LAPORAN AKHIR TAHUN PENELITIAN DISERTASI DOKTOR PENGEMBANGAN SENSOR KOLORIMETRIK BERBASIS KHITOSAN-PERAK NANOPARTIKEL UNTUK MENDETEKSI ION MERKURI (II) Tahun ke 1 dari rencana 1 tahun Dra. Zarlaida Fitri, M.Sc NIDN. 0012016803 Dibiayai oleh: Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Direktorat Jendral Penguatan Riset dan Pengembangan Kementrian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi Sesuai dengan Surat Perjanjian Penugasan Pelaksanaan Program Penelitian Nomor: 105/SP2H/LT/DRPM/IV/2017, tanggal 3 April 2017 UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALA DARUSSALAM BANDA ACEH OKTOBER, 2017
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LAPORAN AKHIR TAHUN
PENELITIAN DISERTASI DOKTOR
PENGEMBANGAN SENSOR KOLORIMETRIK BERBASIS KHITOSAN-PERAKNANOPARTIKEL UNTUK MENDETEKSI ION MERKURI (II)
Tahun ke 1 dari rencana 1 tahun
Dra. Zarlaida Fitri, M.Sc NIDN. 0012016803
Dibiayai oleh:Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat
Direktorat Jendral Penguatan Riset dan PengembanganKementrian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi
Sesuai dengan Surat Perjanjian Penugasan Pelaksanaan Program PenelitianNomor: 105/SP2H/LT/DRPM/IV/2017, tanggal 3 April 2017
UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALADARUSSALAM BANDA ACEH
OKTOBER, 2017
ii
RINGKASAN
Pencemaran merkuri akibat aktivitas manusia seperti kegiatan penambangan emas
dan industri telah menjadi isu lokal dan nasional yang meresahkan masyarakat. Ion merkuri
(II) yang larut dalam air merupakan polutan merkuri yang paling beracun dan stabil bahkan
pada konsentrasi rendah. Untuk itu dibutuhkan suatu metode pendeteksian ion merkuri (II)
yang sederhana, praktis, cepat dan ekonomis, tidak menggunakan instrumen yang
rumit/mahal. Salah satu alternatifnya adalah penggunaan sensor kolorimetrik karena mudah
diamati dengan mata telanjang atau spektrophotometer UV-Vis. Kajian penggunaan perak
nanopartikel sebagai sensor kolorimetrik untuk mendeteksi ion merkuri (II) telah banyak
dilakukan, namun penggunaan sensor kolorimetrik berbasis khitosan-perak nanopartikel
belum banyak dilaporkan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh sensor kolorimetrik berbasis khitosan-perak
nanopartikel (chi-AgNPs) untuk mendeteksi ion merkuri (II) yang sensitif, selektif, dapat
diamati dengan mata telajang, praktis, ekonomis, stabil dan tahan lama. Target yang telah
dicapai hingga saat ini adalah submitted artikel pada seminar internasional. Penelitian ini
merupakan penelitian eksperimen.
Hasil karakterisasi dengan TEM menunjukkan bahwa AgNPs terdispersi dengan baik
dengan diameter antara 2,50 – 6,00 nm. Setelah penambahan ion merkuri(II) pada chi-
AgNPs menunjukkan sifat penggumpalan. Chi-AgNPs menunjukkan perubahan warna dari
kuning kecoklatan menjadi tidak berwarnan hanya dengan ion Hg2+, tetapi sensor ini tidak
menunjukkan perubahan warna yang signifikan bila ditambahkan dengan ion logam lain
5.1. (a) TEM image of non-aggregated AgNPs stabilized by chitosan and (b) TEMimageof the aggregated chi-AgNPs after addition of Hg2+ ions.............................. 10
5.2 Spektra UV-vis dari Chi-AgNPs setelah penambahan ion Hg2+ pada berbagaikonsentrasi (µM)................................................................................................... 11
5.3. Perubahan warna Chi-AgNPs dalam berbagai variasi ion logam......................... 11
5.4. Sensitivitas Chi-AgNPs terhadap ion merkuri (II) pada berbagai konsentrasi ... 12
5.5 a) Warna sampel air setelah penambahan sensor chi-AgNPs dan b) Warna sampelair yang mengandung ion Hg2+ setelah penambahan sensor chi-AgNPs. (barisanatasdari kiri ke kanan: air galon isi ulang, air sumur,air kran PDAM, air sungaiLamnyong. Barisan bawah dari kiri ke kanan:air kemasan (Cleo), larutan ionmerkuri (II) dan blanko ........................................................................................... 12
5.6 Immobilisasi chi-AgNPs pada media kaca, flannel dan kertas Whatman ............. 13
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Produk Penelitian
Lampiran 2. Artikel
Lampiran 3. Biodata Peneliti
1
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah
Merkuri (Hg) merupakan salah satu logam berat yang paling berbahaya. Di alam,
merkuri terdapat dalam tiga bentuk yaitu sebagai unsurnya (uap yang beracun Hg0), merkuri
anorganik (Hg(I) dan Hg(II)) dan merkuri organik (metil merkuri, etil merkuri dan phenil
merkuri). Ion merkuri (II) yang larut dalam air merupakan polutan merkuri yang paling
beracun dan stabil bahkan pada konsentrasi rendah. Ini berarti bahwa ion merkuri (II) dapat
terakumulasi dalam organ vital manusia melalui rantai makanan dan dapat menyebabkan
kerusakan pada otak, sistem saraf, ginjal, jantung dan sistem endokrin (Wang dkk., 2012).
