DIDACTIC UNIT FOR FIRST COURSE BASEBALL 1. INTRODUCTION In this didactic unit we are going to work the basic skills in baseball with students from 1 ESO. 2. DIDACTIC AIMS • To learn the basic rules and technical features of baseball. • To practice and improve launch and reception. • To practice and improve batting. • To practice and improve the race and arrival to the base. • To learn and apply the moves and basic skills of baseball in game situations in order to practise them independently as a recreational sport. • To take part in activities to learn how to play baseball demonstrating attitudes of tolerance and sportsmanship. • To learn specific terminology (Pitcher, Catcher, Inning, Strike, Homer, Rounders, Career). • To learn specific words related to learn baseball (to run, to launch, reception, batting, to score…) 3. BASIC COMPETENCE Basic skills, which are mostly developed throughout, this work, will be: • Social and civic competence: these objectives encourage activities that facilitate integration, respect, cooperation and acceptance of both standards limitations and differences among students. • Jurisdiction of autonomy and personal initiative: the objectives encourage students' self-improvement and acceptance of different levels of skills. • Learning to learn: when planning leisure activities and working as a team, also to provide students with the tools to explore the different sports and make learning by discovery. • Communication and linguistic competence: because these goals involve learning specific vocabulary and proper physical education. 1
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DIDACTIC UNIT FOR FIRST COURSE
BASEBALL1. INTRODUCTION
In this didactic unit we are going to work the basic skills in baseball with students from 1
ESO.
2. DIDACTIC AIMS
• To learn the basic rules and technical features of baseball.
• To practice and improve launch and reception.
• To practice and improve batting.
• To practice and improve the race and arrival to the base.
• To learn and apply the moves and basic skills of baseball in game situations in
order to practise them independently as a recreational sport.
• To take part in activities to learn how to play baseball demonstrating attitudes of
tolerance and sportsmanship.
• To learn specific terminology (Pitcher, Catcher, Inning, Strike, Homer, Rounders,
Career).
• To learn specific words related to learn baseball (to run, to launch, reception,
batting, to score…)
3. BASIC COMPETENCE
Basic skills, which are mostly developed throughout, this work, will be:
• Social and civic competence: these objectives encourage activities that facilitate
integration, respect, cooperation and acceptance of both standards limitations and
differences among students.
• Jurisdiction of autonomy and personal initiative: the objectives encourage
students' self-improvement and acceptance of different levels of skills.
• Learning to learn: when planning leisure activities and working as a team, also to
provide students with the tools to explore the different sports and make learning by
discovery.
• Communication and linguistic competence: because these goals involve learning
specific vocabulary and proper physical education.
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4. CONTENTS
4.1. SHORT HISTORY OF BASEBALL
Baseball has its origins in the game of cricket and rounders (British children's game),
that English colonists brought to America.
In 1839, A. Doubleday began using the term to distinguish baseball from previous
games. Gradually the game became more spectacular and increased the players. Baseball
arrived in Spain in 1929, appearing first teams with the appearance of the first competition.
Baseball is an Olympic sport since the 1992 Games, held in Barcelona.
4.2. BASEBALL FIELD
The following figure shows the shape and dimensions of a baseball field. The playing
field is divided into two parts: an internal field or diamond due to its shape and an external
field, which extends to the bottom of the stage. Missing lines delimit the area where you can
play.
The diamond is a square of 27.4 m on a side; the bases being marked by a square pad
on each of its vertices. In the center of the diamond is the mound from which the ball is
thrown, a rubber square indicates the throwing area. In the finish area there is another rubber
pentagonal where the batter stands.
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4.3. MATERIAL
The material needed to practice baseball is as follows:
The ball: white leather and weighs about 140 grams (very hard).
The bat: it must be round with a length of 106 cm, wood or aluminium.
The glove: Leather and quilted, serves to facilitate the reception of the ball.
Guards: helmet (for the batter), knee pads, mask and overalls (catcher).
4.4. BASIC RULES OF THE GAME
Duration: No fixed time. Each team has nine innings to get the maximum number of races.
The nine players can participate in each inning at most once.
Players: Each team consists of nine players plus reserves. The attacking team puts the batter
in the area concerned, and the defending team puts its players: a pitcher throwing or one
receiver or catcher (behind the batter), 3 in each of the bases (first, second and third base), one
between the bases (the middle, moving freely throughout the country, is the fastest) and 3
more distant whose function is to catch the ball as quickly as possible and return it to the base.
Starting the game: the pitcher starts throwing the ball to the batter on the hitting zone and
strike zone (delimited between his armpits and knee).
