Development of Basic Model for Seawater Desalination System

RN68 1

KAERl/CM-533/2001

Development of SMART Advanced Reactor

Development of Basic Model for Seawater Desalination System

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DlSCLAlMER

Portions of this document may be illegib'd in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document.

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KAERI/CM-533/2001

Development of SMART Advanced Reactor

.Development of Basic Model for Seawater Desalination System

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S U M M A R Y i 1 1

construction.

The production capacity of the SMART nuclear desal ination plant is

1. TITLE

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’ SMART Nuclear Desalination Plant Basic Design Development

11. OBJECTIVES AND NEEDS

The development of the integrated reactor (SMART) is different from the nuclear reactors which is under commercial operations at present. The goal

of the SMART nuclear seawater desalination plant is to develop a seawater desal ination plant which wi 11 produce 40,000m3 of potable water from

seawater di s t i 1 1 at i on.

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I 111. SCOPE & CONTENTS

I The scope and contents of this report are: the stage-of-the-art report

for the desal ination processes, design requirements for the SMART

I desal ination plant, P&I diagrams, and general arrangement drawings, design specifications for the major equipment, the intermediate loop with the trubine (steam transformer), chemistry design guide.

IV. RESULTS ~

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This is the final report of the seawater desalination plant basic design

I development which was commissioned by KAERI and has been performed from April 1st 1999 to March 31st 2002 by Doosan heavy industries and

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40,000 m3 per day. In this report, the design concept of the desalination plant for SMART nuclear power plant has been identified and factors which will effect on the performance and cost have been optimized.

The SMART desalination plant consists of four ( 4 ) MED-TVC(Mu1ti Effect

Distillation with Thermal Vapor Compression) distillers and the capacity of each distiller is 10,000m3 per day. In view of the best utilization of the extracted steam from the steam turbine, the MED-TVC distiller has been selected as a desalination process. In order to preclude any pollutant

transfer from the nuclear power plant, a steam transformer has been

considered as an isolating mean. The steam transformer generates and

provide the heating steam from the extracted steam. The heating steam is

supplied to the thermo compressor of the MED desalination plant.

The selected desal ination process uti 1 izes a thermo compressor to

enhance the steam economy of the whole power and water plant. The .

horizontal tube falling film type evaporator has been selected as the. main equipment of the SMART desalination plant. The design life time of the desalination plant is 30 years, the minimum performance ratio is 19.6 kg of distillate per 2,326 kJ of steam consumption. The design interval of the two successive acid cleaning is 12 months. The top brine temperature

(T.B.T) is 650C and the design ambient seawater temperature is 33oC. One of

the most important factors in determining the water production cost is the performance ratio. The selected performance ration is based on the

sensitivity analysis.

Also, transient' effect due to the' interaction between the SMART nuclear plant and desalination plant has been assessed. According to the results of

the transient analysis, the transient effects are bounded with the SAFDL and it seems not to have serious negative effects on the safety.

V, APPLICATION

As a result of the three years development, desalination system, thermo

compressor system, chemical dosing system, acid cleaning system and major

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piping and valves, I&C equipment design requirements have been optimized.

The developed design requirements will be utilized in the SMART-P project. In equipment design field, the material of the MED-TVC distiller, tube

bundle design, demister arrangement and design, design and selection of the

major process pumps have been performed. The developed design requirements

will be utilized in the SMART-P project ' We developed the design technologies of various desalination plants. In '

the near feature, the developed design technologies will be used to drive .

the export of the plant in oversea.

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CONTENTS

Chapter 1.. Introduction

Chapter 2. Technology Development in Home and Foreign

Sec. 1 : Foreign

Sec.2: Home

Chapter 3. Research t Results

Sec. 1 : General

Sec. 2: State-of-the-art report of Seawater Desalination Technology

Sec. 3: SMART Desalination Plant and Coupling Concept with the SMART Nuclear Power Plant

Sec.4: Design of SMART Desalination Plant Sec. 5: Chemistry Design Guide for SMART Desalination

Sec.6: Safety Analysis in Coupling

Chapter 4. Attainment of Goal and Contribution

Chapter 5. Application of the Results

Chapter 6. Literature

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2% 3-2-1 Ag 3-2-2 2g 3-2-3 ZLg 312-4 ZLg 3-2-5 2% 3-2-6 ZLg 3-2-7