Pencemaran merkuri umumnya bersumber dari aktivitas manusia, seperti pembakaran
bahan bakar fosil, dan penambangan emas skala kecil (Seccatore dkk., 2014; El-Safty dkk.,
2012). Kegiatan penambangan emas skala kecil yang marak di Aceh akhir-akhir ini telah
mencemari air di Aceh Jaya dimana 78 sampel dari 125 sampel air yang diuji (62%) tercemar
merkuri (aceh.tribunnews.com,19 Pebruari 2014). Air sungai Teunom tercemar merkuri
dengan kadar rata-rata 1,02 x 10-4 ppm walaupun masih pada ambang batas yang belum
membahayakan (0,001 ppm menurut 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010 dan 30 nM menurut WHO
sebagai standar air minum (aceh.tribunnew.com; 26 Agustus 2014). Di samping itu menurut
Dr Stephan Bose-O'Reilly, pakar kesehatan lingkungan dari University Hospital, Munich,
"Indonesia termasuk peringkat tertinggi untuk intoksikasi merkuri" (detik.com; 21 Oktober
2014).
Pembuangan limbah merkuri secara sembarangan telah dilarang dan diatur dalam
Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pengelolaan
Lingkungan pasal 58 dan 59, namun masih kurang kesadaran masyarakat dan masih rendah
pengawasan dari pemerintah tentang pembuangan limbah merkuri. Hal ini menimbulkan
keresahan masyarakat dikarenakan kesulitan mendeteksi merkuri di dalam air. Oleh sebab
itu sangat diperlukan cara untuk mendeteksi, memonitor dan membantu mengontrol dampak
buruk dari keberadaan ion merkuri (II) di lingkungan terutama dalam air.
Hingga kini, meskipun merkuri dapat dideteksi dengan berbagai instrumen seperti
Ba2+, Na+, and K+ pada konsentrasi 100 µM setelah pencampuran 10 menit. Seperti yang
ditampilkan pada Gambar 5.3, hanya sampel ion Hg2+ yang menunjukkan perubahan warna
yang signifikan menjadi tidak berwarna relatif terhadap blanko sementara yang lainnya tetap
berwarna coklat kekuningan tanpa perubahan yang dapat dibedakan bila dilihat dengan mata
telanjang. Ini berarti bahwa Chi-AgNPs sangat selektif mendeteksi ion merkuri(II).
Gambar 5.3. Perubahan warna Chi-AgNPs dalam berbagai variasi ion logam
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
351 429 507 584 660
Abso
rban
ce
Wavelenght (nm)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
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Untuk mengestimasi sensitivitas Chi-AgNPs dalam mendeteksi ion Hg2+,
serangkaian larutan ion Hg2+ yang berbeda konsentrasi dicampur dengan sensor. Gambar 5.4
menampilkan digital image chi-AgNps setelah penambahan ion Hg2+ dengan berbagai
konsentrasi dan limit deteksi diperkirakan ~1µM.
Gambar 5.4. Sensitivitas Chi-AgNPs terhadap ion merkuri (II) pada berbagai konsentrasi
Pendeteksian ion Hg2+ pada berbagai sampel air
Kelayakan metode kolorimetri ini dievaluasi pada sampel air dari berbagai sumber.
