Proprietary Information of Dynamit Nobel Defence GmbH, Germany DIN ISO 16016 Dynamit Nobel Defence Dr. Herbert P. Weisshaupt Head of Business Development l International Developments of Infantry Weap ons for Missions in Urban Areas–an Industrial View
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Proprietary Information of Dynamit Nobel Defence GmbH, Germany DIN ISO 16016
SZENARIOS Open Field Attack)
“Certain AT and special teams had as many as 50-80% of theirpersonnel armed with RPGs, carrying as many as 15 of these. Insituations where artillery was insufficient in numbers orimpossibleto use, they were also utilized to provide 'artillery' support forcombat, sometimes even with more effect than real artillerywould have achieved. This also explains the fact that, since theIran-Iraq war, the Iranian armed forces issue two RPG-7s for an11-man squad.”
→
Range requirement for 800 to 900m
→ No point target, groups of adversaries
OPEN SPACE ATTACKS
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SZENARIOS MOUT)
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For unguided projectiles, direct fire is generally more accurate and of highervelocity and thus is better for penetrating hardened targets and for quicklydestroying small, discrete targets. As a general rule, direct fire - especiallythat from foot soldiers - is required to dislodge enemy units from an area;indirect fire can repress a target area as soldiers and armored vehicles closein on it, but indirect fire cannot capture a target on its own.[
SZENARIOS MOUT)
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The French ERYX uses command-to-line-of-sight wire guidance to deliver effectivefirepower at ranges of 50 – 600 meters.ERYX is designed for urban warfare, and itcan even be fired from inside a building(needs 2meter space behind it), but thewire guidance system doesn't work too wellin terrain with trees and telephone/electricwires where the cable can get caught.
The range of max 600m is not too goodand rocket speed is too slow for an ATGMso users are now looking for new mediumrange AT alternatives.
AT3 Malyutka (SAGGER) is a very oldmanual command to line of sight ATGMwith command wire and very low speed
(~120m/s).Today mainly used by terrorists.Ranges from 500m to 3000m.
Guided Missiles
Guided Short Range Missiles in the Market
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The 4.4 kg ‘Enforcer' missile is fired from the 3.4 kg‘Thumper' shoulder -launcher, capable of hitting targets2.5 km away in the direct fire role and up to 5 km
away in the indirect fire role. Types of warheadconsidered include infrared-guided, dual modepenetrator and blast fragmentation rounds. MBDAadded that it is also working on a tripod for Enforcer.
Spike-SR, the short range version of the weapon,
is a single shot, fire and forget, disposable weapon.It is a 9kg weapon whose minimum range is 50 mwhile the maximum range is 800 m. The company
positions the new weapon at a level well above
RAFAEL’s own Matador rocket system, TalleySMAW or Saab AT4, as well as the Saab MBTLAW. According to Rafael, despite the muchimproved precision, performance and probability ofkill, Spike SR will be slightly more expensive than
those other unguided rockets.
A modular, low-cost, high precision missile capable ofengaging 'asymmetric aggressors' in complex terrain,at ranges exceeding 2 miles, with high precision, and
minimal risk of collateral damage. The missile wasdesigned as very low cost weapon, with unit cost goalof US$5,000 . The Spike weighs about 2.26 kg, and is63.5 cm long. It uses fire and forget guidance using ageneral purpose strap-down electro-optical seeker. Itwas designed as a shoulder fired tactical missile
Guided Missiles current developments)
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USMC anti-armor manual :
The manual, as does ST 7-10-1, includes more emphasis on the ability of the Javelin tosupport MOUT operations. This capability is largely due to its soft launch ability. Themanualdoes fail to highlight the fact that Javelin has significant limitations of use within aMOUTenvironment if used in densely built-up areas, due to the long duration (10 to 40secondsdepending on gunner experience) it may take a gunner to achieve a lock on the targetbefore
being able to reliably fire the missile. In complex terrain, such a long tracking timemay be difficult to achieve.
Guided Missiles Javelin)
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SZENARIOS Open Field)
Short range ATGMs are useful in cases of a clear firing range with armored vehicles, e.g. in the case of tanks approachina city (latest examples can be observed in Syria).
US-Army Handbook MOUT : “Light and medium recoilless weapons obtain their most effective short-range antiarmor shotby firing from upper stories, or from the flanksand rear.”
Attacking a MBT down a straight alley is extremely hazardous tothe gunner due to the risk of direct counter-fire from othetanks moving down the same street.