’ ZLg 3-2-8 2% 3-2-9 2% 3-2-10 2% 3-2-11 2g 3-2-12

119 3-3-1 2% 3-3-2

1% 3-3-3 29 3-3-4 2% 3-3-5 ZLg 3-3-6

2g 3-4-1 3% 3-4-2 2% 3-4-3 xi;! 3-4-4 2% 3-4-5

2% 3-4-7 2% 3-4-6

Q$*F34 @+W4 4%-s Spiral Wound Membrane

Hol 1 ow Fiber Membrane

@+ =@E4 Block Diagram SMART @+%%q MED-TVC E=€

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10 10 12 13 13 15 20 22 25 25 26 27

36 39

40 40

41 42

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2% 3-4-8

2% 3-4-9

2% 3-4-10

2g 3-4-11

2% 3-4-12

2% 3-4-13

2g 3-4-14

2% 3-5-1

2% 3-5-2

2% 3-5-3

2% 3-6-1

2g 3-6-2

Z!.g 3-6-3

2% 3-6-4

2g 3-6-5

2% 3-6-6

g+ =@E ~lp]z @ 9+71 (Thermocompressor )

SMART %+7f]%q-$* Ejector A]&g .

Desuperheater Ins tal 1 at i on Di agram Steam Transformer PFD Seawater Discharge Control

Make-up Water Flow Control

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- d 53 (Freezing),

- cfe+2!4 (Multi-Stage Flashing),

- cfgZ-8-g (Multi-Effect Distillation),

- *F%?-g (Reverse Osmosis) 1 -

501 %cf. IDA(1nternational Desalination Association) 9 ex41 4 313 20003 41 A1 41

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ProcessP # Ff3 @!@St (-2001 E)

8.06%

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Vaoor

, , , , # , , I , , , , \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 11 I f 111111 11 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ + ,,,,,,,,,#,,

bndensate I

- Heated Seawater

- m - m - - b b b b O b O b b b 0

Distillate Condender

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2% 3-2-4 MSF E%€

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MED-TVC . (MULTI EFFECT DISTILLATION-THERMAL VAPOR COMPRESSION)

-- TYPICAL FLOW DIAGRAM

3% 3-2-7 MED-TVC -%ZS . .

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q.’ @Fq (Membrane)%

Cathode I-)

Cation-Transfer Membrano

Demineralized Product

Concentrate

Anion-Ttansfe r Membrane

Cation-Transfer Membrane

_ " I I_ Anode (+)

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(2) q 2% 8 71 Fq % (Electro-dialysis Reversal Process: EDR)

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2 0

3% 3-2-11 Spiral Wound Membrane

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I g 3-2-12 Hollow Fiber Membrane

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eq -$+(Industrial water): %-$$(Potable water): TDS 1,OOO m g / l O 1 8 )

TDS lOmg/l 015)

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(6) Ad %(Performance)

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I B l 3 % $ I MSF I MED-TVC

Largest Plant (per unit) 56,820 m3/day 15,000 m3/day (12.5 mGD) (3.5MIGD)

Feed Water -TDS (ppm) r -Feed treatment -Chemical (mm) 2 ' 4 2 - 4

-TD^ ' , 1 - 2 5 nc - OK Product Water

Below 50,OOO Below 50,000 Anti-scale/foam Anti-scale/foam

90 - 112 deg C

8 - 20

'erformance -Max .operating temp. - P.R

70 deg C

8 - 20 3&M Characteristics - Operationa Attention - Maintenance Attention -Potential for scale

-Potential for corrosion formation

Relative advantages

I Large I- Mid to low -

Close, continual Minimal Medium Average to low Medium Low

Low to medium Low - High quality -High quality

product product - Long history of -Easy & Fast to

operation start-up & shut - Easv owration down

- - L" -&- I-? Principal applications

Relative disadvantages

W

Published

available Use high quality dah are materia,

capacity

available

water

capac1ry

- MP steam is .r seam is railable

ith power

RO 33,182 m3/day 35 MIGD)

Below 50,Ooo Zhloride,acid,polym !ST-

(500 35-50

NA . NA 10

Ambient

NA

High(pretreatment1 Medium Average

Very low

-Fairly simple to operate - Variety of sizes & modules (train)