Seperti ditampilkan pada Gambar 5.5(a). Air yang berasal dari air isi ulang, air sumur, air
kran PDAM, air sungai Lamnyong, air botol (Cleo) diuji dengan sensor chi-AgNPs
memberikan hasil bahwa tidak ada satu jenis airpun yang memerikan perubahan warna yang
dapat diamati dengan mata. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semua air tersebut tidak
mengandung ion Hg2+ atau dibawah 1 µM. Namun sebaliknya bila air-air tersebut dicampur
dengan ion merkuri 100 µM, warnanya berubah menjadi tidak berwarna (Gambar 5.4(b)).
Hasil penelitian ini mengkonfirmasi bahwa metode deteksi yang dikembangkan dapat
diaplikasikan untuk mendeteksi ion Hg2+ dari sampel air yang sebenarnya ada di lingkungan.
a) b)Gambar 5.5 a) Warna sampel air setelah penambahan sensor chi-AgNPs
b) Warna sampel air yang mengandung ion Hg2+ setelah penambahansensor chi-AgNPs. (barisan atas dari kiri ke kanan: air galon isi ulang,air sumur,air kran PDAM, air sungai Lamnyong. Barisan bawah darikiri ke kanan:air kemasan (Cleo), larutan ion merkuri (II) dan blanko.
13
Immobilisasi Chi-AgNPs pada media kaca, kain flannel dan kertas Whatman
Sensor dalam bentuk cair seperti yang telah dilaporkan di atas, selanjutnya
diimmobilisasi pada media padat seperti kaca, kain flannel dan kertas saring Whatman untuk
mempersiapkan sensor dalam bentuk strips. Sensor yang diimmobilisasi pada kaca
menghasilkan penyebaran yang sangat tidak merata. Sedangkan sensor yang diimmobilisasi
pada kain flannel memberikan hasil penyebaran yang kurang merata dengan permukaan
yang kasar. Hasil penyebaran terbaik dari sensor adalah yang diimmobilisasi pada kertas
saring Whatman seperti ditampilkan pada Gambar 5.6. Sensor dalam bentuk strips yang
ditetesi dengan larutan ion Hg2+ menunjukkan perubahan warna dari coklat menjadi tidak
berwarna.
(a) (b) (c)
Gambar 5.6 Immobilisasi Chi-AgNPs pada media (a) kaca, (b) kain flannel, dan (c) kertassaring whatman
Sensor dalam bentuk strips ini masih bisa dipakai untuk mendeteksi ion merkuri(II)
hingga lebih dari enam bulan bila disimpan dalam botol kedap udara dan kering. Sedangkan
sensor dalam bentuk cair dapat digunakan hingga tiga bulan bila disimpan didalam kulkas
pada suhu 4°C.
5.2 LUARAN YANG TELAH DICAPAI
Luaran yang telah dicapai adalah presentasi hasil penelitian pada seminar
internasional Annual International Conference AIC 2017 Syiah Kuala University yang telah
dilakukan pada 18-20 Oktober 2017dan artikel telah dipublikasi pada proseding AIC 2017.
Untuk artikel pada jurnal international masih dalam bentuk draf dan dalam tahapan
konsultasi dengan promotor yang direncanakan untuk disubmit pada jurnal international
Sensor and Actuator B: Chemical.
14
BAB 7. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
7.1 Kesimpulan
Beberapa kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik hingga saat ini diantaranya:
1. Sensor kolorimetrik berbasis khitosan-perak nanopartikel yang sedang dikembangkan
dapat dipakai untuk mendeteksi ion merkuri (II).
2. Beberapa ion logam yang terdapat dalam larutan tidak mempengaruhi pendeteksian ion
Hg2+.
3. Limit deteksi ion Hg2+ secara kolorimetrik sekitar 1µM bila menggunakan sensor Chi-
AgNPs dalam bentuk cair.
4. Chi-AgNPs dapat diaplikasikan untuk mendeteksi ion Hg2+ pada air sumur, air sungai, air kran
PDAM, dan air dalam kemasan.
5. Chi-AgNPs yang diimmobilisasi pada kertas saring Whatman memberikan penyebaran yang
lebih merata dibnding pada media flannel dan kaca.
