Development of Two-Wheeler Use for Farming

International Journal of Research in Engineering, Science and Management

Volume-3, Issue-5, May-2020

www.ijresm.com | ISSN (Online): 2581-5792

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Abstract: Today society is warm with urbanization and

demonstration effect. With a view towards it there are drastic

changes coming up in all sector even in automobile industry.

However, in the globalizing world, very few people are focusing on

farming and from that, no one is thinking for poor farmers who

cannot afford heavy farming equipment or machinery. Our

project is for helping poor farmers, which will provide sufficient

out, but to farmers in less effort and low labor cost. An articulated

vehicle is a three-wheel bike which is modified for doing several

works like weed removing and adopting other attachments like

rotavator, cultivator etc. This report describes the working and

controlling of over project.

Keywords: Farming operation, Mini transport vehicle, Modified

two-wheeler for farming.

1. Introduction

With introduction of summer, groundnut crop in the region

increased the demand of draft power, which forced the farmers

to search for economical alternatives. Also increasing

frequency of drought, decreased supply of fodder, restrictive

usage of bullocks, high maintenance cost of draft animals added

to it. Whereas tractors were found uneconomical for later stage

(when the soil has considerably softened) for ploughing and

inter-culturing, weeding due to high weight and fuel

consumption, triggered the innovator. It is a simple

multipurpose toolbar, which attaches to vehicles like Old

Motorcycle by replacing the back wheel.

For farming operations, tractor is not an affordable option for

farmers having small land holdings. Increase in the cost of

fodder for bullocks, regular occurrence of drought and shortage

of farm labor forced the farmers of Gujarat to look for an

alternative to Bullock. Inspired by a local mode of transport, the

three-wheel taxi “Chhakdo” (common transport in the Gujarat

region), innovator has developed an innovative multipurpose

farming machine which can do all the operations which can be

carried out by a pair of bullocks.

Using the self-fabricated chassis, drive and power of an Old

motorcycle in front the innovator has retrofitted an attachment

with two wheels at the rear with a tool bar to fit various farm

implements. The rear wheel of the motorcycle has been

removed and an innovative assembled unit has been attached.

This meets various needs such as Ploughing, weeding and

sowing seeds and spraying. It can improve productivity and

reduce operating costs for farmers, who currently use bullock

driven plough and cannot afford the tractors or power tillers.

A. Basic Survey

Fig. 1. Basic survey

B. Aim

To help the poor farmer by this project. Which will provide

them more output in low labour coast as well as this project will

help them to do multi task by attaching different setups easily.

C. Objective

Weeds (Unwanted grass or plant removing).

Sprayer (insect sprayer that will protect plant from

insects).

Slope Bunding (creating a small hill for cropping).

Trailer attachment (Transportation)

Sowing fertilizer

Seed planting

2. Design

Calculation:

Assumption:

Mass (M) =250Kg

Velocity (V) =15kmph = 4.167m/s

Diameter of wheel (D) =0.5588m

Development of Two-Wheeler Use for Farming

Dhyey R. Savaliya1*, Periskumar Savani2, Monik Dholariya3, Uttam Khunt4

1,2,4Student, Department of Automobile Engineering, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India 3Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, India

*Corresponding author: [email protected]




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N=142.40RPM

Fig. 2. Layout of transmission system

Newton’s Second law of motion

In an inertial frame of reference, the vector sum of the force

F on an object is equal to the mass m of that object multiplied

by the acceleration(a) of the object: F = ma.

F=250*9.81

F=2452.5N

Power

P=2452.5*4.167

P=10219.567

P=10.2196Kwatt

P=13.69HP

Torque

T = 685.2285Nm

= 142.4192RPM

=2*π*

=894.77rad/min

Total gear ratio ( )

1) Gear ratio

Primary Drive ratio ( ) = 3.47

First gear ratio ( ) =2.92

Final Drive ratio ( ) =2.8

Require Ratio ( ) = ?