-Membrane life

-Need extensive limit of 3-51 years

pre-treatment of feed water

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MSF MED Power Back Back

Prime Turbine %me ' Turbine Steam Extraction

Pressure Pressure Steam Extraction

Turbine Turbine Only

330.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 330.0 330.0

100.0 80.0 87.0 59.0 85.0 93.0 87.0

Thermal . PowedMWt) Total Electric PowedMWe)

Water Production (rnWciav)

Net Electric Power(MWe)

0.0 40,000 40,000 140,000 40,000 40,000 77,OOO

100.0 75.0 82.0 44.0 83.0 90.0 83.0

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h 300000 I I

275000 0,

C c 250000 s * 225000 2 200000 s 150000

8 100000

f 175000

E 125000 m

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 PR (kg12326kJ)

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i F m P w r Plant

9.0 bard @sat

2779.7 ILMQ 7.50 kglsec

After Steam Trsnsfamer 8.9 bra

174.9 C 740.6 kvkg 7.50 kglsec

Retum to Power Plant 8.8 bard

169.9 C 174.4 @sat c 710.7 ILMQ 7.50 Wsec

T o T h e r m ~ p e s s a 8.0 bara

2.767.5 kvkg 170.4 C &t+5

5.9 kgsec

~ ; 'v 4 FmCc$eeteRetum

. 69.1 C 289.9, kyke

5.9 Wsec

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- %%!+ 4 w 3 65t - Ad% Bl (Performance ratio) 19.6 kg of distillate/2326 kJ

- 3 Qqi’] 3s $71 g€/%q 176W8.0 b a a - 1st effect4 G719q 0.25 bara

- Maximum Distillate Temperature 40.0 ‘c

- Brine Blowdown Temperature 41.0C

- Maximum Seawater Salinity 40,ooOppm

- 5x7;” AI-Br / Titanium(Top 3 row)

- Frequency of Acid Cleaning 127H % - %%%714 g71W %%I+ ”d-q 0.139 bara

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Steam

r Pre-Treatment MED Desalination c

Potable Water

From Sea 1 I

I Condensate Brine (To Sea) BC

3% 3-4-1 %+%%!!E4 Block Diagram

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I$ 3-4-4 P&I Diagram (1/3)

~ $ 3 - 4 - 5 %++!?@Eq P&I Diagram (2/3)

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ZL$ 3-4-6 %+%?!E P&I Diagram (3/3)

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fE 3-4-1 SMART %+*$$%!!E MED-TVCs;'E3q %!'?!AT!

Parameter Unit Value

Total Dissolved Solids Cooling Seawater Temperature

?- %I? - 2 5 w W

Cooling Water Temperatur

I kg/2326/kJ I 19.6

PPm 4woO

"c 33.0 "c 47.7

"c 9.0

Anti-scalent dosing

Scale Temperature Rise

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X 3-4-2 OSWq X $ ~ T + A4 o +x Sodium 10.561 g/kg

Magnesium . 1.272 g/kg

Calcium 0.400 g/kg

Potassium 0.380 g/kg

Chloride 18.980 g/kg

Sulfate 2.649 g/kg

Hydrogen carbonate 0.142 g/kg

Bromine 0.065 g k g

Total 34.449 g/kg

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Tubes for Effects - Top 3 rows - Other rows

Titanium Al-Brass

0.5t 0.7t

T u b e s for Fin* Titanium . 0.5t Condenser I Tubes for Preheater 1 . Titanium I 0.5t I

Tube plate SS 316L Tube support SS 316L

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Lf. $9 "d-%71(Thennal Vapor Compressor)

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zz % 3-4-9 3 9% 71 (Thennocompressor)

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- +.g+ t$J% g n lxlOo% Horizontal

-4 T 2- S l I i u- 2x100%. Horizontal .

- %++ g g 2x100% Horizontal

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2nd STAGE EJECTOR

1st STAGE EJECTOR

CONDENSER

’ TO 1 s t EFFECT A CONDENSER

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pi. Desuperheater

3 4 3-4-11 Desuperheater Installation Diagram

H). 3lq41 ?%la1 %(Chemical Dosing System)

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TAH

1 ii3 3-4- 13 Seawater Discharge Control

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q. 94s 4 -$- 3-8 (Fail-safe Requirements)

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415%. '$I-941% CHEMISTRY DESIGN GUIDE

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C02 + H20 = (CH20) + 6H20

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(S04)Z- +8e- + 8H+ = S2- + 4H20

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7f. 7H.3.

