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Diaz_27-3-2015_FINAL _DRAFTModern Filipino Style Bus Terminal
with Luxurious Apartelle for Public
Users
Submitted by:Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
Student Number:201020074
Professor in Research Method for Architecture: Prof.Ar. Jasmin
Lee
Date of Submission: March 27,2015
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MODERN FILIPINO STYLE BUS TERMINAL
The title of my thesis is MODERN FILIPINO STYLE BUS TERMINAL
WITH LUXURIOUS APARTELLE FOR PUBLIC USERS.
This is a thesis proposal presented to the College of
Architecture, Adamson University.
In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements of the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Architecture
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ADRIAN TA-AY MORES LEONOR A.DIAZ AR/JASMIN LEEJOSHUA A.DIAZPAOLO
ROS ALEMANY
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MODERN FILIPINO STYLE BUS TERMINAL
-HAS AN APARTELLE FOR RELAXATION OF PUBIC USERS
-HAS A RESEMBLANCE FOR AN OLD FILIPINO HOUSE THE BAHAY NA
BATO
-HAS A GOOD CIRCULATION FOR VEHICLES AND PEDESTRIANS
-HAS AMENITIES SUCH AS BAGGAGE AREA, FOOD KIOSKS AND BUS
CONCOURSE
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CHAPTER 1-THE INTRODUCTION
The introduction is a beginning section of the thesis which
states the background of the study, statement of the problem,
objectives of the study, significance of the study, conceptual
framework, project scope, limitations and delimitations and the
definition of terms.
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1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Bus terminals here in the Philippines started in 1914 during the
American Colonial Period which was the Philtranco when Albert Ammen
and Max Blouse formed the old factory ALATCO which is also known as
the AmmenTransportation Company.
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1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1.)VEHICULAR AND
PEDESTRIAN
CIRCULATION IS THE
MAIN PROBLEM
INSIDE THE BUS TERMINAL.
2.)LACK OF FACILITIES INSIDE
THE BUS TERMINAL
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1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The questions that are needed to be solved in my thesis, Modern
Filipino Style Bus Terminal with Luxurious Apartellefor Public
Users are:
1. How can space can create regenerative/healing for post-crisis
care inside the bus terminal?
2. How can the architect solve the problem in computing the
right space(s) of each facility to be functional for the public
users using architectural space programming? What are the positive
and negative effects of it in planning and designing a bus
terminal?
3. How to plan and design a good bus terminal with apartelles
using the concept of Filipino Architecture?
4. What are the design considerations needed to be applied on
having a good bus terminal which can be accessed by different users
including the persons with disabilities or PWDs?
5. What are the local materials needed to be used to construct a
Filipino, Eco-friendly bus terminal for the public users?
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1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
PROVIDE A GOOD AND WELL PLANNED BUS TERMINAL WHICH HAS GOOD
CIRCULATION AND LARGE WINDOWS FOR VENTILATION
DOME SHAPE ROOF FOR SUNLIGHT PROTECTION AND RAIN PROTECTION OF
PUBLIC USERS.
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1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
to create awareness to the people who are going to use the bus
terminal which are the: administrators(manager, assistant manager,
treasurer and secretary of the bus terminal, the staffs or the
employees inside the bus terminal(barkers, janitors, vendors and
the drivers of buses inside the bus terminal, the security
personnel that will ensure the safety and the security of
passengers, and the people who are the public that will use the bus
terminal and ride a bus to go to their different destination.
To create sustainable solutions that will benefit the public in
using the bus terminal. To create guidelines for the benefit and
safety and security of the different users of the proposed bus
terminal.
To create a model that has a good pedestrian and vehicular
circulation and that will create a positive energy of the exterior
and interior part the bus terminal.
To create a good concept that will stand out in all the bus
terminal building in the Philippines using the Filipino Style
Architecture and to have the most popular and to have the best bus
terminal in Asia.