2) For axle shaft requirement

D = 17mm

3. Back Side View of Three-Wheel Unit




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Fig. 3. Back view of three-wheel unit (All Dimension in mm)

1) Side View:

Fig. 4. Side view (All Dimension in mm)

2) Lifting:

Fig. 5. Lifting (All Dimension in mm)

3) Attachment




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Fig. 6. Attachment (All Dimension in mm)

4. Method and Material

A. Different operation

1) Welding

Types of welding

• Gas welding

• Arc welding

• TIG welding

• MIG welding

• Laser welding

Fig. 7. Arc welding machine

Welding is process of joining two metal plates by means of

melting and electrode flux. We have preferred arc welding for

our project because the arc welding is suitable for our project

and it is easily operate than other welding.

2) Grinding and Cutting

Fig. 8. Grinding and cutting machine

It is process of making smooth surface of object by means of

removing some material from the surface of object in our

project. We have use hand grinding machine, which is operate

easily, and handling.

Cutting is process of removing extra material from

manufactured product in our project. We have cutting channel

and extra material by help of hand cutting machine this machine

is common machine. We have to just change tool (disc) of

machine so this machine can be use grinding and cutting.

3) Drilling

Fig. 9. Vertical drilling machine

It is a process of smoothing the surface of drilled holes with

a tool. Tool is known as reamer. Initially a hole is drilled

slightly smaller in size. Reamer replaces drill. Speed is reduced

to half that of the drilling. Boring is process carried on a drilling

machine to increase the size of an already drilled hole. Initially

a hole is drilled to the nearest size and using a boring tool the

size of the hole is increased.

5. Material

A. Chain sprocket

Fig. 10. Chain sprocket

Chain sprocket is part of transmission system. We have use

chain and sprocket in our project because it has good

transmission characteristic in compare to other driveline for

reduce the speed and increase the torque. We have use two set

of chain sprocket in driveline to increase the torque.




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The diameter of small chain sprocket 121.41mm and teeth

are 24. The diameter of big chain sprocket 202.33mm and teeth

are 42.

B. Wheels and Tyres

Fig. 11. Wheels and Tyres

We have use appropriate tyre which provide good grip in

farming. We have found the spoke wheel consist for our project

and hence it was in our allowances characteristic so we

preferred customize parameter spoke wheel. Tyre size is 3/18.

C. Shafting

Fig. 12. Shafting

The shafting is main component of mechanical transmission

system so it should have good load carrying characteristic so

we have use mild steel because it provides good strength and

good load carrying characteristic.

Lifting is component, which provide leverage for lifting of

rear attachment assembly by means of using men power, and

the lifting is foot operated lifting.

Two shafts are use in our project Shaft 1: (rear axle) diameter

= 27mm, length = 1220mm

Shaft 2: (lifting) diameter = 20mm and length = 915mm

D. Channels

Fig. 13. Channels

For fabrication of chassis, we have use different type of

channel. The load on chassis is high so we use the good material

for chassis, which can sustain high load so we have selected

mild steel in attachment. We have use grass removing triangular

plate.

L channel thickness 5mm, width, and height are 50mm

Square channel thickness 5mm, width, and height are 50mm

Flat channel thickness 8mm, width 65

Triangular channel width 50mm

E. Plummer Block Bearing

Fig. 14. Plummer Block Bearing

The bearing casing is use to maintain the eccentricity

between shafts and bearing center and it provide smooth

rotational motion to shaft. The casing material is cast iron and

bearing material is stainless steel.

Bearing one (lifting) size is P204 20mm inner diameter.

Bearing two (rear axle) size is P205 25mm inner diameter.

F. Bolts, Nuts and Pin

The bolt and pins are used to hold the two-meting surface of

an object at their place. We have use different size of bolt and

pin.

G. Top Link

Fig. 15. Top Link

Top link is a hinge point between attachment and vehicle can

be very in length. It also helps in lifting the rear attachment and

for deep weeding. Length is 610 mm.




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6. Flow of Work

A. Disassemble of Rear Component

Fig. 16. Disassemble of rear component

B. Drilling and Cutting

Fig. 17. Drilling and cutting

C. Making Three Wheel unit

Fig. 18. Planning and Welding

Fig. 19. Three-wheel unit

D. Lifting unit




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Fig. 20. Lifting mechanism

E. Attachment

Fig. 21. Attachment

F. Painting

Fig. 22. Painting

G. Costing Table

Fig. 23. Table of Costing

7. Application

A. Weeds (Unwanted grass or plant removing)

Fig. 24. Weeds

A weed may be defined as any plant or vegetation that

interferes with the objectives of farming or forestry, such as

growing crops, grazing animals or cultivating forest plantations.