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Deaerator

Brine Heater Heat Recovery

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S onge ball CPeaning loop

Collector/ Pump

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0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

E€ (OC)

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(HC03)- + H+ = H20 + C02 (CO3)Z- + H+ = H20 + C02

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(HCO-)3 + Ca(OH)2 = CaC03 + H20 + (OH)-

C02 + Ca(OHl2 = CaC03 + H20 (C0212 + Ca(OH12 = CaC03 + 2(OH)-

Mg2+ + Ca(OH12 = Mg(OH)2 + Ca2+

Ca2+ + Na2C03 = CaCO3 + 2Na+

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A. 33$!l (Phosphate) q % 7). .

B. 3 41 01 E41 (Chelate agent) E2 4 4 41 (Sequestering agent)q % 7).

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0 5 2 0 0 5 0 100 150 ' 2 0 0 2 5 0 3 0 0

T i m e , s e c

3% 3-6-2 E j $ 3 A 1 A ) X A 1 q $$q 2 $E %g

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Time (I)

DNBR

ZLg 3-6-3

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580 16

560

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540

12 520

500 10 0 20 60 80 100

40 Tlmr(r)

Primary Coolant Temperature and Pressure

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Time (s) 0 10 D

620 19

18

600 17

580 16

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Time@) 0 10 30 40 50

Primary temperature and pressure

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BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SHEET -~ ~ ~

Performing Org. ' Sponsoring 0%. Report No. Report No.

Stamdard Report No. INIS Subject Code

1 I KAERI/CM-***/2001 G137-DS-D300-00

Changwori Publisher Publication Place

Development of Basic Model for Seawater Desalination System Subtitle

Hong, Soon-Gil/ Senior Vice Resident Desal. Manufacturing and Desigr

Kum-Su Park, In-Sup Song , Jong-Sung Lim, Jong Myong Hong, Byung

3 Project Manager and Department Engineering Researcher and .

Publication Date

DOOSAN 2002.04

Page p. III. & Tab.

Note . I

Size Cm. Yes@), No ( 1

Open(O),. Restricted( 1, Classified - Class Document 1 DOOSAN Performing Organization

Technical Development Report Type

Contract No.

Abstract (15-20 Lines)

The production capacity of the SMART nuclear desalination plant is 40,000 m3 per day. In this report the design concept of the desalination plant for SMART nuclear power plant has been identified and factors which will effect on the performance and cost have been optimized. The SMART desalination dant consists of four (4) MED-TVC(Mu1ti Effect Distillation with Thermal Vapor Compression1 fistillers and the capacity of each distiller is 10,ooOm3 per day. In view of the best utilization of the 2xtracted steam from the steam turbine,. the MED-TVC distiller has been selected as a desalinatior mess. In order to preclude any pollutant transfer from the nuclear power plant, a steam transformei ?as been considered as an isolating mean. The steam transformer generates and provide the heating Stem from the extracted steam. The heating steam is supplied to the thermo compressor of the MEC lesalination plant. The selected desalination process utilizes a thermo compressor to enhance the steam xonomy of the whole power and water plant. The horizontal tube falling film type evaporator has xen selected as the main equipment of the SMART desalination plant. The design life time of the iesalination plant is 30 years, the minimum performance ratio is 19.6 kg of distillate per 2,326 kJ ol jtem consumption. The design interval of the two successive acid cleaning is 12 months. The tor d n e temperature (T.B.T) is 65oC and the design ambient seawater temperature is 33oC. One of the nost important factors in determining the water production cost is the performance ratio. The selected xxformance ration is based on the sensitivity analysis. Also, transient effect due to the interactior xtween the SMART nuclear plant and desalination plant has been assessed. According to the results )f the transient analysis, the transient effects are bounded with the SAFDL and it seems not to have serious negative effects on the safetv

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Seawater Desalination Plant, SMART, MED-TVC, Steam Transformer, I Subject Keywords (About 10 words)

Thermocompressor, Performance Ratio, Basic Design

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