Different aged people Prof. Dr. Jin BQ NJNU Aged periods Infants Preschool child School child Adult Elder.

Different aged peopleDifferent aged people

Prof. Dr. Jin BQNJNU

Aged periodsAged periods

InfantsPreschool childSchool childAdultElder

§4 Infants Nutrition§4 Infants Nutrition & Food Supplement & Food Supplement

P181-188P181-188

1 Introduction1.1 Birth to face 1th Stress, out of mother 1th Fast growing period(0-3y)

1.2 New Born: Indexes BW: 3.3kg (2-4kg/BW) BH: 50-55cm Chest cycle < Head cycle Survival in 0 day-2 weeks

2 Growth2.1 BW: 6m-old 1y-old 3y-old

6kg 9kg 12-15kg

2.2 BH: 60-65cm 70-80cm 90-100cm

2.3 Three circle: Head, Chest, Arm

Chest = Head Chest > Head

Arm 11cm to 16cm

2.4 Organs:Stomach-V: 30-50ml to 100-200mlTeeth: 20, 4-10m

3 Body composition3 Body composition suppl.suppl.

3.1 Ratio

3.1.1 New born: H2O Fat % 75 12-15

3.1.2 1-yare old: H2O Fat % 60 24

4 Nutritional Requirement4 Nutritional Requirement

4.1 Property: Higher Nutr/Energy density

4.2 EnergyAmount is 3-4 times as adultsCH2O & fat are same important for supplying E

DRIs: 100-200kcal/kg BW + 5kcal/1g BW

CH2O = 5g/kg BW

Fat = 4g/kg BW, 30-45% in GE

Both supply is over 2/3 in GE

4.3 Protein4.3 Protein

Amount is 3-5 times as adults

requires more better protein

1.5-3.0g/kg.BW/d

DRIs: 1.6-2.2g/kg BW by mother’s nursing

3-4g/kg BW by suckling cow milk

8+1 （ Histidine), Lys/1st

1y-old: 35g/d; 2-3y-old: 40g/d

4.4 Fat: 6m-old: 45-50% in GE1y-old: 35-40% in GE2-3y-old: 30-35%

4.5 Carbohydrate: Cereal CH2O Allergy diarrhoea

Amount to be increasing

4.6 Water 120-150ml/kg BW/d Reasons: easy to de-water & help to excrete

4.7 Minerals Ca: 400-600mg/d.pFe: 10mg/d.p in 4mZn: 3-5mg/d.pSe: 15g/d.pI: 40-50 g/d.pNaCl > 6m-old

4.8 Vitamins: A, D, Bcom

5 Feeding methods & principle5 Feeding methods & principle

Nursing (Breast milk)

Formula Milk

Weanling Foods’ Supplement

5.1 Nursing direction 5.1 Nursing direction p184p184

5.1.1 Mother nursing: Breast milk suckling in 24hs

A Composition: Ca & Protein CH2O

B Colostrum: Supply IgA, IgM, Lymph T,

Lactoferrin, Lysozyme et al for improving its immune

5..1.2 Emotion & health for M-I5.1.3 Nursing/Wetting time: 4-10m

A Time & amount

B Supplying sequence

5.2 Formula milk powder5.2 Formula milk powder p186-187p186-187

Principle: Designing for different aged Additiving whey, AA (Lys), FA, lactoce--- Moving out protein, CA, Na, K and Cl from dairy

Application: 0-6m-old & 6-12m-old for Mixture feeding or artificial feeding

Weanling foods: as breast nuring

5.3 Weanling foods 5.3 Weanling foods p185-187p185-187

Dairy milk continouring

• 2nd stress after birth

• Food style change

Liquid half solid solidSimple complex

•Weaning time: 4 -10m old

• Stand up to walk

0-1y-old0-1y-old

Kinds of weanling foods 汁液：蔬菜汁、果汁等 泥：蛋黄、果泥、菜泥、肉泥、肝泥等 羹：蛋羹、鱼羹、肉羹、米糊、面糊等 粥：菜粥、肉粥、鱼粥、肝粥等 烂面条：菜面、肉面、鱼面等 烂饭：菜饭、肉饭、鱼饭等Principle

先单一、低浓度 混合物、较高浓度5-10 天起喂葡萄糖水，避免新生儿黄胆6 月龄前尽量避免用食盐4-6 月龄起注意补充： Fe, Vit.D & A

6 Meals arranging for 1-3y-old infants6 Meals arranging for 1-3y-old infants

Dairy milk: 2-4 cups/d

3 meals + 2-3 snacks

Fruids

Special cooking

Suitable dietary energy supplying with good protein

7 Innutrition/abiotrophy 7 Innutrition/abiotrophy p188p188

Richets

IDA

Zinc deficiency

Protein deficiency