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Pre-Feasibility Study Diagnostic Laboratory
Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority
Ministry of Industries & Production Government of Pakistan
www.smeda.org.pk
HEAD OFFICE 4th Floor, Building No. 3, Aiwan-e-Iqbal Complex, Egerton Road,
1 DISCLAIMER This information memorandum is to introduce the subject matter and provide a general idea and information on the said matter. Although, the material included in this document is based on data/information gathered from various reliable sources; however, it is based upon certain assumptions, which may differ from case to case. The information has been provided on as is where is basis without any warranties or assertions as to the correctness or soundness thereof. Although, due care and diligence has been taken to compile this document, the contained information may vary due to any change in any of the concerned factors, and the actual results may differ substantially from the presented information. SMEDA, its employees or agents do not assume any liability for any financial or other loss resulting from this memorandum in consequence of undertaking this activity. The contained information does not preclude any further professional advice. The prospective user of this memorandum is encouraged to carry out additional diligence and gather any information which is necessary for making an informed decision, including taking professional advice from a qualified consultant/technical expert before taking any decision to act upon the information.
For more information on services offered by SMEDA, please contact our website: www.smeda.org.pk
Diagnostic Laboratory is proposed to be located at Quetta or any other place
near hospitals and clinics all over Pakistan. This laboratory has the capacity to
conduct 35 types of Medical test at the proposed location. The initial capacity
utilization is 75%, because the diseases are spreading very fast and the
laboratories are high in demand, with 3% increase annually and maximum
utilization is 95%.
Total Cost Estimates is Rs. 5,636,922 with fixed investment Rs. 4,811,368 and
working capital Rs. 825,554.
Given the cost assumptions IRR and payback are 27% and 4.46 years respectively
The most critical considerations or factors for success of the project are: Location
of the project is of prime importance, Selection of technical / skilled staff would be
very crucial decision to be made by the management, Continuous efforts should
be made for up-gradation of the technology and the most important factor for the
success of the project is the quality of service provided to the patients and
atmosphere.
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3 INTRODUCTION TO SMEDA The Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA) was established in October 1998 with an objective to provide fresh impetus to the economy through development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).
With a mission "to assist in employment generation and value addition to the national income, through development of the SME sector, by helping increase the number, scale and competitiveness of SMEs", SMEDA has carried out ‘sectoral research’ to identify policy, access to finance, business development services, strategic initiatives and institutional collaboration and networking initiatives.
Preparation and dissemination of prefeasibility studies in key areas of investment has been a successful hallmark of SME facilitation by SMEDA.
Concurrent to the prefeasibility studies, a broad spectrum of business development services is also offered to the SMEs by SMEDA. These services include identification of experts and consultants and delivery of need based capacity building programs of different types in addition to business guidance through help desk services.
4 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT The objective of the pre-feasibility study is primarily to facilitate potential entrepreneurs in project identification for investment. The project pre-feasibility may form the basis of an important investment decision and in order to serve this objective, the document/study covers various aspects of project concept development, start-up, and production, marketing, finance and business management.
The purpose of this document is to facilitate potential investors in Diagnostic Laboratory by providing them with a general understanding of the business with the intention of supporting potential investors in crucial investment decisions.
The need to come up with pre-feasibility reports for undocumented or minimally documented sectors attains greater imminence as the research that precedes such reports reveal certain thumb rules; best practices developed by existing enterprises by trial and error, and certain industrial norms that become a guiding source regarding various aspects of business set-up and it’s successful management.
Apart from carefully studying the whole document one must consider critical aspects provided later on, which form basis of any Investment Decision.
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5 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT & PRODUCT Following key parameters must be addressed as per pre-feasibility study under preparation
• Technology: This proposed diagnostic laboratory includes modern machinery and equipment to provide diagnostic services to the patients.
• Location: The Diagnostic Laboratory should be established at a location that is easily accessible and has population concentration or the appropriate place would be near private or public hospitals.
• Product: The proposed diagnostic laboratory will be capable of conducting Biochemistry, Haematology, serology, histopathology, microbiology and chemical pathology tests.
• Target Market: The proposed Diagnostic laboratory can be established in Quetta/any other district of Balochistan or all over Pakistan.
• Employment Generation: The proposed project will provide direct employment to 6 people.
5.1 Installed and Operational Capacities The diagnostic laboratory has a testing capacity of 11,040/ Year approximately and will be operational for 330 days a year and 12 hours a day. Initially the laboratory will be operated at 75 % the capital utilization and will increase it by 3% yearly. The Maximum capacity utilization will be 95%.