7.2 Saran
Beberapa saran yang dapat diajukan adalah:
1. Perlu optimalisasi kondisi pembuatan sensor dalam bentuk cair atau strips.
2. Perlu pengulangan karakterisasi chi-AgNPs sebelum dan sesudah ditambah ion Hg2+
agar layak untuk publikasi ke jurnal.
16
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Bicker, K.L. , Wiskur, S. L., Lavigne, J.J. (2011) Colorimetric Sensor Design. In B. Wangand E.V. Anslyn (Eds.), Chemosensor: Principles, Strategies and Application (pp.275-295), John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey.
Botasini, S., Gonzalo, H., and Eduardo, M. (2013) Toward Decentralized Analysis ofMercury (II) in Real Samples. A Critical Review on Nanotechnology-BasedMethodologies. Analytica Chimica Acta, 800: 1–11.
Chemnasiri, W., Hernandez, F.E., (2012) Gold nanorod-based mercury sensor usingfunctionalized glass substrates. Sensors and Actuators B, 173: 322–328.
Chen, Z, Lou T., Wu, Q., Li, K., Tan, L., and Sun, J. (2015). A Facile Label-FreeColorimetric Sensor for Hg2+ Based on Hg-Triangular Silver Nanoplates withAmalgam-like Structure. Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, 221:365–369.
Dash, M. Chiellini, F., Ottenbrite, R.M., Chiellini, E., (2011), Chitosan- A versatile semi-synthetic polymer in biomedical application, Progress in Polymer Science, 36: 981-1014.
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LAMPIRAN 1PRODUK PENELITIAN
Chi-AgNPs Pengujian sensor cair Chi-AgNPs dengan ion Hg2+
berbagai konsentrasi
Immobilisasai chi-AgNPs pada media kaca, flannel dan kertas whatman
Pengujian strip flannel yang telah diimmobilisasi dengan Chi-AgNPs dengan ion Hg2+ berbagai konsentrasi
Chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles for colorimetric assay of mercury (II) ions in aqueous system
Zarlaida Fitri1, Adlim1, M. Syukri Surbakti2, Ahmad Fairuz Omar3 E-mail: [email protected]
1Chemistry Department, FKIP, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia.
2Physics Department, FMIPA, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh, 23111 Indonesia
3School of Physical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
Abstract. Mercury is considered as dangerous pollutant. Among the many form of mercury, the most stable and soluble in water is mercury (II) ions which it cause threat to human health and surroundings. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) used in this method were prepared by chitosan (chi) which act as stabilizing agent. The Chi-AgNPs has good dispersity with size ranging from 2.50 to 6.00 nm as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and it is stable for 3 months. Color of Chi-AgNPs fades from brownish-yellow to colorless only with Hg2+ ions, but it shows no significant changes upon addition of other metal ions such as Al3+, Ba2+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Na+, Ni2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+. The detection limit for Hg2+ ions by bare-eye is estimated to be ~1µM. This method can be used for sensing mercury(II) ions in numerous water samples. Key words: mercury(II)ions, chitosan, colorimetric sensor, silver nanoparticles.
Introduction Nobel metal nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have attracted researchers’ attention because of their unique chemical and optical properties, which are very much dependent on particle shape and size. [1,2]. Noble metal nanoparticles commonly synthesized through chemical reduction method because of its convenient procedure, easy in controlling, and use simple equipment [3]. However, nanoparticles are generally unstable and tend to aggregate. One way to solve this problem is to disperse them into natural or synthetic polymer matrices such as chitosan, cellulose, and PVA. Chitosan is one of the most abundant natural, renewable, biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic, having ability to form film, has high mechanical strength, and highly adsorptive polymer. It can be used as stabilizing agent and immobilization matrix due to the existence of hydroxyl and amino functional groups [4,5]. The prepared metal nanoparticles have been reported to be applied for catalysis, sensors, antibacterial, and numerous other areas [4,6,7,8]. Nobel metal nanoparticles can be used as colorimetric assay because of their high absorption coefficient, light stability, functionality, extent of surface-to-volume ratio, changing optical properties [9] and absorbing colors in visible light areas [10]. Mercury is considered as dangerous pollutant. Among the many form of mercury, the most stable and soluble in water is mercury (II) ions, which it cause threat to human health and surroundings through food chain [11]; hence, the development of methods for its detection at very low concentration is important. Detection of mercury(II) ions can be done using instrument like Atomic Absorption/Emission Spectrometry (AAS/AES), Inductive Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and Fluorescence Spectrometry AFS) [12]. Nevertheless, these methods rather complicated,
