Development in finishing power point

Nov. 15,2002 I I T Delhi 1

DEVELOPMENTS IN ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY

FINISHES FOR COTTON FABRICS AND GARMENTS

R.B.ChavanDept. of Textile Technology,

Indian Institute of Technology,Hauz-Khas, New Delhi 110016


PRESENT CONCEPTPOLLUTERS MUST PAY

CRADLE TO GRAVE WOMB TO TOMB NOT ONLY FINAL PRODUCT BE ECO FRIENDLY RAW MATERIALS, PRODUCTION PROCESSES,

PACKAGING, ECO FRENDLY EVEN AFTER DIPOSAL MEET EMS 14000 AND SAS 1800 STANDARDS ECO FRIENDLY PRODUCTS INDENTIFIED BY ECO

LABLES GREEN MINDED CONSUMER PREFER ECO PRODUCTS

EVEN AT HIGH COST


COTTON DOMINATES

READILY AVAILABLE AFFORDABLE PRICE HYDROPHILIC COMFORTABLE IN TROPICAL

CLIMATE BEING NATURAL ECO FRIENDLY


CONVENTIONAL COTTON CONVENTIONAL COTTON IS NOT ECO

FRIENDLY USE OF FERTILIZERS, PESTICIDES AND

VARIOUS CROPS RELATED CHEMICALS DURING COTTON CULTIVATION.

PRESENCE OF THESE CHEMICALS AS RESIDUE ON COTTON BOLLS

WASHED AWAY DURING PREPARATORY PROCESSES

WATER POLLUTION


COTTON CULTIVATED WITHOUT USING FERTILIZERS PESTICIDES AND OTHER CHEMICALS (ORGANIC FARMING)

RESIDUE OF THESE CHEMICALS REMOVED DURING FIRST TWO SEASONS OF CULTIVATION

COTTON FROM THIRD SEASON ONWARDS IS ECO FRIENDLY COTTON

INDENTIFIED BY LOGOS ORGANIC COTTON GREEN COTTON NATURAL COTTON

ECO FRIENDLY COTTON


NATURALLY COLOURED COTTON CULTIVATION SINCE ANCIENT TIME PISTA GREEN, BROWN ARE POPULAR

COLOURS NOT POPULAR ON COMMERCIAL SCALE LOW STAPLE LENGTH INFERIOR STRENGTH POOR SPINABILITY REVIVAL OF NATURALLY COLOUR COTTON

CULTIVATION NOT TO BE DYED ELIMINATE POLLUTION CAUSED DURING

DYEING


FINISHING TEATMENTS HELP TO

MAKE CONSUMER SALEABLE

PRODUCT

VALUE ADDITION

IMPART DESIRABLE PROPERTIES

ECO FRIENDLY FUNCTIONAL FINISHES


IMPORTANT FINISHES FOR COTTON EASY CARE/DURABLE

PRESS/WRINKLE FREE FINISHING SOFTENING ENZYME/BIO FINISHING WATER PROOF BREATHABLE

FINISHING SOIL RELEASE AND STAIN RELEASE

FINISHES ANTI MICROBIAL FINISHES UV PROTECTION EMERGING FINISHES


EASY CARE/WRINKLE FREE FINISHING

CREASING/WRINKLE FORMATION DURING USE AND ON WASHING OF COTTON GARMENTS

AFTER WASH MAINTENANCE EXPENSIVE

TREATMENT WITH CROSS LINKING AGENT TRADITIONALLY KNOWN AS RESIN FINSHING IMPART CREASE RESISTANT PROPERTY LOSS IN STRENGTH


FABRIC FINISHING PRE CURE POST CURE

GARMENT FINSIHING DIP OR TUMBLE PROCESSES

PROCESS ROUTE


PRE CURE PROCESS

PAD DRY CURE

· MOST POPULAR PROCESS FOR FABRIC FINISHING

· UNIFORM DISTRUBUTION OF CHEMICALS

· BETTER PROCESS CONTROL

· CARRIED OUT AT MILL LEVEL


POST CURE PROCESS

PAD DRY AT MILL LEVEL• SENSITIZED FABRIC• TRANSPORT TO GARMENT UNIT• GARMENT MAKING

• PRESSING TO SET CREASES AT

DESIRED PLACES• CURE


STEPS

PAD (60-70% PICK UP)