6 CRITICAL FACTORS
• Location of the project is of prime importance.
• Selection of technical / skilled staff would be very crucial decision to be
made by the management.
• Continuous efforts should be made for up-gradation of the technology.
• The most important factor for the success of the project is the quality of
service provided to the patients and atmosphere.
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7 GEOGRAPHICAL POTENTIAL FOR INVESTMENT Pakistan is a densely populated Country. At least one-thirds of the population is living below the poverty line, which has no access to clean water and lacks proper sanitation facilities. These handicaps pose a serious threat to the health of the masses. Moreover, the overlapping and harsh climate of Pakistan causes major viral diseases throughout the year. This creates a great demand for Diagnostic Laboratories in Pakistan. A big investment opportunity exists in this sector. Introduction of latest technology, hygienic environment and professional staff also contribute to the popularity of private sector hospitals and laboratories. Increasing trend of medical diagnosis through scientific medical tests has increased the need of high capital investment in this sector. Investment in the private sector can, therefore, exploit this opportunity and provide latest and dependable diagnostic services on round-the-clock basis.
8 POTENTIAL TARGET CUSTOMERS / MARKETS Pakistan is the seventh populous country in the world. According to the census of 1998, the population of Pakistan was 132.35 million which rose to 207.77 million in 2017 (Pakistan Bureau of Statistic). This growth rate is a tremendous challenge to the existing infrastructure, which has resulted in high level of environmental pollution, and especially, it affects the health care system in the country. This has given rise to demand of private sector health care facilities.
The demand for diagnostic laboratory is rising in accordance with the increase in population and diseases. The number of existing laboratories is not as high to meet the growing demand of tests.
There are number of diagnostic laboratories, which are operate in organized sector in Pakistan but this industry has not yet developed to any sizeable extent in Balochistan, which is hardly enough to satisfy the domestic demand.
9 PROJECT COST SUMMARY
9.1 Project Economics All the figures in this financial model have been calculated for estimated revenue of Rs. 5,394,627 in the year one. The capacity utilization during year one is worked out at 75% with 3% increase in subsequent years up to the maximum capacity utilization of 95%.
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The following table shows internal rate of return, payback period and net present value of the proposed venture.
Table 1: Project Economics
Description Details
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 27%
Payback Period (yrs.) 4.46
Net Present Value (Rs.) 3,249,243
9.2 Project Financing Following table provides details of the equity required and variables related to bank loan;
Table 2: Project Financing
Description Details
Total Equity (50%) Rs. 2,818,461
Bank Loan (50%) Rs. 2,818,461
Markup to the Borrower (%age / annum) 16%
Tenure of the Loan (Years) 5
9.3 Project Cost Following fixed and working capital requirements have been identified for operations of the proposed business.
Table 3: Project Cost
Description Amount Rs.
Capital Cost
Building Renovation 500,000
Plant and Machinery 2,553,000
Furniture & Fixture 380,000
Office vehicles 875,500
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Office Equipment 250,000
Pre-operating Cost 202,868
Training cost 50,000
Total Capital Cost 4,811,368
Working Capital
Raw Material Inventory 42,697
Up-front Building Rent 576,000
Insurance payment 6,857
Cash 200,000
Total Working Capital 825,554
Total Project Cost 5,636,922
9.4 Space Requirement The space requirement for the proposed Diagnostic Laboratory is estimated considering various facilities including Reception, waiting room, diagnostic room, storeroom, washroom, cleanroom and generator room and rent is given below;
Table 4: Space Requirment
Description Estimated Area (Sqft)
Reception 100
Waiting room 400
Diagnostic room 625
Storeroom 100
Washroom 75
Cleaner room 64
Generator room 25
Total Area 1389 (Sqft)
Rent (12 Months) Rs. 576,000
Renovation Amount Rs. 500,000
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9.5 Machinery & Equipment Requirement Plant, machinery and equipment for the proposed project are stated below.
9.6 Furniture & Fixtures Requirement Details of the furniture and fixture required for the project are given below;
Table 6: Furniture & Fixture
Description Quantity Unit Cost (Rs.)
Total Cost (Rs.)
Furniture 1 100,000 100,000
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Water Dispenser 1 15,000 15,000
Refrigerator 1 45,000 45,000
Air conditioner (split 1.5 tons) 2 75,000 150,000
Electricity wiring and stabilizer 1 70,000 70,000
Total 380,000
9.7 Office Equipment Requirement Following office equipment will be required for Diagnostic laboratory;
Table 7: Office Equipment
Description Quantity Unit Cost (Rs.)
Total Cost (Rs.)