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1.5 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Input (Design Concept to be
applied in Planning and Designing
a Bus Terminal with Luxurious
Apartelle for Public Users)
1. Filipino Architecture
2. Ecological Design/Sustainable
or Green Design
3. Design Considerations to be
applied such as:
- Anthropometrics
-Ergonometric
-Safety and Security
-Vehicular and Pedestrian
circulation
-Lighting and Ventilation
-Cost Efficiency
4. Butterfly Concept or so called
Metamorphosis Concept
Output (End Result)
The end result is a well functional,
well ventilated and a bus terminal
which has a good circulation for
the public users. The butterfly
concept which incorporates the
Filipino-Eco Friendly style of
architecture will be seen in the
interior and exterior areas of the
terminal. It is called a butterfly
concept because the faade,
elevations of the terminal look like
a butterfly.
Process (Throughput)
1. In applying the concept of Filipino
Architecture the architect will use local
materials such bamboo, coconut leaves,
tusks and shells etc. in planning and
designing a bus terminal and its
luxurious apartelle which will be located
at the second floor of the terminal.
2. In Ecological Design the placing of
trees and shrubs will be placed on the
outside of the bus terminal for the
beautification of the exterior part of the
terminal. The design will be seen in the
site development plan of bus terminal.
The plants will be arranged accordingly
to its variety, size and shape.
3. Design Considerations will become a
guideline of the architect in planning
and designing a bus terminal and its
apartelles.
4. Butterfly concept is applied on the
design of a terminal as a whole and it is
in the imagination of the architect
FIGURE NO.1
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1.5 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
In my Conceptual Framework, Input-Process-Output is applied.
In the Input part of the figure, there are three (3) design
concepts applied in planning and designing a bus terminal. These
concepts are Filipino Architecture, Ecological Design or Green
Architecture, Butterfly Concept
In process stage, the application of concepts are discussed
which is found in the input stage. The Filipino architecture is
known as the old fashioned design which is founded by various
ethnic groups. In Ecological Design, the shrubs and trees are found
in the site development plan of the proposed bus terminal which is
located in Cavite. The butterfly concept is the concept which is
inside the artistic mind of the architect it is called butterfly
because the elevations of the building will be look like a
butterfly.
The output is the end result of the conceptual framework. The
result of the framework is green Filipino style bus terminal which
will be known to all public users in the Philippines.
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1.6. PROJECT SCOPE, LIMITATIONS & DELIMITATIONS
1.6.1 Project Scope
The project scope of my thesis is my proposed Filipino Bus
Terminal will have following building components such as commercial
spaces, residential spaces (the apartelles or stay-in area )
There will be also a hospital in case of emergency purposes
which can be accessed by the public users. There will be also a
driving school and large area for parking spaces adjacent to the
bus terminal.
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1.6. PROJECT SCOPE, LIMITATIONS & DELIMITATIONS
1.6.2. Limitations
Conduct an interview to the staffs of different terminals which
is located in Cavite Region.
The elevations of the bus terminal will be inspired by the
concepts discussed in Conceptual Framework
The study will just focus mainly on the amenities or the spaces
found in the bus terminal.
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1.6. PROJECT SCOPE, LIMITATIONS & DELIMITATIONS
1.6.3 Delimitations
Not study on the number of users buses and any type of vehicles
which will be going in and out the bus terminal, the climate and
topographical analysis of the terminal, the number of parking
spaces found inside the terminal, buildings adjacent the bus
terminal.
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1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
The technical definition of the title which is Modern Filipino
Style Bus Terminal with Luxurious Apartelle for Public Users is
operationally defined as:
having a bus terminal with modernistic approach wherein it will
be using curvilinear, rectangular and triangular shapes.
The entire bus terminal will look like a bahay na bato which is
known by our ancestors as the old house of Filipinos. The luxurious
apartelles will be constructed and designed with complexity and
artistic approach
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1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Other important terminologies:
1. bus (noun)- it is designed to carry passengers in a fixed
route and it is a large transportation vehicle.
2. automobile (noun) - it is invented to transport passengers
and it has four wheels.
3. terminal (noun)- it is a man-made structure wherein buses
stops and then passengers can get on and off
4. Filipino Architecture- it is popularized during the Spanish
Era which is originated by Americans, Japanese,Chinese and Indians.
