DICENGw

a pn (one) peteî indef.aj (an) peteî

abandon v hejarei (asp)

abandoned field n kokuereabandoned road n tapekueabandoned house, hovel n oygue, tapere

abcess n (furuncle) jati’iabdomen n (belly, stomach, guts) tye (o)

abhor © (hate, despise) py’arov hayhu’_

ability n katu(training) tekokatupyry(judgment) akâ

able aj,© (skillful, clever, useful, intelligent) vale (span.)

aj (skillful, trained) katupyrydefec.v (be possible) ikatu 3rd

able to sf (know how) kuaa (ajapokuaa=I know how to make...)

able in cooking aj poheabortion n membykuaabout sf (more or less) rupi (la die rupi=about 10

o’clock)av (almost) nunga

above av (on, on top of) ári(over, tall, elevated) yvate

absence n pore'_absent aj pore'_

ndaipóri (lit:there is none)(not here) noîméi (noîméi ko’ápe=he’s absent)

absent oneself v (move away) ñemomombyryabsurd aj (ridiculous, laughable) pukarâ

something absurd n (nonsense) mba’e reieteabundant aj akutiple (Oî akutiple =there’s plenty)abuse n (injury, offense) jahéi

v (use badly) poru vai(offend, annoy) jahéi

accommodate v (locate, put in place) mohenda (s. tenda)

accompany v moirû (s. irû)

accomplishment n (event, success) tembiasa (o)

according to ppn (as, in the same manner) javeveaccording to custom ph jepiverô guáicha

accustomed to v jepokuaa(in the habit of) akotumra (span.)

ache n (cramp, itch, pain) jehýi v jehýi 3rd

aj hasy © rasy (o)

acid aj (sour) háiacid stomach n, py’aháihave an acid stomach © py’ahái

achieve v (advance, repair) moingoacne n (pimple, blackhead) jari’iacquire v (appropriate, become the owner) ñemomba’e

(rehe)

across av rupi (ñu rupi=across the field)across from ppn (facing a place or person) rovái

(o)

act n (work, labor, result) tembiapo (o)

v (do, work) japo, mba’apoactive aj,© (diligent, optimistic) kyre’_

(intelligent, capable) ha’eveactual aj (real) añeteguaactually av (really) añete

ciertoite (span.)

acute aj (pointed, sharp) haimbe, hakua (o) (s. takua)

add v (bring together, join) mbyaty(numbers) papa (ai)(liquid) tykua (ai)(ingredients) moîve

add on to v (place on top of) mbojo’a (s. jo’a)

adhere v (approximate, bring close, limit) ja adjust v (correct, mend, restore) myatyrô

(fix, repair) mbojojaadjusted aj joja

adjustment n jojaadmirable aj (exemplary) hechapyrâadmiration n ñemomorâ, porangarekoadmire v (praise) porangareko (ai)

(praise, appreciate) momba’e (s. mba’e)

adolescent n (young) ta’yrusu (o)

adore v (rub, scrub, pet) pichy (ai)adorn v (ornament) mbojegua, jegua

adorned aj jeguaadult aj (grown) kakuaa

aj,© (ripe, seasoned, mature) aju=tyarôadvance irr.v (go forward) ha=ho tenondeve

v (achieve, repair) moingoadvantage n ventaja (span.)

take advantage v provecha (span.)

advantageous aj iporâma (lit:it is good)advise v (tell, narrate, denounce) mombe'u

(pinch, warn, put on guard) ñatôi(notify) momarandu (s. marandu)

avisa (span.)

affected (be) v (wilful, demanding, spoiled) ñembohekoaffectionately av (with love) tayhupápeaffliction n,© (grief) py’apyafraid (be) v (lack confidence) kyhyje

© (be timid) py’amirîafter av (from now) aguirire

(then) upéi cj,av (then) upéi ppn (time) rire ( heta ára rire=a long time

after) (beyond a place) rire (hóga rire=after his house)

ppv (time) rire (oky rire=after it rains)after this av korireafter that av (later, afterward) upérire (jahata

upérire=we’ll go afterward)afternoon n ka’aru

in the afternoon av ka’arúvoafterward av rire

(later, after that) upérire ppv (after in time) rire cj (then, because of that) upémarô

again av (anew) jevy=jeyagainst ppn (through, by, with) re=rehe

av (I’m against it, I don’t like it) nda che gustái agave n (spiny plant with red center) karaguata

agave marsh n karaguatatyage n (period of time) ára, (year) año (span.)

v (grow old) ñembotuja (che tujave ahávo=I’m getting old)

How old are you? ph Mboy año rerekoagent n (policeman, guard) tahachiaggressive aj,© (angry, bad tempered) ñarôagile aj,© (headstrong, lively, spirited) rari

(flexible, elastic) sambo (span.)

agitate v (shake, rock) mbokacha (s. kacha)

(stir, beat) pyvu (ai)(move) monguchu

ago av ymaguaremaa short while ago av (recently, earlier today) kokuehetea while ago av (recently) aje’i=uje’i (recent past)

agouti n (rabbit-like rodent) akutiagree v ñemomandu’a

(incline the head) ñakâity, ñemomandu’a(approve, say yes) nêi, añeí

agreed! ij japyta upeícha , añeí (pa)(I agree) aîpa de acuerdo

agreeable aj,© agrasiado (span.)

aj ( happy, rejoicing) hory

© rory (o)

agreement n (understanding) jekopytyahead av (in front of) tenonde (o)

get ahead © (prepared, triumph) yvytuirr.v ha=ho tenondeve

air n (atmosphere, environment) arapytu(breath, spirit) pytu(wind) yvytu

alien n (foreigner) otro tetâguaall av (very frequently) memete

aj opa pn opa indef. aj opavave, maymárô(every) enterove (each, any) mayma=ha’ekueteindef. pn opavave(without exception) maymáva, maymárô, enterovetéva sf pa=mba (completed past action)

that’s all av (nothing more is needed) no más (span.)

all manner of pn (in any manner) oimeháichaall right ph (O.K.) oî porâall together sf (jointly, collectively) joa

alleviate v (untie, loosen) joraallow v (leave, let, permit) heja (asp.)

almost av háimepotama (near future) (la dos potáma=almost 2 o’clock)(more or less) nunga sf nunga (causal)

(on the point of) mo’â=háimete (after a verb)

(on the point of) pota= mbota (near future) pf (lacks very little) háimete=mo’â (before verb)

really almost! av háime háimealms n tupâmba’ealone aj,© año=ño, ha’eñoaloud aj ñe’ê hatâalready sf ( just now) ma (oúma=he just came;

omombe’uma=he already said) also av avei=ave

(until, nevertheless, even) jepealthough cj jepeko, ramo jepe

av (nevertheless) ko’ýte ppv (though, even though) jepe(though) ramo jepe

although it might be so cj (in spite of) upéicharô jepe

always av tapiâte(frequently) tapia(immediately, at once, continuously) meme

as always (as usual) tapiagua, jepiguáichaamong av (in the midst of) pa’û (ahasa ava pa’ûme=I pass

among the people) ppn apytépe (pende apytépe=among you) ref.pn (between one and another) ojuehe (rehe)

an aj,pn (one, a) peteî (both number & indef. pn)

ancestors n ypykuéraand cj (but, nevertheless, because) ha

(but) katu (adversative)

anemic aj (yellow, pale) sa’yju=sayjuanew av (again) jevy=jeyanger n ñarô, pochy

v (irritate, offend) moñemyrô(make bitter) mbopy’aro (s. py’aro)

(heat, inflame) mbyaku (s. taku)

© (be bad tempered) ñarô(be angry, lose patience) pochy

with anger av pochýpeangry aj pochy

(aggressive) ñarôbe angry © py’avai

get angry v (take offense) ñemyrômake angry v mbopochy

animal n tymba (o) (tymba ka’aguy=wild animal)mymba

animate v (energize) mokyre’_ (s. kyre’_)

annoy v (bother, cause to ripen) mbyaju=mboaju (s. aju)

(roast) mbichy(offend, abuse) jahéi

anoint v (rub, massage) popichy (ai)another aj,pn,n (other, the other) ambue (indef.)

another’s aj (other people’s) ahéno (span.)

answer n (response) mbohovái (s. továi)

v (respond) mbohováiant n tahýi

(leaf-cutter) ysau, akekeant hill n takuru, hormiguero (span.)

anteater n (big) ñorumi(small & sloth) kaguare(armadillo) tatu

antique aj (former, in old times) ymáguareantiquity n (former) ymáguareanus n (bottom, lower part) tevi (o)

anxiety n py’angata, angata © ( be worked up, anxious) py’angata(worry, care, grief) angata (rehe)

any aj oimeraêva(all, each) mayma=ha’ekuete (indef. adj.)

pn (anyone) oimeraêvaany class pn oimeháichagua

anybody pn (somebody) mávaanyone pn oimeraêvaanyplace av (anyplace) mamorei

(anyway) oimehápeanything pn (something) mba’e, peteî mba’eanyway av (anyplace) mamorei

(anyway) oimehápeanywhere av (anyplace) mamorei

(anyway) oimehápeapparent aj (seeming) gua’u, gua’uguaapparently av (probably, seemingly) váicha, gua’uhápeappear v jehecha

(discover) jekuaaappearance n (face, look) tova (o)

appetite n vare’a(hunger pains) py’arasyjuruhe=py’ahe (said of a big eater)

have an appetite © py’ahe=juruhe(hungry right now) vare’a, py’arasy

applaud v jepopeteapplause n jepopeteapply v (stick to, bring near) mboja, moî

(use) poru (ai)apply oneself v ñemokyre’_, jesareko, ntende

(span.)

(learn, study) jetavy'o (s. tavy)

© kyre’_appreciate v (love, esteem) hayhu (asp)

(praise, admire) momba’e (s. mba’e)

approach v (come close) moa_ui (s. a_ui)

(approximate, bring close) roja, jaappropriate aj iporâ, ndaivairi

v (aquire, become the owner) ñemomba’e (rehe) (take possession of) ñembojáraappropriately av (as it must be, as it must) tekópe (o)

approve v (agree, say yes) nêiapproximate v (bring close, adhere, limit) ja, rojaapproximately av (more or less, about) nungaaquatic aj ypeguaarch v (double, twist) pepy (ai)

arched aj (bent, curved) karapâargue v (calumnify) takyarise v (stand up, get up, grow, develop) pu’â

arm n (front leg, handle) jyvaput one’s arms akimbo v jeku’ako

armadillo n tatu (several kinds)around av (in the vicinity of) jerére (heta mitâ chejerére=a

lot of children around me)(near) a_ui ppn (through, by a place) rupi (ñu

rupi=around the field)around here (through here, by here) árupiturn around v jere; © (spin) pyryr_i

arrange v (stick to, apply, bring near) mbojoja (repair) regla (span.)

arrival n _uahe(coming) ju

arrive v (come) ju(enter) _uahe

arrogant aj (haughty) tî’atâarrow n hu’yas av (like) guáicha (comparative)

ppn (according to) javeve(in the role of) rô, ramo(like, similar to) icha (comparison)

as always (as usual) tapiagua, jepiguáichaas if râicha, ramoguáichaas well as icha (pya’e reñani chéichaite avei=you run

as well as I do=you run as fast as I do)ascend v (go up, rise, climb) jupiashamed (be) v (timid) tîashes n tanimbu

(residue, rubble) kusugueasthmatic aj (wheezing) juku’aaside (put) v (segregate, pass over) mboyke (s. yke)

turn aside v (stray) piâ 3rd ask v (inquire, investigate) porandu

(request, implore) jerureask a favor v (engage, order, get help) jokuái

aspiration n (desire, will) tembipota (o), potaassemble v (collect) mono’ô

(meet) ñembyatyassembly n (collection) no’ô, ñembyatyastonished ©,aj (open-mouthed) jurujáiat ppn (in, on, to, for) pe=me

at dawn av ko’êtiramoat last! ij hasýpeveat what time? it.av (future) araka'e guarâat the moment av (right then) javete (s. jave)

at length av pukube at loose ends © (idle, have free time) reko reiat once av (right away) mandi (tereho mandi =Go

at once)(immediately, always, continuously) meme

(immediately, very, promptly) voi(instantly, in a moment) sapy’áite

atmosphere n (environment, air) arapytuattack v (run over, rape) rairô

v (break through, break free) ndyryattend v ( pay attention, fix on) jesareko

(listen) japysaka(understand) ntende (span.)

(consider, understand, notice) hechakuaa (s. techakuaa)

(be present) me (ai)

attractive aj (likeable, popular) kavure’iaudacious aj (brave) py’aguasuaudition n (hearing) tendu (o)

augment v (increase) ñemboheta, mboheta (s. teta)

aunt n tia=tía (span.)

author n (maker, profession) apohaauthority n (chief, president) mburuvicha, ruvichaautumn n (time when leaves drop) araroguekúi (neol.)

available (make) v moîva ichupeavarice n taryrýi

(meanness) takate'_ (o)

avaricious aj jopy, hakate'_ (o)

(piggy, avaricious, miserly) taryrýi © rakate’_ (o)

aversion n (repugnance) jeguaruavoid v ñeñangareko, jecuida (span.) (ajecuida ko mböi

gui=I avoid this snake)await (s.o.) v ñeha'arôawaken v páy

be awakened v mombáy aware (become) v (open one’s eyes) jesape’aaway av mombyry

go away! ph cherejápetake away v (carry, carry off) raha (gue)

ax n hácha (span.)

baby n mitâ’ibachelor (M or F) n soltero (span.), soltera (span.),

menda’_vaback n ape, lómo (span.)

(backbone, spine) atukupe(rear part, spine) kupe(nape of neck) atúa(rear part, part in back) takykue=tapykue

in back of av (behind) tapykuépe (o)

back of the hand n poapetoward the back av takykue gotyo (o)

back and forth n (roundtrip) idaiguelta (span.)

backbone n (back, spine) atukupebackwards av (inside out, upside down) oguývobad aj (evil) aña=ñaña

(ugly) vai(shameless) tie’_ © (be naughty) aña=ñaña

badly av,© vaibad weather n aravaibad character n (bad conduct) tekovai (o)

bad-tempered aj pire vaibe in a bad mood © (be grouchy) pire vai

bag n (sack) vosa (span.)

bald aj,© perô (span.)

bald-headed aj,© akâperô (span.)

bamboo n (cane) takuárabanana n pakovaband n (music group) banda (span.)

band together v mbyatybandage n venda (span.)

bank n (coast, shore, margin) kóta (span.) (ka’aguy kóta=edge of the forest)(edge) tembe’y($) banco (span.)

baptize v (bless, consecrate) mongaraibarbecue n (roast meat) asádo (span.)

v moka’ê (s. kaê), mbichybarbecued aj ka’ê, mbichybarbecued meat n (roast meat) so’o ka’ê

bare aj (nude) opívobarefoot aj pynandibareheaded © akâ nandi

bargain v (buy and sell) ñemubark n (skin, peel, hide) pire

(surface, skin, top, cover) apev ñaro

barrel n tambor (span.), barril (span.)

barrier n (obstacle) jokohabase n (bottom) topyta (o)

(bottom, corner) tugua (o)

baseball cap n képpi (span.)

bashful aj (shy, timid) otîvabasket n canasto (span.)

(carried by a strap) ajaka

baste v (in sewing, crochet) hembe’yvapa (s. tembe’y)

bat n mbopi (as in Dracula)bathe v jahu

bathe (s.o.) v mbojahubathroom n letrina (span.), baño (span.)

be v (live, exist) me (ai)(live, dwell, go, feel) ko (ai) (oikota=There will be)(to be, to have) me (oi) 3rd , î 3rd

irr.v (all persons) ha’e (defec.v.)

sf ko (supportive, chéko=I am..)

beach n (riverbank) y rembe’ybeak n (mouth, opening, maw) juru

(nose, snout) tîbeam n (in a roof) víga (span.)

bean n (Vigna and Phaseolus species) kumanda(Phaseolus) habilla(Vigna, cowpea) poroto común (span.)

beat v bati (span.)

(hit, strike, punish) nupâ (ai)(stir, agitate, beat eggs) pyvu (ai)(subdue, bury) jatyka

beautiful aj porâbeautify v (embellish) moporâ (s. porâ)

beauty n iporanguebecause cj (but, thus) ajeve (causal)

porke (span.)

rire (conditional past)

haguére (causal past)

(and, but, nevertheless) ha ij (additionally) chakeko ppv rupi (ipochy rupi=because he’s mad)(now that) pýpegui (causal) (a_uahêgui=because I came)

(through, by means of) rehe=re (causal)

because of ppn (through) rupi (che rupi=because of me)

because of that cj (so, in that way) upéicharô(then, afterwards) upémarô

become v jejapobed n tupa (o)

go to bed v (lie down) ñenoput to bed v moñeno (s. ñeno)

(host for the night) monge (s. ke)

bedbug n chichâbedroom n kehabee n eiru

(wasp) kávabeehive n eiretáma, colména (span.)

beeswax n araity=eiraitybeetle n lembubefore aj ange=a_e

av mboyve(recent past) kuri(formerly) yma, ymave(some time ago) are(today, a little while ago) ange=a_e(primary, first) raê (ha’e raê=him first) ppv mboyve (ake apu’â mboyve=I sleep before

I arise) ppn mboyve (ko’ê mboyve=before dawn)

before that av upemboyvelong before ppn,ppv mboyvete (superl. of mboyve)

beggar n tupamba’ejárabegin v ñepyrû

(start s.t.) moñepyrûbeginning n ñepyrû

(origin) ypyaj,© (young, new, fresh) pyahu

behind av (in the rear part) takykuéri (o)

(in back of) tapykuépe (o)

ppn kupépe (yvyra kupépe=behind a tree)

rapykuéri (o) (iñirû rapykuéri= behind his friend) (behind s.o. on a horse) apýri

belch n (vomit) gue’ê v (vomit) gue’ê, regolta (span.)

belief n (confidence, trust) jeroviabelieve v (have faith in) rovia (gue)

(think,suspect) mo’â (ai), malisia (span.)

(have faith, trust) jeroviabell n itapu

(buzzer) timple (span.)

belly n (abdomen, stomach, guts) tye (o)

belonging to sf mba’e (chemba’e=my thing) ppn (from) megua=pegua (Itaguaygua=from

Itagua)below ppn (under) guýpe (place) ( mesa guýpe=below the

table)belt n cinturón (span.)

(machinery) correa (span.)

bench n (chair) apyka, banco (span.)

bend v (lean, slope, slant) jero’a(twist, wring) poka (ai)

bent aj (curved, arched) karapâaj,© (twisted) kechê(lame) karê(twisted, falling apart) kechembâma

beside ppn (at the side of) ykérehe=ykérebeside me cheykérebeside him ijykére

best aj iporavévathat which is best © iporângue(aiporavo

iporângue=I choose what is best)

between av (in the middle of) apytépe(in the center of) mbytépe ref.pn (among) ojuehe (rehe)

beyond ppn (on the other side of) mboypýri (arrójo mboypýri=beyond the stream)

(after) rire (hóga rire=beyond his house)big aj guasu

aj,© (great, large) tuichabig lake or river n yguasubig sleeper n keranabig-nosed aj tiguasu=tinguasubig-footed ©,aj pypuku, pyguasubig-headedness n akâguasu

bill n (debt) kuénta (span.)

bind v (tie, obligate) jura(tie, fasten) apytî= ñapytî

bird n guyrabird’s nest n guyra rupa

birth n (head,origin) akâbirthday n ára mboty

(saint’s day) sánto ára (span.)

birthplace n heñoihague(hometown) válye (span.) (ivalye pýpe=in his

hometown)táva

bit n (piece, knot, lump, wart) akytâbite v (chew, masticate) su’u (ai)bitter aj ro

bitterness n py’aroblabbermouth n,aj,© kumby’_i, my’_i

© ñe’engatublack aj hûblackhead n (acne, pimple) jari’ibladder n tyryrublame v (stick to, bring near) mboja (s. ja)

bland aj (soft, tender, mature) hu’û (s. tu’û)

blaze n (flames, saliva) tendy (o)

bleed © ruguyv (remove blood) huguy’o

bless v hovasa (asp) (s. tovasa)

(baptize) mongaraiblessed aj hovasa

blind n tesatû (o)

v mohesatûaj hesatû hína (o)

blink v (close the eyes) sapymiblister n (on the skin) apiru’a

(smallpox, measles) mbiru’ablob n (bubble) kamambublock n mboty

(wedge) cuña (span.)

v (close, cap) mboty(strengthen, restrain) mopa’â (s. pa’â)

blockage n ñepa’âblocked v (be obstructed, stopped up) pa’â=ñepa’âblood n tuguy (o)

blood sausage n mbusia=morcilla (span.)

bloom © potyblossom n (open flower) yvotyjera

blossom time n (Spring) arapoty (neol.)

blow (wind) v (fan) peju (ai)blow one’s nose v ñambyvo

blue n (also green, blue-green) tovy (o)

aj hovyblue-green n (also green, blue) tovy (o)

aj hovyboa constrictor n mboijagua

(smaller boa) kurijuboard n tabla (span.)

bobtailed aj,v guevibody n tete (o)

bog n jasurubog down v jasuru

boil n (sore, ulcer, furuncle) kuruboil v pupu, jy 3rd

(boil s.t.) mbopupu, mbojyboil up v (bubble up) tororô 3rd

boiled aj mimói (mandi’o mimói=boiled cassava)bolster n (pillow) akângyta, aramboha (span.)

bone n kangue, kâboneless meat so’okuebone without meat so’okanguebone pain n (rheumatism) kanguerasy

book n livro (span.)

bore v mbokaigue, mbokuerái, monguerái(disgust, irritate) ropevy

bored aj avuri (span.)

(burned out) kaigue © (sick of something) kuerái, jy

born (be) v nase ( span.)

(germinate) heñoi (o) (s. teñoi)

irr.v (fall, topple) ha’a=’aborrow v (use, employ) poru (ai)bosom n (chest, breast) pyti’aboss n patrón (span.), (forest chicken) uruboth aj (the two) mokôivéva

(two more) mokôivebother v (interrupt) muangekói (s. angekói)

(annoy,cause to ripen) mbyaju (s. aju)

bottle n liméta (span.), botelya (span.)

bottom n (of a well, depth) tugua (o)

(base) topyta (o)

(lower part of person, anus) tevi (o)

(tail, family) tuguái (o)

(low.lying ground) bajada (span.)

bottom of a dress n (hem) aoruguáibottomless aj tugua’_

bough n (branch) takâ (o)

bounce v (jump, dance) popo=poboy n mitâkuimba'ebraid v ñopêbrain n apytu’û

bramble n (thicket, underbrush) jukeritybran n (corn dish) rorabranch n (bough) takâ (o)

(branch of a tree) yvyrarakâbrave aj (audacious) py’aguasubread n (of manioc) mbeju

(of wheat) pan (span.)

break n (rest) pytu’u v ( fracture) pê, mopê, joka(tear, rip, pull up) mondoro(ruin, disorganize) mbyai (s. ai)

(split, crack) jeka 3rd break down v jeka 3rd break through v (break free, attack) ndyrytake a break v pytu’u

breakfast n rambosa v rambosa

breaking n (tearing) sorobreast n pécho (span.)

(chest, bosom) pyti’abreath n (air, spirit) pytu

v breathe (respire) pytu © (sigh, moan, complain) pyahê

breathe hard © (gasp, pant, snore) ambudifficulty breathing v juku’a

breed v (cultivate, plant, reproduce) moñemoñabrief aj (short, concise) mbykybright aj mimbibrightness n (clarity, transparency) tesakâ (o)

brilliant aj (shiny) verabring v gueru=ru

(send for, order) mboubring near v (approach) roja

(adhere, limit) ja(stick to, blame) mboja

Bring! eru (2nd person imperative)

bring up v (raise) ñemoñabring to mind v (remember) momandu'a (s. mandu’a)

broad aj (wide) pe=py (tovape=broad face)broke ($) aj (skinned, hairless) apî=ñapî

(down to one’s last coin) sobroken aj (fragmented) kuruvi

broken-headed © akâjekabroom n typychabrother n ermáno (span.)

broth n caldo (span.)

(soup) jukysybruise n (rash, urticaria) apeno

v moapeno(injure) ñopû

bruised aj (broken) jejokabrush v jecepilla (span.)

brush one’s teeth v jejuruhéi (lit. wash mouth)bubble n kamambu

v (boil up) tororô 3rd

bucket n (pail) várte (span.), alde (span.)

bud n (shoot, sprout) toky (o)v yema (span.)

(sprout, shoot, penis) tembo (o)

© hoky (o)

remove buds v (remove shoots) hoky’obug n vícho (span.), plaga (span.)

(beetle) lembu(bedbug) chichâ

build v (make, form, construct, realize) japobuild a house v jogapo (japo+óga)

(raise a house) mopu’â ógabulky aj (enlarged, convex) chiguabull n tóro (span.)

bumblebee n mamangabump n ( protuberance,big thing) akându=kandu

(lump, swelling) gua’a

v (crash, smash) ñembotabunch n (raceme) apesâ (úva apesâ=bunch of grapes)bundle n (parcel, package) jokuapy

v (tie, fasten) jokuaburied aj yvyguy

buried (be) v (planted) ñeñot_burn n kaigue

v (torture) hapy(roast, bother) hesy (asp)

burn up v kái(get scorched) jehapy

burned aj hapy hagueburned out (be) © (bored) kaigueburnt aj kaigue, hapyhague

(dark, Negro) kambaburnished aj (smooth, groomed) apes_iburrow n (nest, den) taity (o)

(bedroom) keha(hole, cave, grave, ditch) yvykua

burst v (explode) pu, mombu(tear, rip) soro(knock apart) tumba (span.)

bury v (inter, cover with dirt) jaty(subdue, beat) jatyka

but cj péro (span.), hakatu=ikatu katu (adversative)

(because,thus, in that way) ajeve (causal)

(nevertheless, because, and) ha sf (only that, That’s it) nteko

butter n (grease, fat, oil) ñandybutterfly n (moth) panambibutton n votô (span.)

buy v jogua(trade) ñemu

buy for resale v (act as a middleman) kopia (span.) buyer n joguaha, ojoguávabuzzard n (vulture) yryvubuzzer n (bell) timple (span.)

by av (near) a_ui ppn (through, with, against) re=rehe(through, around) rupi (ñu rupi=through

the field)by means of ppv (because, through) rehe (causal)

by here av (through here, around here) árupicabbage n (collards) tajaocackle (hen) v kokorecadaver n (corpse) te’ongue (semi-o), omanovacalf n vakara’y (span.)

call v henói (s. tenói)

called (is) © (is named) héra (o) (s. téra)

calling n (vocation) ñehenóicallus n (wart, corn) kytâ

(blister) piru’acalmness n,© ( tranquility, reflection) akâguapy

calm down v (rain,wind,fever) pi 3rd

calumnify v (argue) takycan n (tin) láta (span.)

