DFID – World Bank Kyrgyzstan. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation project Kyrgyzstan - 2005 Area189,999 sq km Population 5,081,429 Bishkek589,000 Seven.

DFID – World Bank Kyrgyzstan

Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Rural Water Supply and Sanitation projectproject

Kyrgyzstan - 2005Kyrgyzstan - 2005

AreaArea 189,999 sq km189,999 sq kmPopulationPopulation 5,081,4295,081,429BishkekBishkek 589,000589,000Seven OblastsSeven Oblasts IssykKul, Naryn, Talas, IssykKul, Naryn, Talas,

Chui, Chui, Osh, Jalalabad, Osh, Jalalabad, Batken.Batken.

GDP per capitaGDP per capita 1,600 $1,600 $ReligionReligion 75% Islam, 20% Russian 75% Islam, 20% Russian

Orthodox, 5% othersOrthodox, 5% others

Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan

AcronymsAcronyms

• DFID DFID – – Department for International Development, GBDepartment for International Development, GB• WB – World BankWB – World Bank• MAWR&PI – Ministry for agriculture, water resources and MAWR&PI – Ministry for agriculture, water resources and

processing industry (further – the Ministry)processing industry (further – the Ministry)• DRWS – Department for Rural Water Supply (further – the DRWS – Department for Rural Water Supply (further – the

Department)Department)• PMU – Project Management UnitPMU – Project Management Unit• PMC – Project Management Consultant, Carl Bro Int. (further PMC – Project Management Consultant, Carl Bro Int. (further

– the Consultant)– the Consultant)• TA – Technical AssistanceTA – Technical Assistance• CDWUU - Community Drinking Water Users UnionCDWUU - Community Drinking Water Users Union• RWSSP – Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project (further RWSSP – Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project (further

– the Project)– the Project)


• General ImplementationGeneral Implementation

- Financing agencies: DFID (TA grant), WB Financing agencies: DFID (TA grant), WB (Loan)(Loan)

- Executing agency: MAWR&PP -> DRWS -> Executing agency: MAWR&PP -> DRWS -> PMUPMU

- Implementation units: PMC (TA), PMU (Loan)Implementation units: PMC (TA), PMU (Loan)

- Client: Client: CCommunity ommunity DDrinking rinking WWater ater UUsers sers UUnion nion CDWUUCDWUU

- Other stakeholders: Oblast and Rayon Other stakeholders: Oblast and Rayon administrations, Village Administrationadministrations, Village Administration


““Taza SuuTaza Suu“ is the national programme “ is the national programme for clean drinking water supply in the for clean drinking water supply in the rural areas and is part of the process rural areas and is part of the process of decentralisation of the state of decentralisation of the state structure and service managementstructure and service management


The DFID and World Bank finance the The DFID and World Bank finance the RWSSP for the northern regions:RWSSP for the northern regions:Issyk Kul, Naryn and TalasIssyk Kul, Naryn and Talas

The Asian Development Bank finances The Asian Development Bank finances the programme in the southern regionsthe programme in the southern regions


Tasks implemented by the Tasks implemented by the Project Project Management Consultant Management Consultant in cooperation with in cooperation with DRWS: DRWS:

- Community mobilisationCommunity mobilisation

- Engineering DesignEngineering Design

- Financial managementFinancial management

- Procurement of works and materialsProcurement of works and materials

- Supervision of the WSS constructionSupervision of the WSS construction

- Training of community and CDWUU membersTraining of community and CDWUU members

- Institutional Development of the DRWSInstitutional Development of the DRWS

• Main stages of implementation of a sub-Main stages of implementation of a sub-projectproject::

- Community mobilisation for creation of CDWUU and Community mobilisation for creation of CDWUU and 5% upfront cash contribution5% upfront cash contribution

- Preliminary Design in close cooperation with the Preliminary Design in close cooperation with the community by PMCcommunity by PMC

- Approval by CDWUU and other state organisationsApproval by CDWUU and other state organisations- Detailed Design by PMCDetailed Design by PMC- Transfer of the 5% cash collected to the DRWS Transfer of the 5% cash collected to the DRWS

accountaccount- National procurement of Works and Materials National procurement of Works and Materials - Construction of the WSS by local firms under PMC’s Construction of the WSS by local firms under PMC’s

supervisionsupervision- Setting tariff by community and CDWUU Setting tariff by community and CDWUU - Monitoring of the CDWUU performance during the 1Monitoring of the CDWUU performance during the 1stst

year of exploitation of the WSSyear of exploitation of the WSS

* * Training of the CDWUU covers all the stagesTraining of the CDWUU covers all the stages


