DENGUE DHF DSS CHIKUNGUNYA LEPTOSPIROSIS HFMD 1. ETIOLOGY 4 Serotype of the dengue virus (DEN 1,2,3 &4) Alphavirus genus- family of togaviridea Spirochete bacteria- genus leptospira Human enteroviruses- Picornaviridea 2 VECTORS female Aedes Aegypty use the blood for laying of eggs. Aedes Aegypty & Aedes Albopictus Rodents(rats), dogs, livestock, wild animals and catdirect exposer to infected urine/contaminated soil &water Coxsackie viruses A16( common) & Enteroviruses 17 ( severe form) 3. INCUBATI ON PERIODS 4-7 Days ( range 3-14 days) 3-7 Days (range 1-12 days) Last about 5-14 days and within a range of 2-30 days 4. Sign & Symptom Sudden onset of high fever (biphasic), retro-orbital or frontal headache, myalgia& arthralgia, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting Febrile phase- last 2-7 days Critical phase- > 3 days with degree of plasma leakage, last about 24-48 hrs. Sudden onset of high fever (>39 ̊C), severe arthralgia and myalgia, inconstant skin rash. Anicteric leptospirosis { systemic with aseptic meningitis} - 90% cases Icteric leptospirosis (weil’s ds) {overwhelming ds-vascular collapse. Fever usually >39 ̊C longer than 3 days, 4 stages. Stage 1- oral ulcers & vesicular rash Stage 2- CNS involvement Stage 3- cardiopulmona ry failure,
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DENGUE DHF DSS CHIKUNGUNYA LEPTOSPIROSIS HFMD
1. ETIOLOGY4 Serotype of the dengue virus (DEN 1,2,3 &4)
Alphavirus genus- family of togaviridea
Spirochete bacteria- genus leptospira
Human enteroviruses- Picornaviridea
2 VECTORS female Aedes Aegypty use the blood for laying of eggs.
Aedes Aegypty & Aedes Albopictus
Rodents(rats), dogs, livestock, wild animals and catdirect exposer to infected urine/contaminated soil &water
Coxsackie viruses A16( common) & Enteroviruses 17 ( severe form)
3. INCUBATION PERIODS 4-7 Days ( range 3-14 days) 3-7 Days (range
1-12 days)Last about 5-14 days and within a range of 2-30 days
4. Sign & Symptom
Sudden onset of high fever (biphasic), retro-orbital or frontal headache, myalgia& arthralgia, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting
Febrile phase- last 2-7 days Critical phase- > 3 days with
degree of plasma leakage, last about 24-48 hrs.
Recovery phase- reabsorption of extravascular fluid.
Sudden onset of high fever (>39 ̊C), severe arthralgia and myalgia, inconstant skin rash.
Anicteric leptospirosis { systemic with aseptic meningitis} -90% cases
Pulse pressure <20mmHg, resp rate >24, evidence of plasma leak, Capillary refill >2 sec.
Arthralgia is the key clinical features for dx.(persist for month to years)
Severe myalgia localized to calf muscle with conjunctival congestion/subconjunctival hemorrhage with or w/o jaundice or oliguria. Consider history of contact with contaminated water.
Oral ulcers and vesicular rash appearing on the hands, feet, knees and/or buttocks;, herpangina including oral ulceration over anterior tonsillar pillars, the soft palate, buccal mucosa or uvula.