© (be possible, able to) katucandle n (light) tataindy (o)

cane n (bamboo) takuáracantaloupe n (melon) merô (span.)

cap n (baseball) képpi (span.)

(cover) mbotyhav (cover,wrap) jaho’i=aho’i(shelter, cover) mama (ai)(close, block) mboty (s. (ai)ty)

capable aj (competent, powerful, rich) hekove(intelligent, active) ha’eve

capon n kapô (span.)

capricious aj (unpredictable, hairsplitting) ambu’acapture v (tie, chain) mosâ (s. sâ)

(take, seize) javo’o

capybara n (dog-sized South American rodent) kapi’ivacar n kóche (span.)

Caracara n (hawk, vulture) karakaracare n,© (worry, grief, anxiety) angata (rehe)

be careful v jererekocare for v (watch over, guard, protect) ñangareko

(maintain, support) jererekotake care of v (live) kove (ai)

careful! ij cháke, háke, guépacarefully av ñangarekohápecaress n (endearment) chichî

v (snuggle up) chichî(pet) havi’u(pamper) mochichi(hit, stroke, pet) pete (ai)

carry v (take away, carry off) gueraha=raha(transport) roja (gue)

carry out v (finish, complete) japopa (japo+pa)

cart (ox) n carréta (span.)

case n (pod, receptacle, container, sheath) tyru (o)

cassava n (manioc) mandi’ocastor bean n tártago (span.), mbaysyvocat n mbarakaja=chivi

big cat n (jaguar) jaguaretewildcat n jaguarete’i, eira

catch v jagarra (span.)

(hold, sustain, stop) joko (apoi la pelota ha ha’e ojoko=I throw the ball and she catches it)

(grasp, take, fornicate) pyhy=japyhy (ai)catch up v (reach, obtain) hupity=hupyty

cave n (cavern, grotto) itakua(hole, grave, burrow, ditch) yvykua(hole, orifice) kuára=kua

cavern n (cave, grotto) itakua(hole, orifice) kuára=kua(hole, grave, burrow, ditch) yvykua

cease v (end, finish, be gone) pacede v (give, present, deliver) me’êcelebrate v (sing together) ropurahéicenter n (middle, half) mbyte

(middle part) apyte(marrow, heartwood) pytere(navel, middle) puru’â (naranja puru’â=navel

orange)from the center av apytékue

centipede n (millipede, pillbug) ambu’acertain ij (really) añetecertainly av (really) añeí

(surely) seguro (span.)

ij (really) añeí (pa)(true, really, yes, sure, it is) aje

chain n satâ (sâ+hatâ), cadena (span.)

(rope, cord) sâv (tie, capture) mosâ (s. sâ)

chair n sílya (span.)

(bench) apykachange n (money) pláta sa'i, sencillo (span.)

tekovia v (substitute, replace) mbyekovia

change site v (move around) avacharacter n (nature) teko (o)

bad character n (bad conduct) tekovai (o)

good character ©,n lája porâ (span)

of good character aj hekomarangatu porâcharcoal fire n tatapýicharity n (love) tayhu (o)

chase v (make run) muñachat n (talk,converse) ñemoñe’ê

(dialog, conversation) ñemongetachatterbox n,aj my’_i

n,aj,© ñe’engatu, kumby’_ichayote n chuchu , papa del aire (span.)

cheap aj ( not expensive) ndahepýicheat v (deceive) mbotavy (s. tavy)

(give badly, give short weight) me’êvaicheek n ovayke (hova+yke)

cheer v (applaud) jepopetecheer up v (liven up oneself) ñemborari

(esteem, toast) rohorycheese n kesu (span.)

chest n (breast, bosom) pyti’a(trunk) karameguâ

chew v (bite, masticate) su’u (ai)(ruminate) mindu’u(reflect on, ruminate, gnaw) ñamindu’u

chicken n ryguasuchick n ryguasu ra’ychicken feathers n ryguasu raguechicken pox n mbiru’a tavychicken house n ryguasu keha

chief n (president, superior, head) tuvicha (o)

(president, authority) mburuvichachigger n tû, píke (span.)

take out a chigger v tû’o (ai)child n (0-4 yrs., small) mitâ’i

(5-12 yrs.) mitâ(male or female c. of a mother) memby aj mitâ © mitâ, memby

childbirth n párto (span.)

childish aj,© mitâ(senile) kaluka (span.)

chill v (refrigerate) moho’ysâchilled Paraguayan tea n,v terere

chilliness n (cold, cool, coldness) to’ysâ (o)

chills n (shivering) pirîchin n tañykâ (o)

chirp v (scream, shriek) chiâ(cricket noise, squawk, rattle) chini 3rd

choke v jahoga (span.), (strangle) juvychoke on s.t. © ahy’opa’â

(gag, cough) pyt_choose v (select) poravo (ai) chop v (fell) ty (ai)

(cut in pieces) mongu’iChristian n (person) kristiâno (span.)

church n tupaochurlish aj (“creep”, undisciplined) kachiâicider n síra (span.)

clarify v (explain) muesakâ=myesakâ (s. sakâ)

clarity n (brightness, transparency) tesakâ (o)

clasp n (embrace, hug) ñañuâ=ñañuva v (embrace, hug) añuâ= ñañuâ=ñañuva=añuva

class n kláse (span.)

(conduct) lája (span.)

classroom (school, lesson) mbo’eha (neol.)

claw n (fingernail, hoof) pyapêclay n ñai’û=ñay’û

(mud, rot) tujuclean aj,© potî

v (remove dirt) jare’o, mopotî(scrub, rinse) johýi(wash, delouse the hair) ñakâky’o(scrape, i.e. cassava) popî

clear aj (evident) hesakâ (o) (s. tesakâ)

(crystalline) satî v (calm down as rain,wind, or fever) pi 3rd

clear up v (open out,spread as weather) jepe’a 3rd,

jeavri (span.)

cleave v (crack, split) jokaclever aj (valiant, able, useful, worthwhile) vale (span.),

akâporâclimb v (ascend, go up, rise) jupi

clog n (block) ñepa’âv (block) pa’â

clogged aj pa’âclose av (near) a_ui

come close to v (approach) moa_uiclose v (block, cap) mboty (s. (ai)ty)

closed aj mboty, pa’âclosed in v (imprisoned) ñembotyclose the eyes v (cover the eyes) hesamo’â

cloth n tela (span.)

cotton cloth (woven in Carapegua) n poyviclothing n (dress) ao

torn clothing n (repairable) aosorocloud n arai

(cloudy weather) araicloudy (it’s) ijaraicloud of dust n yvyku’i timbo, yvytimbo

cloudburst n (downpour) ama sapy’a, aguaséro (span.)

clown n (fool) tavyclump n (clod) akytâclumsy aj (mispronounces language) kumbe

(indolent, fainting) pituva=pituacluster n (bunch) apesâcoagulate v (curdle) mbohypy’a (s. typy’a)

coast n (shore, bank) kóta (span.) (ka’aguy kóta=edge of the forest)

(water’s edge) ytembe’ycoati n kuatîcockroach n taravecoco palm n mbokaja, cocotero (span.), pindo

coconut tree trunk n mbokaja yguecold aj ro’ysâ (o), ro’y (o); © ro’y (o)

cold weather n (winter) araro’ycoldness n (coolness, chilliness) to’ysâ (o)

collect v (meet, unite, gather) mbyaty=mboaty (s. aty)

(harvest, pick up) mono'ô(assemble) no’ô 3rd

collection n (assembly) no’o, aty sf (grouping, planting) ty=ndy (avitity=

cornfield)collectively sf (jointly, all together) joacolor v pinta (span.)

color red v mopytâ (s. pytâ)

colorado party n kolo’o (span.)

comb n kygua; v ñakârai=ñakâkarâicombine v (join, gather) mono’ô, mbyatycome irr.v ju

I come ajuhe comes (she comes, they come) ouwe come jaju (incl.), roju (excl.)you come reju (sing.),peju (pl.)

Come in! eguahêkeCome! eju (2nd person imperative)come out v (leave, exit) sêcome out well ph (give a good result) osê porâcome loose v (move away) jei (gui)

(get loose) socome together v (meet, answer a call) ko’i 3rd pl

coming n jucommon n tapiagua

aj (as usual, as always) tapiagua(rustic, ignorant) arriéro

common man n arriéro (span: muleskinner)

communicate v (speak) ñe’ê(teach, let know) kuaauka (ai)

companion n (mate) irûcompare v joguacompassion n (pity) poriahuverekocompensate v (replace, pay) mbohekovia= mbuekovia

(s. tekovia)

(thank) poepy (ai)competent aj (capable, powerful, rich) hekove

complain v (make noise) lala=gualala © plageona (span.)

(moan, breathe) pyahê(weep) rasê (o)

complaint n ( sigh) pyahêcomplaining aj,© plageona (span.), (whimpering, miserly) chi’ôcomplete v (perfect) japopa

sf (finished, all, action completed) pa=mbacompletely av (totally) katueteconcerning av (referring to, about) rehe=re (kérarehe=about sleep)

concerning many things av heta mba’ereconcise aj (short, brief) mbykyconclusion n (limit, end) pahague, pahacondition n (nature, conduct, disposition) teko (o)

conduct n (nature, condition, disposition) teko (o)

(obligation, occupation) tekorâ (o)

(class) lája (span.)

bad character n (bad conduct) tekovai (o)

confidence n (trust) jerovia v (have faith, trust,believe) jerovia

lack confidence in v (be suspicious, distrust) jepoyhu (chugui)confront v jovái 3rd

confuse v (embarrass) picha confused (be) v (be embroiled ) javo’ói

confusion v (tangle, mess) javo’ói(muddle) kaguyjy, mazamorra (span.)

(disorientation) py’atarovañehunga

congealed aj (curdled, frozen) hypy’a (o), typy’aconnect v (unite, join) mbojuapy, mbojoapyconsecrate v (baptize, bless) mongaraiconserve n (marmalade, sweet) mermelada (span.),

kosereva (span.)

consider v (note, attend) hechakuaa (s. techakuaa)

(fix on, have just seen) hecharamo (s. techaramo)

construct v (make, do, form, fabricate) japo=apo consult v porandu, consulta (span.)

contain v (have, possess) reko (gue)

container n (pod, case, receptacle, sheath) tyru (o), ryru

(shopping bag) mba’yru=mba’eryru(salt shaker) jukyryru

contaminate v (dirty) mongy’acontemporary aj (of the same age group) javegua

(of this time) agâguacontemptible aj,© (low, mean, thieving) pokovi

(naughty, bad) aña=ñañacontinuously av (immediately, at once, always) memecontract n (promise) ñe’ême’êcontrol n poguy (lit:under the hand), pogui (lit:in the hand)

v (rein in) juruka(direct, make walk) mboguata(direct, lead, rein in) sambyhy (ai)

convalescence n (recovery) py’atâconversation n (dialog) ñemongetaconverse v (woo, court) mongeta

(chat) ñemongetaconvex aj (bulky, enlarged) chiguacook n (servant ) pokyra (lit: greasy hand)

(grandmother, housewife) machu v mbojy(cooking, boiling) jy 3rd, kosina (span.)

cooked aj,© (strong, resistant) jycool n to’ysâ (o)

aj,© ro’y (o), ro’ysâ (o), piro’yv (refrigerate) moho’ysâ

it’s cool © ho’ysâ (o)

cooperate v (help each other by turns) minga (span.)

cooperation n minga (span.)

coordinate v moñemoirûcoppice v (prune top of tree) hu’â’o (asp.)

copy v copia (span.)

coral snake n mboichumbecord n,© (rope, chain) sâcore n (seed, kernel, germ, pip, semen) ta’_i (o)

corn n (wart, callus) kytâcorn n (maize) avati

corncob n kâcornfield n avatitycornsilk n atîyoung field corn n avatiky=choclo

corn flour or meal n hu’itîcorn bran n roracorner n ekína (span.)

(base) tugua (o)

corpse n (cadaver) tetekue (o), omanóvate’ongue (semi-o)

corral n kora (span.)

v (fence in) ñamacorrect v (adjust, put together) myatyrô

(cure, remedy, treat) pohanô (ai) © (fit, have room, be feasible) ja

correctly av (in a very proper way, as you should) hekopete

guess correctly v japi porâcorrupt v (spoil) mbohekovai (s. tekovai)

cost n (price, dearness) tepy (o)

cotton n mandyjucotton cloth (woven in Carapegua) n poyvicotton field mandyjuty

cough n,© hu’u, tu’u © (gag, choke) pyt_

could be v (will be possible) ikatuta, mora’ecount v (enumerate) papa (ai)country n (nation, homeland) tetâ (o)

countryfolk n okaraygua, okarapeguacountryside n campaña (span.)

(field) ñu(yard) okára

in the countryside av (outside) okápecourage n py’aguasucourageous aj (brave, audacious) py’aguasucourt v (converse, woo) mongetacousin n (friend) lopicover n (poncho, scarf) ahoja

(surface, skin, bark, top) ape v (shelter) mama (ai)(shelter, defend, embrace) ñuâ=ñuvâ(cap, wrap) jaho’i=aho’i(shade, hide) mo’â(hide) mokañy (s. kañy)

(hide, rob) ñomicover with dirt v (bury, inter) jatyhead covering n (scarf, sombrero) akâhoja

cow n vaka (span.)

cow horn vakaratîcowhide (leather) vakapicow liver n (entrails, lungs) py’akue

coward (be a) © ipy’amirî, ipy’amandyju, py’ajucowardice n,© teko py’amirîcowardly (be) ©,aj (timid, fearful) py’amirîcrack n (split) tiri

v (shatter, flash) tiri(cleave, split) joka(split, break) jeka 3rd

cracked aj jekacrackle v (resonate) chararâ

(creak, squeak) chy’_icracklings n chicharô (span.)

cramp n apa=apaite, japa(itch, ache, paint) jehý

v jehýi 3rd

(double in pain) mokuruchî (s. kuruchî)

be tired, cramped © apa=apaitecramped aj (crippled) apa=apaite

crash v (bump oneself, smash) ñembotacraw n (goiter, maw) ju’áicrawl v poñy

crawling av (on all fours) opóvocrazy aj,n (demented, lunatic) tarova

half crazy aj (lightheaded, dizzy) akâtavydrive crazy v mbotarova (s. tarova), manehâ itavy

(span.)

creak v (squeak, crackle) chy’_icreek n (river, running water) ysyrycrest n (earring, hoop, c. on birds) namichâi=mamichâicrippled aj apa=apaitecrocodile n jakarecrooked aj (bent, twisted) karêcrop n (planting, sowing) ñemit_

(planting) temit_v (sow) ñemit_

cross n kurusu (span.)

cross oneself v jovasa=jehovasa (span.) (make the sign of

the cross)

crosscheck v (verify) ma’ê porâ, hecha añetepacrotch n (of a person) takambycrowd n (throng, many) teta (o)

v (grasp tightly, oppress) jopycrown n (top, summit, cusp, zenith) tu’â (o)

crow n (raven, vulture) yryvu, cuérvo (really vultures)

(rooster crow) tokoro’o v tokoro’o

cruel aj,© (hardhearted) py’ahatâcrumble © (go to pieces) aku’i 3rd

(divide in small pieces) mbo’icrumbled aj (small, insignificant) sa’i

( in tiny pieces) ku’i chochôcrush v (pound, grind) joso, mongu’i, hungacry n tasê (o)

(shout) sapukái v (weep, lament) jahe'o © (weep, complain) rasê (o)

cry without cause aj,© rasêguy=tasêngy (o)

make cry v myasê=muasêcrying aj hasê (o)

crystalline aj (clear) satîcuckold n (one with horns) akâratîcultivate v (breed, plant, reproduce) moñemoña

cultivated aj ñañotyhacurdle v (coagulate) mbohypy’a

curdled aj (congealed, frozen) hypy'a (o)

© rypy’a (o)

cure v (remedy, treat, correct) pohanô (ai)curly aj (kinky) picha’î

(wavy, undulant) apopêcurrent n (flow, running water, liquid) syrycurved aj (arched, bent) karapâcusp n (top, summit, crown, zenith) tu’â (o)

custom n (habit) jepokuaacustomarily sf (usually) va (habitual action)

cut n (wound) erída (span.)

v (reap) kytî (ai)cut back v momichî, moñyñýicut grass with a machete v kopicut hair v (shear, prune, mow, skin, peel) ñapî=apîcut in small pieces v kytî sa'icut off branches v hakâ’o=hakâ’i’o (s. takâ)

cut off the roots v hapo’o (s. tapo)

cut oneself v (get loose, come undone) socut one’s hair v (peel off) ñeñapicut with a machete v hachea

damage n mbuai=mbyai

v ( break, destroy, ruin, disorganize) mbyaidamp aj (moist, wet) ak_, he’ôdance n jerokyha, jeroky

v jeroky, (jump, bounce) popo=podance music n kyre’_

dandruff n apiku’iremove dandruff v apiku’i’o

danger n pelígro (span.)

(hazard, risk) kyhyjehañembokyhyje

dangerous aj kyhyje me’êha (lit:that which causes fear of

danger), peligróso (span.)

it’s very dangerous aj ipeligrósoterei daring aj,© rova atâ (o), py’aguasudark aj ypytû

(Negro, burned) kambabe dark v pytûbe in the dark © ypytû

(doubtful) kañydark person n (Negro) kambadarken v (obscure) mopytû

darkness n pytû, (without light) ypytûdate n fecha (span.), ára

(day of month) jasy áradaub v (smear) ñemonadaughter n (of a woman) memby (che memby=my

daughter) (says the mother)

(of a man) rajy (che rajy=my daughter) (says the father)

(of a man in 3rd person) tajýra (Pedro tajýra=Pedro’s daughter)

dawn n ko’êko’êti (just before first light)

ko’êju (right at daybreak)

ko’êre (right after dawn)

start the day © ko’êday n dia (span.)

(this day) árakue(period, weather, sky) ára

day after day ko’êreday after tomorrow ko’eambueramoday and night ára ha pyhareday before yesterday kuehe ambuethe other day n,av kokuehethis day n tedía (span.)

dead n,aj (departed person) amyr_ideafness n apysa’_deal with v (trade) ñemu

deal fairly with v reko porâdeal poorly with v reko vai

dear one (loved one) n (salt, grace) juky aj (friendly) juky

dearness n (price, cost) tepy (o)

death n te’ô, manodebark v (peel, skin) haryvo

(nibble) pe’o (ai) (peel) piro (ai)

debilitate v (weaken) mokangy (s. kangy)

debt n (bill) kuénta (span.)

decapitate v (slaughter) ñakâ’o (lit: remove the head)

decay n (mud, rot) tujuv mbotuju

deceit n (trap) ñuhâdeceitful aj,© japu, mbotavyha

deceive v (cheat) mbotavy (s. tavy)

(give short weight) me’êvai (disappoint, frustrate ) momarâ

deceived (be) v (make a fool of oneself) ñembotavydecomposed aj itujúmadecomposition n (gaminess--but edible) ta’o (o)

deep aj,© pypuku (s. depth)

deepen v mbohypy, mbopypukudeer n,aj guasudefecate v kaka; © (fail) poti, tepotidefect n (stain, impurity) marâdefective aj marâ, me_uadefend v (cover, shelter, embrace) ñuâ=ñuvâ

(cover, shelter) mo’â(save, liberate) pysyrô (ai)

defoliate v mohogue’odeformed aj (twisted) kucha’â

(paralytic) ñepâdehorn v (remove thorns or horns) hatî’ôdehydrate v (shrink) ñyñýidejection n (depression) tindy

dejected © (be crestfallen, depressed) tindydelay © (be late) aredelegate n (one who is sent) temimondo (o)

delicious aj (savory, tasty, flavorful) he aj,© (rich) ríko (span.)

utterly delicious aj (very tasty) heterei (la rejapova heterei=that which you made is very tasty)

deliver v (give, present, cede) me’êdelouse v ky’o (ai)

delouse oneself v jekyvudemand n jerure atâ

v jerure atâdemanding (be) v (willful, affected, spoiled) ñembohekodemented aj (crazy, lunatic) tarovademon n (devil) aña=ñañademonstrate v (show, indicate) hechaka=hechaukaden n (nest, burrow) taity (o)

denounce v (tell, advise, narrate) mombe'udense aj (thick, obscure) ypyt’ûdeny v (disapprove, shake the head) ñakâmbovava

( frustrate, deceive) v momarâdeny strongly © morrenega (span.)

departed aj (dead person) amyr_ideparture n (going) ho, sê, ñesêdepart irr.v (go) ho=ha

v (leave) sêdeplore v (feel, regret, lament, mourn) mbyasydeport v (expel, fire, discharge, put out) mosê (s. sê)

deposit v ñongatukadepression n (dejection) tindy

depressed aj,© (downhearted) tindydepth n typy (o)

(bottom, i.e. of well) tugua (o)

descend v (get off, lose weight) guejydescendant n ñemoñaredesire n pota

(aspiration, will) tembipota (o)

v pota (ai) (2nd verb has other subj.)

sf (want to) se (2nd verb has same subj)

(long to see) nga’u=ga’u (rohechaga’u= I long to see you)

heart’s desire n py’apotathing desired n hayhupyrâ

despise v (hate, abhore) hayhu’_© py’arê, py’aro

despite cj (although it might be so) upéicharô jepedestroy v (ruin, damage) mbuai=mbyai (s. ai)

destructive aj (harmful) kose (of animals)

destruction n mbyaidetach v (shake oneself, work loose) jetyvyrodetermined aj (enthusiastic, enamoured) akârakudevelop v (train, educate) mongakuaa (s. kakuaa)

(get up, come upright, grow) pu’â (plants & animals)

developed aj kakuaadevil n (demon) aña=ñaña

(child of the devil) añamemby

devilish aj (naughty, bad, contemptible) aña=ñaña puérco (span.), akâhatâ

devour v (gulp) mokomokôdew n ysapydeworm v haso’o (s. taso)

dialog n (conversation) ñemongetav (converse, chat) ñemongeta

diaphanous aj (sheer, transparent) sakâ (s. tesakâ)

diarrhea (have) v (flow) chivivi 3rd

die v mano(expire) jehekýi(die away, go out) gue

differ v (be distinguishable) juavydifferent aj joavy=juavy

sf ikoedifferent (be) v (differ) koe (oi) (gui)

difficult aj hasy(it’s difficult) hasy

difficulty n (predicament) karaguataty(mudhole) karugua

with difficulty av (finally) hasýpedifficulty breathing v juku’a

dig v (make a hole, plow) jo’odig in one’s heels v (resist) jepytaso

diligent aj,© (hardworking) guápo (span.)

(active, optimistic) kyre’_din n (uproar) ayvudine v cena (span.)

dining room n karuhadip v (insert) mongu’edirect v (guide, drive) sambyhy (ai)dirt n (filth) ky’a

dirt clod n yvy akytâdirty aj ky’a, jare

v (dishonor) mongy’aget dirty v ñemongy’a

disagreeable aj (unpleasant, not likeable) santoro (span.)

disappear v (get lost) ñehundi (span.)

disapprove v (deny, shake the head) ñakâmbovavadiscard v (throw) mombo

discarded (be) v (thrown away) jeitydischarge v (fire) mosê (che mosê che mba’apohagui=I

was fired from my job)discipline v (punish) haviradiscomfort n (worry) angekói, (unease, sadness) vy’a’_

uncomfortable aj (uneasy) vy’a’_discover v (appear) jekuaadish n (food, meal, provisions, supplies) tembi’u (o)

(food, something to eat) hi’upydishonest aj tajasudishonor v (dirty) mongy’a (s. ky’a)

dislocate bone (or joint) © karáudisorder n sarambi, mbyai

(mob, rabble, revolution) guyryry © (be scattered) sarambi 3rd

disordered aj (scattered) sarambidisorientation n (confusion) py’atarovadisorganize v (break, ruin, damage) mbyaidisposition n (nature, conduct, condition) teko (o)

good character ©,n lája porâ (span)

bad character n (bad conduct) tekovai (o)

bad-tempered aj pire vaidisrespectful (be) v (lose all sense of shame) ñemotie’_dissolute n,aj (idle) tekorei (o)

distance n mombyrydistant aj mombyry

distant thunder and lightning v oguyguypadistinguishable (be) v (differ) juavydistress n (discomfort, sadness) vy’a’_distrust n (suspicion) jepoyhu

v jepoyhu, (fear of danger) kyhyje (gui)

disturbed (be) © (itch) pijohaditch n (water channel) sánja (span.)

(hole, cave, grave, burrow) yvykuadive v (submerge in water) ñapymidivide v (part, slice) mbovo

(split) mboja’o (s. ja’o)

(split up, tear to pieces) pehe’a (ai)divide in small pieces v (crumble) mbo’i

aj sa’i sa’idivulge secrets v (gossip) moherakuâ (s. terakuâ)

(scatter, spread, hang) muasâi=myasâi (s. asâi)

dizzy aj (lightheaded, half crazy) akâtavydizzy (be) © akâguyry, akâjere

(lightheaded) akânga’udizzyness n (nausea) akâjeredo v (make, form, fabricate, construct) apo=japo

do poorly v (do badly) japovai (rehe) 3rd

have something done (by someone) v japoukadoctor n doytor (span.), médico (span.), pohanoháradog n jagua

female dog n (bitch) jaguakuñadomicile n (house, home) óga (semi-o)

donor n me’êhaDon’t pf ani (negative imperative)

Don’t be like that! ph ani upéichaDon’t lie! ph ani nde japútei

door n okê, (entrance) jeikeha=jeikeinstall a door v mbohokê (s. okê)

dotard (be a) v ( be childish, senile) kalukadouble aj joyvy

(twin) pekôi, kôi av (in tandem) joyvy v (twist, arch) pepy (ai) sf (twin) kôi

doubled aj (stacked) jo’adouble in pain v (cramp) mokuruchî (s. kuruchî)

doubtful (be) © (be in the dark) kañydown n (soft hair) tagueky (o)

(fuzz, plush) taviju (o)

downpour n (sudden shower) aguasero (span.)