54 The 7th AIC-ICMR on Sciences and Engineering 2017 – Syiah Kuala University
expensive, and take a long time to analysis. An alternative method such as colorimetric sensing offers advantages over other methods due to its simplicity, low cost, and bare eye application [13,14]. In present work, focus of study was to prepare and characterize a material comprised of chitosan-stabilized nanoparticle (Chi-AgNPs) and use it for colorimetric assay of mercury (II) ion. As commented earlier, AgNPs are used as catalysts for many reactions and chitosan is used to stabilize metallic nanoparticles. However, there has been very limited use of materials comprised of chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles for the fabrication of sensor to detect mercury (II) ions. 2. Materials and Methods All chemicals used in the present study were of the highest purity (p.a). Chitosan of medium molecular weight and sodium borohydride purchased from Aldrich (USA). Silver nitrate, acetic acid, methanol, salt of additional cation tested and all other chemicals bought from Merck (Germany). Characterization of size and shape of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was carried out using Transmission electron micrograph (TEM) recorded on JEOL JEM-1400 operating at 100 kV. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles A colloidal silver was prepared by reduction of AgNO3 using sodium borohydride as our reported method with slight modification [15]. All glassware was washed with a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid (1:3) before use. Distilled water was used throughout the experiment. Silver (I) stock solution was prepared 10-4 mol/mL from silver nitrate as a precursor. In typical experiment, 5.6 x 10-4 mol (0.0900) was dissolved in 88.8 ml acetic acid (1.5%) and the mixture was stirred overnight to obtain homogeneous solution. Next, 90 ml of methanol slowly added with vigorous stirring.
Afterwards, 1.12 ml (1.12 x 10-4 mol) of silver stock solution was added little by little to the mixture. Then 0.0265 g of sodium borohydride was added slowly while kept stirring vigorously to reduce the silver ions to silver particles to yield brown yellowish colloid. This silver nanoparticles were characterize with TEM. Colorimetric assay of mercury (II) ions using Chi-AgNP as a probe For colorimetric assay of mercury (II) ions, 3.0 mL of Hg2+ ions with various concentration were mixed with 0.5 mL of the prepared chi-AgNPs. The mixture were shaken and settled at room temperature for 15 minutes and then UV-vis absorption spectra were recorded. Colorimetric color change of the sensor after addition with mercury (II) ion were also observed by bare eye and the photograph was taken by camera. In the experiment of selectivity, all samples containing metallic ions were tested in same way. This method was also applied in similar manner for detection of mercury ions using tap, river, and bottle water from nearby Syiah Kuala University campus.
3. Result and Discussion The chi-AgNPs based chemical sensors are synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate as precursor with sodium borohydride. Silver nitrate is added to a solution of chitosan kept under continuous stirring, dispersion of Ag+ ions is enabled by the action of chitosan as a stabilizing agent/surfactant. The Ag+ ions is reduced to Ag0 (metallic silver) after addition of sodium borohydride and remnants embedded in the chitosan matrix [16]. The presence of –NH2 and –OH groups in the chitosan can assist in possible adsorption interaction between chitosan and heavy metal ions including Ag+ [17]. Besides as stabilizing or capping agent, chitosan also acts as a reducing agent [15]. Figure 1(a) shows TEM image of silver nanoparticle stabilized with chitosan. It is revealed that chi-AgNPs had good dispersity with size ranging from 2.50 to 6.00 nm. After addition of mercury(II) ions to the chi-AgNP shows its aggregated nature as exhibited in Figure 1(b). The interaction between Hg2+ ions with chitosan as stabilizing agent to form the larger size of nanoparticles that lead to agglomeration.
55 The 7th AIC-ICMR on Sciences and Engineering 2017 – Syiah Kuala University
Figure 1. (a) TEM image of non-aggregated AgNPs stabilized by chitosan and (b) TEM image of the aggregated AgNPs after addition of Hg2+ ions.
Selectivity and sensitivity of assay The selectivity of this probe for Hg2+ ions has been evaluated through testing the response of the assay to different metal ions Al3+, Ba2+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Na+, Ni2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ at concentration of 100 µM after 10 minutes of mixing. As depicted in Figure 2, only the Hg2+ sample shows a significant color change to colorless relative to that of the blank whereas all others remain brownish-yellow color without any eye-distinguishable change. It means that the probe highly selective to detect mercury(II) ions.
