeze.

8. Take the sample for air oxidation.

9. Af ter complete colour development.

10. Go for soaping

SOAP ING:

1. Prepare bath with 2 gpl soap and soda sol.

2. Treat the sample for 10 min at boil.

V AT DYEING (IKClass)

Preparation of dye sol:




for 30 min.


DYEING

1. Add required amount of blank vat in dye bath.

2. Introduce sample in it.

3. Treat for 10 in at 30 °c

4. Add dye in dye pot.

5. Treat sample for another 1 hours

6. Squeeze the sample.

7. Take sample for air oxidation.

8. Af ter development of colour .carry out soaping

SOAPING

Treat the sample in 2gpl soap and soda sol at boil for 10 min.

1. Wash ,dry

SULPHER DYEING:

Preparation of dye sol.



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

1. Take 5 gm of dye in the beaker add equivalent quantity of NaCO and 8 gm of NaS.

Paste with minimum water.

2. Stir well when dye dissolve .f ilter and make volume 100 ml

DYEING:

1. Prepare dye bath containing required amount of dye solution, 2gpl of sodium carbonate

and 1 gpl sodium sulphide.

2. Enter sample in dye bath.

3. Treat sample for 10 min at room temp.

4. Raise the temp to boil.

5. Add salt in two installments in between 15 min.

6. Continue dyeing another 45 min.

7. Remove sample take for air oxidation.

8.

When complete colour developed .carryout soaping

SOAP ING

1. Treat sample with 2gpl soap +soda sol for 10 min at a temp of 90°c.

2. Finally remove sample wash dry.

SOLUBILISED V AT DYE

DYEING

1. Prepare dye bath containing required amount of dye sol.

2. Add 2gpl NaNo.3. Enter the fabric.

4. Treat for 5 min at room temp.

5. Slowly raise temp 40°c.

6. Continue dyeing at 40°c for 40 min.

7. Remove sample and take for air oxidation or chemical oxidation.

8. In chemical oxidation treat sample with 2 % sulphuric acid in 1 min.

9. Wash the material take for soaping.

SOAP ING

Treat the sample 2gpl soap and soda sol for 10 min at boil .f inally remove, wash, dry.

AZOIC DYEING

Dissolution of napthol:



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

1. Weigh accurately about 3 gm of napthol and transf erred into glass beaker paste with

minimum quantity of TRO and 2-3 ml 72°tw NaOH and then 30-40 ml of hot water

2. boil the solution with continuous stirring to obtain a clear solution

3. Finally make up volume 100ml with required quantity of water.

Dissolution of base

1. Weigh accurately 1gm of base and paste with 2ml of HCL and little amount of water and

add 30-40 ml hot water

2. Boil the solution with continue stirring until clear solution are obtain.

Diazotization of base

1. the above made base solution is cold between o-5°c in an 15-20 ml of water in separate

beaker

2. Add NaNo solution drop wise to the cold base .diazotization is completed when thesolution is clear.

3. Neutralize the excess HCL acid by sodium acetate (0-5°c). Finally bring down pH

Between 4 to 5 by using 40% acetic acid. Finally make the volume 100ml using water.

N aptholation

1. Prepare the dye bath containing 2 gpl napthol sol and 20 gpl of NaCL sol.

2. Enter the given cellulosic sample in this bath .treat for 10 min at room temp.

3. Then raise the temp 40°c and continue treatment another 45 min. remove the material

and squeeze.

C oupling

1. Prepare the dye bath containing 2gpl base 20gpl of sodium chloride required quantity of

water

2. Enter the naptholated sample.

3. Treat for 10 min

4. At a lower temp.

5. Remove the material

6. Wash with water.

S oaping

1. Take 2gpl soap and soda in dye pot

2. Introduce sample in dye pot.

3. Raise temp up to boil.



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4. Treat for 10 min.

5. Remove the sample wash and dry.

BASIC DYEING

Preparation of dye solution

1. Weigh accurately 1 gm of dye powder & pastes with minimum amount of water add

40% of 1cc acetic acid & 30-40 ml of water.

2. Boil the solution with constant stirring so as to complete dissolution.

3. Finally make up volume to 100 cc with required quantity of water.

M ordenting

1. Prepare bath containing 3% tannic acid on weight of material basis and required

quantity of water & enter the sample in the boiling bath.