(cloudburst) ama sapy’adrag v tyryry, (pull) mbotyryrydragonfly n ñahatîdraindrain the dregs v huguare’o (o)

dream n (fantasy, ideal, utopia) kerapotydregs n tuguare (o)

dress n vestido (span.) v (put on) monde

get dressed v ñemondedress up v (make o.s. elegant) ñembokate (s.

kate) (neol.)

dressmaker n (tailor) aoapoha=aojapohadribble n (drop) tyky

v (drip, trickle) tyky (tyky) 3rd

dried aj kâdrink n (water holder) yguadrink irr.v (eat) u=ha’u (s. eat)

drink water irr.v y’u=hay’uI drink hay’uhe drinks (she drinks, they drink) hoy’uwe drink jay’u (incl.), roy’u (excl.)

you drink rey’u (sing.), pey’u (pl.)

drink chilled Paraguayan tea v tereredrip v (dribble, trickle) tyky (tyky) 3rd

drive v (a car) manehâ (span.)

drive crazy v mbotarova (s. tarova), manehâ itavy (span.)

drizzle n amandayvi, hayvi(with wind) hayvi veve© (raining lightly) hayvi(with wind) hayvi veve

drizzling (it’s) © hayviru’idrop n (dribble) tykydrought n sekía (span.)

(no water) y’_drown v ahoga (span.)

drowned (it’s over) ahogapa (span.)

drunk n,aj ka’u be a drunk © ka’uget drunk v ka’u

(be stupefied, get sick) monga’udry aj ypi, piru

(exhausted) hypa (o)

(dried) kâ v (exhaust, finish) mbohypa (s. hypa--typa is rare)

be dry © ypi(thin) piru

it’s dry v hypa (o)

dry off v (dry out) ñemokâdry up v (wither, get skinny) mbopiru (s. piru)

© raviru (o)

duck n (as in ‘quack’) ypev (drop evasively) javyvy, ñakâity

durable aj (resistent) hosâduring ppn jave (araro’y jave=during the winter)

(past or separated) kue=ngue (pyharekue= during the night) (arakue= during the day)

vove, aja ( arahaku aja=during summer)during the entire time ppv (while) javeve

dusk n ka’arupytûdust n yvytimbodwarf n (midget) karape’i

aj karape, enano (span.)

dwell v (live, go, be, feel) ko (ai)each aj (any, all) mayma=ha’ekuete (indef. adj.)

eagle n (hawk, falcon) taguatoear n (middle and inner) apysa

(external) nambiearly av voi

early stage n (beginning) ñepyrûearring n (hoop, crest on birds) namichâi=mamichâiearth n (ground, world) yvy

on this earth (in all the world) ko’arapýpeearthquake n yvyryrýieast n (sunrise) kuarahyresêeasily av hasy’_meeasy aj (it’s not hard) ndahasýi, hasy’_eat (or drink) irr.v (specific items except water) u=ha’u

(eat in general) karu(gnaw, nibble at) ñapi’û

I eat ha’u; I don’t eat nda’úihe eats (she eats, they eat) ho’uwe eat ja’u (incl.), ro’u (excl.)

you eat re’u (sing.), pe’u (pl.)

something to eat n (food, dish) hi’upyeat like a pig © karukureeat one’s fill v (gulp) japaso

eave n (of a house) ógapepoeden n (paradise) vy’araityedge n,© (lip, limit) tembe’y (o)

edge of the world n (horizon) ára pahaeducate v (develop, train) mongakuaa (s. kakuaa)

hekombo’eeducation n tekombo’e (o)

effort n ñeha’âmbaeffort (make an) v (try hard, exert oneself) ña’âegg n tupi’a (o)

egg white n ay, pytângueeither pn (any) oimeraêvaelastic aj (flexible, agile) sambo (span.)

elbow n jyvanga, codo (span.)

electrical wiring n (fence) alambrádoelegant aj (luxurious) kate (neol.)

make oneself elegant v (dress up) ñembokate (neol.)

elevate v (lift) hupi=mopu’â (asp)

elusive aj (untamed, rough, indomitable) sagua’aembarrass v (confuse) picha

embarrassed (be) v (shy) tîembellish v (beautify) moporâ (s. porâ)

embitter v (anger) mbopy’aro (s. py’aro)

embrace v (clasp, hug) añuâ= ñañuâ=ñañuva=añuvaembroiled (be) v javo’óiemergency n mba’e pya’e, urgencia (span.)

employ v (hire) mohembiapo (s. tembiapo)

(use, borrow) poru (ai)employed v ( be occupied, tied up) jejokuái

employee n (servant) tembiguái (o)

empty aj (naked, loose, free, uncovered) nandi v monandi, (spill, pour) hykuavo=hekuavo

enable v (put, train, qualify) moîenamored aj (enthusiastic, determined) akârakuencounter n topa (span.)

v (find, meet) juhu=johu, topa(one another) jojuhu

encourage v (animate) mokyre’_end n opa

(limit, conclusion) pahague, pahapn,aj (all) opav (cease, finish, be gone) pa, opa

endearment n (caress) chichîendurance n (heel) pyta endure v (stay, remain, stop) pyta

(resist) jepytasoenergize v (animate) mokyre’_ (s. kyre’_)

engage v (order, ask a favor, get help) jokuáienjoy v (spin) povâ (ai)enlarge v (extend, unfold, stretch, open) pyso (ai)

enlarged aj (bulky, convex) chiguaenormous aj (huge, fantastic) poro’oenough av (is sufficient) ovaléma

(That’s enough) iporâmaEnough! ij ha’evemanot have enough v (lack) vata=ata (span.)

nothing more is needed av (that’s all) no más (span.)

entanglement n (mess, muddle, trap) apañuâi=apajuâienter v ke (ai)enthusiasm n (heat, warmth, libido) taku (o)

n,© (passion) akârakuenthusiastic aj (determined, enamoured) akâraku

make enthusiastic v moakârakuentrails n (cow liver, lungs) py’akue

(heart, head, thought, purpose) ñe’â, py’aentrance n (door) jeikeha=jeikeenumerate v (count) papa (ai)environment n (air, atmosphere) arapytuequal n joguaha

(partner) javeve aj (like, level, even, flat) joja, javeve v (resemble) joja

equal (it’s) ph ojojathey are equal ph (not different) ndojuavýi

equality n (justice) tekojoja, jojaequalize v (unify) mbojojaequally av joja

(likewise, the same) peteîchaerase v (wipe) mboje’o (s. je’o)

err v (make a mistake) jeavy=javyerror n mba’e javy, mba’eavyescape v (get free) jehekýi

(get loose, untied) jeraesteem v (toast, cheer up) rohory

(love, appreciate) hayhu (asp)

et cetera ph (concerning many things) ha mba'eeven aj (equal, like, level, flat) joja

(smooth) fino (span.)

av (equally, uniformly) joja(until, nevertheless, also) jepe

even out v mbojojaevening n (night) pyhare

evening party n (overnight visit) veládaevent n (happening) tembiasaevery aj (all) enterove, opavaveevery day av (each day) ko’êko’êreevery one pn maymáva

(all, without exception) maymárô everybody pn toda (span.), enterovévaeveryday aj (normal, common) tapiaguaeveryone pn (everything) opavave, toda (span.)

(each) ha’ekuete=maymaeverything pn (everyone) opavaveeverywhere av opárupi

(from here to there) ápe ha pépeevident aj (clear) hesakâ (o) (s. tesakâ)

That is evident ph hesakâite pévaevil aj,© (bad) ñañaexactly where av moôiteexcellent aj iporâiterei

this food is excellent ph hete la tembi’uexcess n (remainder, residue) tembyre (o) (past)

excessive aj dema (span.)

sf iterei, etereiexchange n (trade) ñemu

we exchange ideas v ña ñomongeta we meet (each other) v ña ñuvaitîexcrete © (defecate) poti, tepotiexcrement n tekaka (o) poti, tepotiexcuse me ph (pardon me) chedikúlpe me (span.)

exemplary aj (admirable) techapyrâexercise v (stretch oneself, activate) jetepysoexert © ku’i

exert oneself v (try hard, make an effort) ña’â(strive) ñepia’â

exhaust v (finish, dry) mbohypa (s. hypa--typa is rare)

exhausted aj (dry) hypa (o)

exist v (live, be) me (ai), ko (ai)exit v (leave, come out) sêexonerate v (relieve, substitute) pyru (ai)expect v (wait for) ha’aroexpel v (put out, fire, discharge, deport) mosê (s. sê)

expelled v ñemosêexpensive aj hepy (o) (s. tepy)

make expensive v mbohepyexpert aj,© (wise, sensible) aranduexpire v (die) jehekýiexplain v (clarify) muesakâ=myesakâ (s. sakâ)

explode v (shoot, float) kapu(burst) pu, mombu

express v (milk, squeeze) ñamiextend v (enlarge, unfold, stretch) pyso (ai)

(volunteer, present, offer) ñekuave’êexterminate v (finish, terminate) momba (s. pa)

exterior n okapeguaextinguish v (put out) mbogue (s. gue)

extol v (praise extravagantly) momba’eguasuexteract v (remove) hekýiextreme n (point, tip, beginning) apy

(point, limit, end) apýraeye n (grain, sight) tesa (o)

good eyesight n (vista, panorama) tesapyso (o)

close the eyes (blink) n sapymihalf close the eyes v sapy

eyebrow n tyvytaeyelash n topea (o), tesarague (o)

fabricate v (make, do, form, construct) japo=apoface n (look, appearance) tova (o)

face down av tovayvávoface up av tovapývo

wash one’s face v jovahéifacing av (in front of ) továi (o)

ppn (across from a place or person) rovái (o)

fact n ijapopafade v (wash out, wash off) je’o 3rd

(erase) mboje’o (s. je’o)

fail ©,n (defecate) poti, tepotifail to perform v (spoil, upset, worsen) haru without fail av (of course, infallibly) katuete

faint n py’amano, manorei v manorei

fainting aj (indolent, clumsy) pituva=pituafair aj (light-complected) rubio (span.)

falcon n (hawk, small eagle) taguatofall irr.v (topple) ha’a=’a

v (be overturned, be upset) japaro(loosen, lose one’s spot) kúi=kukú© (slip) pyi

I fall ha’a; I don’t fall nda’áihe falls (she falls, they fall) ho’awe fall ja’a (incl.), ro’a (excl.)

you fall re’a (sing.), pe’a (pl.)

falling apart v (twisted, bent) kechêmbâmafallen aj kúi=kukúifalse aj (deceitful) japufalse coral snake n mboichumbe’_family n familia (span.)

(tail, bottom) tuguái (o)

famous man n (hero, virile man) kuimba’etefamous aj,© herakuâ (s. terakuâ)

fan v (blow) peju (ai)fan oneself v (be in a breeze) jepeju

fantastic aj (enormous, huge) poro’ofantasy n (dream, ideal, utopia) kerapotyfar aj (distant) mombyry

far away av mombyryfarm n (field, garden) kokuefarmer n ñemit_ha, temit_hárafart n (thistle) pyno

v pynofast aj,© pya’e

(strong) hatâ (o)

fasten v (tie, bundle) jokua(tie, bind) apytî=ñapytî

fat n,© (grease, oil, butter) ñandy, kyra aj (obese) kyra

fatten v mongyra (s. kyra)father n ru (1st & 2nd person)

túa=túva (3d person only)

(daddy, papa) taitafavor (ask a) v (engage, order, get help) jokuáifear v kyhyje (gui)

fear (of danger) n (distrust) kyhyjefearful aj (timid, cowardly) py’amirî

©,aj (cowardly) pererîfeasible (be) © (fit, have room, correct) jafeather n (hair, wool) tague (o)

chicken feathers n ryguasuraguefeed v mongaru (s. karu), ñalimenta (span.)

feel v (know, sense) ñandu=andu(live, dwell, go, be) ko (ai)(touch, palpate) jepovyvy, poko(regret, lament, mourn, deplore) mbyasy

feel sorry © (grieve, regret) ñembyasyfeel satisfied © angapyhyfeel proud © (satisfied) aguara

feeling n ñandu=andufeet n py (pl. of foot)

wash one’s feet v jepyhéifeign v (have made, be proud) jejapo

fell v (get down, lower) mboguejy (s. guejy)

female n,sf (human, animal) kuñafemale dog n (bitch) jaguakuña

femininity n (womanliness) kuñarekofence n ñama, kora (span.), alambrádo (span.)

v alambra (span.), mongora (span.), ñamaferment n,© (stink) taguinô=taguynô, raguinô=raguynô

v (be swollen, inflated, vain) vufern n amambáifertilize v yvymoporâfever n,© akânundu

fever with chills n,© (malaria) akânundu ro’yfew aj (crumbled, small, insignificant) sa’i

(rare, sparse, scarce) pokâ , mbovy av (a little, not much) sa’i( not much, not many, a few) mbovy,

ndahetái=sa’ími(occasionally, little by little) mimi

fiber n (strand, filament) tovykâ (o)

remove the fiber v hyvifield n (farm, garden) kokue

(countryside) ñu sf (grouping) ndy=ty

field of weeds n ñanandycotton field n mandyjutyfield hoe n asáda (span.)

field corn n (maize) avatifight n ñorairô

v ñorairôwe fight v (brawl, quarrel) ñañorairô

figure n (image, shape, form) ta’anga (o)

filament n (fiber, strand) tovykâ (o)

file n (line, row) tysýi (o)

v (sharpen) haimbe’e(make a point) hakua

fill v (load) muenyhê=myenyhê (s. tenyhê)

filter n (sieve) yrupêv mboyga, yga, hasa, mbohasa

filth n (dirt) ky’a(manure) jare

filthy aj jarefinal aj (ultimate) ipahápe, (last one) pahaguefinally av (lastly) pahápefind v (encounter, meet) topa (span.), juhu=johu

find one another v jotopa (span.)

find out v (question) porandu(know) kuaa (ai)

fine av,© (very well) porâI’m just fine ph al pelo pa, omarcha (span.)

finger n kuâfingernail n (claw, hoof) pyapêfinish n,pn,aj opa

v (exhaust, dry) mbohypa (s. hypa--typa is rare)

(end, cease, be gone) pa(terminate, exterminate) momba(carry out) japopa

finished sf (all action completed) pa=mba(used up) pague

finished (it’s) v (gone, in the past) opáma ph oikopa

fire n tata (o)

v (discharge) mosê (che mosê che mba’apohagui=I was fired from my job)

make a fire v hatapy=jatapyfire hole n (oven, furnace) tatakuafirearm n mbokafirebox, fogón n tataypy (o)

firefly n muâ, (gloworm) ysoindyfirewood n (opening, separation) jepe’a

(match) tatarâ, tata’ycollect firewood v jepe’ava

first aj peteíha av (primary, before) raê (ha’e raê=him first)

fish n pira(small) piky v pirakutu (ai)

fish hook or bait n pindafisherman n pindapoi (tára), pirakutuhafist n po’apu’afit n joja

© (have room, be feasible, correct) jamake fit v mbojoja

fitted aj jojafive aj (hand) pofix v (correct, adjust) myatyrô

(make equal) mbojojafix on v (pay attention, notice, attend to) jesareko

(understand) ntende (span), hechakuaaflames n (blaze) tendy (o)

flap wings v (palpate, throb) perereflash v (shatter, crack) tiriflat aj (equal, like, level, even) joja

flat ground n (plains) yvypeflatten v (spread out) mbope (s. pe)

flattened sf pe=mbeflatter © (say sweet words) juruhe’êflattery n,© aguara, juruhe’êflavorful aj (savory, tasty, delicious) he

aj,© (rich) ríko (span.)

(sweet, salty) he’êvery flavorful aj (very tasty) heterei (la rejapova

heterei=that which you made is very tasty)flea n tungusuflee v (run) dipara (span.)

flesh n (meat) so’o (has 4 forms: so’o, to’o, ro’o, ho’o)

flexible aj (elastic, agile) sambo (span.)

foamy aj tyjúi (o)

float v vevúi(explode, shoot) kapu

floating aj (light) vevúiflood v (water) mbo’yfloor n (ground, soil) yvyflow n (current) syry

v (run as a liquid) syry(have diarrhea) chivivi 3rd

flowing aj (liquid) ykuflower n (apart from the plant) yvoty

(on the plant) poty © poty

flowering plant n yvotymátaopen flower n (blossom) yvotyjera

fluid n (liquid, juice) tykue (o)

flung v (thrown) ñemombofly n mberu

v (go by air) vevefocus on v (attend to) jesareko, ntende (span.)

fog n tatatina (o)

foggy (it’s) © hatatina (o)

fogón n (firebox) tataypy (o)

fold v (double) mokarapâ, pepy (ai)follow irr.v ha=ho takykuéri (o) (lit:go behind)

fondness n (love) mborayhu (s. tayhu)

food n (dish, something to eat) hi’upy(dish, meal, provisions, supplies) tembi’u (o)

(meal) karuthis food is excellent ph hete la tembi’u

fool n (clown) tavy(stupid, burro) výro (span.)

fool around v (not take seriously) makanea (span.) Anína remakaneati=Don’t fool around!

they fool around v ñombojaru 3rd pl

make a fool of (o.s.) v (or be deceived) ñembotavyfoolish aj (crazy) akâkuchu

(stupid, ignorant) tavyfoot n (hind leg) py

big-footed ©,aj pypuku, pyguasufootprint n takykuere (o)

(footstep, track, spoor) pyporefor ppv (in order to, so that) ha_ua

ppn (in, at, on, to) pe=me (chéve=for me, ichupe=for her)

(for the use of) peguarâ (oréve guarâ=for us) (future)

(in order to, for future use) guarâsf râ (che mba’erâ= for me, for my future

use)(future of a noun)

for him (for her) chupe guarâ; for you (to you) nderehe; for me (to me) pn chéve (i.o.)

(in my opinion, according to me) chéve guarâforage n (hay) jahape

(grass, weeds) kapi’ipeforehead n syvaforeigner n pytagua (neol.)

forest n ka’aguyforget © resarái (o)

v (be forgotten) ñembuesaráiforgetting n tesarái (o)

form n (image, figure, shape) ta’anga (o)

v (make, do, fabricate, construct) japo=apo(give shape) moha’anga

form (in this) sf (resembling, in this kind, sort or type) peichagua; kóva reheguaformer n,aj ymaguare (jára ymaguare=former owner)formerly av (before, a time ago) yma

formerly from ppn peguare (past of pegua)

fornicate v (grasp, take, catch) pyhy=japyhy (ai)fortitude n (strength) py’aratâfortune n (luck) po’aforward n,aj tenondeguaforward (put) v (prefer) motenondefountain n (spring) yvufour aj irundyfox n,© (flattery) aguarafracture v (break) pê, mopêfragment n (piece, relative) pehengue

(piece) vofragmented aj (broken) kuruvifragrance n (odor) tyakuâ (o)

fragrant aj hyakuâ=hakuâfree aj (empty, naked, loose, uncovered ) nandi

v (liberate, permit) mosâsobe free © reko sâso (o)

break free v (attack, break through) ndyryget free v (escape) jehekýi

(get loose, untied) jerafreedom (have some) © (be on a long leash) sambukufreely av,sf (for nothing, futilely, in vain) rei

very freely av (with no reason) reietefreeze v vela (span)

It’s freezing cold ph ro’y hypy’a hína frequently av meme

(all, totally) memete (superl. of meme)

(always) tapia av,sf mante

fresh aj,© (young, new, beginning) pyahufried aj chyryry

v chyryry 3rd

friend n (cousin) lopi(loved one, lover) tayhupára, amigo (span.)

(member) sósio (span.)

friendly aj,© (sympathetic) a’e (rehe), ka’avo, jukyfright n mondýi

(fear of danger) kyhyjefrighten v (intimidate) mopy’amirî (s. py’amirî)

frightened (be) v kyhyje(startled) ñemondýi

fringe n (of a garment) ambopifrog n ju’ifrom ppn guive (place, time) (ko’a_a guive=from now)

gui (of a place) (eskuelagui=from school)guio (guivo) (direction) (hapykuéguio=from

behind)(belonging to) megua=pegua (adj-forming)

gua=ygua (Itaguaygua=from Itagua) ppv guive (time, place) (oho guive=since he left)

from me cheheguifrom him (from her) chugui, ichuguifrom us (of us) ñandehegui (incl.), orehegui (excl.)

from you ndehegui (sing.), pendehegui (pl.)

from them ichuguikuérafront n renonde (o)

in front av (ahead) tenonde (o)

in front of av (facing) továi (o)

ppn (in the presence of) rovake (o), renondépe (o)

pass in front v henonde’a (s. tenonde)

front leg n (arm, handle) jyvafrost n (fog, snow) eláda (span.)

frozen aj (curdled, congealed) hypy'a (o) (ro’y hypy’a hína=it’s very cold)fruit n yva

fruit rind n (fruit skin) yva pirefruitful aj a=hi’afrustrate v (deceive) momarâfry v (bother) mbochyryry (s. chyryry)

fulfill v (complete, obey) mboaje (s. aje)

full aj,© (satiated, satisfied) ryvatâ=ry_uata aj chovi

eat one’s fill v (gulp) japaso fullness n (repletion, satisfaction, plethora) tenyhê (o)

(satisfaction, surfeit, satiation) tyvatâfully av katuetefunction n funsion (span.)

v (walk) guata(work) mba’apo

funnel n tykuahafunny aj vy’afuruncle n (abcess) jati’i

(sore, ulcer, boil) kurufurrow n súrco (span.), yvy jo’ofutilely av,sf (freely, for nothing, in vain) reifuture n tenonderâfuture husband n menarâfuzz n (down, plush) taviju (o)

gag © (choke, cough) pyt_, ahy’opa’â(strangle) jahoga (span.)

gain v ñemomba’e, gana (span.)

gaminess n (decomposition) ta’o (o) (but edible)

garbage n yty, basura (span.)

garbage dump n ytyapygarden n (ornamental) yvotyty

(field, farm) kokuegasp n,© (pant, snore) ambu

(pant) juku’agather v (collect, meet, unite) mbyaty=mboatygathering (of people) n aty, ñembyatygay n,© (one who is playful, sprightly) saraki

aj hetia’e (o), hory (o)

general aj (universal) pavê, opáichaguagenerous aj (open-handed) pojera

(holy, saintly, just, virtuous) marangatugently av mbegue katu

very gently av vevúi asygentleman n (man) karaigerm n (seed, core, kernel, pip, semen) ta’_i (o)

germinate v (be born) heñoi (o) (s. teñoi)

get v (obtain) consegui (span.)

get down v (lower s.t.) rojy

(lower, fell) mboguejyget into v (enter) ke (ai)get off v (descend, lose weight) guejyget through v (pass) hasa, mbohasaget up v (stand up, arise, grow, develop) pu’â

gift n jopóigirl n mitâkuñâgive v (present, deliver, cede) me’ê

(offer, promise, present) kuave’ê (ai)give a good result ph (come out well) osê porâgive a hand v (aid, help out) pytyvô (ai)

glad aj hetia’e (o)

(happy, rejoicing) hory (o)

( pleased) angapyhybe glad © retia’e (o), rory (o)

I’m glad to see you ph avy'a rohechávogladden v mbohorygladness n (happiness, rejoicing) tory (o)

glance n tesareko=sarekoglance at v (look at, investigate) vichea (span.) (rehe)

gleam v (shine) mimbi=jajáiglimpse n,© (notice a risk) resahoglowworm n ysoindy, ysorendyglue v (smear, paste) monagluttonous aj,© karugnat n (tiny mosquito) mbariguignaw v (nibble at, eat) ñapi’û

(reflect on, ruminate, chew) ñamindu’ugo irr.v ha=ho

(live, dwell, be, feel) ko (ai)(walk) pykúi (ai)

I go aha; I don’t go ndajúihe goes (she goes, they go) ohowe go jaha (incl.), roho (excl.)

you go reho (sing.), peho (pl.)

go away! ph (leave me in peace!) cherejápego by v (pass) hasago forward irr.v ha=ho tenondevego out v (die away) guego to bed v (lie down) ñenogo to pieces © (crumble) aku’i 3rd

go up v (rise, climb, ascend) jupigoing n (departure) ho=hagoat n kavara (span.)

God n tupâ, (our lord, Jesus Christ) ñandejáraGod willing defec.v (may it be) hi’â (no i.o.)(ahata hi’â ko ára

pe=God willing, I’ll come today)goiter n ju’ái vosio=vosio (span.)

(craw, maw) ju’áigold n itajugone (be) v (end, cease, finish) pa

(it’s finished, past) opámagood aj,© porâ, guéno (span.)

ij guéno (span.)

av (well, yes) nêigood character ©,n lája porâ (span.)

good-bye jajuechata, adio (span.), chau (ital.)

gossip n (chatterbox) my’_i v (divulge secrets) moherakuâ (s. terakuâ)

gossipy aj my’_i, jurumby’ýigourd (for drinking mate) n hy’a, porongo (span.)

grab v (capture, grasp) agarra (span)

grace n (salt, dear one) jukygracious aj (likeable) jukygraft v momendagrafted aj injerto (span.)

grain n (eye, sight) tesa (o)

grandfather n taita, aguélo (span.)

grandmother n aguela (span.)