Figure 2. Color change of Chi-AgNPs in the existence of various metal ions
To estimate sensitivity of chi-AgNPs for detecting Hg2+ ions, a series of various concentration of Hg2+ ions were mixing with the probe. Figure 3 demonstrated the digital image of the AgNPs after addition with various concentraion of Hg2+ ions and the limit detection is estimated to be ~1µM.
(a) (b)
56 The 7th AIC-ICMR on Sciences and Engineering 2017 – Syiah Kuala University
Figure 3. Sensitivity of Chi-AgNPs toward different concentration of Hg2+ ions
Detection of Hg2+ ions in real water samples Practicability of this colorimetric method is evaluated for variuos water sample application. It is found that none of the water samples caused visible color change in chi-AgNPs probe (Figure 4a), indicating that concentration of Hg2+ ions of these water samples are below 1 µM. On the contrary, when the water samples spiked with Hg2+ 100 µM, the color of the water change to colorless (Figure 4b). These results confirm that the detection method established here can be used for the detection of Hg2+ ios in real water samples.
a) b)
Figure 4 a) Color of water samples after addition of the AgNPs b) Color of water samples that spiked with Hg2+ after addition of the sensor. (Top
line from left to right: local water refills, well water, tap water, Lamnyong river water. Bottom line, from left to right: bottled water (Cleo)), mercury (II) ions solution and blank.
4. Conclusions In summary, AgNPs stabilized by chitosan can be used as a colorimetric assay for mercury (II) ion with limit of detection 1µM. Several other commonly encountered metal ions present in the environment does not affect detection of Hg2+ ions. The practical applicability of AgNPs stabilized by chitosan exhibits selective sensing of Hg2+ ions in various water samples such as bottled, well, tap, and river water. References [1] Oliveira E, Nunez C, Santos HM, Fernandez-Lodeiro J, Fernandez-Lodeiro A, Capelo JL, et al.
2015 Revisiting the use of gold and silver functionalised nanoparticles as colorimetric and fluorometric chemosensors for metal ions. Sensors and Actuators, B Chem.212:297.
57 The 7th AIC-ICMR on Sciences and Engineering 2017 – Syiah Kuala University
[2] Huber J, Leopold K 2016 Nanomaterial-based strategies for enhanced mercury trace analysis in
applications and perspectives. Adv Nat Sci Nanosci Nanotechnol. 4(3) 33001. [4] Adlim 2006 Review: Preparations and Application of Metal Nanoparticles. Indo J Chem. 6(1) 1. [5] Dutta PK, Duta J, Tripathi VS. 2004 Chitin and Chitosan: Chemistry, properties and applications.
J Sci Ind Res. 63(1) 20. [6] Fisher E, Kenisgberg L, Carreira M, Fernández-Gallardo J, Baldwin R, Contel M. 2016 Water-
compatible gold and silver nanoparticles as catalysts for the oxidation of alkenes. Polyhedron 120 82.
[7] Bindhu MR, Umadevi M. 2014 Silver and gold nanoparticles for sensor and antibacterial applications. Spectrochim Acta - Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 128 37.
[8] Zarlaida F, Adlim M. 2017 Gold and silver nanoparticles and indicator dyes as active agents in colorimetric spot and strip tests for mercury(II) ions: a review. Microchim Acta. 184(1) 45.
[9] Chen Z, Zhang C, Tan Y, Zhou T, Ma H, Wan C, et al. 2015 Chitosan-functionalized gold nanoparticles for colorimetric detection of mercury ions based on chelation-induced aggregation. Microchim Acta. 182(3–4) 611.
[10] Vilela D, González MC, Escarpa A. 2012 Sensing colorimetric approaches based on gold and silver nanoparticles aggregation: Chemical creativity behind the assay. A review. Anal Chim Acta. 751 24.
[11] Bernhoft R.A. 2012 Mercury toxicity and treatment: A review of the literature. J Environ Public Health. 2012.
[12] Rastogi L, Sashidhar RB, Karunasagar D, Arunachalam 2014 J. Gum kondagogu reduced/stabilized silver nanoparticles as direct colorimetric sensor for the sensitive detection of Hg2+ in aqueous system. Talanta 118 111.
[13] Choi YW, You GR, Lee MM, Kim J, Jung KD, Kim C. 2014 Highly selective recognition of mercury ions through the “naked-eye.” Inorg Chem Commun. 46 43.
