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DiaperingandToiletingUsediaperchangingasatimeforrelaxed,one-on-oneinteractionwithchildren.
Don'tcommunicatedisgustordisapproval.Handlechildrengentlyasyougoaboutcleaningthemupanddiaperingthem.Talktothechildconstantly.Thereshouldbelotsofeyecontact,smiles,andsocialgames.Pleasantandstimulatingdiaperchangingtimesareespeciallyimportantforyoungerinfants,whoserangeofactivitiesissolimited.
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DiaperingandToiletingDiaperRash
Germslovewarm,damp,darkplaces,andthereisnoplacewarmer,damper,anddarkerthanasoileddiaper.Youngchildrenindiapersaresubjecttobacterialrashesandyeastinfections,whichlookterribleandarepainfulforthechild. Ifayoungchild'sbottomisstartingtolookirritated,thereareanumberofstepsyoucantaketoclearuptheinfection.
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DiaperingandToiletingDiaperRash
Keeptheareaasdryaspossible.Changethechildfrequently,cleanthoroughly,andletthebottomdrybeforeputtingonanewdiaper.Iftheparentsgivewrittenauthorization,youcanuseanointmentontheredareatoformamoisturebarrierfortheskin.Iftheconditionpersists,theparentsmayneedtogetaprescriptionantibiotictoclearuptheinfection.
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DiaperingandToiletingDocumentingDiaperChanges
Mostinfantroomcaregiversmarkdiaperchangesonachart.Chartingisausefultool,althoughitisnotrequired.
Therearemanyadvantagestochartinginfants'routineactivitiesthroughoutthedayincludingtheirsleepschedule,diaperchanges,andfeedingtimes.
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DiaperingandToiletingDocumentingDiaperChanges
Chartsarehelpfulto:• Informparentsabouttheirchild'sdayandactivities• Serveasamemoryaidforstaffaboutwhenan
infantwaslastchangedorfed• Providestaffinformationaboutchangesininfant's
routinebehavior,whichmayindicatetheyaresickornotfeelingwell
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DiaperingandToileting
Toileting
Waitforchildren'sphysicaldevelopmentandforthemtodecidetousethetoiletlikethe"bigkids".Thedecisiontostartencouragingachildtousethetoiletshouldoccurwiththechild'sparents.
Basedontheirknowledgeofchildren'shabits,caregiverscanscheduleregulartripstothetoilet.
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DiaperingandToileting
Toileting
Praisechildrenwhentheyhaveasuccessful"event",butdonotcriticizethemifnothinghappensorinsisttheysitlonger.
Helpwipechildrenaftertheyusethetoiletandthenassisttheminwashingtheirhands.
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DiaperingandToiletingEncouragechildrentodecideforthemselveswhethertheyneedtousethebathroom.
Scheduleregularremindersforbathroomtimesduringtheday.Ifyouorparentsexpectchildrentostartusingthetoiletbythemselves,itisimportantthatchildrenweartrainingpantsratherthandiapersorpull-ups.
Theyshouldalsowearclothingthattheycanpulldownandpullupthemselves.Thismakesitphysicallypossibleforthemtosuccessfullyusethetoilet.Italsopromotesindependence,self-confidenceandself-esteem.
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DiaperingandToiletingToilet training must be initiated in consultation with parents:
• Usingpositivereinforcement• Culturalsensitivity• Notusingfoodsasareinforcement• Followingaroutineestablishedbetweentheparentandyou
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DiaperingandToileting
Diaperingandtheuseofpottychairscarrydistinctriskstothechildcareenvironment.Sincethechangingareaisoneoftheplaceswheregermswhichcausediseasearemostlikelytoliveandspread,theseactivitiesmustbehandledwithextremecareandattentiontosanitation.
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DiaperingandToileting
Youshouldneverwashorrinsediapersorclothessoiledwithstoolinthechildcaresetting.Becauseoftheriskofsplashingandgrosscontaminationofhands,sinks,andbathroomsurfaces,rinsingincreasestheriskthatyou,otherprovidersandthechildrenwouldbeexposedtogermsthatcauseinfection.
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DiaperingandToileting
Allsoiledclothingshouldbeputinaplasticbag,securelyclosed,andsenthomewiththechildwithoutrinsing.(Youmaydumpsolidstoolintoatoilet.)Youneedtotellparentsaboutthisprocedureandwhyitisimportant.Theyoftenrequestthatdiapersandtrainingpantsberinsedouttoavoidstaining.
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ImportantRulesAboutDiapering• Usetheareaonlyfordiapering.• Setupthediaperingareaasfaraspossiblefromanyfoodhandlingarea.• Providerunningwatersohandscanbewashedimmediatelyafteradiaperischanged.• Constructadiaperingsurfacewhichisflat,safeandpreferablyatleastthreefeetabovethefloor.• Besurethissurfaceisclean,waterproofandfreeofcracksandcrevices.Coveritwithadisposable
cover.Usecheapmaterialssuchaspaperbags,usedcomputerpaper(onthe“wrong”side),rollsofpaper,etc.,orbuydisposablesquaresfromdiscountmedicalsupplycompanies.
• Keepallcreams,lotionsandcleaningitemsoutofreachofchildren.• Nevergiveachildanyofthesetoplaywithwhilebeingdiaperedsinceshe/hecouldbepoisoned.• Useaguardrailorrecessedareaasanextrasafetymeasure.• Alwayskeepahandonthechild.
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Stepswhenchangingadiaper:1. Washhands.2. Gathernecessarymaterial.3. Putdisposableglovesonhands.4. Placechildgentlyontableandremovediaper.5. Disposeofdiaperinahands-freegarbagecanwithalid.6. Cleanthechild’sdiaperareafromfronttoback,usingaclean,dampwipeforeachwipe.7. Applytopicalcream/ointment/lotionwhenwrittenconsentisonfile.8. Removegloves.9. Washhandsorusewetwipe(ifnofecalmatteronhands).10. Putoncleandiaperanddressthechild.11. Washchild’shandswithsoapandrunningwaterorwithwetwipeanddryhandswithpapertowel.12. Placechildinsafeplace.13. Cleananddisinfectdiaperingareaandanyequipmenttouched.14. Washhands.Eachdiaperchangingareaisrequiredtohavepostedinstructionsonthisprocedure.
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ImportantRulesAboutDiapering
NEVERLEAVETHECHILDUNATTENDED
EVENFORASECOND
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