(person in charge) jarýigrasp n (capture, grab) agarra (span.)

v (take, catch, fornicate) pyhy=japyhy (ai) (capture, grab) agarra (span.)

grasp tightly v (oppress, crowd) jopygrass n (forage, weeds) kapi’ipegrasshopper n tukugrate v (scrub, rub, scour) kyty (ai)grave n (hole, cave, burrow, ditch) yvykuagravely ill aj hasy guasu (o), hasyete (o)

gray hair n akatî, (cornsilk) atîgrease n (fat, oil, butter) ñandy

© (add fat) ñandyv (oil) moñandy

greasy aj kyra, ñandy great aj (important) guasu

(big, large) tuichagreat deal av (much) demaite (span.)

great man (be) ©,aj (wide, powerful) poguasugreen n,aj (blue, blue-green) tovy (o), hovygreen bean n kumanda peky, chaucha (span.)

greenish-black aj hovyû (o)

greet v momaiteigreeting n adio (span.), (handshake) pojopygreetings n (hello) maitei grief n (sorrow, suffering) tekoasy (o)

n,© (worry, care, anxiety) angata(affliction) py’apy

grieve © (feel sorry, regret) ñembyasy(sorrow, oppress) py’apy v (suffer) jepy’apymomba’embyasy

grind v (crush, pound) joso tarara (esp. grind one’s teeth)

(grind to pieces) mongu’i (s. ku’i)

grindstone n itakygroin n tambeypy (o)

groomed aj (smooth, burnished) apes_igrope v (stir, poke, search) povyvy (ai)grotto n (cave, cavern) itakuaground n (earth, world) yvy

ground (up) aj,© (pulverized) ku’ion the ground av yvýpealong the ground av (on the ground) yvýre (mboi

oî hína yvýre=the snake is on the ground)toward the ground av yvýgotyo

ground fog n yvyatatîgroup n atygrouping sf (collection, planting) ty=ndy

(avitity=cornfield, ñanandy=field of weeds)grow v kakuaa, (arise, get up,stand up, develop) pu’â

grow old v (age) ñembotujagrown aj kakuaa

growl n (roar, snore) kororô; v kororôGuarani language n avañe’êguarantee v (assure) moajetê (s. ajete)

guard n (policeman, agent) tahachi v (care for, watch over, protect) ñangareko

guava n (fruit tree) arasa, guajavo (span.)

guess v kuaaraê (ai)guess correctly v japi porâ

guide v (direct, lead) sambyhy (ai)guilty (feel) v (pay for sins) lasta (span.)

guinea pig n (rabbit-like rodent) apere’aguitar n mbarakagullet n (windpipe) ñoko’êgulp v (eat one’s fill) japaso

(devour) mokomokôgum n (of mouth) taîmbíra (o)

gummy aj (sticky, resistant) jajyguts n (belly, stomach, abdomen) tye (o)

habit n (custom) jepokuaahail n amandáuhair n (feather, wool) tague (o)

(of the head) akârague, áva(of beard) tendyva (o)

long hair n avukulonghaired aj,© avukucut hair v apî=ñapî

hairless aj (skinned, broke) apî=ñapîhairsplitting aj (unpredictable, capricious) ambu’a; ©

(quibbling) ñemyrondehairy aj hague (o)

half n (center, middle) mbyte sf (semi) guy= vy=mby

hammock n kyhahand n po

in the hands of av (in the power of) poguiopen-handed aj (generous) pojerawash one’s hands v jepohéi

handle n (stake) ýva, (arm, front leg) jyvahandmade clothing n ao po’ihandshake n (greeting) pojopyhang v mosaingo

(scatter, spread, divulge) muasâi=myasâi (s. asâi)

hanging aj (as clothing) saingohangover n ka’u ko’êhappen v (occur) jehu 3rd

happiness n (rejoicing, gladness) tory (o)

(good humor, liveliness) tetia'e (o), vy’ahappy aj (glad, rejoicing) hory (o)

(good humored, lively) hetia’e (o)

happy (be) v (rejoice) vy’a (rehe)

© rory (o), retia’e (o)

happy place n vy’ahahard aj (strong) hatâ

(tough) ro’oatâ (o) (lit:tough meat)

hard thing n (solid thing) mba’é hatâharden v (strengthen) moatâ=amombaretehardhearted aj,© (cruel) py’ahatâhardly av (scarcely, barely) ténge ténge, hasýpe (hasýva

oguata ténge ténge=The sick one walks with difficulty)

hardness n (toughness, resistance) tatâ (o)

hardworking aj (diligent) guápo (span.)

hardy aj (robust) hetembaretéva(resistant) ijýva(long-lived) hosâ

hare n (rabbit) tapitiharm v (wound, kill, as a person) degracia (span.)

harmful aj (destructive) koseharsh aj (rough) koróchoharvest n temit_ngue (o)

v (collect, pick up) mono'ô (s. no’ô)

(take fruit) po’o (ai)hatched v (born) nase (span.)

(from an egg) ja 3rd

hate v (abhor) hayhu’_© py’aro

hatred n (bitterness, rancor) py’aropy’ako’ô, hayhu’_

haughty aj (arrogant) tî’atâhave v (possess) guereko=reko

(usually activities) oiko 3rd

irr.v oî 3rd

me (oi) 3rd

have to v (must) va’erâ, vaerâ, arâ (obligatory future)

hawk n (falcon, small eagle) taguatohazard n (risk, danger) kyhyjehahe (she, it) subj.pn ha’e

he alone (only he) pn ha’eñohead n (judgement, reason, ability, top) akâ

(heart, entrails, thought, purpose) ñe’â, py’a(chief, president, superior) tuvicha

big-headedness n akâguasubroken-headed © akâjeka

longheaded aj,© akâpukuwash one’s head © akâjohéi

head covering n (scarf, sombrero) akâhojahead man n (big man) karai guasuheadache n,© âkârasyheadstrong aj,© (lively, agile, spirited) rarihealer n médiko (span.), curandero (span.), pohanohára

(witch) pajehealth n tesâi (o)

healthy aj hesâi (o), kuerahealthy (be) © resâi (o)

healthy (become) v kuera(make well) monguera

heap n (pile of something, herd) atýra, chovihear v (listen) hendu (asp) (s. tendu)

hear oneself v (be heard) ñehenduhear of v ñeñanduheard (be) v (hear oneself) ñehendumake oneself heard v ñehenduka

hearing n (audition) tendu (o)

heart n (spirit) py’apy (entrails, head, thought, purpose) py’a, ñe’â(soul) korasô (span.)

heart’s desire n py’apotaheat n mbyry’ái, jope

(warmth, enthusiasm, libido) taku (o)

heaven n (sky) yvágaheavy ©,aj (thick, as a liquid) pohýiheel n (endurance) pytahell n añaretâhello n (greetings) maiteihelp v pytyvô (ai)

be helped v ñepytyvôget help v (engage, order, ask a favor) jokuáihelp each other by turns v (cooperate) minga

(span.)

we help each other v ñañopytyvôhemline n (bottom of dress) aoruguáihen n (chicken) ryguasu (s. uru)

hen eggs n ryguasurupi’aher (him) pn ha’e, chupe=ichupe (d.o.)

for her chupe guarâfrom her chugui, ichuguiherself ojeupelike her ha’éichanot her nda ha'éiof herself ijehe

(of her initiative) ijeheguionly her (her alone) ha’eñothrough her hese

(by means of) ha’e rupithrough herself ijeheto her chupe, ichupe (i.o.)

to herself ijupetogether with her hesevewith her hendive

(through her) hesewithin her ipypewithout her hese'_

herb n (weed) ñanaherbal remedy n ipohâ ñana gui, pohâ ñanaherd n (pile, heap) atýra, trópa (span.)

herd of cattle n vaka atýra (span.)

herd of sheep n ovecha atýra (span.)

here av ko’ápe, (in this place) ápe, aby here av (through here, around here) árupifrom here av águi, ko’águive, ko’águifrom here to there av ápe ha pépethrough here av korupi

(by here, around here) árupito here av (up to here) ko’a pevetoward here av ko’ágotyo

Here it is! ij (Take it!) péinaHere you are! ij (Take it!) kóina, na’ápe

hero n (virile man, famous man) kuimba’eteheron n hokohers (his) poss.pn (her thing, his, his thing) imba’e

herself (himself) pn ojeupehiccup n,© jojóihidden aj (uncertain, mysterious) herungua=heruvâ

hidden (be) v (stolen) ñeñomihide n (skin, bark, peel) pire

v (cover, rob) ñomi, mokañy(cover, shade) mo’â

hide the evidence v (squelch) rekirirîhigh aj,© (tall, above) yvatehill n (mountain) yvyty, cerro (span.)

him (her, it) pn ha’e, chupe=ichupe (d.o.)

for him chupe guarâfrom him chugui, ichuguihimself ojeupelike him ha’éichanot him nda ha'éiof himself ijehe

(of his initiative) ijeheguionly him (he alone) ha’eñothrough him hese

(by means of) ha’e rupithrough himself ijeheto him chupe, ichupe (i.o.)

to himself ijupetogether with him hesevewith him hendive

(through him) hesewithin him ipypewithout him hese'_

hind leg n (foot) pyhip n tumby (o), cadera (span.)

hire v (employ) mohembiapo (s. tembiapo)

his (hers) poss.pn (his thing, her thing) imba’ehit v (strike, lash, punish) mbuepoti=mbyepoti (s. poti)

(stroke, caress, slap, throw down) pete (ai)(strike a blow) mbota(strike, beat, punish) nupâ (ai)(wound, shoot) japi=api

hit the target v (guess correctly) japi porâhoe n (big field hoe) asáda (span.)

v (weed with a hoe) ka’apihold v (catch, sustain, stop) joko

take hold v (seize, be supported) jejapokóihold down v (tie down) ñotî

hole n (cave, grave, burrow, ditch) yvykua(orifice, cavern) kuára=kua

holed (be) © (have holes) kua 3rd

make a hole v (dig, plow) jo’omake holes in v (perforate) mbokua

holiday n aretehollow aj (empty) nandi (tronco nandi=hollow log)holy aj (saintly, just, virtuous, generous) marangatuhome n (hometown) tekoha (o)

(house, domicile) óga (semi-o)

make a home v mbohóga (s. óga)

home area n (town) puévlo (span.)

homeland n (country, nation) tetâ (o)

homeowner n ogajárahometown n (home) tekoha (o)

(birthplace) válye (span.) (ivalye pýpe=in his hometown)

homicide n (suicide) jejukahomosexual n teviro (o)

honey n éira(medicinal honey of stingless bees) eirete(queen bee) éira la rêina (span.)

honeycomb n eiratama

honored (be) v (be the guest of honor) jererohoryhoof n (fingernail, claw) pyapêhook n (in general) ty’âi

(anything pointed) potâihook up v (connect) mbojoapyfish hook or bait n pinda

hoop n (earring, crest on birds) namichâi=mamichâihorizon n (edge of the world) arapahahorn n (thorn, point) tatî (o)

dehorn v (remove thorns or horns) hatî’ôhorned aj (spiny) hatî (o)

© (have spines, horns) ratî (o)

horned one n (cuckold) akâratîlonghorned aj,© tatîmbuku

horse n kavaju (span.)

(place, site, mount) tenda (o)

horse race n karréra (span.)

horsefly n mbutuhost v mbohupa (s. tupa)

(for the night, put to bed) monge (s. ke)

hot aj haku (o), aku © kalida (span.)

hot (be) ©,n mbyry’áiit’s very hot ph haku la mbyry’ái

hour n óra (span.)

house n (home, domicile) óga (semi-o) (span.)

(hut) tapýihousewife n (grandmother, cook) machuhovel n (abandoned house) oygue, taperehow av mba’éicha (pa), mba’éicharupi (pa)

how much? av (how many) mbovy=mboy (pa), (past) mboyre

How are you? mba’éicha (pa)=mba’éiko= mba’etékohowl n (song) guahuhug n (embrace, clasp) ñañuva

v añuâ= ñañuâ=ñañuva=añuvahuge aj (enormous, fantastic) poro’ohuman being n (person, inhabitant) yvypórahumble aj (low) tupe, (small) mirîhumid aj (wet) he’ô (s. te’ô)

humidity n (dampness, moisture) tykue (o), te’ô (o)

hummingbird n mainumbyhumor (good) n (liveliness, happiness) tetia'e (o)

good humored (be) ©,aj (lively) retia’e (o)

humpback n,aj atuakanduhunger ©,n (appetite) vare’a

n,© ñembyahýi aj hungry ñembyahýi

hunger pains ©,n (appetite) py’arasyhurl v (discard, throw) mombohurried (be) © ra_e (s. ta_e)

v mya_e, mbopya’e(rushed) japura (span.)

hurry n pya’e(rapidity, speed) ta_e (o)

be in a hurry © pya’ehurt n tasy (o), mbyasy

v reko mbyasy© rasy (o) (hasy chéve=it hurts me)

hurt s.o. v ñehunga(strike blows) hunga (asp.)

I hurt ph hasy chéve, areko mbyasyhusband n (male) ména=mehut n (small house) tapýiI pn (me) che

I alone pn chénteI’ll be right back ph aha ta ajuI’m the one ph (it’s me!) che ha'eI only pn (by myself) cheño

ice n iélo (span.), yrypy’aideal n (dream, fantasy, utopia) kerapoty

idiot n (stupid face) tovatavy (o)

idle aj (dissolute) tekorei (o)

aj,© (lazy) ate'_, tekora’_ (o)

© (be at loose ends, have free time) reko rei (o)

idleness n (one at loose ends) tekora’_ (o), ate'_, tekorei (o)

if cj (because of) rire (conditional past)

guive (ohendu guive=if he hears)sf katu (imperative-decisive) ppv rô=ramo (conditional) (oporandúrô=if he

asks)if not cj,av _ramo=_rôif it is so aipóramo (Jaha aipóramo= If it is so, we’ll

go)ignite v (turn on) myendyignorant aj (rustic) arriéro (span.)

(stupid, foolish) tavyillness n mba’asyilluminate v (light) hesape (asp)

illumination n tesape (o)

image n (figure, shape, form) ta’anga (o)

imitate v (test, try, play) ha’â (s. ta’â)

immature aj (tender) kyr_iimmediately av (at once) mandi (tereho m.=Go at once)

(at once, always, continuously) meme(at once, very, promptly) voi( pretty soon) segida (span.)

impatience n jahéi(anger) pochy

impatient aj,© pochylose patience v jahéi

imperfect aj (primitive, rough) chaeimplore v (request, ask for) jerureimportant n importante (span.)

it’s important ph iñimportante (span.)

it’s not important ph naiñimportantegui (span.)

impossible (it’s) v ndikatuí, ikatu’_vaimpoverish (the soil) v (suck, soak up) pyte (ai)impregnate v momemby (s. memby)

imprisoned (be) v (closed in) ñembotyimpurity n (filth) mba’e ky’a

(stain, defect) marâ in ppn (at, on, to, for) pe=me

(in one’s place) pýpe (ivalle pýpe=in his hometown)

(with) pype (nde pype=in you)in order to ppn (for, future use) guarâ

ppv (for, so that) ha_ua sf,pp (with the final end of) vo

in order not to ph ani ha_ua (negation of ha_ua as sf),

po no (span.)

in that manner av amóichainaccuracy n (lie) ñe’êreiinaccurate (be) © (speak falsely or in vain) rei incline v (tilt) vâ

incline the head v (agree) ñakâityinclined aj (tilted, leaning) yke’â

include v (insert, introduce) moinge (s. (ai)ke), inklui (span.)

incomparable aj (without limits) apyra’_incorrect aj noiporâiincrease v (augment) mbohetaindecent aj (bad, obscene, shameless) tie’_Indian n (person) avaindicate v (show, demonstrate) hechaka=hechauka indigent aj (poor, needy) mboriahu=poriahuindigestion n,© (upset stomach) punga, py’avaiindividual n (life, person, subject) tekoveindolent aj (clumsy, fainting) pituva=pituaindomitable aj (untamed, rough, elusive) sagua’a

inexpensive aj (cheap) ndahepýiinfallibly av (without fail, of course) katueteinflame v (heat, anger) mbyaku (s. taku)

inflated (be) v (swollen, ferment) vuinform v (make listen) hendukainformal aj (churlish, undisciplined) kachiâi-ing sf hína (progressive, continuity)inhabitant n (person, human being) yvypórainjure v (bruise) ñopû

(offend, annoy, abuse) jahéiinjury n (offense) jahéi

( weeds, ulcer) jaiinsect n vícho (span.)

insert v (introduce, include) moinge (s. ke (ai)), mboasuru, ñoña

(sink, trespass) jasuru insert under v (pass under) guyru (ai)insert the hand (as into a bag) v po’ê

inside av hyepýpe (s. tye)

(of a room) kotypymove inside v (put something inside) kuchuinside out av (backwards, upside down) oguývo

insignificant aj (crumbled, small) sa’iinsipid aj (watery, simple) ay

(unseasoned, tasteless) he’_insolvent aj,© (lack everything) sogueinsomnia (have) © kerasyinspect v (search for) mboguyguyinspiration n ñe’êkuaa, py’amongeta, ñatôiinstantly av (in a moment, at once) sapy’áiteinstead of ppv (replacing) rangue, emêde (span.)

instruct v (teach) mbo’e (s. ha’e=’e), moarandu (s. arandu)

instruction n (prayer) ñembo’einstrument n (utensil, tableware) tembiporu (o)

insult n ja’o v ja’o

insulted (be) v jeja’ointelligent aj,© akâ porâ

(skillful, able) vale (span.)

aj (capable, active) ha’eveintensely av.sf (very, with difficulty) asy (s. hasy)

inter v (cover with dirt, bury) jatyinteresting aj oikuaasévainterior of sf (within) py (noun & adj-forming)

interior of belly n tyepy (o)

interjection ij nevárvaro (span.), e’ánde!, e'a!, e’ákende!interupt v ( bother) muangekói (s. angekói)

intestines n (tripe) tyekue (o)

intimidate v (frighten) mopy’amirî (s. py’amirî)

intrigue v (light a fire) jatapyintroduce v (insert) mboasuru (s. suru, jasuru)

(insert, include) moinge (s. (ai) ke)

(insert) ñoñaintrospect v (reflect, think about) jepy’amongetaintrude v (trespass) suru, jasururuintrusion n suru, jasururuinvalid n (sick person, he who is sick) hasývainvestigate v (stir, poke) hyvykôi

(look at, glance at) vichea (span.) (rehe)

(ask, question) porandu(move about) pyguara

involved (be) v (mix) jehe'airon v (rub, scrub the clothes) pokytyirrigate v (water) moak_, mohe’ô, rega (span.)

irrigation n typyi (o)

irritable aj,© (aggressive, angry, bad tempered) ñarôirritate v (anger, offend) moñemyrô (s. ñemyro)

(disgust, bore) ropevy(sting, offend) ko’ô (ai)

irritate the eyes v hesako’ô (s. tesa)

irritating aj,© (insipid, unfriendly) joha

irritation n (offense) ko’ôis (it) irr.v (there is, there are) oî 3rd

ij (true, certainly, really, yes, sure) aje (pa)(it could be) mora’e (conditional)

it isn’t defec.v ndaha'éihe is v (be) ha’e (same for all persons)

Is it you? ph ndépaisland n ypa’ûisolate v (make leave) moha'eño (s. ha’eño)

isolated aj (solitary) ha’eñoit (he, she) pn ha’e, chupe, ichupe

for it chupe guarâlike it ha’éichanot it nda ha'éionly it (it alone) ha’eñoof itself ijehethrough itself ijehethrough it heseto itself ijupewith it hendivewithout it hese'_

itch n temói (o)

(mange) kura’_i(cramp, ache, pain) jehýi v hemói (o)

(cramp) jehýi 3rd

© (become disturbed) pijohahave an itch © remói (o)

itching aj,© pijohajaguar n (big cat) jaguaretejail n kárse (span.), ka’irâi, pysyjar n árra (span.)

javelina n (wild pig) kure ka’aguy, tajasujewel n (valuable object, money) tembirepy (o)

join v (collect, gather) mono’ô, mboaty=mbyaty(unite, be together) jojuaju, juapy

jointly sf (all together, collectively) joajoke n gua’u, ñe’êgua’u

(game) jarumake jokes v mbojaru (s. jaru), ñe’ê mba’erei

judgment n (head, reason, ability, top) akâjug n (pitcher) kambuchijuice n (moisture, wetness) tykue=tyku (o)

v (squeeze) hykue’ojump v (bounce, dance) popo=pojust aj (holy, saintly, virtuous, generous) marangatu

av.sf (recently) ramo (a_uahe ramo=I just entered)

just me av+pn (me, only me) che mementejust now av.sf (already) ma (oúma=he just came)

av (recently, a moment ago) angete justice n (equality) tekojojakaolin clay n tovatîkeep v (save, spare) ñongatu

(retain) rekovekernel n (seed, core, germ, pip, semen) ta’_i (o)

kick n pyvoi v (by an animal) pyvoi (rehe)

kidney n riñon (span.), pitikiri’ikill v juka

(wound, harm) degracia (span.)

killed (be) v (suicide) jejukakind aj (nice) ka’avo

kind (this) sf (in this form, sort, type) peichagua, kóva reheguakinky aj (curly) picha’îkiss v (smell) hetû (asp)

kiss on the mouth v jurupytewe kiss each other v ñañohetû

kitchen n kosina (span.)

knee n tenypy’â (o), rodilla (span.)

kneel v ñesu

knife n kyseknit v (sew) mbovyvyknock over v (throw, overturn) ty (ai)

tumba (span.)

knot n (tangle) apokytâ, (piece, lump, bit, wart) akytâ; make knots v moakytâ

know v (understand) kuaa (ai)(feel, sense, visit the sick) ñandu=andu(see, observe, verify) hecha (asp) (s. techa)

be known v jekuaaknow how to sf (be able to) kuaa (ajapokuaa=I

know how to make..) let know v (teach, communicate) kuaauka (ai)I don’t know ph chendaikuaaiknowable and verifiable (thing) n kuaapyrâ

knowledge n (understanding) kuaa(sentiment) ñeñandu

labor n (work, act, result) tembiapo (o)

lack v (need) kotevê (ai)(not have enough) vata=ata (span.)

lack everything ©,aj (insolvent) soguelacks very little pf (almost, nealy) háimete=mo’â

lake n ypa, y, (large lake) yguasulame aj (bent, twisted) karê, karapâlament (s.t.) v (have pity, express sympathy) rombyasy

(che rombyasy rehota haguére=I’m sorry that you are going)

(feel, regret, mourn, deplore) mbyasy (weep, cry) jahe'o

lamp n (lantern) tembirendy (o)

landowner n yvyjáralanguid aj,© (weak) kangylantern n lamp tembirendy (o)

lap n tapypa’û (o)

v (lick) heréi (not asp.)

lapacho n tajy (national tree of Paraguay)large aj,© (big, great) tuicha larva n (worm) ysolash v (hit, strike, punish) mbuepoti=mbyepoti (s. poti)

last aj ipahápelast one n pahaguelast coin one has n (broke) solast time paháitelast night ange pyhare=a_epyhare

lasting aj,© (long, tall) pukulastly av (finally) ipahápelate av.sf (recent past) kuri

aj,© (delayed) are (che che are kuri upépe=I was

delayed there)later av agâve, anga mive, tardeve (span.)

(afterward) upérirelatrine n (bathroom) letrina (span.), baño (span.)

(a few seconds) uperiremíntelaugh n puka

v puka (rehe)

laughable aj (ridiculous) pukarâlay (eggs) v mbo’a layer n apelazy aj,© (idle) ate'_lead n (metal) itamembe (neol.)

v (direct, guide) sambyhy (ai)leaf n (page) togue (o)

leaf-cutter ant n akekê, ysauleak v (filter) ho’ê (o)

(dribble, trickle) tyky (tyky) 3rd

lean v (slope, slant, bend) jero’alean against v (lean on) jatykolean on v (touch) japokói

(lean against) jatyko(stick to, support) mbojeko

leaning aj (tilted, inclined) yke’â

learn v (study, apply oneself) jetavy'oleather n (cowhide) vakapi (span.)

leave v (exit, come out) sê(go) aha=oho (let, allow, permit) heja (asp)

(move away) jeileave space v mopa’ûmake leave v (isolate) moha'eño (s. ha’eño)

I’m leaving ph (I’m going) ta ha mba'eleave me in peace! ph (go away!) cherejápe

leech n ysopeleft over © hemby 3rd (s. tembyre)

left n (hand) asu, ikiérda (span.)

leg n (support) tetyma (o)

leg of animal n (paw, long leg bone) kupylend v poruka (ai)length n,aj (long) puku

at length av pukuleprosy n kuru vailess av mbovyve, michïvelesson n (classroom, school) mbo’eha (neol.)

(student, disciple, doctrine) temimbo'e (o)

let v (allow, permit, leave) heja (asp.)

let go v (throw) poi (apoi la pelota ha ha’e ojoko=I threw the ball and she caught it)

let’s... tove (reinforcer of volitive) (Tove na toho=Scram!)

let him go ph tove toholet him come ph tove toulet’s go! ph (we go) jaha, (scoot!) neike

level aj (equal, like, even, flat) jojaliana n ysypolibel v (slander) ñe’emegualiberate v (defend, save) pysyrô (ai)

(permit, free, liberate) mosâsoliberty n sâso, jeilibido n (heat, warmth, enthusiasm) taku (o)

lick v heréi (not asp.)

lick one’s lips v kumberéi (ai)lie n (inaccuracy) ñe’êrei

n,© (deceit) japutell a lie v ha’e rei

lie down v (go to bed) ñenolife n (person, subject) tekove (o), pórte (span.)

life history n (success, accomplishment) tembiasa (o)

lift v (elevate) hupi (asp), mopu’âlift the heels v (stand on the toes) pyta’âlift up the dress v (uncover) pepi (ai)

light n (illumination, saliva) ndy aj (floating, lightweight) vevúi v (illuminate, turn on the light) hesape (asp),

muandy(light a candle) muataindy

light a fire v (intrigue) jatapylight red aj (pink) pytangy

lightheaded aj (dizzy, half crazy) akâtavylightning n araveralike aj (equal, level, even, flat) joja

av.sf (as) guáicha ppn (as, similar to) icha ppv (like that) háicha v (be in love) jeguta (span.)