2. continue for 30 min .then cool and squeeze the sample and take for f ixation

F IX AT I ON OF M AT ERI AL

1. Prepare the bath containing 1.5 % tartarematic on weight material basis & required

quantity of water.

2. Enter the mordented sample.

3. Squeeze and take for dyeing.

DYEING

1. prepare the dye bath containing required quantity of dye sol & water

2. Enter the sample in the bath. treat for 10 min at room temp

3. Raise the temp and continue dyeing for 30 min.

4. squeeze sample dry and wash

BASIC DYEING ON SILK

1. Prepare the bath containing required amount of dye sol.

2. Add 3 % acetic acid on wt of material

3. Treat for 10 min at RT.

4.

Slowly raise the temp at 80°c.5. Continue dyeing about 45 min.

6. Remove sample wash soap with non ionic soap dry and cure it.

MILLING ACID DYE

Preparation of 1% dye solution:



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

1. Weigh accurately 1 gm of dye transf er it into a 100 ml water paste it will minimum

water & dissolve the dye in warm water.

2. Then dilute it in 100cc.

DYEING

1. Prepare the dye bath containing 4% acetic acid & water.

2. Introduce the sample

3. Work for ten min at room temp.

4. Raise the temp at boil.

5. Continue dyeing for 45 min.

6. Remove the sample and wash it.

7. Soap with 2 gpl soap at 80°c for 10 min.

8. Wash and dry the sample.

Note: Some drops of acetic acid add to maintain ph of 3-4.

LEV ELLING ACID DYE

DYEING:

1. Take dye pot.

2. Add required amount of dye & 3 % formic acid (volume basis) and water.

3. Slowly raise temp 32°c for 10 min.

4. Raise temp 80°c for 45 min.

5. Continue dyeing

6. Remove the sample and neutralized with sodium acetate.

7. Soap with 2 gpl soap.

8. Treat for 10 min at 80°c.

9. Wash and dry.

METAL COMPL AX 1:2 ACID DYE

DYEING

1. Prepare the dye bath with required amount of dye solution.

2. Add 5% ammonium sulphate.

3. Introduce the sample work for 10 min at room temp.

4. Raise the temp at boil.

5. Continue dyeing for 40-45 min.

6. Add 40% acid (acetic acid) and continue dyeing for another 15 min

7. Remove the sample

8. Wash and dry



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

9. Soaping is done by using non ionic soap for 10 min at 80°c.

CHOROME ACID DYE

DYEING

1. The dye bath set with X% chrome dye, 2.5 % acetic acid (30%) & 10% glauber salt.2. Goods are work for 10 min at 50°c

3. Further the temp raise to boil in 45 min.

4. Dyeing is continue for 30 min.

5. If necessary add acetic acid to maintain the ph of bath.

6. Af ter complete exhaustion of dye. Carryout chroming treatment.

CH ROM ING T RE AT M EN T

1. Fresh bath containing 0.25 -3 % potassium di chromate at boil for 30-40 min with

sample.2. Followed by soaping & wash & dry.

METAL COMPL AX 1:1 ACID DYE

Chemical Light medium shade Dark shade

98% sulphuric 3-4% 3-4%

Anionic retarding agent 2-3% _

Glauber salt _ 10%

Dye sol X% X%

1. Start dyeing at 30-40°c .

2. Raise the temp to boil for 30 min.3. continue dye at this temp for 90-120 min

4. longer time of dyeing at boil temp damage the wool

5. af ter dyeing remove the goods

6. Neutralized with 6-8% NA acetate in rinsing bath.

7. Wash and dry.

REACTIV E DYE (COLD BRAND DYE)

P RE P AR AT I ON OF STOCK SOL

In weigh accurately dye and paste with minimum water. Dilute 100 ml with water.

DYEING

1. Prepare the dye bath containing required amount of dye sol. And water

2. Introduced the sample in dye bath.

3. Carryout dyeing for 10 min.



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

4. Then add 50gpl of nacl on volume basis in two installments with gap of 10 min .continue

dyeing another 45 min.

5. Add 20 gpl carbonate in two installments of period 10 min.

6. Continue dyeing for another 30 min.

7.

remov

e thesam

ple w

ash it

8. soap sample with 2gpl soap +5gpl soda at 60-70°c for 10 min

9. Wash, dry.

REACTIV E DYE (HOT BRAND)

DYEING

1. Prepare the dye bath containing required amount of dye sol. And water

2. Introduced the sample in dye bath.

3. Carryout dyeing for 10 min.

4. Raise the temp to 60°c.5. Then add 50gpl of nacl on volume basis in two installments with gap of 10 min .continue

dyeing another 45 min.