It characterizes the use of such local and natural materials which
are wood,brick,stoneand materials made of coconut and bamboo.
5. bahay na bato- It is known as house for the old Filipinos
wherein it is influenced by Chinese,Filipino and Spanish
Influences.
6. Modern Filipino Architecture- it is founded by two great
architects who are Bobby Manosa and Leandro Locsin. It
characterizes the use of buildings with the use of materials that
are native, eaves which are overhanging, details for the ornaments
with simplicity and large interior spaces for rooms.
7. JAC Liner Inc. - a bus company which started in the year 1987
as owned corporation
8. Genesis Transport Service,Inc.- The name of the bus terminal
comes from the word of the bible which reflects the character and
spirit of the founders of the terminal. The half logo is showing
the Map of the Philippines which represents its origin.
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CHAPTER 2-THE LITERATURE REVIEW
THE LITERATURE REVIEW
Bus terminals started in the Philippines in the year 1914 which
was the Philtranco. Bus terminals are manmade structures where
buses and other private vehicles such as taxis, jeepneys and
fxsstop to pick up and drop off passengers.
Bus terminals in the Philippines has different amenities inside
where it has baggage and passenger check-in where there are k-9
unit inspection in checking the baggage of the passengers, well
ventilated pre departure area, food kiosks and personnel which are
assigned to clean and promote peace and order inside the bus
terminal day and night.
In terms of security, bus terminals have 24 hour camera
surveillance to ensure the security of the passengers inside and
outside the bus terminals. There are also clean restroom inside in
disposing of body waste and urinating of passengers. In foreign bus
terminals it is constructed in 2 to four storey and there are bed
spaces or rather to be called apartelles, car parks, mini shopping
areas, rooms for the VIP persons, clinic, postal office, waiting
area and bank inside the terminal.
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2.1 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
2.1. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
The concept of sustainable Transportation is the main proponent
of each communities and our country. It is also known as cycling,
walking and transit by the Institute of Transportation Engineers.
In all types of transportation it is safe and efficient. It allows
the idea of bus.
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2.2 CASE STUDIES
2.2. CASE STUDIES
2.2.1. Local Case Study of Public Transport in Cebu
According to Michael W. Roschlau in his case study Provincial
Public Transport, Cebus public transport has two modes of regional
and three intramunicipal on routes of major trunk.
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2.2 CASE STUDIES
2.2.2. Foreign Study of Intercity Bus Terminal in Indonesia
(User behavior and requirements)
Terminals of Intercity buses function as transferring of
commuters or people within the intracity and intercity
highway-based public transport mode in other mid-rise countries.
The increase and growth of the local government of the city in
relocation of bus terminals from the central of the city to urban
areas are conducted in past years (Dimitriou, 1993). In thirty five
major cities there are forty bus terminals of intercity dates back
on 1998 in the province of Java. Twenty two Bus terminals have been
put to other parts and four other cities are trying to relocate
them. The main purpose of the relocation of intercity bus terminal
are development of urban areas, decrease of traffic problems in the
streets which is located near the old central of bus terminals and
addition of government revenues. The main important ingredients of
modes of access are time travel, income household, luggage, age,
access distance and residents status. They have the limited access
of choice in owning of low class automobiles. The application of
system of flat fare is in the intracity minibus, cost of access
does not influence the place of boarding.
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2.2 CASE STUDIES
2.2.3. Systematic Design of Urban Bus Stations
Bus stations can be classified into three types by the
separation of circulation of buses and movements of pedestrian.
Buses with one which departs from the roadside, varying from the
sidewalk to a full grown terminal building, central island buses
surrounded by bus lanes and one with parallel platforms separated
and surrounded by bus lanes.
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2.2 CASE STUDIES
2.2.4. Foreign Study of Bus Rapid Transit System of
Ahmedabad
Bus terminals have connection in the users with the system of
Bus Rapid Transit. Bus terminals are safe, accessible, comfortable
and convenient to different types of passengers. Bus terminals have
considerations and planning in designing of it. It has different
types: interchange stations, main line stations and simple stops
stations.