© (be pleased) guta (span.)

is like ph (seems like) ñaimo’â=ñemo’â (lit: we believe)

likeable aj (popular, attractive) kavure’i(nice, popular) ka’avo(gracious) juky

likely av (probable) katulikewise av (the same, equally) peteîchalimb n (branch) takâ (o)

limit n,© (lip, edge) tembe’y (o)

(point, tip, end) apýra(end, conclusion) pahague, paha(border, edge) kóta (span.)

v (bring close, adhere) ja(terminate) mboapýra

limited (be) © tembe’y (o)

without limits aj (incomparable) apyra’_line n (file, row) tysýi (o), (row) rysýi, liño (span.)

v (mark, scratch, write) hai(surface, upholster) mboape (s. ape)

lip n (rim) tembe (o) (top of rim before tembe’y)

(limit, edge) tembe’y (o)

liquefy v (be standing, stand up) ñembo’yliquid n (mixture) mba’erylisten v (hear) hendu (asp) (s. tendu)

(attend to) japysakamake listen v (inform) hendukawe listen to one another v ñañohendu

little aj (diminuitive) mimi, michî, sa’i, chu’i av (few) sa’i, ndahetái(few, not much, not many) mbovy sf (loving, affectionate) mi, ‘i (mita’i=little

kid)little by little av (few, occasionally) mimi, sa’i

sa’ilive v (dwell, go, be, feel) ko (ai)

( take care of) kove (ai)(be, be present, exist) me (ai)

liveliness n (good humor, happiness) tetia'e (o)

(vivacity) pyryr_ilively aj,© (headstrong, agile, spirited) rari

(good humored, happy) retia’e (o)

liven up (oneself) v (cheer up) ñemborariliver n py’aro, mby’alivestock n (animal) tymba (o)

© rymba (o)

lizard n teju; (small) ambere(wall lizard) teju’i

load v (fill) henyhêlocate v (put in place) mohendalock n candado (span.), okêmbotyha

v (close, block) mbotylong aj,© (tall, lasting) puku (s. length)

long for v (miss, wish to see) hechaga'u (asp)

look n (face, appearance) tova (o)

look at v (watch) ma’ê (rehe), maña (rehe)

(investigate, glance at) vichea (rehe)

look for v heka (asp) (s. teka)

look for a place (or a horse) v ñemohendaLook! ij ehechántena!Look out! ij cháke, háke, guépa

looming aj (threatening to rain) amenâso (span.)

loose aj (empty, naked, free, uncovered) nandi(slack, sagging, weak) kuchu(untied) jera

come loose v (move away) jei (gui)

(get loose) sobe at loose ends © (idle, have free time) reko reiloose (get) v (get free, untied) jeraloosen v (fall, lose one’s spot) kúi=kukúi

(untie, alleviate) joralose v kañy

lose all sense of shame v ñemotie’_lose one’s hair v jepirolose one’s spot v (loosen, fall) kúi=kukúilose weight v (descend, get off) guejylost (get) v (hide) kañy

(be hidden) mokañy(disappear) ñehundi (span)

loud aj (of persons) ijayvu(of things) tyapu

loud belch n regoltá (span.)

loud noise n (racket) tyapu (o)

(uproar, din) ayvumake a loud noise v guarara 3rd

loudly av tyapúpelouse n ky

delouse v ky’o (ai)delouse oneself v jekyvu

love n (lover) tembiayhu (o)

(fondness) mborayhu(memory) anga’u(charity) tayhu (o)

v (esteem, appreciate) hayhu (asp)

(like) jeguta (span.)

We love one other v (mutual love) jajoayhu=jajuayhu

loved one n (from the same house) ndivegua(friend, lover) tayhupára, tembiayhu (o)

lover n (friend, loved ones) tayhupáralow aj (lower part) guy

(humble) tupeaj,© (contemptible, mean, thieving) pokoviaj yv_i (not on the ground)

low voiced aj (slow) mbeguelower v (get down s.t.) rojy

(get down, fell) mboguejylower part n (bottom, anus) tevi (o)

lubricate v (grease) moñandyluck n (fortune) po’alukewarm aj takutíbio (span.)

(tepid) hakuvy (o)

lump n (bump, swelling) gua’a(piece, knot, bit, wart) akytâ

lunatic n tarovalungs n (entrails, cow liver) py’akueluster n (shine, gleam) mimbi=jajáiluxurious aj (elegant) kate (neol.)

made of sf (was the model for) guiguare (past) (mermelada naranja guiguare=orange

marmalade)(made of a material) guigua

magic n pajemaintain v (be careful of, support) jererekomaize n (field corn) avatimake v (do) apo=japo

make up v (apply cosmetics) ñemakillamake use of v jevale (span.)

(support oneself) jekomaker n (author, profession) apoha

malaria n,© (fever with chills) akânundu ro’ymale n (man) kuimba’e

(husband) ména=me sf (of masculine sex, male) kuimba'e aj mácho (span.)

man n (gentleman) karai(big man, head man) karai guasu

common man n arriéro (span: muleskinner)

old man n tuja, lepijuyoung man n karia’y, mitâkaria’y

mange n (itch) kura’_imango (Mangifera indica) n mangomanioc n (cassava) mandi’o

manioc peels v typyratymankind n (relatives, others) tapicha (o)

manliness n (virility) kuimba’e rekomanner (all) pn (in any manner) oimeháicha

in this manner aj (of this type) upeichaguamanure n tekaka (o) (vaka rekaka=cow manure)

v yvymoporâ, abona (span.)

many n (throng, crowd) teta (o)tetâ (country)

aj (much) hetasf eta (with e,i,u,y), ita (used with a,o)

av.sf, ete (superlative, withe,i,u,y) ite (superlative, with

a,o)

not many aj (few, little, not much) mbovy av (a few, a little) mbovy

mark n (scar) pere v (line, scratch, write) hai

market n merkádo (span.), rekóva (span.)

(store) almacen (span.)

marmalade n (conserve, sweet) mermelada (span.), kosereva (span.)

marmot n (mouse, rat) angujamarriage n mendamarried woman n kuñakarai, Ña (span.), senyora (span.)

married aj mendaremarrow n karaku

(heartwood, center) pyteremarry v menda

(be united) joaju (ja)masculine sex n,sf (male) kuimba'e

mash v hunga, mongu’i(pound) patuka

mass n (funeral) mísamassage v (rub, pet) japichy

(rub, anoint) popichy (ai)master n (owner, patron) járamasticate v (bite, chew) su’u (ai)match n (firewood) tatarâ

v (pair up) mbojojamate n (companion) irûmattress n kochô (span.)

mature aj (soft, bland, tender) hu’û (s. tu’û)

aj,© (ripe, seasoned, adult) aju=tyarô immature aj (tender) kyr_i

maw n (mouth, beak, opening) juru(goiter, craw) ju’ái

may it be (God willing) hi’â (no i.o.) (ahata hi’â ko ára pe=God willing, I’ll go today)

maybe ikatu neme pn (I, my) che (d.o.)

(only me, just me) che meme nte(I’m the one, it’s me!) che ha'e

for me (to me) chéve (i.o.)

(in my opinion) chéve guarâfrom me cheheguilike me chéichaonly me cheño, che meme nte, chentekothrough me che reheto me (to where I am) che rendápe

(for me) chéve (i.o.)

with me che pýri, chendive(through me) che rehe

without me che rehe’_, che’_rehemeal n (food, dish, provisions, supplies) tembi’u (o)

(food) karumean aj,© (contemptible, low, thieving) pokovi

(stingy, avaricious) rakate’_ (o)

meanness n (avarice) takate'_(o)

meanwhile av (in this moment) upe jave(simult., past) upeaja

measles n (blister, smallpox) mbiru’a, sarapîu (span.)

measure v (throw) ha’âmeasurement n ta’â (o)

meat n (flesh) so’o, to’o (o)

meat balls n so’oapu'aground meat n so’oku’i

medicine n pohâtake medicine v ñepohanô

meet v (encounter, find) juhu=johu, topa (span.)

(collect, unite, gather) mbyaty=mboaty(assemble) ñembyaty(run into, go to meet) huguâitî=huvaitî (o) (asp)

(see each other) jecha=jehechameeting n ñembyatymelon n (cantaloupe) merô (span.)

melt v (remove moisture) mbohyku (s. tyku)

member n (friend) sósio (span.)

member of the family n (relative) ogayguamemory n,© (remembrance) mandu’a, akângatu

(love) anga’umend v (correct, patch) myatyrômess n (confusion, tangle) javo’ói

(entanglement, muddle, trap) apañuâi=apajuâimess with v (steal) javykymidday n (noontime) asajepytemiddle n (center, half) mbyte

(waist) ku’a(m. part, center) apyte(navel, center) puru’â (naranja puru’â=navel

orange) in the middle of av,ppn mbytépe (ka’aguy

mbytépe=in the middle of the woods)

middleaged man n,© lekajamiddle-aged woman n lechâi

midget n (dwarf) karape’i, tupe, enano (span.)

midnight n (middle of the night) pyharepytemidst av (among) pa’ûmildew n (mold) tavêmilk n kamby

v (squeeze, express) ñamimilk cow n lechéra (span.)

millipede n (centipede, pillbug) ambu’amimosa n (low spiny legume) jukerimind n mente (span.)

bring to mind v (remember) momandu'amine poss.pn (my thing) chemba’emirror n itangechamiserly aj takate'_(o)

(avid, piggy, avaricious) taryrýi aj,© (whimpering, complaining) chi’ô

Miss n kuñataiMr. n karaiMrs. n kuñakaraimiss v (wish to see) hechaga'u (asp)

(lack) vata (span.)

mist n (cloud of dust) yvytimbomistake n (error) javy

mistaken (be) v (be wrong) jeavy=javymix v mbojehe'a (s. jehe’a)

(get involved) jehe'amixed aj (languages, foods) jóparamixture n jehe'a

(languages, foods) jóparamoan © (complain, breathe) pyahêmob n (rabble, disorder, revolution) guyryrymobile aj ku’e

restricted mobility © marakachamodel for (was the) sf (made of) guiguaremoist aj (wet, soaked) ak_moisture n (juice,wetness) tykue=tyku (o)

remove moisture v (melt) mbohykumolar tooth n tâi guasu (o)

(tooth) tâi (o)

mold n tavê (o)

moldy aj havêmoment n sapy'a

at the moment av (right then) javete (s. jave)

a moment ago av (just now, recently) angetemomentarily av (instantly, at once) sapy’áite

(very soon, presently) vokói= vokóinteMonday n lûne (span.)

money n viru (span.), pláta (span.), pira pire (lit: fish scales), tembirepykue (o)

(valuable object, jewel) tembirepy (o)

monkey n (big) karaja(small) ka’i

month n (moon) jasymood n (skin) pire

be in a bad mood © (be grouchy) pire vaibe in a good mood © pire porâ

moon n (month) jasymoonlight n ñasaindymore aj (number and quantity) hetave

av (a little) míve av.sf ite (superlative, with a,o)

ete (superlative, with e,i,u,y)

ve (aipotave=I want more)more or less av.sf (almost) nunga

morning n pyharevein the morning av pyharevévo, pyharevekue

mortar n (for grinding) angu’amosquito n ñati’ûmoth n (butterfly) panambi

(big & black) úramoth-eaten aj (perforated) tigua’âmother n (old woman) sy

mother of God n (Mary) tupâsymotorbike n móto (span.)

mottled aj (half ripe, variegated) apejumount n (place, site, horse) tenda (o)

mountain n (hill) yvyty, ka’aguy disiérto (span.)

mourn v (feel, regret, lament, deplore) mbyasymouse n (rat, marmot) angujamouth n (beak, opening, maw) juru

open-mouthed aj,© (astonished) jurujáimove v ku’e, mongu’e

(shake) mýi, momymýi(agitate) monguchu(relocate, transfer, transplant) rova=va (gue)

(m. oneself, be moved, walk) ñemomýimove around v (change site) ava

(wander) kundaha (ai)(investigate) pyguara

move away v (absent oneself) ñemomombyry(remove) momombyry(come loose) jei (gui)

movies n (theater) cine (span.)

mow v (cut hair, shear, prune, skin, peel) ñapî=apîmuch aj (many)

av (very) heta(a great deal) demaite (span.)

(very, too) ikoe sf eta (with e,i,u,y), ita (used with a,o)

av.sf ite (superlative, with a,o)

ete (superlative, with e,i,u,y)

not much aj ndahetái=sa’ími(few, little, not many) mbovy

very much av hetaite, hetaiterei av.sf eterei (super-superlative, with e,i,u,y)

iterei (super-superlative, with a,o)

mucus n (phlegm, snot) ambýumud n (hard, clay) ñai’û=ñay’û

(clay, rot) tujumuddle n (mess, entanglement, trap) apañuâi=apajuâi

(confusion) kaguyjy, mazamorra (span.)

mudhole n (difficulty) karuguamulatto n,aj ka’ajarýimule n (burro) mburika (span.)

multi-colored aj mbatara (esp. birds)

muscle n (tendon) tajyguemusic n mba’epu

dance music n kyre’_must sf (have to, ought to, should) va’erâ=vaerâ=arâ (obligatory future)

mute n,aj ñe’engumutual love n (love one other) joayhu (ja)mutually av (of each other) ojoehe=ojoupe

(from each other) ojuehegui

pf ño=jo (ju,ñu)my poss.aj che

my dear n chepa'imy friend n cheduo (span.), cheamigo (span.),

chera'amyopic (be) v hechambykymyself (of or through) refl.pn chejehe

of myself chejeheto myself che jeupe=chejupe

mysterious aj (uncertain, hidden) herungua=heruvânail v (wound, esp. with s.t. sharp) kutu (ai)naked aj (nude) opívo

(loose, free, uncovered) nandi v (undress) ñemboi, mboi

name n téra (o)

v mbohéranamed (is) © (is called) héra 3rd (s.téra)

nap n topevy (o)

© ropevy (o)

nape of neck n (back) atúanarrate v (tell, advise, denounce) mombe'unarrow aj pychi’î, (of a dress, room, road) pyka’i

aj,© (thin) po’ination n (country, homeland) tetâ (o)

native n (of a country) tetâygua (o)

nature n (character, conduct, disposition) teko (o)

bad character n (bad conduct) tekovai (o)

© rekovai (o)

bad-tempered aj pire vainaughty aj (bad, contemptible) aña=ñañanausea n,© (dizzyness) akâjere

(be nauseated) py’ajere( have indigestion) py’avai

nauseated aj,© (dizzy) akânga’unavel n (middle, center) puru’â (naranja puru’â=navel orange)near av a_ui

ppn (together in a place) ypýpe ( ijypýpe=near him)

very near av (right here) apetenearby av (right here) ko’apetenearly av (perhaps) mo’â;

pf (almost, lacks very little) háimete=mo’ânearly dawn av ko’êmota

necessary (is) v tekotevê (the action of the 2nd verb)

that which is necessary n oikotevêva peguarânot necessary v natekotevêi

necessity n tekotevêneck n ajúranecklace n mbo’yneed v (lack) kotevê (ai)

nothing more is needed av (that’s all) no más (span.)

needle n (arrival, coming ) juneedy aj (poor, indigent) mboriahu=poriahuneglect v hechagiNegro n (dark person) kambaneighbor n ykereguaneighborhood n vário (span.)

nest n (den, burrow) taity (o)

bird’s nest n guyra rupa; make a nest v jaityponetwork n (union) joaju (ja)never av araka'eve

(perhaps) marô=maramo,never more, nothing) marôve

never mind av (nothing, no one) maravenevermore av (never, nothing) marôvenevertheless av (although) ko’ýte

(until, also, even) jepe cj (because, but, and) ha

new aj,© (young, fresh, beginning) pyahunewborn (be) v (leave, exit, come out) sê

news n (notice) marandunext one pn próximo (span.)

next to av a_uiguanibble v (debark) pe’o (ai)

(gnaw, eat) ñapi’ûnice aj (likeable, popular) ka’avonight n (evening) pyhare

last night av ange pyhare=a_epyhareevery night av cada pyhare (span.)

nip v (pinch, peck) pichâi (ai)no av nahániri=ahániri

ij (absolutely ‘no way’) nanga(I hope not, I don’t believe it) anichéne(never) aniangákena (neg. imper.)

aj ( nobody, none) mavave=avavepf nd, n

no more sf (only, uniquely) nteno more please ph anivéna, tovénano one pn (not one, none) nipeteî

(nothing, never mind) maraveno reason pn (nothing) mba’eve

nobody pn (none, no one) mavave=avavenocturnal aj pyharenoise n (as of cans) pararâ

(sound) gualalamake noise v mbohyapu (s. tyapu)

(complain) lala=gualala(as from cans) mopararâ (s. pararâ)

(thunder, stampede) sunu 3rd

none pn (not one, no one) nipeteî(nobody, no one) mavave=avave

there is none ph (there is no..) ndaipórinonsense n (absurd thing) mba’é reiete, mba’eve reinoontime n (midday) asajepytenoplace av (nowhere) mamovenormally av (usually, habitually) jepinose n (beak, snout) tî

(snout, nostrils) apynguabig-nosed aj tiguasu=tinguasulong-nosed aj,© tîmbuku

nostalgia n techaga’u (o)

nostril n tinguára=tiguára(nose, snout) apyngua

not one pn (none, no one) nipeteînot yet av ne’îra=ne’irâiti

(still) gueterinote v (consider, attend) hechakuaa (s. techakuaa)

notebook n kuátiaha'i=kuatiañe’ênothing pn (never mind, no one) marave

(for no reason) mba’evefor nothing av (freely, futilely, in vain) rei,

mba’éverânothing av (never, nevermore) marôvenotice n (news) marandu

v (fix on, attend to) jesareko(understand, consider, note) hechakuaa

notify v (advise) avisa (span.)

(advise) momarandu (s. marandu)

now av (today, this time) ko’á_a, agâ(suddenly) sapy'a

from now on av ko’a_a guivenow is the hour ph (it’s time) órama (span.)

now that ppv (because) pýpenowhere n,av (noplace) moôve, mamovenude aj (bare) opívonuisance n výro rei (span.)

nurse v (as a baby, suck) kambu (rehe)

(give milk) mokambunursing child n (suckling child) mitâkambuobey v (fulfill, complete) mboaje (s. aje)

obligate v (bind together, tie) juraobligation n (conduct, occupation) tekorâ (o)

obscene aj (bad, indecent, shameless) tie’_obscure v (darken) mopytû (s. pytû)

observe v (see, know, verify) hecha (asp) (s. techa)

observer n (watcher) mañaha, m’êha, voluobstacle n (barrier) jokohaobstructed (be) v (stopped up) pa’â=ñepa’âobtain v (catch up, reach) hupity=hupyty

(get) consegui (span.)

occasion n (time) jevy=jeyoccasionally av (sometimes) amóme

(few,little by little) mim (sometimes) sapy'apy'a

occupation n (conduct, obligation) tekorâ (o)

occupied (be) v (employed, tied up) jejokuáioccur v (happen) jehu 3rd

odor n (fragrance) tyakuâ (o)

(strong , bad) nevuof ppn (from a place) gui (eskuelagui=from school)of course av (without fail) katuete

(obviously) hesakâoffend v (anger, irritate) moñemyrô (s. ñemyro)

(annoy, abuse) jahéi(sting, irritate) ko’ô (ai)(irritate the eyes) hesako’ô (s. tesa)

offended (be) © py’ako’ô(resent) py’arasy

offense n ñemyrô(injury) jahéi(irritation) ko’ô

take offense v (get angry) ñemyrôoffer n ñekuave’ê

v (volunteer, present, extend) ñekuave’ê(give, promise, present) kuave’ê (ai)

offering n ñekuâoffspring n ñemoñaoften av (frequently) py’_i

very often av.sf manterei (superlative of mante)

oh! ij e’ánde!, e'a!, hípa!oh my! ij e’ákende!, ndevárvaro (span.)

oil n (cooking or motor) aséite (span.)

(grease, fat, butter) ñandyv (grease) moñandy

O.K. ij iporâmaold aj (antique) ymáguare

old woman n guai_uiolder woman n (not very old) lechâiold man n tuja, lepiju

on ppn (in, at, to, for) pe=me (e.g., chéve, ichupe)(on top of) ári (kavaju ári=on horseback)

on all fours av (crawling) opóvoon account of cj upéicharô, upémarô

once av (one time) peteîjeyonce (at) av (right away) mandi (tereho mandi =Go

at once)(immediately, always, continuously) meme(immediately, very, promptly) voi(instantly, in a moment) sapy’áite

once in a while av sapy’apy’aone aj,pn (a, an) peteî

pn peteîva(someone, who?) máva

one time av (once) peteîjeyoneself aj (by oneself, alone) ae(che ha’e ae=I alone)

sf te (chete=I myself)onion n sevói (span.)

only av (scarcely , with no alternative) mante(about to) ae (che ae ajapota=(I only will do it) sf (uniquely, no more) nte

only that sf (but, That’s it) ntekoooze irr.v (filter) ho’yga, ygaopen aj pyso

v (uncover) juru’o

(enlarge, extend, unfold, stretch) pyso (ai) (remove, take off, uncover) pe’a (ai)sf jái (ijurujái hína=he’s open-mouthed)

open the eyes v (become aware) jesape’aopen out v (clear up) jepe’a 3rd (said of the weather)

open-handed aj (generous) pojeraopen-mouthed aj,© (astonished) jurujáiopening n (mouth, beak, maw) juru

(firewood, separation) jepe’aopinion n (supposition) ñeimo’â, py’añe’ê

in my opinion ij (for me) chéve guarâ oppress v (grasp tightly, crowd) jopy

© (grieve, sorrow) py’apyoptimistic aj,© (diligent, active) kyre’_or cj terâ=téaorange n narâ, naranja (span.)

orator n (speaker) oñe’êvaorder n (neatness) sarambi’_

order v (engage, ask a favor, get help) jokuái(send, bring, send for) mbou (s. (a)ju)

(send to) mondo (span.)

put in order v (put in rows) mbohysýi (s. tysýi)

ordinary aj kachâchâorganize v moî porâorifice n (hole, cavern) kuára=kuaorigin n (beginning) ypy, ñepyrûornament n jeguaka

v (adorn) mbojegua (s. jegua)

orphan n tyre’_orphaned aj tyre’_other pn,aj (another the other) ambue

the other day n,av kokueheother people’s aj (another’s) ahéno (span.)

others n (relatives, mankind) tapicha (o)

otherwise cj (or if not..) _ramo, osíno (span.)

ought to sf (have to, must, should) va’erâ=vaerâ=arâ (obligatory future)

our poss.aj ñande=ñane (incl.), ore (excl.)

ours poss.pn ñanemba’e (incl.), oremba’e (excl.)

ourselves refl.pn ñandejupe of ourselves ñandejeheguito ourselves ñandejupe

outside n oka, okára av (in the countryside) okápe

toward the outside av okágotyooval n apu’a

aj (round, spherical) apu'aoven n (furnace, fire hole) tatakuaover av (above) ári

over there av amooverflow v (be spilled, leaked) ñehêoverfull (be) v chovi 3rd

aj (plentiful) chovioverturn v (throw, knock over) ty (ai)overturned (be) v (fall, be upset) japaroowner n (master, patron) jára

(of something) mba’ejára ownerless n (unclaimed thing) mba’é jára’_ox n guéi (span.)

oxen guéija (span.)

oxcart n karréta (span.)

package n (parcel, bundle) jokuapy v mbohyru (s. tyru)

pail n (bucket) várte (span.)

pain n jehýi v (cramp, itch, ache) jehýi 3rd

double in pain v (cramp) mokuruchî (s. kuruchî)

palate n (of mouth) apekûpale n tesa’yju (o)

aj (yellow) hesa’yju (o)

(yellow, anemic) sa’yju=sayjupatî

palm n (of the hand) popyte(tree) mbocaja, pindo, karanda’y

palpate v (throb, flap wings) perere(touch, feel) jepovyvy

pamper v (caress) mochichi (s. chichi) pampering n,© (petting, spoiling) kunu’ûpan n (pot) olla (span.)

panorama n (good eyesight, vista) tesapyso (o)

pant © (gasp) juku’a (gasp, snore) ambu

panting n (gasp, snore) ambupants n kasô (span.), vaqueros (span.), pantalones (span.)

papaya n mamón=mamóne (span.)

paper n kuatiaparadise n (eden) vy’araityParaguayan aj paraguayoParaguayan tea n (infusion of ka’a) ka’ay=mate

Paraguayan tea cooked with milk n jygue=kosídoParaguayan tea plant (Ilex paraguayensis) n

ka’a, yerba mate (span.)

paralytic aj (deformed) ñepâparasite n (worm) sevo’iparcel n (bundle, package) jokuapyparched (be) aj,© (withered) aviru= haviru (o)

pardon v ñangai’opardon me ph (excuse me) chedikúlpe me (span.)

parrot n gua’apart n (fragment, piece) vo, pehengue

(knot, lump, piece) akytâ v (divide, slice) mbovo

part of ppn (pertaining to) rehegua (okê rehegua=part of the door)

partial aj pehe’âpartner n javevepartridge n kogoe, ynambu, tataupa (6 kinds)

party v (have a good time) farrea (span.)

(sing together) ropurahei evening party n (overnight visit) veláda (span.)

pass v (pass through, transit) hasapass over v (put aside, segregate) mboyke (s. yke)

pass under v (insert under) guyru (ai)pass through v (pass, transit) hasapass in front v henonde’a (s. tenonde)

passion n,© (enthusiasm) akârakupassion flower n (vine, passion fruit) mburukuja

past n ohasava’ekue (lit:it happened)

paste v (glue, smear) monapatch v (correct, adjust, mend) myatyrôpath n (road, track, way) tape (o)

patient aj (resistent, hard to break) hosâlose patience v jahéi

patio n korapy, pátio (span.)

patron n (owner, master) járapause n pyta

v (stop, stay, remain) pytapaw n (leg of animal, long leg bone) kupypay v paga (span.)

(reward) hepyme'ê (o) (asp)

(compensate) mbuekovia (s. tekovia)

pay attention v (attend to) ntende (span.)

(attend to, fix on) jesareko(notice, understand) hechakuaa

peace n (tranquility) py’aguapypeanut n manduvipebble n itakuruvipeck v (pinch, nip) pichâi (ai)peel n (skin, bark, hide) pire

(peeling) pirekuefruit rind n yva pire

peel v (skin) pire’o (ai)(debark, skin) haryvo(debark) piro (ai)

(cut hair, shear, prune, mow, skin) ñapî=apîpeel off clothes v (lose one’s hair) jepiro

peeled aj popîpen n (corral) kora (span.)

(ballpoint) bolígrafo (span.)

penis n tapi’a(bud, sprout, shoot) tembo (o)

pepper n (black) pimiento (span.)

(green) locote (span.)

hot red pepper n ky’_ipeople (person) n hénte (span.)

(human being, inhabitant) yvypóra,perforate v (make holes in) mbokua (s. kua) perforated aj (moth-eaten, weevil-eaten) tigua’âperform v (make, do, fabricate, construct) japo=apo

fail to perform v (spoil, upset, worsen) haruperfume v mohyakuâperhaps av (never) marô, maramo

(nearly) mo’âperiod n (day, weather, sky) árapermit v (leave, let, allow) heja

(make free) mosâso© sâso (che sâso=I have permission)

person n (life, subject, individual, subject) tekove (o)

(Indian, who) ava(Christian) kristiâno (span.)

unknown person n hénte (span.)

