iPRES 2016 – Stewardship & Sustainability II: Digital Preservation through Digital Sustainability Dr. Matthias Stuermer & Gabriel Abu-Tayeh Research Center for Digital Sustainability Institute of Information Systems University of Bern 13th International Conference on Digital Preservation 3 October 2016, Bern, Switzerland
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Digital preservation through Digital Sustainability
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iPRES 2016 – Stewardship & Sustainability II: Digital Preservation through Digital Sustainability
Dr. Matthias Stuermer & Gabriel Abu-Tayeh
Research Center for Digital Sustainability Institute of Information Systems University of Bern
13th International Conference on Digital Preservation
3 October 2016, Bern, Switzerland
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Research Center for Digital Sustainability
Team of 10 members and 3 PhD students at the Institut of Information Systems at University of Bern, founded in 2014
Research, teaching and consulting on… > Digital sustainability: SDGs, digital commons etc. > Open source software: Community governance,
business models, maturity models, Inner Source etc. > Open data: Open data apps, interactive data
visualizations, open aid, linked open data etc. > Open government: Transparency, participation,
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Matthias Stürmer
> Since 2013 post-doc and head of Research Center for Digital Sustainability at the Institut of Information Systems at University of Bern
> 2010 until 2013 senior consultant/manager regarding open source software, open data, social media, IT architecture, IT security, IT audit, and IT procurement at EY (Ernst & Young)
> 2009 until 2010 business development and project manager at Liip AG
> 2006 until 2009 assistent at ETH Zürich at the Chair of Strategic Management and Innovation (D-MTEC) of Prof. Georg von Krogh
> 2000 until 2005 licentiate in business administration and computer science at University of Bern
> President of tcbe.ch – ICT Cluster Bern, Switzerland
> Member of the board of CH Open
> Co-founder and member of the board of Opendata.ch
> Secretary of the Parliamentarian Group for Digital Sustainability
> Member of the city parliament of Bern
Dr. Matthias Stürmer Post-doc, head of Research Center for Digital Sustainability University of Bern Institut of Information Systems Engehaldenstrasse 8 CH-3012 Bern Office: +41 31 631 38 09 Mobile: +41 76 368 81 65 Secretary: +41 31 631 38 79 Twitter: @maemst [email protected] www.digitale-nachhaltigkeit.unibe.ch
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Sustainable development
Environment Humans
Economy Knowledge
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Related research
> Sustainable Development (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987)
> Digital Preservation (Smith Rumsey 2010)
> Open source software: Private-Collective Innovation Model (von Hippel and von Krogh, 2003)
> Knowledge Commons / Digital Commons (Frischmann et al. 2014)
Sources: • World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987. Report of the World Commission on Environment and
Development: Our Common Future. • Smith Rumsey, A., 2010. Sustainable Economics for a Digital Planet: Ensuring Long-Term Access to Digital Information.
Blue Ribbon Task Force on Sustainable Digital Preservation and Access. • von Hippel, E., von Krogh, G., 2003. Open Source Software and the “Private-Collective” Innovation Model: Issues for
5. Open licensing regime 6. Shared tacit knowledge 7. Participatory culture 8. Good governance 9. Diversified funding
10. Contributing to sustainable development (NEW)
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1. Elaborateness
> Elaborateness is determined through their completeness, modularity, integrity, accuracy, security, robustness etc. regarding the quality of their substance.
> Link to digital preservation: — Problem: errors in documents and their metadata — Challenge: growing demand for data storage
in order to preserve high data quality — Need: financial ressources
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2. Transparent structures
> Technical openness of digital artifact: spec, source code, data etc. > Transparency enables control and improvements from the public
improving trust and reducing mistakes
> Link to digital preservation: — Open standard should be mandatory for data — Software is needed to be able to open complex data files (e.g. GIS)
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3. Semantic data
> Semantic information (metadata, ontologies) make complex digital artifacts intelligible to humans and machines
> Semantic information enables individuals, organizations and eventually society to absorb previously created knowledge and to advance that knowledge.
> Link to digital preservation: — Metadata is key (as we all know ;) — E.g. Open Archival Information
System (OAIS) reference model — ISO standard 16363 on
"Audit and Certification of Trustworthy Digital Repositories"
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4. Distributed location
> Distributed location means data, software and other digital artifacts are stored and operated on multiple sites e.g. through replicated data storage or peer-to-peer technology.
> Increases long-term availability of digital artifacts and their operational reliability to the benefit of society.
> Link to digital preservation: — Example of peer-to-peer research platform:
LOCKSS (Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe) at the Stanford University Libraries
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5. Open licensing regime
> Everybody is allowed to use and change a digital good > Previously created knowledge can be re-used at no costs,
«Standing on the shoulders of giants» > Allows society to fully exploit the intellectual capacity of humanity
> Link to digital preservation:
— Open access principles important for libraries — Granting long-term access without any legal limitations
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6. Shared tacit knowledge
> Many individuals and organizations who know via their experience how to understand, use and modify the digital artifacts.
> Reduces dependence of society on a single or a few individuals, corporations or other organizations. Thus it empowers individuals and organizations to contribute.
> Link to digital preservation: — Challenge: correctly interpret stored information — Goal: maintain and interpret resources
in the long-term
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7. Participatory culture
> Participatory culture allows the creation of active ecosystems > Brings together knowledge and experience of different contributors > Peer-review enhances quality of contributions
> Link to digital preservation:
— Quality assurance and information gathering processes — Crowdsourcing projects by GLAM institutions
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8. Good governance
> Governance not by a single individual or organization, but decentralized among contributors and other stakeholders
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Swiss Parliamentary Group for Digital Sustainability
> Founded 2009 by the Swiss open source advocacy group CH Open > 7 core team members from national parliament, total 45 members > Political agenda:
1. Public funding should follow basic conditions for digital sustainability 2. Public institutions should prioritize open source software, open data etc. 3. Research funding should focus on open science principles
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Questions and discussion
Dr. Matthias Stürmer Post-doc, head of Research Center for Digital Sustainability University of Bern Institut of Information Systems Engehaldenstrasse 8 CH-3012 Bern Office: +41 31 631 38 09 Mobile: +41 76 368 81 65 Secretary: +41 31 631 38 79 Twitter: @maemst [email protected] www.digitale-nachhaltigkeit.unibe.ch