DRY AT 70oC, 8-10% MOISTURE

CONTENT

SANFORIZE (NO MOISTURE SPRAY)

GARMENT MAKING

GARMENT PRESSING

GARMENT CURING 150-160 oC


PRECAUTIONS

PRE FINISHING STAGE GOOD ABSORBANCY (<3sec)

FREE FROM SIZE

HIGH TENSILE AND TEAR STRENGTH

SUFFICIENT TO REMAIN ACCEPTABLE EVEN AFTER

50% LOSS ON FINISHING

USE MERCERIZED COTTON

ADEQUATE DYE FASTNESS

FREE FROM SOFTENER BEFORE FINISHING


PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID PRE MATURED CROSS

LINKING• CAREFUL STORAGE OF SENSITIZED

• FABRIC, SHIPMENT BY AIR

• MANY STORE UNDER

REFRIGERATION

• SHOULD NOT BE STORED MORE

THAN 3 MONTHS


FINISHING IN GARMENT FORM

MERITS PERMANENT CREASE SETING AT

DESIRED PLACES NO RISK OF PRE MATURED CROSS

LINKING GARMENT SEAM PUCKERING

MINIMIZED


POINTS TO BE CONSIDERED

CAREFUL SELECTION OF SEWING THREAD, BUTTON, ZIPS STABLE TO BATH CHEMICALS, HEAT FINISHING IN GARMENT FORM OFFERS

ONLY ONE CHANCE ANY THING WRONG CAN NOT BE

RECTIFIED RESIN STRIPPING AND

REPROCESSING CAUSES MORE DAMAGE


GARMENT FINISHING METHODS

DIP PROCESS

TUMBLE PROCESS


DIP PROCESS DIP GARMENT IN FINISH BATH (INSIDE OUT,

M:L :: 1:5) WASHING MACHINE MAY BE USED ROTATE FOR 20 min. HYDROEXTRACT (70-80% PICK UP) TUMBLE DRY AT 70oc, MOISTURE CONTENT

10-12% TURN THE GARMENT RIGHT SIDE OUT IRO/STEAM PRESS TO SET CREASES AT

DESIRED PLACES CURE AT 150 oc – 160 oc for 8-10 min EXTRACTED SOLUTION MAY BE REUSED


TUMBLE METHOD PLACE GARMENTS (INSIDE OUT) IN WASHING

MACHINE DRUM SATURATE WITH FINISH BATH BY SPRAY

APPLICATION ROTATE DRUM FOR 20 min TAKE CARE TO AVOID EXCESSIVE DRIPPING

OF CHEMICALS FROM GARMENT IF DRY SPOT, RESATURATE, TUMBLE FOR

ADDITIONAL TIME HYDROEXTRACT OTHER STEPS SAME AS EARLIER PROCESS


IMPORTANT FEATURESM:L:: 1:0.85 –1:1TUMBLE ROTATION SPEED 28-30

rpmTUMBLE DRYING TEMP. SHOULD

NOT EXCEED 70 ocMOISTURE RETENTION AFTER

DRYING 10-12%, IF LESS RESATURATE AND DRYLOAD SIZE 50 Kg.


CHEMICALS USEDCROSS LINKING AGENT

LOW FORMALDEHYDE DMDHEU EXTRNAL OR BUILT IN CATALYST SYSTEM AND BUFFER CATALYST MOST COMMON MgCl2 , CITRIC ACID

WETTING AGENT HIGH DENSITY PE EMULSION IMPART HAND IMPROVE TEAR STRENGTH, ABRASION RESISTANCE

AMINO OR REACTIVE SILICONE IMPART SOFT HAND IMPROVE WRINKLE RECOVERY

SILICONE ELASTOMER IMPART SPRINGINESS IMPROVE STRENGTH

ACRYLATES IMPROVE SOIL RELEASE


TYPICAL APPLICATION RECIPE

CROSS LINKING AGENT 40-120 g/l

MgCl2 10-25 g/l

CITRIC ACID 0.3 g/l

SOFTENER (COMBINATION) 40 g/l

WETTING AGENT 1 g/l

pH 4-4.5


FINISHING STAGE

AFTER DRYING RESIDUAL MOISTURE CONTENT SHOULD

NOT BE < 10%.