6. Raise the temp to boil about 85°c and continue dyeing for 30 min.

7. Add 20 gpl carbonate in two installments.

8. Continue dyeing for another 30 min at temp 80°c.

9. remove the sample wash it

10. soap sample with 2gpl soap +5gpl soda at 60-70°c for 10 min

11. Wash, dry.

REACTIV E DYE (ME BRAND)

DYEING

1. Set the dye bath at 40°c and run material for 5 min.

2. Add half quantity dye and run 5 min.

3. Add glauber salt in two installments with an interval of 10-15 min.

4. Add rest half dye.

5. Raise temp up to 60-70 and continue for 30 min.

6. Then add alkali at 60°C and continue f urther for 30 min.

7. Remove sample wash and soap.

8. Af ter soaping remove sample wash and dry.

REACTIV E DYE (HE BRAND)

DYEING

1. Set dye bath at room temp.



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

2. Run good for 10 min.

3. Maintain ph below 7 by adding acetic acid.

4. Add dye and run material 15 min.

5. Raise temp up to 70°c.

6.

Addsal

t in two

installm

ent between 10-15m

in7. Then raise the temp to 80-85 °c

8. Af ter 30 min .add alkali in two installment.

9. Continue dyeing f urther 30-45 min.

10. Remove sample wash

11. Take sample for soaping & wash &dry.

REACTIV E DYE (V INY LE SULPHONE BASE)

1. Set dye bath at 40°c.

2. Add salt and sample in dye bath.

3. Treat for 5 min.

4. Add dye .treat for 20 min.

5. Add alkali in two installments between 15 min.

6. Raise the temp in 30 min at 60°c.

7. Continue dyeing another 30 min at 60°c.


DISPERSE DYE CONV ENTIONAL METHOD

DYEING:

1. Prepare the dye bath containing required amount of water and 1gpl dispersing agent at

50°c.

2. Introduce given scoured polyester sample in dye pot for 10 min at temp 60-70°c.

3. Add dye solution add 40% acetic acid.

4. Raise the temp to boil and continue dyeing for another 60-90 min.

5. Af ter dyeing remove the sample the sample raise and reduction clearing treatment

at50°c for 10 min. by using 2gpl hydro and caustic.

6. Remove the sample and treat with soaping.


DISSPERSE DYEING (CARRIERMETHOD)

1. Prepare the dye bath with 1 % dispersing agent and required amount of water at 50°c

2. Treat the sample for 10 min.

3. Add 0.5% of carrier on weight of fabric treat for 15min at 70°c.

4. Then add disperse dye sol and 1% acetic acid (40%).

5. And heat it slowly to boil.



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

6. Carryout dyeing another 60 min.

7. Af ter dyeing give reduction clearing treatment at 50°c by using hydro and caustic for 10

min.

8. Finally give soaping for 10 min at 70°c.

9. R

emov

e, was

ha

nd dry.

DISPERSE DYEING BY HTHP METHOD

Preparation of dye sol.

1. Take required amount of dye powder and paste with dispersing agent.

2. Heat at 50°c .add make volume 100ml by adding hot water.

DYEING

1. Prepare the dye bath with disperse dye, dispersing agent, acetic acid& water.

2. Raise temp to 80°c & put the given sample in the dye solution and keep it for 10 min at80°c.

3. Transf er the content of dye pot into beaker of beaker dyeing m/c.

4. Raise the temp 130°c for 60 min.

5. Switch off m/c.

6. Allow it to cool.

7. Remove the sample when temp around 80°c.

8. Wash and dry sample.

9. Give reduction clearing treatment.

10. Soap with soaping sol.11. Wash and dry.

DIRECT DYE USING P AD BATCH

P ROC EDURE

1. Material padded in dye solution containing

Glauber salt 15-20 gm per lit

Sodium carbonate 2-3 gm per lit

Dye

Sequestering agent 0.5-1 gm per litWith 60% mangle expression at room temp.

2. Dye batch is overlapped with polythine sheet and keep for 12-20 hours depending on

dye stuff .