[14] Duan J, Yin H, Wei R, Wang W. 2014 Facile colorimetric detection of Hg2+ based on anti-aggregation of silver nanoparticles. Biosens Bioelectron. 57 139.
[15] Adlim 2006 Preparation of chitosan-stabilized silver ( Chi-Ag ) nanoparticles using different reducing agents and techniques. J Sains Tek. 12(3) 185.
[16] Nivethaa EAK, Narayanan V, Stephen A. 2015 Synthesis and spectral characterization of silver embedded chitosan matrix nanocomposite for the selective colorimetric sensing of toxic mercury. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 143 242.
[17] Mohammadi S, Khayatian G. 2017 Colorimetric detection of biothiols based on aggregation of chitosan-stabilized silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 185 27.
58 The 7th AIC-ICMR on Sciences and Engineering 2017 – Syiah Kuala University
Lampiran 3. Biodata Peneliti
A. Identitas Diri
1. Nama Lengkap (dengan gelar) Dra. Zarlaida Fitri, M.Sc
2. Jenis kelamin Perempuan
3. Jabatan Fungsional Lektor Kepala
4. NIP/NIK/No. Identitas 196801121993032004
5. NIDN 0012016803
6. Tempat dan Tanggal Lahir Aceh Selatan, 12 Januari 1968
7. E-mail [email protected] 8. Nomor Telepon/HP 0651-7412657 /081360266826
9. Alamat Kantor Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111
10. Nomor Telepon/Faks 0651-7412657/ 0651-7551407
11 Lulusan yang telah dihasilkan S1 = 42 orang; S2 = 0 orang S3 = 0 orang
11 Mata Kuliah yang diampu 1. Kimia Anorganik I, II, III
2. Ikatan Kimia
3. Kimia Dasar
B. Riwayat Pendidikan
Program S-1 S-2
Nama Perguruan Tinggi IKIP Bandung University of New Brunswick Canada
3 2008 Efektivitas Pembelajaran Kontekstual dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Belajar Konsep Abstrak Kimia Di SMA
Dosen Muda 8.250.000
4 2009 Kajian Kelarutan Dan Kadar Magnesium Dari Kieserit Asal Indrapuri Aceh Besar NAD
Dosen Muda 15.000.000
5 2009 Pengembangan Sensor Berbasis Khitosan Termodifikasi Untuk Deteksi Formalin Dalam Bahan Makanan
Riset Sesuai Prioritas Nasional DIKTI
100.000.000
6 2011 Pemetataan dan Peningkatan
Mutu Pendidikan SMA di
Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya dan
Kabupaten Aceh Selatan
DIKTI 95.000.000
7 2016 Immobilisasi Koloid Sulfur pada
Pellet Abu Sekam Padi yang
Terlapisi Khitosan dan
Reaktivitasnya terhadap Uap
Merkuri.
PUPT 7 in 1 80.000.000
D. Pengalaman Pengabdian Masyarakat
No. Tahun Judul Pengabdian Masyarakat Pendanaan
Sumber Juta (Rp)
1. 2004 Memperkenalkan Cara
Meningkatkan Mutu Telur Asin
dengan Penambahan Larutan Teh
pada Proses Pengasinan Kepada
Masyarakat Desa Lambada
Kecamatan Baitussalam
DIPA
Unsyiah
5.000.000
2. 2007 Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Umbi dan Ekstrak Bunga sebagai Pengganti Indikator Sintetik pada Praktikum Kimia Konsep Asam dan Basa
DPA Unsyiah
7.500.000
2 2012 Implementasi Model Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan SMA di Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya dan Kabupaten Aceh Selatan
DITLITABMAS
85.000.000
E. Pengalaman Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah Dalam Jurnal
No. Tahun Judul Penerbit/Jurnal
1 2002 The Neutral diradical 5,5-bis(1,3,2,4-
dithiadiazolyl) [SNSNC-CNSNS],
the first main group radical to exhibit
a dramatic increase in
paramagnetism on mechanical
grinding.
Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 80 : 1568-1583), 2002
2 2006 Penentuan Trayek pH Ekstrak Umbi-
umbian dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai
Indikator dalam Praktikum Asam-
Basa di SMA
Wacana Kependidikan , Vol 7, No.2 Mei 2006 (ISSN 1412-0607)
3 2009 Efektivitas Pembelajaran
Kontekstual untuk Mengatasi
Kesulitan Belajar Konsep Abstrak
Kimia Di SMA
Wacana Kependidikan , Vol 10, No.3 September 2009 (ISSN 1412-0607)
4 2011 Evaluasi Kinerja Guru Fisika,
Biologi, dan Kimia yang Sudah
Lulus Sertifikasi
Jurnal Penelitian dan Evaluasi Pendidikan, Tahun 15, Nomor 2, 2011 (ISBN 1410-4725)
5 2013 Penerapan Pendekatan Sains
Teknologi Masyarakat (STM) Pada
Materi Koloid di MAN Kuta BAro
Aceh Besar
Jurnal of Chimica
Didactica Acta , vol 1.
No. 1, June 2013
5 2015 Chitosan based chemical sensor for
determination of mercury in water: a
review
AACL Bioflux, vol
8(5): 656-666.
F. Pemakalah Seminar Ilmiah (oral presentation) ) dalam 5 tahun terakhir
No. Nama
Pertemuan
Ilmiah/Seminar
Judul Artikel Ilmiah Waktu dan
Tempat
1 Annual
International
conference Syiah
Kuala University
(AIC Unsyiah)
Preparations of chemical sensor for simple formalin detection in contaminated food ( A model for final project works for pre-servive teachers in chemistry subject)
2011
Banda Aceh
2 Seminar Nasional
Pendidikan Sains
FKIP Unsyiah
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Partner Switch yang divariasikan dengan LKS word Square pada Materi Sistem Periodik Unsur Kelas X di SMAN 4 Banda Aceh
2011
Banda Aceh
3 Annual
International
conference Syiah
Kuala University
(AIC Unsyiah)
Enhancing the solubility of Indrapuri Clay (Local “Kieserite” Fertilizer)
2012
Banda Aceh
4 Seminar Nasional
Pendidikan Kima
dan Sains, FKIP
UNSYIAH
Representasi Submikroskopis Materi Kesetimbangan Kimia pada Buku Teks Kimia SMA Kelas XI di Banda Aceh
2013
Banda Aceh
5 International
Conference in
Special Education
2013, CAPEU,
FKIP UNSYIAH
Guided inquiry worksheets for increasing students’ activities on substance changes concept in seventh grade students of SMPN 6 Banda Aceh Indonesia
2013
Banda Aceh
6 Seminar Nasional dalam Rangka Konsorsium Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia-Pittsburgh, FKIP UNSYIAH
Ketrampilan Proses Sains Siswa Kelas XI pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam melalui MetodeEksperimen di MAN Kuta Baro Tahun Pelajaran 2012/2013
2014
Banda Aceh
7 Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Kima dan Sains, FKIP UNSYIAH
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Sisiwa Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik pada Meteri Hukum-hukum Dasar Kimia di Kotamadia Banda Aceh
2014
Banda Aceh
8 Seminar Nasional MIPA dan Pembelajaran, Program Studi Magister Pendidikan IPA PAscasarjana UNSYIAH
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa MAN Rukoh Banda Aceh materi Larutan Penyangga pda Penerapan Metode Eksperimen Berbasis Inkuiri
2015
Banda Aceh
9 Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Kima dan Sains, FKIP UNSYIAH
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik pada Meteri Koloid
2015
G. Pengalaman Penulisan Buku/Modul
No. Tahun Judul Buku Jumlah
Halaman Penerbit
1 2009 Kimia Anorganik Bagian I (Buku) 200 Syiah Kuala University Press. ISBN:978-979-8278-53-2
2 2012 Kimia Anorganik Bagian II (Modul) 180 FKIP Unsyiah
3. 2013 Ikatan Kimia (Modul) 60 FKIP Unsyiah
H. Pengalaman Perolehan HKI
No. Tahun Judul /Tema HKI Jenis Nomor PID
I. Pengalaman Merumuskan Kebijakan Publik/ Rekayasa Sosial Lainnya
No. Tahun Judul/Tema/Jenis/Rekayasa
Sosial Lainnya yang telah
diterapkan
Tempat Penerapan
Respon Masyarakat
1.
J. Penghargaan dalam 10 tahun terakhir (dari pemerintah, asosiasi atau
institusi lainnya)
No. Jenis Penghargaan Institusi Pemberi penghargaan
Tahun
1. Satya Lencana karya Satya 20 tahun
Presiden RI 2015
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