(human being, inhabitant) yvypóra, pn ma’êra, fulano

perspiration n (sweat) ty’ái (o) (jagua ry’ái=nothing)pertaining to ppn (part of) rehegua (okê rehegua=part of

the door)pest n plága (span.)

pesticide n pohâ jukahainsecticida (span.)

(medicine) remedio (span.), pohâpestle n avatisoka (used with mortar)pet v (caress) havi’u

(rub, massage) japichy(rub, scrub, adore) pichy (ai)

petting n,© , (pampering, spoiling) kunu’ûpharmacy n farmácia (span.), pohâ vendehaphlegm n (mucus, snot) ambýupick v (choose, select) poravo (ai)pick up v (collect, harvest) mono'ô (s. no’ô)

piece n (fragment) vo(fragment, relative) pehengue(knot, lump, bit, wart) akytâ

pig n kurewild pig n (javelina) tajasu, kure ka’aguyeat like a pig © karukurepig wallow n (pigpen) kurekua

pigeon pea n kumanda yvyra'i (lit: little bean tree)

piggy aj (avid, avaricious, miserly) taryrýipigpen n (pig wallow) kurekuapigskin n (Argentine) kurepipile n (heap) chovi 3rd, atýra, (portion) atyre, (of gravel

or debris) kuruvitypillbug n (centipede, millipede) ambu’apillow n aramboha (span.)

(bolster) akângytapimple n (blackhead, acne) jari’ipinch v (nip, peck) pichâi (ai)

(warn, advise, put on guard) ñatôipineapple n piña (span.)

avakachîpink aj (light red) pytangypip n (germ, seed, core, kernel, semen) ta’_i (o)

pipe n (for smoking) pipa (span.), petyngua(for water) caño (span.)

pique n (chigger, sand flea) tû=píke (span.)

piranha n pirâipit n (hole) yvykuapitcher n (jug) kambuchipitter-patter v pororo 3rd

pity n (compassion) poriahuvereko v poriahuvereko (ai) (aiporiahuverekoetema pe

kuñakarai pe=I pity that woman)(lament s.t., express sympathy) rombyasy

place n (site, mount, horse) tenda (o)

mamo (mamo gua pande=What place are you from?)

n,© rendápe (o)

v (put, enable, train)put in place v mohendalook for a place v ñemohendain this place av (here) ápe

plains n (flat ground) yvype on the plains av yvypépe

plant n ka’avoyoung plant n yva ra'y

plant v (breed, cultivate, reproduce) moñemoña(seed, sow) ñot_, ñemit_

planted (be) v (buried) ñeñot_planted field n (vegetable garden) kógaplanting n (crop, sowing) ñemit_, temit_ (o)

sf (collection, grouping) ty=ndy (avitity=cornfield)

plate n platillo (span.), ña’embeplatter n (tray) huénte (span.)

play v huga (span.)

(test, try, imitate) ha’â (s. ta’â)

(make sound as from an instrument) mbopu (s.

pu) (enjoy oneself) ñembosaráiplay a trick v (at cards) trukea (span.)

play an instrument v (touch lightly) atôi=ñatôi, mbopuplayful (one) n (gay one, sprightly one) saraki

aj,© (hardheaded) akâhatâplaza n (square) okarusupleasant aj,© gúto (span.), rory (o)

aj horýva (said of a person)

please sf na (imperative, friendly request)

mi (imperative, begging) (ehechami=Please look)please no ph tovéna

pleased aj (glad, satisfied) angapyhy, satisfecho (span.)

© (like) guta (span.)

(glad, satisfied) angapyhyplentiful (be) v (overfull) chovi 3rd

plenty av (too much) dema (span.)

plethora n (fullness, repletion, satisfaction) tenyhê (o)

plow n arádo (span.)

plow v (dig, make a hole) jo’oara (span.)

plug n (block, clog) ñepa’âv (obstruct, block) mopa’â

plugged (be) v pa’âplush n (down, fuzz) taviju (o)

pocket n mbayru’i, bolsillo (span.)

pocket knife n kyse’ipod n (case, receptacle, container) ryru (mba’eryru=shopping bag)point n takua (o)

(horn, thorn) tatî (o)

(tip, extreme, beginning) apy(tip, limit, end) apýra

on the point of sf (almost, in the near future) pota= mbota

pointed aj (sharp, acute) hakua (o), akua (s. takua)

poison n veneno(span.), pohâ jukahapoke v (stir, search, grope) povyvy (ai)

(investigate, stir) hyvykôipolenta n (corn meal dish) rora

policeman n (guard, agent) tahachipolish v mos_i (s. sýi)

polychrome aj (variegated) paraponcho n (cover, scarf) ahojapond n (in a swamp) karaguapoor aj (indigent, needy) mboriahu=poriahupoor (one) n mboriahu=poriahuPoor thing! ij,sf anga (hasy’anga=poor sick one)

aichejárangapoorly av vai

do poorly v (do in the wrong way, badly) apovai=japovai (rehe)

popular aj (likeable, attractive) kavure’i(nice, likeable) ka’avo

portend v (threaten) ha’anga (s. ta’anga)

portion n (pile) atyrepossess v (have) guereko=reko

take possession of v (appropriate) ñembojárapossible v katu

if it is possible ph ikatu guiveimpossible (it’s) v ndikatuí

post n póte (span.)

(forked p. that supports roof beam) horkon (span.), tokytapot n (pan) olla (span.)

large pot n japepopound v (crush, grind) joso

(mash) patukapour v (spill, shed) ñohê

(spill, empty) hykuavo=hekuavopowder n ku’ipower n pu’aka=po’aka

in the power of (in the hands of) poguipowerful aj po’aka=pu’akapowerful (be) ©,aj (wide, great man) poguasu

(competent, capable, rich) tekovepractical aj iporâ, porâpractice v practica (span.)

praise v (admire) porangereko (ai)(admire, appreciate) momba’e (s. mba’e)

momba’eguasuprayer n (instruction) ñembo’epray v ñembo’epredicament n (agave field, difficulty) karaguatatyprefer v (put forward) motenonde (s. tenonde)

prefer to speak v ñe’esevepregnancy n puru’a, tyeguasu (o)

prepare v (get ready) ñemosako'i, mbosako’i, jeprepara

(span.)

prepared (be) v (prepare oneself) sako’i © (get ahead, triumph) yvytu

preschool n (classes for 4 year-olds) mitâ’i rógapresence (in the) ppn (in front of) rovake (o)

© rováipresent v (give, deliver, cede) me’ê

(offer, give, promise) kuave’ê (ai)(volunteer, offer, extend) ñekuave’ê

present (be) v me (ai)presently av (very soon, momentarily) vokói= vokóintepresident n (chief, authority) mburuvicha

(superior, head, chief) tuvicha (o)

pretty soon av (immediately) segida (span.), voiprice v (make expensive) mbohepy (s. tepy)

price n tepykue (o)

(dearness, cost) tepy (o)

priest n pa’iprimarily av (first, before) raê (ha’e raê=him first)probable aj katu

it’s probable ph ikatu porâprobably av oiméne

(apparently, seemingly--but untrue) váicha

problem n problema (span.)

procure v (p. the necessities of life) jehekaproducts (of the countryside) n kógakueprofession n (author, maker) apohaprogress n akârapu’âpromise v (offer, give, present) kuave’ê (ai)promise n (contract) ñe’ême’êpromptly av segida (span.)

(immediately, at once, very) voipropagate v (spread) moasâi=myasâi (s. asâi)

(reproduce) ñemoñaprotect v (care for, watch over, guard) ñangarekoprotection n ñangarekoprotuberance n (bump on head, big thing) akându=kanduproud aj jejapo

proud (be) v (selfish) ñemomba’ese(have made, feign) jejapo

feel proud © (satisfied) aguaraproverb n (saying) ñe’engaprovide v mbo, mo, mby, my, mbu, mu (provide with

something) (mboao= providewith clothing) (mongaru=provide with food, feed), (mbo’y, mboy’u=provide with water,

water)provisions n (food, dish, meal, supplies) tembi’u (o)

prune v (p. the lower branches of a tree) guyro(p. upper branches of tree) hu’â’o (asp.)

(cut hair, shear, mow, skin, peel) ñapî=apîpuff n peju; v (blow as the wind, fan) peju (ai)pull v (drag) mbotyryry (s. tyryry)

pull out v (pour, shed. take out) ñohê pull up v (break, tear, rip) mondoro

pulse n (wrist) pyapypulverized aj ku’ipunish v (hit, strike, lash) mbuepoti=mbyepoti (s. poti)

(hit, strike, beat) nupâ (ai)(reprimand) havira

for punishment porkatígo (span.)

pupil n (of eye) tesa’_i (o)

(student) temimbo’e (o)

pure aj (unstained, virgin) mara’_pure water n yreipurify v (wash) johéi

(clean) mopotî(remove dirt) ky’a’o

purpose n (heart, entrails, head, thought) py’a, ñe’âpursue v (chase) muñapus n mbéu=péupush v (shove) muaña=myaña (s. aña)

put v (enable, train, qualify) moî (s. oî)

put above v (lift, elevate) hupiput aside v (segregate, pass over) mboyke (s. yke) put forward v (prefer) motenonde (s. tenonde)

put in order v (put in rows) mbohysýi (s. tysýi)

put in place v (accomodate) mohenda (s. tenda)put on v (dress) mondeput on guard v (pinch, warn, advise) ñatôiput one’s arms akimbo v jeku’akoput on top v (stack) jo’a

(add on to) mbojo’a (s. jo’a)

put out v (expel, fire, discharge, deport) mosê (s. sê)

(extinguish) mbogue (s. gue)

put to bed v moñeno (s. ñeno)

(host for the night) monge (s. ke)

put together v (correct, adjust) myatyrôqualify v (put, enable, train) moî (s. oî)

queen bee n kava la réina (span.)

(also honey) éira la rêina (span.)

question n poranduquestionnaire n poranduha

quibble n,© ñemyrondequibbling (be) © (hairsplitting) ñemyrondequickly av pya’e

(suddenly, without delay) vokóikequiet v (stay, be reduced to silence) ñemokirirî

(still, not moving) pytaquiet aj (timid, slow, useless) aruru

(reserved) apeguy ©,aj (reserved) kirirî

quietly av (in silence) kirirîhápequiver v (shiver, vibrate) ryrýi (gui)

rabbit n (hare) tapitirabble n (mob, disorder, revolution) guyryryraceme n (bunch) apesâracket n (very loud noise) tyapu (o)

raft n (in the river) ypegua, volsa (span.)

rafter n (or beam in a roof) víga (span.)

rag n aosorokueragged aj (torn) chalái

rain n ama v ky 3rd

looks like rain ph (it’s trying to rain) okyserain water n amandykyresound of rain n (uproar) guararawater v mongy

raise v (bring up) ñemoña(lift, elevate) mopu’â

raise dust v (make smoke) motimbo (s. timbo)

rancor n (bitterness, sorrow, hatred) py’arorape v (attack, run over) rairôrapidity n,© (hurry, speed) ta_e (o)

rapidly av,© (quickly) pya’e av (strongly) hatâ (o) (s. tatâ)

rare aj (sparse, scarce, few) pokârash n (bruise, urticaria) apenorasp v (scrape) heýo (asp.)

rat n (mouse, marmot) angujarattle v (chirp (cricket), squawk, screech) chini 3rd

(shake, trimble) mbotarara (s. tarara)

rattlesnake n mboichiniraw aj (uncooked) pýrareach v (catch up, obtain) hupity=hupyty read v lee (span.), moñe’êready aj oîmareal aj (actual) añetereally av (certainly) añete

ij,av añeí (pa) ij (true, certainly, yes, sure) aje (pa) sf (emphatic, affirmative) ko, niko, ningo

rear part n (back, spine) kupe(back, part in back) takykue=tapykue

rear part (in the) av (behind) takykuéri (o)

reason n (head, judgement, ability, top) akâfor no reason pn mba’evégui

recently av ko’angete(just now, a moment ago) angete (angete aha

kuri=I recently went)(a short while ago, just yesterday) kokuehete(a while ago, recent past) aje’i=uje’i (aje’i aju

nde rendápe=I recently came to your place) av.sf (just) ramo (a_uahe ramo=I just entered)

receptacle n (pod, case, container) ryrurecover v (become healthy) kuerarecovery n (convalescence) py’atâred aj pytâ

to color red v mopytâreduce v (make less) moñyñýireed n (rush, straw) pirireexamine v (search) guyguyreflect v (introspect, think about) jepy’amongetareflect on v (ruminate, chew, gnaw) ñamindu’ureflection n,© (calmness, tranquility) akâguapy

refresh v (enliven) mbopiro’y (s. piro’y)

(be refreshing) ñembopiro'yrefrigerate v (chill) moho’ysâregret v (feel, lament, mourn, deplore) mbyasy

© (feel sorry, grieve) ñembyasyregularity n tekojojaregulate v moî porâ, moî hendarein in v (control) jurukarejoice v (be happy) vy’a (rehe)

rejoicing n (happiness, gladness) tory (o)

aj,© (glad, happy) rory (o)

rejuvenate v (make oneself young) ñemongaria’yrelative n pehengue

(member of the family) ogaygua(others, mankind) tapicha (o)

(people) hénte (span.)

relieve v (substitute, exonerate) pyru (ai)relish v (roll on the palate with the tongue) kûmby (ai)relocate v (move, transfer, transplant) rova=va (gue)

remain v (stay, stop) pytaremainder n (residue, surplus) temby (o)

(excess, residue--past) tembyre (o)

remedy n pohanô; v (cure, treat, correct) pohanô (ai)remember ©,n mandu’a (rehe)

v (bring to mind) momandu'a remembrance n,© (memory) mandu’a (rehe)

remove v (withdraw) nohê (gue)

(take off, open, uncover) pe’a (ai)(move away) momombyry (s. mombyry)

(liquid) tykua (ai)(extract) hekýi(search for) jeporeka

rent v alquíla (span.)

repair v (arrange) regla (span.)

(make the same) mbojoja(mend, correct, restore) myatyrô(advance, achieve) moingo

repeat v repiti (span.)

replace v (substitute, change) mbyengovia= mbyekoviareplace each other v (take turns) jopyru (ja)

replacement n (substitute) tekovia (o)

replacing ppv (instead of) ranguerepletion n (fullness, satisfaction, plethora) tenyhê (o)

reprimand v (punish) havirareproduce v (breed, cultivate, plant) moñemoñarepugnance n (aversion) jeguarureputation n (rumor) terakuâ (o)

request v (ask for, implore) jerureresemble v (seem) jogua

(be equal to) jojaresembling sf (of this kind, in this form) peichaguaresent © (be offended) py’arasyresentment n py’arasyreserved aj (quiet) apeguy

reserved (be) ©,aj (be quiet) kirirîresidue n (rubble, ashes) kusugue

(remainder, surplus) temby (o)

(remainder, excess--past) tembyre (o)

resist v (endure, dig in heels) jepytasoresistance n (hardness, toughness) tatâ (o)

(muscle strength) tajygueresistant aj (sticky, gummy) jajy

(hard to break) hosâaj,© (strong) jy

resonate v (crackle) chararârespiration n pytuhêrespire v (breathe) pytu

©,n pytuhêrespond v (talk back, be cheeky) mbohovái (s. továi)

(lift the head, convalesce) ñakarapu’âresponse n (answer) mbohovái restore v (return) me’êjevy

(mend, correct) myatyrô(make even) mbojoja

restrain v (strengthen, block) mopa’â (s. pa’â)

rest n pytu’u(residue, other) ambue(residue) hembýva v (rest, take vacation) pytu’u

restroom n letrina (span.), baño (span.)

result n (work, labor, act) tembiapo (o)

return v (restore) me’êjevyresuscitate v (revive) moingoveretain v (save, keep) ñongatu

© rekove (o)

revive v (resuscitate) moingoverevolution n (mob, rabble, disorder) guyryryreward v (pay) hepyme'ê (o) (asp)

rhea n (large flightless bird) ñanduguasurheumatism n (bone pain) kanguerasyrice n arro (span.)

rich aj plátaheta (span.)

(competent, capable, powerful) tekove © (flavorful) ríko (span.)

it is rich aj (savory, flavorful, delicious) heright n (hand) derecha (span.), akatúva

right here av (nearby) ko’apete(very near) apete

right now av (within a short time) a_aiteright there av upépete

rigid (one) n (stiff, of bad character) kanguerorim n (lip) tembe (o) (top of rim-before the side or tembe’y)

ring n kuairû, sortíha (span.)

ring v (as a bell, sound) gualala ©,n (sound) pu

ringleader n (leader, chief) tendotarinse v (clean, scrub) johýirip v (tear, burst) soro

(tear) hary(break, tear, pull up) mondoro

ripe aj,© (seasoned, mature, adult) aju=tyarôhalf ripe aj (variegated, mottled) apeju

ripen v (season, bother, annoy) mboaju= mbyajumake ripen v (hasten the ripening of) motyarô

ripple v (wave) moapopê (s. apopê)

rise v (ascend, go up, climb) jupirisk n (hazard, danger) kyhyjeharival n ñemôi (among women)

river n (creek, running water) ysyry, y(stream) arrójo (span.)

large river n yguasuriverbank n (beach) yrembe’yroad n (path, track, way) tape (o)

by the side of the road av tape ykérupi (o)

roar n kororô v (growl, snore) kororô

roast v (annoy) mbichy(barbecue) moka’ê(toast) maimbe(burn, bother) hesy (asp)

roast meat n (barbecue) so’o ka’ê, asádo (span.)

roasted aj (barbecued) ka’ê, mbichyrob v (hide, cover) ñomi, (steal) monda

robbed (be) v ñemondarobbery n ñemondarock n (stone) ita

v (shake, agitate) mbokacha (s. kacha)

rock oneself v (swing) ñemyatimóirocky field n itaty

role of (in the) ppn ramo (gerente ramo=acting manager)roll v jere

roll on the palate v (relish) kûmby (ai)roll about v (slip, slide) japojeréi

roof n técho (span.)

roof a house v (cover a house) ógahoja (span.)

room n (in a house) kotydining room n karuha

rooster crow n tokoro’oroot n tapo (o)

v mbohaporooted (be) © (have roots) rapo (o)

rope n (cord) sârot n (clay, mud) tuju

(decomposition) ta’o (o)

v mbotujurough aj (primitive, imperfect) chae

(harsh) korócho, havara(untamed, wild, shy) saite(untamed, indomitable, elusive) sagua’a

roughen v mbokorócho (s. korócho)

round n apu’a aj (spherical, oval) apu’a

roundheaded aj akâ apu’aroundtrip n (back and forth) idaiguelta (span.)

row n (line, file) tysýi (o)

(line) liño (span.)

put in rows v (put in order) mbohysýi (s. tysýi)

rub v (scrub, scour, grate) kyty (ai)(massage, pet) japichy( scrub, pet, adore) pichy (ai)(scrub, iron the clothes) pokyty(anoint, massage) popichy (ai)

rubble n (ashes, residue) kusugueruin v (break, destroy, damage, disorganize) mbuai=mbyai ruined aj (useless, unhappy) chavirum n caña (span.), guaripóla (span.)

ruminate v (chew) mindu’u(reflect on, chew, gnaw) ñamindu’u

rumor n (reputation, fame) terakuâ (o)

rumor has it © (it is said) herakuâ 3rd

run v ñani(flow as a liquid) syry(flee) dipara (span.)

make run v (chase, pursue) muñarun into v (meet) huguâitî=huvaitî (o) (asp)

run over v (attack, rape) rairôrush n (reed, straw) piri

rushed (be) v (in a hurry) japura (span.)

rust n (mold) tavê (o)

rustic n (country person) okarapegua aj (ignorant) arriéro (span.)

sack n (bag) vosa (span.)

sacrifice oneself v ñekebranta (span.)

sad aj (serious) hovasy (o)

sadden (to) v (grieve) momba’embyasysadness n temimbyasy

(discomfort, distress) vy’a’_n,© mba’e mbyasy

safe aj (secure) kyhyje’_sagging aj (loose, slack, weak) kuchusaintly aj (holy, just, virtuous, generous) marangatusalary n (wage) tembiaporepy (o)

saliva n (flames, blaze) tendy (o)

sf (light) ndy (tataindy=candlelight)salt shaker n (salt container) jukyryrusalt n (grace, dear one) jukysalt v (or sweeten) mohe’ê (s. he’ê)

salty aj (sweet, flavorful) he’êvery salty aj he’ê mbochy

same av (likewise, equally) peteîchait is the same as pn ha’ete

sand n yvyku’isandy aj yvyku’isap n (of a tree) yvyrakamby

v (weaken) mokangysatiated aj,© (full, satisfied) ryvatâ=ry_uata (s. tyvatâ)

satiation n (satisfaction, surfeit, fullness) tyvatâ (o)

satisfaction n (fullness, repletion, plethora) tenyhê (o)

(surfeit, fullness, satiation) tyvatâsatisfied aj,© (satiated, full) ry_uata=ryvatâ

© (feel proud) aguarafeel satisfied © angapyhy

save v salva (span.)

(s. money, hide, keep, spare) ñongatu(liberate, defend) pysyrô (ai)

savory aj (flavorful, tasty, delicious) he aj,© (rich) ríko (span.)

very savory aj (very tasty) heterei (la rejapova heterei=that which you made is very tasty)

sawdust n yvyraku’isay irr.v (speak) e=ha’e

I say ha’e; I don’t say nda’éihe says (she says, they say) he’i; he doesn’t say nde’íriyou say ere (sing.), peje (pl.); you don’t say nde’eréiwe say ja’e (incl.), ro’e (excl.)

how do you say.. ph mba’e pa he’ise guaranimeit is said ©,aj (rumor has it) herakuâ 3rd

(they say) je’e, jeko, oje’e, ndaje, jesaying n (proverb) ñe’engascalp n apírasame pf jo, ño (ojohéra=the same name)

same as ph lomîmo (span.)

scar n (mark) perescarce aj (rare, sparse, few) pokâ

make scarce v (thin out) mopokâscarcely av (barely, hardly) ténge ténge, hasýpe

av.sf (only) mante (no alternative)

scarf n (cover, poncho) ahoja(head covering, sombrero) akâhoja

scatter v (spread, divulge, hang) muasâi=myasâi (s. asâi)

(spread) mosarambi (s. sarambi)

tyvyro (ai)scattered aj (sparce) asâi

aj,© (disordered) sarambi 3rd

school n (classroom, lesson) mbo’eha (neol.), ekuéla (span.)

scissors n jetapascold v koróiscoot! ij (let’s go) neike (animating)

scorch v (singe) hovere (asp)

scour v (scrub, rub, grate) kyty (ai)scrape v (clean) popî

(scratch) karâi (ai)(rasp) he_i

scraped aj (peeled mandioca) popî scratch v (mark, line, write) hai

(scrape) karâi (ai)scratch oneself v (effect or action) ñehe’_i

(with fingernails) ñekarâiscratch one’s head v ñakâpire’yi

scream v (chirp, shriek) chiâ(shout) sapukái

screech v (chirp (cricket), squawk, rattle) chini 3rd

screen n (sieve) yrupêscrub v (clean, rinse) johýi

(rub, scour, grate) kyty (ai)(rub, iron the clothes) pokyty(rub, pet, adore) pichy (ai)

seal v (close off) mbotysearch v (stir, poke, grope) povyvy (ai)

(reexamine) guyguysearch for v (search for the necessities of life) jeporeka,

jeheka(inspect) mboguyguyppn piári (oime oúva nde piári=someone’s been

looking for you)

season v (ripen, annoy) mboaju (s. aju)

seasoned aj,© (ripe, mature, adult) aju=tyarôseat n (bench) guapyha, apykaseated (be) v (sit) guapy

(being seated) guapyhápesecond aj mokôiha

take seconds on dinner v virasee v (observe, know, verify) hecha (asp) (s. techa)

see each other v (meet) jecha=jehecha, juecha (ja)

thing to be seen n (and admired) hechapyrâhave just seen v hecharamo (s. techaramo)

seed n (core, kernel, germ, pip, semen) ta’_i (o)

seed v (plant, sow) ñot_seem v (resemble, seem similar) jogua, joja

seeming aj (pretended, feigned, not real) gua’useemingly (untrue) av (apparently, probably)

váichaseems like (it) ph (is like) ñaimo’â=ñemo’âit would seem sf (I suppose) nipo, pipo, ipo, po (with

some doubt)

it seems to me ph hi’â chéve (hi’â chéve okyta=it seems to me it will rain)

segregate v (put aside, pass over) mboyke (s. yke)

seize v (take hold of, be supported by) jejapokói(take, capture) javo’o

seldom av pokâpokâselect v (choose) poravo (ai)self pn (oneself) ae

sf te (chete=I myself)self-directed ref.pn (from myself) chejehegui

selfish aj patronita (span.)

selfish (be) v (proud) ñemomba’esesell v vende (span.)