• Training by Stages of Implementation of a Training by Stages of Implementation of a sub-project:sub-project:

- Module 1: CDWUU Capacity BuildingModule 1: CDWUU Capacity Building- Module 2: Financial Management 1Module 2: Financial Management 1- Module 3: Tender and ProcurementModule 3: Tender and Procurement- Module 4: Mobilisation and implementation of Module 4: Mobilisation and implementation of

15%15%- Module 5: Financial Management 2Module 5: Financial Management 2- Module 6: Water Quality/HygieneModule 6: Water Quality/Hygiene- Module 7: Operation and Maintenance of WSSModule 7: Operation and Maintenance of WSS- Module 8: Management for SustainabilityModule 8: Management for Sustainability


Status on 10 Nov 2005 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006total sub

project

Preliminary Design Ongoing 1 19 20

Detailed Design On-going 1 9 10

Awaiting Technical Council Approval

1 7 8

Tender process 1 1 21 23

Under Construction 4 11 35 7 57

Completed 9 36 12 57

210 villages 15 47 49 45 19 175


Main project dataMain project data

Household servedHousehold served 70,38870,388Population served Population served 318,433318,433Villages covered 2002-2005 / spVillages covered 2002-2005 / sp 189/156189/156Coverage Coverage of populationof population 46%46%WB funds committed (Nov-05)WB funds committed (Nov-05) 14,831 14,831

kUSDkUSDAverage WB disburs/capAverage WB disburs/cap 47 USD/cap47 USD/capAverage WB disburs/villageAverage WB disburs/village 78,475 USD78,475 USDAverage tariff (approved in 55 vill.)Average tariff (approved in 55 vill.) 6.4 som/cap6.4 som/cap


Most of the systems are 20 and more years Most of the systems are 20 and more years old they are rehabilitated, or new WSS are old they are rehabilitated, or new WSS are builtbuilt

• Asbestos cement pipes are lined with Asbestos cement pipes are lined with polyethylene polyethylene pipespipes

• All water sources are tested and certified by All water sources are tested and certified by Min of Min of HealthHealth

• People can find a stand pipes within an People can find a stand pipes within an average average radius of 100 mradius of 100 m


Source typeSource type

Artesian boreholeArtesian borehole 6%6%

Deep boreholeDeep borehole 41%41%

Hand pump Hand pump 1%1%

Infiltration systemInfiltration system 21%21%

Spring captureSpring capture 31%31%

DisinfectionDisinfection

ChlorinationChlorination 86%86%

Ultra violetUltra violet 14%14%

NetworkNetwork

No of tap standsNo of tap stands 6,9726,972

Length pipesLength pipes [km][km] 1,5511,551

Persons/tap standPersons/tap stand 4646

Pipes m/personPipes m/person 4.94.9

Assessment of the sustainability of Assessment of the sustainability of CDWUUsCDWUUs

Focused on:Focused on:

• Priority given to clean waterPriority given to clean water

• Organisational set-upOrganisational set-up

• Economic & financial performanceEconomic & financial performance

• Institutional relationshipsInstitutional relationships

• Cooperation with other CDWUUs and local Cooperation with other CDWUUs and local authoritiesauthorities


Sustainibility/Oblast Naryn Issyk Kul Talas Total %

Sustainable 4 6 4 14 9

Sustainable with additional support

41 38 26 105 68

Not sustainable 17 11 7 35 23

Projects total 62 55 37 154

Status of sustainability of ongoing and completed schemes, 17 October 2004


Major impediments to sustainabilityMajor impediments to sustainability• People are not willing to pay tariffPeople are not willing to pay tariff

• Drinking water is not a top priority for peopleDrinking water is not a top priority for people

• Lack of external assistance (DRWS, loc. Lack of external assistance (DRWS, loc. Authorities, etc.)Authorities, etc.)