The batter will try to hit the ball out preventing the limits of the field; if this happens again hit
it. If validly strikes, let the bat and try to get to first base. Meanwhile, the defense team will
attempt to collect the ball and pass it to first base defender before it reaches the batter, if the
ball comes before the batter is eliminated and, if not, the batter will continue his career trying
to reach the next base, or perform a full career (or home run and sending the ball out of
bounds).
Whether the batter gets a race or not, if it is removed, the game is restarted with a new batter
They are called balls or strikes to good pitches that within the strike zone are not hit by the
batter or throwing the batter tries to hit and not get it the first two times that the batter hits the
ball into foul ground.
Balls are called bad (or just ball), the pitches outside the strike zone that the batter does not
try to hit. If the pitcher throws four balls (bad), the batter is awarded first base.
Elimination of players: The batter is removed when: punt the ball out of bounds, a defensive
player catches the ball before it touches the ground, the pitcher gets the third strike, after
hitting the ball, a defender gets the ball to first base before him.
A broker is eliminated when: Outside of the base with the ball is touched by a defender, a
defender touches the base with the ball before it hits, is touched by a ball hit by a partner;
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Career deviates more of 1 m from the line and finally, if moving towards a base on which
there is already a partner. The pitcher is removed and allows the hitter to win a base when:
Roll four balls out of the strike zone, does not place at least one foot on the base of the
pitcher; threatens the release, the release does not look the batter.
Elimination of battings : The batting team is eliminated when: three players are eliminated
then switches teams’ hitter.
4.5. TECHNICAL SKILLS
In baseball there are four technical and tactical actions:
Ball Toss: The charge to do this is the launcher from his mound. The correct way is to catch
the ball hold it between your thumb and index and middle fingers, resting on the ring finger
and the hand holding it separate. There are different ways to launch. All have in common
three phases: preparation, balancing the body and the release of the ball. The three ways are:
straight or quick release (more accuracy and speed), curveball (the ball just drawn this path as
it approaches the bat) and slow pitch (used to fool the batter)
Receiving the ball: For good reception, has to follow the path of the ball until it is inside the
glove. At this time it has to cushion the impact with arms. There are several ways to make the
reception.
Hitting the ball: The batter should be inside the profile box hit the pitcher, with legs apart and
back slightly bent forward. The position is ideal for holding the bat hit with the left hand below
the right, aligning the knuckles of the left hand with the phalanges of the right, or vice versa if
you are left-handed.
The bat is placed about 20 cm from the nearest shoulder and chest level.
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When the ball comes to bat, the batter starts stepping movement with the most advanced leg,
rotating the hips forward and then putting the shoulders and arms completely straight. At the
time of impact with the ball, the bat should allow complete its sequence.
Running the bases: To start the race to the next base, we must have a watchful eye on the
launcher to run at the time when the ball leaves his hands.
To reach a base, we can slide to the ground. This sliding starts about 3 m before reaching the
base. Put one leg bent and the other stretched out, especially hands must not touch the ground,
to avoid injury.
Do not jump to reach the base. If we and the referee tell us that we can continue, we will take
the curve to the next base.
5. SEQUENCE OF LEARNING ACTIVITIES
This unit has 7 sessions:
Session 1
Introduction to the didactic unit.
Key words. Using a power point to explain baseball specific vocabulary. Images and key
structures.
To watch a DVD about baseball in USA with the assistant teacher. She will explain the more
useful key structures and their application on the lessons.
Session 2
Sum up the last session while warming up.
Practice:
• Basic technique of launching and catching.
• Reduced play situations 3x3.
• Functions of the pitcher and catcher.
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Session 3
Sum up the last session while warming up.
Practice:
• Basic batting technique.
• Reduced play situations 4 x4.
• Functions of the hitter.
Session 4
Sum up the last session while warming up.
Practice:
• Basic technique based career, catching and passing the ball after batting.
• Reduced play situations 5 x 5.
• Transition to the real game.
Session 5
Sum up the last session while warming up.
Practice:
• Enforcement to basic regulatory backlash.
• Reduced play situations 6 x 6.
• Transition to the real game.
Session 6
Sum up the last session while warming up.
Practice:
• Application of the techniques learned to real game situations.
• Getting to the real game 9 x 9.
• Familiarization with basic violations during the real game.
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Session 7
Assessment:
Realize a circuit in pair with six exercises:
1) Passing and receiving the ball in static.
2) Pitching and batting.
3) Pass, batting and running a base
Situation backlash, groups of four students:
4) Pass batting and running a base with active defense.
5) Questions about baseball rules applied to the real game.
Real game 9 x 9:
6) Viewing the actual game 9 x 9. Rating of team play.