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2.2 CASE STUDIES
FIGURE NO.2
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2.3 RESEARCH PARADIGM
2.3. RESEARCH PARADIGM
In my thesis, Modern Filipino Style Bus Terminal with Luxurious
Apartelle for Public Users, the paradigm that I have chosen is
visualization wherein according to Tamara Munzer from her
Fundamentals of Graphics, Visualization has a goal to show the
capabilities of human beings in situation where problems are not
clearly or sufficiently addressed to know the cognition to the
perceptual system, wherein it uses images which is carefully
designed as a form of external memory
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2.4 SYNTHESIS
2.4. SYNTHESIS
Buses are the considered as the most important vehicle here in
the Philippines and other parts of the country. Inside the bus
terminals different automobiles are used to pick up and drop off
passengers.
Different amenities can be found inside the bus terminals. These
are baggage area, ticketing office, administration offices and food
stalls, comfort rooms and main convenience store.
Baggage areas are used as a baggage checking which is conducted
by the security personnel. In this area passengers can leave their
baggage for a while.
The ticketing office functions as ticket distribution area
wherein passengers pay for their ticket before entering the
bus.
Administration offices are used as workplace for the employees
of the bus terminal it is air-conditioned and well ventilated.
Food stalls and comfort rooms are also present wherein they, the
users, can buy their food while waiting for the bus to arrive and
comfort rooms to dispose their body waste and urinating
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CHAPTER 3-RESEARCH METHOD
Planning and designing of a Bus Terminal is requiring methods to
consider, which involves Filipino Style of Architecture and
Modernism. The said bus terminal is designed with its function and
it defines the standard design consideration, bus terminal will
also maximize space for the benefit of its users.
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3.4 DESIGN AND PLANNNG METHODS APPLIED IN THE DESIGN
3.4. DESIGN AND PLANNING METHODS APPLIED IN THE DESIGN
The Planning Methods used are Fishbone Diagram which is a type
of diagram that collects all concepts in the diagram which combines
all concepts to formulate general concept. Organic Diagram branches
general ideas to specific in order to understand a problem in
design.
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4. REFERENCES
4. REFERENCES
1.Philtranco.Net. (n.d.). Retrieved December 18,2014, from
http://www.philtranco.net/about-us/
2.Problems in Public Transportation. (2014). Retrieved December
20,2014, from
http://www.slideshare.net/sdbadeli6/bus-service-problems
3. Republic of the Philippines Department of Transportation and
Communications-Land Transportation Franchising &Regulatory
Board. (2014). Retrieved December 20,2014, from http:// www.
ltfrb.gov.ph/main/aboutus#sthash.mMsOhP9e.wtuEj013.dpbs
4. Bus Travel. (2014). Retrieved December 20, 2014, from
http://www.silent-gardens.com/bus.php#.VJU2QsAKA
5. Genesis Transport Service, Inc. (2010). Retrieved December
20,2014, from http://www.genesistransport.com.ph/gtsi
6. JAC Liner Inc. Always First in Bus Service Innovation.
(n.d.). Retrieved December 20,2014, from
http://jacliner.com/about.html
7. Architecture of the Philippines. (2014). Retrieved December
20,2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture
_of_the_Philippines
8. Filipino Architecture Arkitektura ng Pilipinas. (1997).
Retrieved December 20,2014, from
http://www.ternar.com/asianart_98/philarch.htm
9. Performance Evaluation of UHF RFID Technologies for Real-Time
Bus Recognition in the Taipei Bus Station. (2013). Retrieved Dec
16,2014, from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=21&sid=c93e94ab-34e3-4933-95f5-2b926b84421a%40sessionmgr4005&hid=4101
10. Rojas-Galeano S.A. ,& Garzon C. A. (2014). A discrete
Model of TransMilenio Station Occupation: Representation and
algorithms. Retrieved from
http://web.a.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=22&sid=c93e94ab-34e3-4933-95f5-2b926b84421a%40sessionmgr4005&hid=4101&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=98421880
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Thank you