• Payment of state taxes (VAT, roads, emergency, Payment of state taxes (VAT, roads, emergency, social, etc.)social, etc.)

• Lack of management skills of the CDWUU Lack of management skills of the CDWUU chairperson/ board, accountant.chairperson/ board, accountant.


Impact assessment of the RWSSPImpact assessment of the RWSSPImpactsImpacts

• Economic Economic

• SocialSocial

• HealthHealth

• Institution Building, capacity and ownershipInstitution Building, capacity and ownership

• Attitude and confidenceAttitude and confidence

• External relations and partnershipExternal relations and partnership

• Village water infrastructureVillage water infrastructure


Impact assessment Impact assessment of the RWSSPof the RWSSPSample from 21 villages Sample from 21 villages in the 3 Oblastsin the 3 Oblasts

255 255 householdshouseholds21 21 SchoolsSchools2121 CDWUUsCDWUUs1818 Ayil OkmotuAyil Okmotu1/31/3 of completed of completed

schemes schemes working working since one yearsince one year

1.6%1.6% of population in of population in complete complete schemesschemes

Some resultsSome results AverageAverage values per villagevalues per villageNew paid jobsNew paid jobs 3.23.2Temp jobsTemp jobs 7.07.0New businessNew business 1.51.5Tariff paidTariff paid 35.5%35.5%Working standpipesWorking standpipes Before Before

NowNow5.65.6 20.720.7

Service days/weekService days/week Before Before NowNow

1.81.8 6.26.2


Conclusions and recommendationsConclusions and recommendationsProject levelProject level

• Sometimes communities are pushed to join the Sometimes communities are pushed to join the project just for political reasonsproject just for political reasons - - Only communities Only communities which give priority to clean water should be included which give priority to clean water should be included in the projectin the project

Public levelPublic level• Communities do not link health problems to water Communities do not link health problems to water

qualityquality - - More public information and awareness More public information and awareness raising thru all possible channels – media, raising thru all possible channels – media, educational (targeting all age groups)educational (targeting all age groups)


Conclusions and recommendations Conclusions and recommendations

Community levelCommunity levelThe impact assessment of the project on communities is quite The impact assessment of the project on communities is quite encouraging, but still sustainability is an issue – encouraging, but still sustainability is an issue –

CDWUUs shall take initiative to CDWUUs shall take initiative to • Act as a partner to health and sanitation bodies in Act as a partner to health and sanitation bodies in

rising rising awareness about influence of water quality on awareness about influence of water quality on community’s community’s health; health;

• Reinforce peoples’ awareness of community ownership Reinforce peoples’ awareness of community ownership over the community water supply over the community water supply

• Formulate expectations regarding community water Formulate expectations regarding community water supply supply system (like household connections, etc.)system (like household connections, etc.)

• Obtain community’s commitment to support WSS Obtain community’s commitment to support WSS construction construction and maintenanceand maintenance

• Continue capacity buildingContinue capacity building


Conclusions and recommendationsConclusions and recommendationsInstitutional levelInstitutional level

• The legislation for drinking water in the the rural areas is The legislation for drinking water in the the rural areas is still weakstill weak

• The role of the Department is still unclear and risks its The role of the Department is still unclear and risks its abolition after completion of the project in year 2007abolition after completion of the project in year 2007

• The Department The Department does not have enough capacity (both does not have enough capacity (both human and financial) to supporthuman and financial) to support several hundreds of newly several hundreds of newly created CDWUUs created CDWUUs

• CDWUUs lack state support like temporarily tax vacancies, CDWUUs lack state support like temporarily tax vacancies, etc.etc.

• The DepartmentThe Department is not enough involvedis not enough involved in learning and in learning and analysing experience of CDWUUs, as well as disseminating analysing experience of CDWUUs, as well as disseminating successful experiencesuccessful experience

The Kyrgyz Government should seriously The Kyrgyz Government should seriously pay attention to the elaboration of a rural pay attention to the elaboration of a rural water sector strategywater sector strategy

Thanks for the attention

DFID – World Bank Kyrgyzstan. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation project Kyrgyzstan - 2005 Area189,999 sq km Population 5,081,429 Bishkek589,000 Seven.

Documents

project slide

sanitation project kyrgyzstan

sub project

water resources

drws slide

clean drinking water

service management slide

department drws department