ATTACKING MBTs
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The Predator SRAW, is a lightweight,close range missile system produced byLockheed Martin, developed byLockheed Martin and Israel MilitaryIndustries. It is designed to complementthe Javelin anti-tank missile.In 2003 the US Army decided not toadopt a version of the USMC Predator
as its MPIM/SRAW (MultipurposeIndividual Munition - Short Range
Assault Weapon) candidate and furtherprocurement of the Predator wascanceled. And as of 2005, all the FGM-172A missiles supplied previously to theUSMC have been retrofitted with theFGM-172B multi-purpose blast warheadto replace the top attack anti-armorwarhead
“Since it's inertial - if the firer moveseven one click, the accuracy is severelydegraded, two+ and it goes down further.Moral - it's a good defensive weapon, or
if used to stalk victims, taking the shot atthe halt. Not so good if the gunners haveto move & shoot.”
Controlled Flight Missiles
PREDATOR MBT LAW
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The miniature guided weapon from ATK weighs about sixpounds. Fitted with three folding air surfaces and moving tail finsfor flight control, the weapon uses laser and GPS to home in ontargets designated by the UAV or by supported ground forces.The weapon weighs about 2.7 kg. The Hatchet features aminiaturized Laser JDAM Seeker warhead, made by ElbitSystems, and can be guided on to a target by GPS or an inertialguidance system.
Aerovironment has also been working on a project it calls"Switchblade" since 2007, which is to deliver a portable, tube-launched "loitering munition" of the sort now becoming trendy insome nations' artillery units.The system can be carried in a backpack (6 pounds) and can bedeployed and launched within 30 seconds.
The weapon of the MBDA system is the 80mm ‘Gladius’ type
miniature gliders weapons. The Armatus launcher will be able tocarry eight Gladius weapons along with a single Caelus. Afterbeing released from the launcher, the 80 cm long Gladius will beboosted to subsonic speed and expand the wings over 44 cmspan, to continue on an unpowered glide to the target up to 30km range. Each Gladius will weigh up to seven kg and beequipped with an Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP) weighingup to one kilogram.
Guided Munitions on UAVs Alternatives)
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..... NOW THE TRENDS :
(1) High precision munition with multi-purpose warheads (breaching, anti-armor, fragmentation) in the range 20 to800m
(2) „ Designing a portable weapon that will providing a significant effect yet, remain compact and lightweightenough for dismounted combat poses a great challenge for designers. Some favor the 'smart ammunition' strategywhile others opt for 'smart launcher' approach.” Most of the ballistic weapons suppliers (DND, SaaB Bofors, Instalaza, Talley-SMAW) are offering fire-controlsights.
(3) Guided Missile Suppliers take efforts to offer a “low cost short range” missile to enter the lower end of heavy
infantry weapons (Rafael, MBDA,Diehl, US Navy Spike)
(4) For precision strikes with limited warhead effect a serious competition is arising from UAV suppliers withadapted submunitions (US spike, Hatchet, Switchblade)
(5) Customers :- Germany puts its money on medium range ATGM (Spike) and short range ballistic weapons with FCS (fire controlsight)- Netherlands puts its money on medium range ATGM (Spike) and short range ballistic weapons with FCS- Italy puts its money on medium range ATGM (Spike) and short range ballistic weapons with FCS- UK puts its money on medium range ATGM (Javelin) and short range ballistic weapons (ASM)- France puts its money on medium range ATGM (Javelin) and short range ballistic weapons with FCS- Singapore puts its money on medium range ATGM (Spike) and short range guided missile (Spike SR)- Japan puts its money on medium range ATGM (own development) and short range ballistic weapons (CG andPzf3)- South Korea puts its money on medium range ATGM (own development) and short range ballistic weapons (Pzf3,future?)- Peru puts its money on medium range ATGM (Spike) and short range ballistic weapons with FCS (Pzf3 and
Alcotan)
(6) Cost : short range guided/flight-controlled systems are at 30k$+, fire-controlled balistic weapons are at 10k$
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Shoulder-Launched weapons are of
growing importance
High value for Infantry
Requirements changed for
Shoulder Launched Weapons
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Instalaza Alcotan 100 ABK
Nammo Talley SMAW D
Talley M 72 ASM
Saab Bofors Dynamics AT4 CS AST
Saab Bofors Dynamics Carl Gustaf
Industry approach to engage new challenges in MOUT
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Pzf 3
Pzf 3-T
Bkf
Pzf 3-IT600
RGW 60
RGW90 HEAT/HESH
RGW90 AS
Effector 90 mm
Development from AT to MP weaponsNon-disposable weapons:
• suitability of weapons and structural behaviour (avoid overkill)
• scalability of effects (Blast, fragments, less-lethal effectors….) • vulnerability models and application• supply of such data• reduce collateral damage by
• high accuracy (Fire Control Systems, guidance,…) • limited or scalable effects (w/h mode selection, munition selection)