3. Finally material is rinsed in cold water and hot wash is employed at 75-80°c.

AF T ER T RE AT M EN T



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DYE F IXING AGEN T

1. Dye f ixing agent used 0.5 %-2% at 70°c temp for 30-40 min.

2. Dye f ixing agent improves washing fastness.

F OR ALDE H YDE T RE AT M EN T

1. 2%-4% formaldehyde (40%) along with 1%-2% acetic acid (30%) at 180°f temp.

2. Wash and dry

C ROM IU M C OM P OUND

1. 2.0-4.0% potassium dichromate kcro.

2. Add acetic acid to maintain the ph at 70-80°C.

3. Treat for 20-30 min.

T RE AT M EN T OF C U SO AND KC R O

1. 2% -4% CUSO & 2%-4% KCRO and 1-2% acetic acid (30 %) at 70°c temp for 15-20 min.

2. Remove, rinse.

REACTIV E DYE USING P AD BATCH (M BRAND)

RE C I P E

i. Dye +wetting agent 2-3 gpl +alkali (soda ash) 5-3gpl.

ii. Dye + wetting agent 2-3 gpl + (soda ash+ silicate) 4:1 (5-30 gpl).

P ROC EDURE

1. Pad the batch fabric with above solution.

2. Well covered with polyethylene sheet.

3. Leave it for 2 hours.

4. Soaping at 70°c for 10 min.

5. Wash and dry.

REACTIV E DYE USING P AD BATCH (H)

RE C I P E :

chemical Amount

dyestuff X gm

Wetting agent 2-5gpl

Common salt 10-30gpl

Caustic flakes 10-15gpl

P ROC EDURE :



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

1. Pad fabric with this solution at 70% expression.

2. Covered with polyethylene sheet.

3. Leave for 20-24 hours.

REACTIV E DYE BY ME BRAND (P AD-BATCH)

a) Dyestuff

Urea

Sodium silicate

Caustic soda

Sodium hexa Meta phosphate

Pad cover with polyethylene sheet. Keep for 20-24 hours.

b) Dyestuff

Urea

Cellar lc40 (yogeshwar)

NaHCo

Pad -dry-normal steam for 5 min or thermo f ix at 140°c temp for 5 min and then wash.

REACTIV E DYE BY V.S (P AD-BATCH)

RECIPE LIGHT /MEDIUM SHADE DARK SHADE

Dyestuff 2-15gpl 20-70gpl

Urea 25-50gpl 50-200gpl

Salt glouber salt 15-20gpl 40-60gpl

Trisodium phosphate 10-20gpl 7-12gpl Caustic soda (72°tw) - 5-10gpl

REACTIVE DYE PAD CONTINOUS METHOD:

I. PAD(DYE)-DRY-PAD(ALKALI)-DRY-STEAM METHOD:

1. Pad the fabric through the solution containing the following ingredient

Dye- x gm

Salt-x gm

Water-x lit2. Dry the fabric in quenching. then pad with alkali

Sodium hydroxide- x gm

Salt-x gm

Water x lit

3. Dry the sample. then steam without tension for 4 -5 min

4. Soap the sample with 2 gpl soap sol at 60°c for 30 min.



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

II. PAD(DYE+ALKALI+SALT)-BATCH METHOD:

1. Pad the fabric through the sol containing.

Dye x gm

Salt-x gm

So

da

as

h-x

gm

Water-x gm

2. Pad the fabric sample in above sol with a then batch the sample on a glass rod and

cover it with plastic bag and kept it for 6 hours for the reactions dyeing and substrate

3. Soak the sample with 2 gpl soap sol at 60°c for 30 min.

III. PAD(DYE+SALT+ALKALI)-DRY BAKE METHOD:

1. Pad the sample through the sol containing :

Dye x gm

Salt- x gm

Urea x gm

Soda ash-x gm

Water- x lit

2. Pad the sample twice with a dwell times of three min .and dry at 80°c then bake the

sample iron at 120°c for 3-4 min.

3. Soak the sample with 2gpl soap sol for 30 min at 60°c.

IV. PAD (DYE+SALT+ALKALI)-DRY-STEAM:-

1. Pad the sample twice containing sol:

Dye-x gm

Salt-x gm

NaHCO -x gm

Water x lit

2. Pad the sample twice with a dwell time of 3 min. then dry the sample at 80°c.

3. Steam without pressure for 4 min .soak the sample with 2 gpl soap sol at 60°c for 30

min.

V. COLD PAD BATCH METHOD:



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PRAVEEN MAURYA

Direct Dyeing

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