DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL ARTS
DEVELOPMENT OF VISUAL ARTS
PRE- HISTORICAL PAINTING
(40, 000 BC – 9, 000 BC)
Paintings were focused on animal
spear and other rudimentary
materials. They were drawn on caves,
stones, and on earth-filled ground. The
drawings or illustrations are primarily
focused on hunting and stylistic
treatment.
GREEK ART
Cave painting at Roca dels Moros, in El Cogul.
Aurochs on a cave painting in Lascaux, France
Mural in the Tomb of the DiverCredit: Velvet
Mural in the Tomb of the DiverCredit: Michael Johanning
Mural in the Tomb of the Diver
1. Formative or Pre-
Greek Period
motif was sea and
nature
2. First Greek Period
largely Egyptian influence
3. Golden Age
(480-400 BC)
4. Hellenistic Period
(4th Century- 1st BC)
heightened individualism,
tragic mood, and contorted
faces (lacaustic painting)
Greek Tomb Mural (from another tomb)
Abduction of Persephone
Chariot Mural (Vergina Tombs)
Chariot Mural (Vergina Tombs)
Hunt Mural (Vergina Tombs)
The subject matters of painting in
Greece were on young wide males,
draped female, wounded soldiers, and scenes from everyday life.
ROMAN ART
FORMS OF ROMAN PAINTING
1. Murals And Panel Portraits Most surviving Roman panel
paintings are Egyptian mummy portraits, prepared upon the subject's death for inclusion in burial. These portraits, which comprise the only large preserved body of ancient panel painting, were produced under the Roman Empire (of which Egypt was a province)
EXAMPLES:
Mummy Portrait from Roman
EgyptCredit: Keith
Schengili-Roberts
Credit: Eloquence
1. Etruscan Period
(2000-1000 BC)
subject matters of painting were
on ancestors worship; catacombs
and sarcophage
Etruscan Mural
Etruscan Mural
2. Roman Period
(2000 BC- 400 AD)
subject matters of painting were
commemorative statues,
sarcophage; frescoes, design with
vine motifs
Roman fresco from Boscoreale, 43–30 BC
Metropolitan Museum of Art
The art served the cult of
ancestors and defied emperors.
Medieval Period
1. Early Christian Art
Early Christian Mural
Early Christian Mural
Early Christian Mural
Early Christian Mural
Early Christian Mural
Subject matters of art were symbols: cross, fish, lamb, alpha and omega, triumphal wreath, grapes, doves, and peacocks and later-haloed Christ, saints and the Virgin Mary, and martyrs. Spiritual expressions took precedence over physical beauty and symbols were emphasized.
2. Byzantine Art
The subject matters of painting were
Christ as the Creator and Mary as the
Mother of God.
Byzantine Icon
Byzantine Icon
Byzantine Icon
Byzantine Icon
Byzantine Icon
3. Gothic Art
Subject matters of painting were
religious and grotesque; more calmer
and plastic style. The picture of the
Madonna and Child gazing into each
other’s eyes in playful mood is an
example of this style.
Madonna and Child, Giotto
Nativity (Life of Christ mural series, Arena Chapel, Padua), Giotto
Adoration of the Magi (Life of Christ mural series, Arena Chapel, Padua), Giotto
Last Supper (Life of Christ mural series, Arena Chapel, Padua), Giotto
Ascension (Life of Christ mural series, Arena Chapel, Padua), Giotto
Christ (Peruzzi Altarpiece), Giotto
FRANCO- FLEMISH PAINTING
Portable easel painting and oil
paintings were utilized. Illustrations
consisting of altar pieces with general
wings that open and close. Children’s
faces were painted like small adults;
spectator was even drawn in the picture.
Landscapes were placed within the
pictures by the open window technique
where faraway landscape of towns,
people and river were seen.
1. RENAISSANCE ART
1. Early Renaissance
(14th-15th Century)
The styles of painting are simplicity
pretty, gestures and expression. Painting
was on man and nature in fresco
technique.
2. High Renaissance
(16th Century)
Its center was in Florence, Venice
and Rome. Painting styles consists of
deepening of pictorial space,
making the sky more dramatic with
the dark clouds and flashes of light.
Da Vinci introduced the
chiaroscuro; Michaelangelo
dramatized the position of figures in
his famous contrapuesto-twists.
3. Mannerism period
Subject matter is on human figure
with the use of oil painting and color.
Colors were sumptuous, warm, and
sensual.
Famous painters in this period were
Giotto, Leonardo Da Vinci, Raphael
Sanzio and Miachaelangelo.
2. BAROQUE ART
• Painting style is ornate and fantastic
appealing to the emotion, sensual and
highly decorative; with light and
shadow for dramatic effect. The
paintings showed figures in diagonal,
twists and zigzags.
• Famous painters included Paul Rubens,
Rembrandt, El Greco, Diego
Velasquez, and Murillo.
3. ROCOCO ART
• The painting emphasized voluptuousness, picturesque, and intimate protection of farm and country. Rococo art technique made use of soft pastel colors rendering the landscape smoking, and hazy with the subject always in the center of the canvas.
• Famous Rococo painters were Watteau, Fragonard, Hogarth, Reynolds, and Ingres.
4. ROMANTIC ART
• The emphasis of painting is on the
painter’s reactions to past events,
landscapes, and people.
• Painting is richer than the Rococo Art.
The famous painter in this period was Francisco Goya.
19th CENTURY PAINTING
(MODERN ART)
1. Impressionists
• Paul Cezanne was the greatest
impressionist and the Father of Modern
Art.
• His efforts were toward the
achievement of simplicity, brilliance,
and perfect balance in art, brightness
of colors and sense of depth in art.
The Bibémus Quarry
Mont Sainte-Victoire Landscape
Mont Sainte-Victoire Landscape
Mont Sainte-Victoire Landscape
Mont Sainte-Victoire Landscape
Provence Mountain Landscape
2. Expressionists
• Vincent Van Gogh was the Father of
Expressionism.
• He used bright, pure colors mixedon
the palette but applied to the canvas
in small dots or strokes replying on the
beholder’s eyes to see them together.
Starry Night (Vincent van Gogh)
3. Simplicity in
art
• Paul Gauguin was simple in his artistic
style.
• He studied the technique of craftsmen,
applied these to his canvas,
simplifying the outline of forms but strong patches of colors.