(trade) ñemusemen n (germ, seed, core, kernel, pip) ta’_i (o)

semi sf (half--quality softener) guy= vy=mbyseminarian n (future priest) pa’irâsend v (have things carried) rahauka (gue)

(bring, send for, order) mbousend for v (send, bring, order) mbou (s. (a) ju)

(order) mondo (span.)

sense v (know, feel, visit the sick) ñandu=andusensible aj,© (wise, expert) arandusentiment n (knowledge) ñeñanduseparate v (one from another) peka (ai)separation n (opening, firewood) jepe’aserious aj (sad) hovasy (o)

(real, authentic) añeteguanot take seriously v (fool around) makanea (span.)

serpent n mbóiservant n (cook) pokyra (lit: greasy hand)

(employee) tembiguái (o)

serve v jeservi (span.)

several aj (various, all sorts) opáichaguasew v (knit) mbovyvy

sewn aj (stitched) vyvyshack n (small house) tapýi, casita (span.)

shade n kuarahy’â, âshade v (cover, hide) mo’â

(put in the shade) mokuarahy’â (s. kuarahy, â)

shake v (move) mýi, momymýi(tremble) sysýi(agitate, rock) mbokacha (s. kacha)

(rattle, trimble) mbotarara (s. tarara)

shake hands v popyhy (ai)shake oneself v (work loose, become detached)

jetyvyroshake the head v (deny, disapprove) ñakâmbovavashake up v (upset, turn upside down) mboapajeréi

shame v (make blush) motî (s. tî)

shameless aj notîríva, oti’_va

(bad, obscene, indecent) tie’_shape n (form, image, figure) ta’anga (o)

v (give form) moha’angasharp aj (pointed, acute) hakua (o)

(as in a tool) haimbesharpen v haimbe’eshatter v (crack, flash) tirishave v jeafeita (span.)

she (he, it) subj.pn ha’eshear v (cut hair, prune, mow, skin, peel) ñapî=apîsheath n (container, case) tyru (o)

shed v (pour, spill) ñohêsheep n ovecha (span.)

sheer aj (transparent, diaphanous) sakâsheet n sávana (span.)

shell n (of a creature) pire (caracol pire=snail shell) v (thresh) jykýi

shelter v (cover, defend, embrace) ñuâ=ñuvâ(cover) mama (ai)

shift v (transfer, move) rova=va (gue)shine n (luster, splendor, gleam) mimbi, jajái

v (gleam) mimbi, jajái(brightly) vera

shiny aj mimbi=jajái, (brilliant) verashirt n kamisa (span.)

shiver v (quiver, vibrate) ryrýi (gui)

shivering n (chills) pirîshoe n sapatu (span.)

shoot n (bud, sprout, penis) tembo (o)

( bud, sprout) toky (o)

shoot v (explode, float) kapu(wound, hit) japi=api

shopping bag n (container) mba’eryrugo shopping irr.v ha=ho mba’e jogua

shore n (coast, bank) kóta (span.)

short aj (concise, brief) mbyky aj,© (in stature) karape

shorten v mombyky (s. mbyky)

short period n,aj sapy’aguashort-tempered aj,© (impatient) pochy reigive short weight v (cheat) me’êvai

shot n (gunshot) mbokapushould sf (must, ought to, have to) va’erâ=vaerâ=arâ

(obligatory future) (aha vaerâ=I must go)n (it is necessary) tekotevê (tekotevê reho=It is

necessary that you go)shoulders n ati’yshout n (scream) sapukái

v sapukáishove v (push) muaña=myaña (s. aña)

show v (indicate, demonstrate) hechaka=hechauka shred v (grind) joso, mongu’ishriek v (chirp, scream) chiâshrink v (wrinkle) kuruchî (ai), mocha’î

(dehydrate) ñyñyishut v (close) mbotyshy aj (bashful, timid) otîva

( untamed, rough, wild) saitesick aj hasy (o)

sick (be) © rasy (o)

somewhat sick (is) © hasy katu (o)

sick person n (invalid) hasývasickness n (pain) tasy (o)

side n ykeby the side of the road av tape ykérupi (o)

to this side av (toward here) ágotyosiesta n,av (10a.m. -2p.m.) asajesieve n yrupêsift v (filter) mbogua (s. kua)

sigh n,© (complaint, moan) pyahêsight n (eye, grain) tesa (o)

vision) techa (o)

signal n techaukahav techauka

signify v he’ise (lit:it wants to say)

silence n kirirî v moñe’engu (s. ñe’engu)(quiet down) kirirî

silenced (be) v (stay quiet) ñemokirirîsilent aj,© (reserved, quiet) kirirîsilently av (quietly) kirirîhápesimilar to sf (made of as a material) guigua (ko tabla tajy

guigua=this board is similar to tajy) ppn (like, as) icha (comparison) (ko képpi

péichagua=this cap is similar to that one)simple aj (watery, insipid) aysimultaneously ppv (upon, while, when) vo=kuévosin n angaipasing v purahéi

sing together v (celebrate) ropurahéisinge v (scorch) hovere (asp), haveresingle aj soltero (span.), soltera (span.), omendare’_sink v (in the mud) jepasuru

(insert, trespass) jasururusip v (suck) pyte (ai)

v (Paraguayan tea) kay'usister-in-law n tovaja (o), cuñada (span.)

sit v (be seated) guapysit astride v ñakamby

site n (place, mount, horse) tenda (o)

sizzle v (sputter, spark) piriri 3rd

skate n,© pysyryskid n,© (slip) pyho, pysyryskillful aj ae

(trained) katupyry © (able, intelligent) vale (span.)

skin n (surface, bark, top, cover) ape(bark, peel, hide) pire v (debark, peel) haryvo(cut hair, shear, prune, mow, peel) ñapî=apî

skin rash n mbita’i, johaskinned aj (hairless, broke, has no money)

apî=ñapîskinny aj (slender) piru

(thin) po’iskirt n sáiskull n (head bone) akângue= akâkanguesky n (day, period, weather) ára

(heaven) yvágaslack aj (loose, sagging, weak) kuchuslander v (libel) ñe’emeguaslant n ñevâ

v (lean, slope, bend) jero’a(bend) movâ (s. vâ)

slanted aj,© vâslap n (in the face) tovapete (o)

v (hit, stroke, caress, throw down) pete (ai)slaughter v (decapitate) ñakâ’osleep n kéra, ke

(sleepiness) topehýi (o)

v kebig sleeper n keranatalk in one’s sleep © (be half asleep) keraisleep poorly v (not let sleep) mongerasy (s. kerasy)

sleep until dawn © keko’êsleepiness n topehýi (o)

sleepy (be) © (desire to sleep) ropehýi (o)

slender aj,© piru slice v (divide, part) mbovoslide v (slip) syryry

(roll about, slip) japojeréi© pysyry

slim aj (slender) po’i

(barbecued, roasted) ka’êslip n,© (skid) pyho

v (roll about, slide) japojeréi(slide) syryry

slippery aj (smooth) s_islippery (be) © pyho

slope v (lean, slant, bend) jero’asloth n (also smaller anteater bear) kaguareslow aj (quiet, timid, useless) aruru

aj,© areslow mover n (snail) jatyta

slowly av mbegueslurp v (sip, suck) syryku (ai), pyte (ai)small aj (crumbled,insignificant) sa’i

(humble) mirî(of little value) chu’ipiky aj,© (little) michî, ra’y

very small aj michî michîdivide in small pieces v (crumble) mbo’i

aj sa’i sa’ismall-eyed aj tesa’i (o)

smallpox n (blister, measles) mbiru’asmash v (crash, bump oneself) ñembotasmear v (daub) ñemona

(glue, paste) monasmell v (kiss) hetû (asp)

smile n pukavy v pukavy

smoke n tatatî (o)

(vapor) timbosmoke v timbo 3rd, pita

make smoke v (raise dust) motimbosmooth aj (slippery) s_i

(groomed, burnished) apes_i(even) fino (span.)

snail n (any slow mover) jatytasnake n yvyja (any non-poionous snake)

sneeze n,© atîasnore n,© (gasp, panting) ambu

v (roar, growl) kororôsnot n (mucus, phlegm) ambýusnout n (nose, nostrils) apyngua, (nose, beak) tîsnuggle up v chichîso cj (in that way, because of that) upéicharô

so that ppv (for, in order to) ha_uasoak v (wet) myak_=muak_ (s. ak_)

soak up v (suck, impoverish the soil) pyte (ai)soaked aj (wet, moist) ak_

soap n havô (span.)

soapy aj (foamy) hyjúi (o)

soft aj (bland, tender, mature) hu’û (s. tu’û)

(withered, spongy) haviru (o)

soil n yvyv (dirty) mongy’a

soil surface n yvy’apesole (of foot) n pypytesolid (thing) n (hard) mba’é hatâsolitary aj (isolated) ha’eñosombrero n (head covering) akâhojasome aj umi, algun (span.)

someone pn (one, who) mávasomebody pn (one, who) mávasomething pn mba’e, peteî mba’esometimes av (occasionally) amóme, sapy'apy'ason n (of a woman) memby (che memby=my child) (says the mother)

(of a man) ra’y (che ra’y=my son) (says the father)

(of a man in 3rd person) ta’ýra (ita’ýra=his son)son of the devil ij añara’ysong n purahéi, (howl) guahusoon av voi

very soon av (a little later) a_amive(presently, momentarily) vokói, vokóinte

without delay av (suddenly, quickly) vokóikesore n (ulcer, boil, furuncle) kuru

(ulcer, wound) aisore throat n,© ahy’o rasy

sorrow n vy’a’_, ñembyasy(grief,suffering) tekoasy (o)

n,© (hatred, rancor, bitterness) py’arosorry (be) © (feel sorry, grieve, regret) ñembyasy

sort v poravo (ai)sort (this) sf (kind, type) peichagua, kóva rehegua

soul n ánga(spirit) ângue(heart) korasô (span.)

sound n atôi=ñatôi n,© pu, (noise) gualala v (ring as a bell) gualala(tune as a guitar) atôi=ñatôi© pu

make a sound v (play an instrument) mbopusound of dripping water n guelelesound of falling liquid n chororosound of footsteps n py’ambusound of running water n guilili

soup n caldo (span.)

(broth) jukysysoup dish n sójo=so’o josopysour aj (acid) háisour orange n narâhai (span.), apepusource n y va (of water)

(head, judgement, reason, ability) akâsouvenir n py’ahosow v ñemit_, (seed, plant) ñot_sowing n (crop, planting) ñemit_space n (intermediate space) pa’ûSpanish n karaiñe'ê (Gentleman’s language)

sparse aj (scattered) asâispare v (keep, save) ñongatuspark n piriri

v (sputter, sizzle) piriri 3rd

sparse aj (rare, scarce, few) pokâspeak v (communicate) ñe’ê

irr.v (say) ha’e =’eSpeak! irr.v ere (2nd person sing. imperative)

speak falsely (or in vain) © ñe’êreispeak poorly v (speak vulgarly) ñe’êvaispeak double talk v (offensive) ñe’ereity

speaker n (orator) oñe’êvaspeech n (word) ñe’ê

speech mixing languages n ñe’êjóparaspeed n,© (hurry, rapidity) ta_e (o)

spend v (as money) gasta (span.), mosê viruspherical aj (oval, round) apu'aspider n ñanduspider web n (round lace made in Itauguá) ñanduti

(string, thread) tenimbo (semi-o)

spill n (upset) japaro v (pour, empty) hykuavo=hekuavo(pour, shed) ñohê

spin v (enjoy) povâ (ai)spine n (back, backbone) atukupe

(rear part, back) kupe(needle) ju(thorn) ñuatî

spiny ©,aj (horned) hatî (o)

spirit n (breath, air) pytu(heart) py’apy=py’a(soul) ângue

spirited aj,© (headstrong, lively, agile) rarispit v andyvu=ndyvu, karra (span.)

splash v (spray) hypýi (o)

splint v entaulilla (span.)

split n (crack) tiri, jeka v (divide) mboja’o (s. ja’o)

(cleave, crack) joka(crack, break) jeka 3rd

split up v (divide up, tear to pieces) pehe’â (ai)spoil v (corrupt) mbohekovai (s. tekovai)

(upset, fail to perform, worsen) haru © (s. a child) kunu’û

spoiled (be) v (willful, affected, demanding) ñembohekospongy aj (withered, soft) haviru (o)

spoon n (tablespoon) kuchára (span.)

spoor n (footprint, footstep, track) pyporespot n máncha (span.)

v (stain) mongy’aspray v (splash) hypýi (o)

spread v (scatter) mosarambi (s. sarambi)

(divulge, hang, propagate) muasâi=myasâ (open out, clear up ) jepe’a 3rd (of the weather)

spread out v (flatten) mbope (s. pe)

sprightly (one) n,© (one who is playful, gay) sarakispring n (fountain) yvu

(water hole) ykua(of clear water) ykua satî

Spring n (blossom time) arapoty (neol.), arayvotysprout n (bud, shoot, penis) tembo (o)

(bud, shoot) toky (o)

v hoky (o)

sputter v (sizzle, spark) piriri 3rd

spy on v (stalk, watch) kotyru (ai), mangeasquare n (plaza) okarususquash (winter) n (any) sapaju (span.),

(Cucurbita maxima) kurapepê(Cucurbita pepo, moschata) andai

squawk v (chirp (cricket), screech, rattle) chini 3rd

squeak v (creak, crackle) chy’_isqueeze v (milk, express) ñami

(juice) hykue’osquelch (something) v (hide the evidence) rokirirîstab v kutu (ai)stack v (place on top) jo’astacked aj (doubled) jo’astagger v (swing, sway) kacha

(vacillate) vavastain n (defect, impurity) marâ

v mongy’a (s. ky’a)

stake n (handle) ývastalk n (stem) máta (span.), toky (o), takâ’i (o)

stalk v (spy on, watch) kotyru (ai), mangeastamp n (step) pyrûstamp v (step on) pyrû (ai)stampede v (thunder, make noise) sunu 3rd

stand up v ñembo’ystand on the toes v (lift the heels) pyta’â, ñepyta’âstanding (be) v (liquefy, stand up) ñembo’y

star n mbija=mbyja, etrélla (span.)

starch n aramirô v moaramirô (s. aramirô)

start v (begin) ñepyrûstart over v (begin again) ñepyrû jeystarting when av (from when?) araka'e guivestartled (be) v (get frightened) ñemondýistay v (remain, stop) pytasteal v (rob) monda

(mess with) javykysteer n novillo (span.)

stem n (stalk) máta (span.), toky (o), takâ’i (o)

step n (stamp) pyrû, guatalong step n (stride) sambo (span.)

step v (walk) guatastep-father n tuanga

step-mother n syangastepdaughter (of man) n ta’yranga (semi-o)

step on v (stamp) pyrû (ai)stick n (tree, wood) yvyra

v (unite, stick together) mbojoapy(adhere) joaju

stick to v (bring near, blame) mboja (s. ja)

(support, lean on) mbojeko (s. jeko)

sticky aj apovô(gummy, resistant) jajy

stiff (one) n (rigid, person of bad character) kanguerostill aj (quiet) kirirî

av (not yet) gueteribe still v (not moving) pyta

sting n popîa, (insect ) jopi(of an insect) jopi v jopi(irritate, offend) ko’ô (ai)

stingy aj pojopy ©,aj ( mean, avaricious) rakate’_ (o)

stink n (ferment) taguinô=taguynô(underarm odor) katî © raguinô=raguynô

stinking aj nestinky aj,© katîstir v (investigate, poke) hyvykôi

(poke, search, grope) povyvy (ai)(beat, agitate) pyvu (ai)

stitched aj (sewn) vyvystolen (be) v (hidden) ñeñomistomach n (belly,guts, abdomen) tye (o)

stomach growls n py’agualalastomach pains n,© (hunger pains, appetite)

py’arasystomach upset n,© (indigestion) punga

stone n itastop v (stay, remain) pyta

(sustain, catch, hold) joko(cause to stay) mombyta

stop breathing and die © pytupastopped up (be) v (be obstructed) pa’â=ñepa’âstopped up nose n tî pa’â

store n (market) almacen (span.)

stork n (bird) tujujustorm n (bad weather) aravaistraight aj reyto (span.)

(not bent) kare’_(right) derecho (span.)

strand n (fiber, filament) tovykâ (o)

strangle v (choke) juvystrangled (be) v jejuvokastraw n (rush, reed) piri

(for thatching roofs) kapi’istray v (turn aside) pia=piâstream n (river) arrójo (span.)

strength n mbarete, huérsa (span.)

(resistence) tajygue(fortitude) py’aratâ

strengthen v (encourage) mopy’aratâ (s. py’aratà)

(restrain, block) mopa’â (s. pa’â)

(harden) moatâ=mombaretestretch v (enlarge, extend, unfold, open) pyso (ai)

stretch oneself v (exercise) jetepyso, jepysostretching n jepyso

stride n (long step) sambo (span.)

strike v (hit, lash, punish) mbuepoti=mbyepoti (s. poti)

(hit, beat, punish) nupâ (ai)strike a blow v (hit) mbota

(hurt) hunga (asp.)

string n (thread) tenimbo (semi-o)

strip naked v (undress) mboistrive for v (try hard, struggle) ñeha’â, ñepia’â

stroke v (hit, caress, slap) pete (ai)strong aj mbarete, (hard) hatâ (o)

aj,© (resistant) jystrongly av (rapidly) hatâ (o)

struggle v (try hard, strive for) ñeha’âsubdue v (bury, beat) jatykastudent n (disciple, lesson, doctrine) temimbo'e (o)

study v (learn, apply oneself) jetavy'ostupid aj (ignorant, foolish) tavy

(stupid face) tovatavy (o)

© (fool, burro) výro (span.)

stutter v seseoso (span.), kûmbesubject n (life, person, individual) tekove (o)

(matter, theme) téma (span.)

submerge (in water) v (dive) ñapymisubsoil n yvyguysubstitute n (change, replacement) tekovia (o)

v (change, replace) mbyekovia=myekovia(relieve, exonerate) pyru (ai)

success n (life history, accomplishment) tembiasa (o)

suck v (nurse) kambu (rehe)

(soak up, impoverish the soil) pyte (ai)(slurp) syryku (ai)

suckling (child) n (nursing child) mitâkambusudden shower n (downpour) aguasero (span.)

suddenly av (now) sapy'a(without delay, quickly) vokóike

suffer v (grieve) jepy’apysuffering n (grief, sorrow) tekoasy (o)

sugar n asuka (span.)

sugar cane n takuare’êsuicide n (homicide) jejuka

v (be killed) jejukasuitable (be) v (be useful, be in use) vale 3rd (span.)

Summer n (hot weather) arahaku (neol.)

summit n (top, cusp, crown, zenith) tu’â (o)

sun n kuarahysunrise n (east) kuarahyresêsunset n (west) kuarahyreikesunshine n kuarahy porâ (when welcome!)

superior n (head, chief, president) tuvicha (o)

supplies n (food, dish, meal, provisions) tembi’u (o)

support v (maintain, be careful of) jerereko(stick to, lean on) mbojeko

support oneself v (make use of) jekosupported (be) v (take hold of, seize) jejapokóisuppose v mo’â (ai)

I suppose ph (it would seem) pipo=ipo=nipo (indirect

ques.) (ha’e nipo=I suppose so)(ndaikuaái

nipo=I’m not sure)supposition n (opinion) ñeimo’â, mo’â, ñemo’âsure ij (true, certainly, really, yes) aje (pa)surely av (certainly) seguro (span.), añei, añete (che aimo’â añete=I’m sure of it, I surely believe)surface v (line, upholster) mboape (s. ape)

soil surface n yvy’apesurfeit n (satisfaction, fullness, satiation) tyvatâ surplus n (residue, remainder) temby (o)

surroundings n (turn) jeresuspect v (believe, think) mo’â (ai)

(believe) malisia (span.)

suspend v (hang) mosaingosuspicion n (distrust) jepoyhusustain v (stop,catch, hold) jokoswagger n (wiggle, waggle) koni

v (wiggle) koniswallow n (bird) mbyju’i

v mokôswamp n jasuruswarm (of bees) n eiru sâingosway v (stagger, swing) kacha

sweat n (perspiration) ty’ái (o) (jagua ry’ái=nothing) © ry’ái (o)

sweep v typei (ai)sweet n (conserve, marmalade) kosereva (span.)

aj (salty, flavorful) he’êsweet potato n jetysweet talk n,© (say sweet words, flatter) juruhe’êsweeten v (or add salt) mohe’ê (s. he’ê)

sweetheart n (girl-friend) chíka (span.)

swell up © (be swollen) ruruswelling n (bump, lump) gua’a, ruruswim irr.v ha’yta

I swim ha’ytahe swims (she swims, they swim)ho’ytayou swim re’yta (sing.), pe’yta (pl.)

we swim ja’yta (incl.), ro’yta (excl.)

swing v (stagger, sway) kacha,rock oneself) ñemyatimói

swollen (be) v (inflated) vu; © rurusympathize v (lament s.t., have pity) rombyasy

© ja’etable n mesa (span.)

tablespoon n (spoon) kuchára (span.)

tableware n (utensil, instrument) tembiporu (o)

taciturn aj okirirîvatail n (bottom, family) tuguái (o)

tailor n (dressmaker) aoapoha=aojapoha take v (grasp, catch, fornicate) pyhy=japyhy (ai)

(capture, seize) javo’o(harvest) po’o (ai)

take advantage of v provecha (span.)

take away v (carry, carry off) raha (gue)

take hold of v (seize, be supported) jejapokóitake medicine v ñepohanôtake off v (remove, open, uncover) pe’a (ai)take offense v (get angry) ñemyrôtake possession of v (appropriate) ñembojáratake turns v (replace each other) jopyru (ja)Take it! ij (Here it is!) péina, kóina

talk n (chat) ñemoñe’êwe talk together a little v ña ñeñe’êmiknow how to talk v ñe’êkuaatalk in one’s sleep © (be half asleep) kerai

talkative aj,© kumby’_i , ñe’engatutall aj,© (long, lasting) puku

(high) yvatetangle n (confusion, mess) javo’ói

(knot) apokytâ(thicket, weed patch, underbrush) javorái

tapir n mborevitasteless aj (unseasoned, insipid) he’_tasty aj (delicious, savory, flavorful) he

aj,© (rich) ríko (span.)

very tasty aj heterei (la rejapova heterei=that which

you made is very tasty)teach v (instruct) mbo’e, moarandu (s. arandu)

(communicate, let know) kuaauka (ai)teacher n temimbo’ehára (o), mbo’ehára (neol.)

tear n (from crying, teardrop) tesay (o)

(rip) mondoro v (burst, rip) soro(break, rip, pull up) mondoro(rip) hary

tear to pieces v (divide up, split up) pehe’â (ai)tearful aj tesangy (o)

tearing n (breaking) sorotears n (weeping, whining, whimpering) tasê (o)

teat n (udder, tit) kámateeth n (tooth, molar) tâi (o)

brush one’s teeth v jejuruhéi (lit. wash mouth)tell v (advise, narrate, denounce) mombe'u

tell a lie v ha’e reitemple n (forehead) atyten aj die (span.)

tender aj (not ripe) ky (s. aky)

(soft, bland, mature) hu’û(unripe, young) peky (kumanda peky=green beans)(immature) kyr_i(unripe, unseasoned) aky

tendon n (muscle) tajyguetepid aj (lukewarm) hakuvy (o)

terminate v (finish, exterminate) momba (s. pa)

(limit) mboapýra (s. apýra)

termite n kupi’itest v (try, imitate, play) ha’âthan sf (comparative, used with ve) guithank v (compensate) poepy (ai)thank you ij (thanks) gracia=grácia (span.)

dioselopága (span.) (lit. God will pay you)

that dem.adj pe, amo (distant), ku, upe (out of sight), aipo (distant in time or space), ako

ppv (that which) hague (past), va’ekue (past)

(that which) ha_ua (future), va’erâ (future)

(that which) , va (present), ha (present)

sf ( the one that) guathat (one) dem.pn péa=peva, upéa=upéva (out of

sight), amóa=amóva (distant), aipóa=aipóva (distant

in time or space)

(unknown person) ma’êra, fulanoafter that ph (afterward) upéirirebecause of that cj (so, in that way) upéicharô

(then, afterwards) upémarôbefore that av upemboyvefor that av (therefore in future) upearâ (upeha_ua) like that ppv háicha, (l.t. which) haguéichain that way only av upéicharô mantethat’s it ph (that’s right) upéango

sf (only that..., but) ntekothe def.art la (span.)

theater n (movies) cine (span.)

theft n mondatheir poss.aj i, hi, iñ, ij, o, h, r, (ikoty=their room,

hóga=their house)theirs poss.pn imba’ekuérathem pn ha’ekuéra, chupekuéra=ichupekuéra (d.o.)

for them chupekuéra guarâfrom them chuguikuéra, ichuguikuérathemselves ojeupekuéralike them ha’ekuéraichanot them nda ha'ekueráiof themselves ijehekuéra

(of their initiative) ijeheguikuéraonly them (they alone) ha’ekuérañothrough them hesekuéra

(by means of) ha’ekuéra rupithrough themselves ijehekuérato them chupekuéra, ichupekuéra (i.o.)

to themselves ijupekuérawith them hendivekuéra

(through them) hesekuérawithin them ipypekuérawithout them hesekuéra'_

then av upérô, upéramo, entônse (span.)

(at the moment, right then) javete(after) upéi

then cj upérô, upéramo(after) upéi(afterwards, because of that) upémarô

there av pépe, upépefrom here to there av ápe ha pépefrom there av upégui, peguive, upeguive

(from that point yonder) amóguithrough there av (by, because of) pérupito there av (up to there) upe pevetoward there av (to the other side) amógotyothere is v (there are, it is) oî 3rd

there is none ph (there is no) ndaipórithere will be ph oikota

therefore cj (for that reason) upéare=upéarehe (past)

(from that cause) upéagui av (that) upéicha rupi(for that) upearâ, upeha_ua (future)

these dem.adj ko’â, âthese (ones) dem.pn ko’âva, âva

they subj.pn ha’e kuéra, hikuái (3rd pl)

thick aj,© poguasu(liquid) pohýi(paper or cloth) anambusu(dense) typy’û

thick milk n apójo (span.)

thick-headed aj,© (stubborn, playful) akâhatâthicken v mohypy’ûthicket n (bramble, underbrush) jukerity

(weed patch, underbrush, tangle) javoráithief n mondaha, popuku, popindathieving aj,© (contemptible, low, mean) pokovithievish aj popindathin (be) ©,aj (dry, slender) piru

(narrow) po’i, pererîthin v (make scarce) mopokâthing n mba’e, tembi=temi (used with verbs)

think v pensa (span.)