A weed may also be defined as any plant growing where it is

not wanted. However, some plants are weeds regardless of

where they grow.

B. Sprayer (insect sprayer that will protect plant from insects)

Spraying and dusting, in agriculture, the standard methods of

applying pest-control chemicals and other compounds. In




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spraying, the chemicals to be applied are dissolved or

suspended in water or, less commonly, in an oil-based carrier.

Fig. 25. Sprayer

C. Slope bunding (Creating a small hill for cropping)

Fig. 26. Slope bunding

Slope bunding consists in making a narrow-based

embankment at intervals across the slope of the land on a level

that is along the contour. This method conserves soil and water

in arid and semi-arid areas with high infiltration and

permeability, and is commonly adopted on agricultural land up

to a slope of about 6%.

D. Trailer attachment (Transportation)

Fig. 27. Trailer

A trailer is an unpowered vehicle towed by a powered

vehicle. It is commonly used for the transport of goods and

materials. Sometimes recreational vehicles, travel trailers, or

mobile homes with limited living facilities where people can

camp or stay have been referred to as trailer.

E. Sowing fertilizer

Fig. 28. Sowing Fertilizer and Seed planting

The ratio of essential nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus,

potassium) in pre-sowing fertilization is usually equal. For

example: 15-15-15. However, the exact ratio of nutrients

largely depends on the application of nutrients during basic

fertilization.

F. Seed planting

Growers of flowers, herbs, vegetables, grains, legumes, and

fodder crops all rely on seed farmers for their planting material.

Fruits and nuts are an exception, as these crops are generally

reproduced through cuttings and by grafting (rather than grown

from seed).

8. Results and Discussion

A. Comparison

Fig. 29. Comparison




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The core of project is farming from two wheel, design, and

optimization of it. The result from over project to get is that the

operation of project is easy it provides good grip towards plan

and uneven roads different attachment can be added

modification can be done easily in project. It is faster method in

compare to bullock cart.

B. Advantages

a) Ideal for a wide range of agricultural operations like

Sowing, Inter-culturing, Spraying etc.

b) It is simple, easily repaired and requires low

maintenance, in contrast to tractors

c) No continuous variable cost, in contrast to bullocks

d) Comparable price to bullocks & Attachable to Old

motorcycles.

e) Stronger and faster than bullocks

f) Far cheaper than tractors

g) Simple, cheap and low maintenance

h) Multipurpose device can be used for agriculture

operation, transportation and used as regular

motorcycle.

9. Conclusion

The purpose of this project was to look beyond the

engineering. This project is for poor farmer those who are not

able to afford mini tractors for their small land farming. This

project will help them for achieving their goals. By means of

this project, we can do many things in farming sector just by

changing attachments. This project has wide range of

agricultural operations likes sowing, inter-culturing, spraying

etc. Low maintenance and running cost is there in compare to

bullock cart. In bullock cart, we have to take many precautions.

Hence, this is faster than bullock cart. By using this project, a

farmer can eliminate the need of number of labors for the same

job and this project will save time. This project will not only

help in farming it can also use for drawing luggage of fertilizer

by attaching trailer at hinge point. The focus of the project was

that how we can help our farmer by mines of this project.

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diffrencial gear box at different loads, International Journal of Advanced

Engineering Research and Studies, 2012.

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Using Finite Element Analysis, Int. Journal of Engineering Research and

Application, Sepember.2016.

[3] R.A. Didikov, R.Yu. Dobretsov, Yu. V. Galyshev. Power Distribution

Control in Perspective Wheeled Tractor Transmission, Peter the Great St.

Petersburg Polytechnic University, 29, Politekhnicheskaya Str., St.

Petersburg 195251, Russia.

[4] Indrajeet Yadav, Variation of Gear Ratios of a Vehicle Gearbox which

depends upon its type of Engine and Utility, India.

[5] M. Ravi Teja Reddy, C. Sai Virinchy, T. S. A. Suryakumari, Design and

analysis of chain drive for different materials and load conditions.”

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Development of Two-Wheeler Use for Farming

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