Desktops (Core i7) 2 60,000 120,000
Printer 1 40,000 40,000
Scanner 1 20,000 20,000
Telephones 3 5,000 15,000
Fax Machine 1 35,000 35,000
Cabling 1 20,000 20,000
Total 250,000
9.8 Human Resource Requirement In order to run operations of Diagnostic laboratory smoothly, details of human resources required along with number of employees and monthly salary are recommended as under;
Table 8: Human Resource Requirment
Description No. of Employees Monthly Salary per
person (Rs.)
Manager + Accountant 1 50,000
Lab Technicians 2 25,000
Receptionist 1 22,000
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Sweeper 1 20,000
Driver 1 20,000
9.9 Utilities and other costs An essential cost to be borne by the project is the cost of electricity. The electricity expenses are estimated to be around Rs, 40,000 per month and total utility expense will be 42,500 per month. Furthermore, promotional expense being essential for marketing of Diagnostic laboratory is estimated as 5 % of administrative / Cost of Sales expenses.
9.10 Revenue Generation Based on the capacity utilization of 90%, respectively, sales revenue during the first year of operations is estimated as under;
Table 9: Revenue Generation – Year 1
Description Avg Price/Test
Avg Cost/Test
No. of Test During Y1
Sale Price / unit (Rs.)
Sugar Glucose 240
76
540
129,600
Uric Acid 300
95
540
162,000
Urea 300
95
360
108,000
Creatinine 300
95
300
90,000
Cholesterol 450
143
300
135,000
Triglyceride 300
95
300
90,000
High density Lepo protein Cholesterol
1,650
523
300
495,000
Low density Lepo protein Cholesterol
1,650
523
300
495,000
Lever function tests 450
143
180
81,000
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Cardiac enzymes 750
238
180
135,000
Cells related tests 450
143
540
243,000
CBC 450
143
540
243,000
CP 450
143
540
243,000
ESR 150
48
300
45,000
Platelets 450
143
300
135,000
Coagulations profile 450
143
360
162,000
Peripheral smear 450
143
360
162,000
Hepatitis A 600
190
360
216,000
Hepatitis B 450
143
240
108,000
Hepatitis C 450
143
240
108,000
HIV 900
285
60
54,000
VDRL 600
190
540
324,000
Typhoid 450
143
540
243,000
Vidal 450
143
360
162,000
Remo tide Arthritis factor (RA Factor)
450
143
180
81,000
Biopsies 2,400
760
180
432,000
Pap smear 1,200
380
120
144,000
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Malignant cell 1,200
380
120
144,000
Cytology 900
285
120
108,000
Culture and Sensitivity 900
285
360
324,000
Blood 900
285
360
324,000
Urine 900
285
360
324,000
Urine D.R 450
143
300
135,000
Stool D.R 240
76
180
43,200
Pregnancy tests 300
95
180
54,000
Total 11,040 Rs. 6,481,800 10 CONTACT DETAILS In order to facilitate potential investors, contact details of private sector Service Providers relevant to the proposed project be given.
11 USEFUL WEB LINKS Small & Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA)
www.smeda.org.pk
Government of Pakistan www.pakistan.gov.pk
Ministry of Industries & Production www.moip.gov.pk
Ministry of Education, Training & Standards in Higher Education
http://moptt.gov.pk
Government of Punjab www.punjab.gov.pk
Government of Sindh www.sindh.gov.pk
Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa www.khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk
Government of Balochistan www.balochistan.gov.pk
Government of Gilgit Baltistan www.gilgitbaltistan.gov.pk
Government of Azad Jamu Kashmir www.ajk.gov.pk
Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP) www.tdap.gov.pk
Security Commission of Pakistan (SECP) www.secp.gov.pk
Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FPCCI)
www.fpcci.com.pk
State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) www.sbp.org.pk
Punjab Small Industries Corporation www.psic.gop.pk Sindh Small Industries Corporation www.ssic.gos.pk Pakistan Horticulture Development and Export Company (PHDEC)
www.phdec.org.pk
Punjab Vocational Training Council (PVTC) www.pvtc.gop.pk Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority (TEVTA)
www.tevta.org
Pakistan Readymade Garment Technical Training Institute www.prgmea.org/prgtti/ Livestock & Dairy Development Department, Government www.livestockpunjab.gov.pk
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of Punjab. Punjab Industrial Estates (PIE) www.pie.com.pk Faisalabad Industrial Estate Development and Management Company (FIEDMC)
www.fiedmc.com.pk
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12 ANNEXURES
12.1 Income Statement
Statement Summaries SMEDAIncome Statement
Rs. in actualsYear 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 Year 10