(suspect, believe) mo’â (ai)think about v (introspect, reflect) jepy’amongeta

thirst n y’uhéi=uhéithirsty (be) © (for water) y’uhéi=uhéi

this dem.adj koafter this ph korirethis (one) dem.pn kóa=kóvalike this av (thusly, in this way) kóichain this place av (here) ápethis time av (now, today) ko’á_a

thistle n (fart) pynothorn n ñuatî, (horn, point) tatî (o)

those dem.aj umithose (ones) dem.pn umía=umíva

though ppv (although, even though) jepe(although) ramo jepe

thought n (heart, entrails, head, purpose) py’a, ñe’âthread n (string) tenimbo (semi-o)

threaten v (portend) ha’angathreatening (to rain) aj (looming) amenâso (span.)

three aj mbohapythresh v (shell) jykýithroat n (voice) ahy’o

sore throat n,© ahy’o rasythrong n (many, crowd) teta (o)

through ppn (by, around) rupi(because of) rupi(by, with, against) re=rehe ppv (because, by means of) rehe

sf hárupi (a place)

through there av upérupithrow v (discard, hurl) mombo

(knock over, overturn) ty (ai)(let go of) poi (apoi la pelota ha ha’e ojoko=I

threw the ball and she caught it)(measure) ha’â

thrown (be) v (flung) ñemombothrown away (be) v (be discarded) jeity

thumb n kuânguasu, kuângusuthunder n arasunu (s. sunu)

v (make noise, stampede) sunu 3rd

distant thunder and lightning v oguyguypaThursday n huéve (span.)

thus av (in that way) upéicha, péicha(in this way) kóicha cj (because, but, in that way) ajeve

tick n (insect) jatevuticklishness n kyr_itie v (bind together, obligate) jura

(bundle, fasten) jokua(bind, fasten) apytî=ñapytî(chain, capture) mosâ (s. sâ)

tied up (be) v (employed, be occupied) jejokuái © (obligated) sâ

tighten v jopytilted aj (leaning, inclined) yke’â

aj,© (inclined) vâtime n (occasion) jevy=jey, (turn) ha

one time av peteîjeythis time av (now, today) ko’á_ait’s time ph (now is the hour) órama (span.)

at what time? ph (future) araka'e guarâduring the entire time ppv (while) javevefrom time to time av sapy'ántehave a good time v (party) farrea (span.)

some time ago av (before) aretimid aj py’aju, (bashful, shy) otîva

(cowardly, fearful) py’amirî(quiet, slow, useless) aruru(ashamed) tî

timidity n,© (cowardice) py’ajutip n (gratuity) jo’a, propína (span.)

(point,limit, end) apýra(point, extreme, beginning) apy

tired aj kane’ôtired (be) ©,aj (cramped) apa=apaite, kane’ô (gui) tiredness n kane’ôtit n (teat, udder) kámato ppn (in, at, on, for) pe=metoad n kururutoast v (cook) haimbe

(in a container) maimbe(esteem, cheer up) rohory

toasted aj maimbepyretobacco n pet_

tobacco field n pet_ndytoday av ko árape

(a little while ago) ange=a_e(now, this time) ko’á_a

toe n pysâtoenail n pysapê

together pn oñondive (reciprocal)together ppn (near) ypýpe ( ijypýpe=near him)together sf (jointly, collectively) joatogether (be) v (unite, join) jojuajube together with (a person) ©,ppn rendápe (o) come together v (meet, answer a call) ko’i 3rd pl

tomorrow n,av ko’erô=ko’êramoday after tomorrow av ko’eambueramo

tongue n kûtonight n,av a_apyhare=ange pyharetoo av (much, very) ikoe

too much av (very, excessive) rasa= pasa(plenty) dema (span.)

tool n errimiénto (span.)

tooth n (molar) tâi (o)

have a toothache © râi rasy (o) (s. tâi)

top n (head, judgement, reason, ability) akâ(summit, cusp, crown, zenith) tu’â (o)

(surface, skin, bark, cover) apeon top of av áriand to top it off ij (additionally) chakeko

topple irr.v (fall, be born) ha’a=’a

torn aj soro, (ragged) chaláitorn clothing n (repairable) aosoro

torture v nupârei (ai), (burn) hapytoss v (throw) poitotally av (all, very frequently--super. of meme) memetetouch v poko, (feel, palpate) jepovyvy

(lean on) japokóitouch lightly v (play instrument) atôi=ñatôi

tough aj (hard) ro’oatâ (o) (lit:tough meat)toughness n (hardness, resistance) tatâ (o)

toward ppn (in the direction of) gotyo, ngotyo, kotyo (che

róga kotyo.=toward my house)toward here av ko’ágotyotoward the back av takykue gotyo (o)

toward the ground av yvýgotyotoward the outside av okágotyotoward there av (to the other side) amógotyo

town n (home area) puévlo (span.)

(village) távatrack n (footprint, footstep, spoor) pypore

(road, path, way) tape (o) trade v (buy and sell) ñemutrail food n (travel allowance) avío (span.)

train v (develop, educate) mongakuaa (s. kakuaa)

(put, enable, qualify) moîtrained aj (skillful) katupyry

training n (ability) tekokatupyrytranquility n,© (calmness, reflection) akâguapy

n (peace) py’aguapytranquil aj py’aguapytransfer v (move, relocate, transplant) rova=va (gue)

transit v (pass, pass through) hasatransparency n (brightness, clarity) tesakâ (o)

transparent aj (diaphanous) sakâtransplant v (move, relocate, transfer) rova=va (gue)

transport v (carry) roja (gue)

transported (be) v (move oneself) jererovatrap n (mess, entanglement, muddle) apañuâi=apajuâi

(deceit) ñuhâ v (set traps) moñuhâ (s. ñuhâ)

trash n ytytravel v viaja (span.)

travel allowance n (trail food) avío (span.)

tray n (platter) huénte (span.)

treat v trata (span.)

(cure, remedy, correct) pohanô (ai) tree n (wood, stick) yvyratremble v (shake) sysýi

(rattle, shake) mbotarara (s. tarara)

trembling n (vibration) sysýitrench n sanjatrespass v (intrude) suru, jasurutrickle n (drop, dribble) tyky

v (drip, dribble) tyky (tyky) 3rd

trifle n (nonsense) mba’eve reitrim v kytî (ai)

(make even) mbojojatrip n guataha, viaje (span.)

tripe n (intestines) tyekue (o)

triumph © (be prepared, get ahead) yvytutrue ij (certainly, really, yes, sure) aje (pa)

truly av.sf ete, ite, tetrumpet n (of cow horn) turutrunk n (chest) karameguâ, (of tree) yvyra máta

coconut tree trunk n mbokaja yguetrust n (confidence) jerovia

v (have faith, believe) jeroviatruth n añetetruthful aj añetegua

try v (test, imitate, play) ha’âtry hard v (exert oneself, make an effort) ña’â

(struggle, strive for) ñeha’âtuberculosis n mba’asy po’iturn n (surroundings) jere

(time) ha (che ha=it’s my turn) v (move back, draw back) jevy

take turns v (replace each other) jopyru (ja)turn around v jere; © (spin) pyryr_iturn aside v (stray) piâ 3rd

turn on v (ignite) myendyturn upside down v (upset, shake up) mboapajeréi

turtle n karumbetwin aj (double) pekôi; aj,sf kôitwist v (double, arch) pepy (ai)

(bend, wring) poka (ai)twisted aj (lame, bent) karê, karapâ

(deformed) kucha’â( bent, falling apart) kechêmbâma ©,aj (bent) kechê

two aj mokôithe two aj (both) mokôivévatwo by two aj mokôi mokôitwo more aj (both) mokôive

type (this) sf (kind, sort) peichagua; kóva reheguaudder n (teat, tit) kámaugly aj,© (bad) vaiulcer n (sore, wound) ai

(sore, boil, furunc)le) kuru(injury) jai

unbearable aj (bitter) rouncertain aj (hidden, mysterious) herungua=heruvâunclaimed aj (ownerless) mba’é jára’_uncle n tio=tío (span.)

uncombed hair n akâcharauncomfortable aj (uneasy) angekóiuncooked aj (raw) pýrauncover v (remove, take off, open) pe’a (ai)

(open) juru’o(lift up the dress) pepi (ai)

uncovered aj (empty, naked, loose, free) nandiunder ppn (below) guýpe

insert under v (pass under) guyru (ai)under ground av yvyguy

underbrush n (bramble, thicket) jukerity(thicket, weed patch, tangle) javorái

understand v ntende (span.)

(know) kuaa (ai)understanding n (agreement) jekopyty

(comprehension) kuaa, tekokuaa (o)

undisciplined aj (informal, churlish) kachiâiundressed (get) v (strip naked) mboi

(strip yourself) ñemboiundulant aj (curly, wavy) apopêuneasy aj (uncomfortable) angekói

make uneasy v (worry) mopy’angataunequal aj juavyuneven aj ndojojái (not equal)

unfold v (enlarge, extend, stretch, open) pyso (ai)unfriendly aj,© (irritating, insipid) johaunhappy aj infeli (span.)

(useless, stunted) chaviuniform aj (equal) jojaunify v (equalize) mbojoja (s. joja)

unimportant (thing) n naiñimportantegui (span.), jagua ry’ái (lit: dog sweat)

union n (network) joaju (ja) 1st pl

uniquely av.sf (only, no more) nteunite v (collect, meet, gather) mbyaty=mboaty (s. aty)

( join, be together) jojuajuunited (be) v (marry) joaju (ja)

(be joined) juapy

universe n (world) arapyuniversal aj (everything, from all classes) opáichagua

(general) pavêunknown person pn ma’êra=fulanounmarried woman n (young lady) kuñatai, soltera (span.)

unpredictable aj (capricious, hairsplitting) ambu’aunripe aj (tender, young) peky (kumanda peky=green

beans)(tender, unseasoned) aky , ky (avatiky=corn on

the cob)(tasteless, insipid) he’_

unsafe aj (dangerous) kyhyje me’êha (lit:that which gives fear

of danger), peligróso (span.)

unstained aj (pure, virgin) mara’_unsuitable aj (useless, worthless) ndovaléi (span.)

untamed aj (rough, indomitable, elusive) sagua’a(rough, wild, shy) saite

untie v (loosen, alleviate) jorauntied aj (loose) jera

untied (get) v (get free, loose) jerauntil av (nevertheless, also, even) jepe

ppn (till a time & place) peve=meveppv peve=meve (time, ou peve=until he comes)

up until now av (always) akói upholster v (surface, line) mboape (s. ape)

upon ppv (while, when--simult.) vo=kuévoupright aj (erect, standing) opu’âvauproar n (din) ayvu

(sound of rain) guararaupside down av oguývo

turn upside down v (upset, shake up) mboapajeréiupset n (spill) japaro

v (spoil, fail to perform, worsen) haru(shake up, turn upside down) mboapajeréi

upset (be) v (fall, be overturned) japarourinal n (bladder) tyryruurinate v kuaruurine n tyurticaria n (rash, bruise) apenous pn ñande=ñane (incl.) (d.o.), ore (excl.) (d.o.)

for us ñande guarâ, ore guarâ (excl.)

from us ñandehegui (incl.), orehegui (excl.)

like us ñandéicha (incl.), oréicha (excl.)

of us pn ñandejehe (incl.), orejehe (excl.)

(from us) ñande hegui (incl.), orehegui (excl.)

only us ñandeño (incl.), oreño (excl.)

through us ñande rehe (incl.), ore rehe (excl.)

to us pn ñandéve (incl.) (i.o.), oréve (excl.) (d.o.)

with us ñanendive (incl.), orendive (excl.)

within us ñande pype (incl.), ore pype (excl.)

without us ñanderehe’_ (incl.), orerehe’_ (excl.)

use n poruv (borrow, employ) poru (ai)

used up sf (finished) pagueuseful aj i de provecho (span.)

(valiant, able, clever, worthwhile) vale (span.)

useful (be) v (suitable, be in use) vale 3rd (span.)

useless aj arruinâo (span.)

(quiet, timid, slow) aruru(ruined, stunted) chavi(worthless, unsuitable) ndovaléi (span.)

usually av (normally, habitually) jepi, jepivesf (customarily) va

as usual av jepiguáicha, tapiaguautensil n (instrument, tableware) tembiporu (o)

utopia n (dream, fantasy, ideal) kerapotyvacation n (rest) pytu’u

v pytu’uvacillate v (stagger) vava

vain (in) av.sf (freely, for nothing, futilely) rei(empty, free) nandi

valiant aj (able, clever, useful, worthwhile) vale (span.)

valley n yvytyrokáivaluables n (money, jewels) tembirepy (o), mba’erepyvapor n (smoke) timbovariegated aj (half ripe, mottled) apeju

(polychrome) paravarious aj opáichagua, hetavegetable garden n (planted field) kógaverify v (see, observe, know) hecha (asp)

ma’ê porâ, hecha añetepavery av heta, kakuaa

(immediately, at once, promptly) voi(much, too) ikoe(too much) rasa= pasa av.sf (intensely, with difficulty) asy (s. hasy)

very freely av (with no reason) reietevery gently av vevúi asyvery much av hetaite

av.sf eterei (super-superlative, with e,i,u,y)

iterei (super-superlative, with a,o)

very near av (right here) apetevery often av.sf (superlative of mante) mantereivery salty aj he’ê mbochyvery small aj michî michîvery soon av (a little later) a_amive

(presently, momentarily) vokói= vokóintevibrate v (shake, tremble) sysýi

(shiver, quiver) ryrýi (gui)

vibration n (trembling, shake, tremble) sysýivicinity n ypy

vicinity of (in the) av (around) jerérevigil n páyvillage n (town) távaviper n (venomous) jarara, kyryryovirgin aj (pure, unstained) mara’_virile man n (hero, famous man) kuimba’etevirility n (manliness) kuimba’e rekovirtue n (the good life) tekoporâvirtuous aj (holy, saintly, just, generous) marangatuvision n (sight) techa (o)

visit v visita (span.)

(v. the sick, know, feel, sense) ñandu=anduvista n (good eyesight, panorama) tesapyso (o)

vivacity n,© (liveliness) pyryr_ivocabulary n ñe’endyvocation n (calling) ñehenóivoice n (throat) ahy’ovolunteer v ñekuâ

(offer, present, extend) ñekuave’êvomit n (belch) gue’ê

v (belch) gue’êvulture n (caracara) karakara, yryvuwage n (salary) tembiaporepy (o)

waggle n (wiggle, swagger) koni v koni

wagon n (4 wheel cart) kachapewaist n (middle) ku’await for v (expect) ha’aro

wait for others v poroha’arowake up v páywalk n (step) guata

v guata, (move oneself, be moved) ñemomýi(go) pykúi (ai)

wall n tápiawander v (move around) kundaha (ai)want n (desire) pota

v (desire) pota (ai)(2nd verb has other subj.) (aipota

reho reju=I want you to come back) sf se (2 verbs with same subj.) (ahase=I want to go)

imp.v (wish) hi’â (nte) (imper) (hi’ânte reju=I beg you to come)

warm v (heat) jope, (oneself in the sun) jepe’ewarmth n (heat, enthusiasm, libido) taku (o)

warn v (pinch, advise, put on guard) ñatôi© (notice a risk, glimpse) resaho

wart n (callus, corn) kytâ(piece, knot, lump, bit) akytâ

wash v (purify) johéiwash clothes v aiko y pe (lit. be in water), jaojohéiwash one’s hands v jepohéiwash one’s feet v jepyhéiwash one’s head © akâjohéiwash one’s face v jovahéiwash off v (fade, wash out) je’o 3rd

washwoman n aojohéiva=aojohéihawasp n (or bee) kávawaste v porurei (ai)watch v (look at) maña (rehe)

ma’ê (rehe)

(stalk, spy on) kotyru (ai)watch over v (care for, guard, protect) ñangarekoWatch out! ij háke=cháke

water n,© (river, lake) yhot water n ytakuno water n (drought) y’_, sekía (span.)

warm water n y takuvevúiwater v (flood) mbo’y

(give water) mboy’u(cause rain) mongy

drink water irr.v y’u=hay’uhe drinks water (she drinks water) hoy’urunning water n (creek, river) ysyrysound of dripping water n guelelesound of falling liquid n chororosound of running water n guililiwater channel n (ditch) sánja (span.)

water container n (drink) yguawater hole n (spring) ykua

waterfall n ytororôwatermelon n sandia=sandía (span.)

watery aj yrei, (insipid, simple) aywave v (ripple) moapopê (s. apopê)

wavy aj (curly, undulant) apopêwax n (beeswax) araityway n (road, path, track) tape (o)

this way av (thusly, like this) kóichawe (us, our, ours) pers.pn (inclusive) ñande=ñane

(exclusive) orev.pf (inclusive) ja=ña, (exclusive) ro

weak aj (loose, slack, sagging) kuchuaj,© (languid) kangy

weaken v (debilitate) mokangywealthy aj mba’érerekoha, plataheta (span.)

wean v mombo’o, po’o (ai)weasel n myikurê=mykurêweather n (day, period, sky) ára

bad weather n aravaibrisk weather n araro’ysâcold weather n (winter) araro’yhot weather n (Summer) arahaku

weave v pyaha (ai)weaving n pyahaweed n (herb) ñanaweeds n (forage, grass) kapi’ipe, (injury, ulcer) jai

weed patch n (thicket, underbrush, tangle) javoráiweed with a hoe v (hoe) ka’api

week n semana (span.)

weep v (cry, lament) jahe'o © (complain) rasê (o)

weeping n (tears, whining, whimpering) tasê (o)

weevil n tigua’â, (boll weevil) picudo (span.)

weight n péso (span.), pohýiwell n (spring) ykua, yvu pypukuwell aj hesâi (o)

av ko, (good, yes) nêimake well v (make healthy, cure) monguerawell-developed aj kakuaa porâwell-established aj (strong) mbarete porâ

west n (sunset) kuarahyreikewet aj (humid) he’ô (s. te’ô)

(moist, soaked) ak_ v (dampen) mohe’ô (s. he’ô)

(soak) muak_=myak_)wetness n (juice, moisture) tykue=tyku (o)

what n mba’ewhat? it.pn mba’e (pa)

for what? it.av (for what future use) mba’érâ, marâ, maerâ (pa)

what kind? it.aj (which) mba’éichagua (pa)in what manner? it.av (how, why) mba’éicharupi (pa)what is it? ph (What happened?) mba’émbora’e (pa)what time? it.av (when will it be, future) araka'e guarâ

wheezing aj (asthmatic) juku’awhen av (on the occasion that, in the past) rô guare

(what time) ha’óra (ahata ha’óra=I will go at that hour)

cj (temporal, verbal) ramo=rô(past time with verb) ramoguare(future time) ramoguarâ ppv (while) aja (aikove aja=while I live), jave(akaru jave=while I ate)(as soon as) vove (osê vove kuarahy= as soon

as the sun rises)(where in time or place) hápe (háme)(upon, while, simultaneously) vo=kuévo

when? it.av (at what future time?) araka'e guarâ (araka’e guarâ reipota=when do you want it?) from when? it.av (starting when) araka'e guive

(araka’e guive remba’apota=when will you start working?)

until when? it.av (ending at what time?) araka'e peve (araka’e peve remba’apota=when will you

stop working?)where ppv (when in time or place, from pe) hápe=hámewhere? it.av mamo, moô (pa)

from where? it.av (origin) moô gua (moô gua pa nde=Where are you from?)

(recent location) moôguí (moôguipa reju=where

have you come from?) , mamônguarewhich pn (who) máva

without which ppv _re=_rehe= rehe’_which? it.pn (who) máva (pa) (mávapa ne mba’e=Which is yours?)while ppv (when) jave (akaru jave=while I ate), aja

(aikove aja=while I live)(during the entire time) javeve (upe javeve

reho aketa=while you are gone I’ll sleep)

(upon, when, simultaneously) vo=kuévowhimper © rasê (o)

whimpering n (weeping, tears, whining) tasê (o)

aj,© (complaining) chi’ôwhine © (cry without cause) rasêguy=rasêngy (o)

whining n tasêguy=tasêngy (o)

aj (crying without cause) hasêguy=hasêngy (o)

(weeping, tears, whimpering) hasê (o)

whip n (of lizard tail) tejuruguái

tytýiv tytýi

whistle n turuñe’ê v turuñe’ê

white aj morotîwhite hair n akatîmawhite marble n itatî

who pn (person, Indian) ava(one, someone) máva

for whom pn máva peguarâof whom pn (whose) máva mba'e (pa)to whom pn máva pe (pa)with whom pn mávandie (pa)

who? it.pn máva=ava (pa)for whom? it.pn máva peguarâ (pa)of whom? it.pn (whose) máva mba'e (pa)to whom? it.pn máva pe (pa)with whom? it.pn mávandie (pa)

whooping cough n hu’u pukuwhose? it.pn (of whom) máva mba'e (pa) (mávamba’epa

pe guerekóva=whose thing do you have?)why? it.av (for what reason) mba’ére (past)

(from what cause) mba’égui(to what end) marâ, maerâ, mba’erâ (future)

wide aj (broad) pe, py (tovape=broad face)pyguasu

wide (be) aj,© (thick, powerful, great) poguasuwidth n pykatuwife n tembireko (lit: thing possessed)

(owner of house) ámawiggle n (swagger, waggle) koni

n,© (with emphasis) konikoniwiggle v koni

wild aj (untamed, rough, shy) saitewildcat n jaguarete’i, eirawildflower n yvotyñuwill n (aspiration, desire) tembipota (o)

willful (be) v (affected, demanding, spoiled) ñembohekowind n yvytuwindow n ovetâ (span.)

windpipe n (gullet) ñoko’êwindstorm n yvytuhatâwing n pepoWinter n (cold weather) araro’ywinter squash n (any) sapaju (span.)

(Cucurbita maxima) kurapepê(Cucurbita pepo, moschata) andai

wipe v mopotîwire n alambre (span.)

wisdom n arandu(brain) apytu’û(bigheadedness) akâguasu

wise aj,© (expert, sensible) aranduwish v (yearn) hanga’u, nga’u (oho nga’u=he yearns to go)

defec.v (want) hi’â (nte) (hi’ânte aha ne rendápe=I

yearn to go to you)wish to see v (miss, be homesick) hechaga'u (asp)

witch n kuña paje, (healer, magic) paje with ppn (accompanying) ndive=ndie=ndi (che sy

ndive=with my mother)(in a place, by means of) pype (nde pype=in

you)(beside, at the side of) pýri (che pýri=with me,

at my side)(through, by, against) re=rehe, reheve, reve

(éira kesu reheve=honey+cheese)(mode) pópe (tory pópe=with pleasure)

with the end of cj (intending) hi’âgui (hi’âgui aju ne

rendápe=I intend to visit you)with interest in hi’â, vo (final)

with this objective only av upearâitente (aju ne rendápe agueraha haguâ upearâitente=I

come to you only to deliver it)

withdraw v (remove, remove pods) nohê (gue)

wither v (dry up, get really skinny) mbopiru (s. piru)

withered aj (dead) mano(soft, spongy) haviru (o)

aj,© aviru= haviruwithin sf (interior of) py (noun & adj-forming) (koty pýpe

oî=It’s in the room)without ppn _rehe, _re, rehe’_ (nde rehe’_=without you)

neg.sf _without which ppv _re=_rehe= rehe’_ (ndavy’ái

nde rehe’_=I’m not happy without you)

woman n,sf (female of human or animal) kuñaimportant woman n kuñakarai guasumarried woman n kuñakarai, Ña (span.), senyora (span.)

old woman n guai_uimiddle-aged woman n lechâiyoung lady n (unmarried woman) kuñatai

womanliness n (femininity) kuñarekowoo v (converse, court) mongetawood n (tree, stick) yvyrawoodpecker n ypekûwool n (hair, feather) tague (o)

word n (speech) ñe’êwork n (labor, act, result) tembiapo (o)

v mba’apowork loose v (shake oneself, detach) jetyvyroworked up (be) ©,n (anxious) py’angata

world n (earth, ground) yvy(universe) arapy

in all the world ph (on this earth) ko’arapýpeworm n (larva) yso

(parasite) sevo’i worm under skin n (fly larva) úra

worminess n taso (o)

wormy aj haso (o)

deworm v haso’o (s. taso)

worry n (discomfort) angekó v (make uneasy) mopy’angata (s. py’angata)

n,© (care, grief, anxiety) angata (rehe)

worsen v (spoil, upset, fail to perform) haru worthless aj (useless, unsuitable) ndovaléi (span.)

worthwhile aj (valiant, able, clever, useful) vale (span.)

wound n (ulcer, sore) ai v (nail) kutu (ai)(kill, harm) degracia (span.)

(shoot, hit) japi=apiwounded (be) v (with a projectile) jejapi

wrap v lia (span.)

(cover, cap) jaho’i=aho’iwring v (twist, bend) poka (ai)

wring neck v jajuvokawrinkle v (shrink) kuruchî (ai), mocha’îwrinkled aj cha’î

wrinkled face © rova cha’î (o)

wrist n (pulse) pyapywrite v (mark, line, scratch) haiwrong aj vaiyard n (of a house) korapy, (countryside) okárayear n año (span.), (cold) ro’y (o)

yearn v (wish) hanga’u=nga’uyellow n (pale) tesa’yju (o)

aj (pale, anemic) hesa’yju (o)

(color) sa’yju=sayju

yes av heê(good, well) nêi (nêi taha katu=yes, I’m going)ij (true, certainly, really, sure) aje (pa)sf (really, affirmative) ko=niko=ningo (ko’ava

ningo mbo’ehára=yes, these are teachers)say yes v (agree, approve) nêi

yesterday n,av kueheday before yesterday kuehe ambueyesterday morning nav kuehe pyhareveyesterday afternoon n,av kuehe ka'arulike yesterday av kuehe guaréicha

yet av (still not) gueterinot yet av ne’îra=ne’irâiti, ne’îra gueteri

you subj.pn ne, nde (sing.), peê (pl.), pende=pene (pl.) (with © verbs)

obj.pn ne, nde (sing.) (d.o.), pende=pene (pl.)(d.o.) ro (sing.), po (pl.) (d.o. of che or ore) (rohayhu paraguái=I love you, Paraguay)

it.pn (Is it you?) ndépa (sing.), pendépa (pl.)

for you ndéve guarâ (sing.), peême guarâ (pl.)

from you ndehegui (sing.), pendehgui (pl.)

only you ndenteko (sing.), pendenteko (pl.)

like you ndéicha (sing.), peêicha (pl.)

through you nde rehe (sing.), pende rehe (pl.)

to you ndéve (sing.)(i.o.), peême (pl.)(i.o.)

(to where you are) nerendápe (sing.), penerendápe (pl.)

with you nendive (sing.), pene ndive (pl.)

(through you) nderehe (sing.), pende rehe (pl.)

without you nderehe’_ (sing.), pende rehe’_ (pl.)

young n (adolescent) ta’yrusu (o)

aj (unripe, tender) peky aj,© (new, fresh, beginning) pyahu

your poss.aj ne=nde (sing.), pende=pene (pl.)

yourself (to) refl.pn ndejeupe=ndejupe (sing.), pendejupe (pl.)

you yourself pn ndete (sing.), pendete (pl.)

yours poss.pn (your thing or possession) nemba'e (sing.), penemba’e (pl.)

youth n,aj (young man) karia’yzenith n (top, summit, cusp, crown) tu’â (o)