LOW MOISTURE GIVES HIGH DRY CRA, LOSS IN STRENGTH

GOOD WET CRA WHEN MOISTURE AFTER DRYING IS HIGH

SULPHUR DYED GARMENT SHOULD BE AVOIDED,

LIBERATE ACID, PREMATURE RESIN CURING, LOSS IN

STRENGTH

1-2% UREA ADDITION IN FINISH BATH CONTROLS

FORMALDEHYDE RELEASE

UREA REDUCES EFFICIENCY OF FINISH BATH, TAKE 10%

EXTRA RESIN


STONE WASH AND OTHER FINISHES

ARE GIVEN BEFORE WRINKLE FREE

FINISH

USE LOWER (I50oc) FOR WHITE GARMENTS

TO AVOID YELLOWING

POCKETS,BELT,LOOPS,LABLES,

SEWINGTHREAD,BUTTONS,ZIPPERS

SHOULD BE RESISTANT TO FINISH BATH

CHEMICALS AND CURING HEAT

GARMENT STAGE


QUALITY CONTROL

PHYSICAL TESTS DRY AND WET CRA

SMOOTH APPEARANCE RATING

%RESIN ADD-ON

TENSILE STRENGTH

ABRASION RESISTANCE

DIMENSIONAL STBILITY


CHEMICAL TESTCuen TEST (1N CUPRIETHYLENE DIAMINE

HYDROXIDE)

PULL FIBRES FROM YARN OF THE FINISHED

GARMENT (FROM THE BACKSIDE)

· PUT ON MICROSCOPIC SLIDE

· PUT 1-2 DROPS OF Cuen SOLUTION

PUT COVER SLIDE

· OBSERVE AFTER 15 min UNDER MICROSCOPE

· RATING 3-4 IS ACEPTABLE

· RATING < 3 FAILS, LOW CROSSLINKS

RATING > 4 FAILS, HEAVY STRENGTH LOSS


SWELLING RATING MEANING NONE 5 FULLYCROSS

LINKED SLIGHT OR NONE 4 GOOD CROSS

LINKED MODERATE 3 MODERATE

CROSS LINKED MODERATE TO 2 PRTIALLY CROSS

LINKED HEAVY HEAVY, RAPID 1 LOW CROSS LINKED RAPID AND 0 NO CROSS LINKED DISSOLVES


ECO FRIENDLY CROSS LINKING AGENTS MOST POPULAR CROSS LINKING AGENTS LOW FORMALDEHYDE (DMDHEU) OR ETHERIFIED

(DMeDHEU) EFFICIENT AND COST EFFECTIVE RELEASE OF FORMALDEHYDE DURING DRYING AND CURING, GARMENT STORAGE AND USE WORLD WIDE CONCERN BECAUSE OF IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH ENVIRONMENT KNOWN TO BE CARCINOGENIC AND

DERMATITIS EFFECTS ACCEPTABLE FORMALDEHYDE LEVEL 20 ppm


CONTROL OF FORMALDEHYDE RELEASE FROM

DMDHEU

WASH AFTER FINISH

ADDITION OF FORMALDEHYDE

ACCEPTOR/SCAVENGER LIKE UREA

MODIFICATION OF DMDHEU TO

PRODUCE ZERO FORMALDEHYDE

ETHERIFIED PRODUCT

ETHERIFIED DMDHEU IS MORE

EXPENSIVE AND LESS EFFECTIVE


POLYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS (PCAs)

WELCH IN 1998 REPORTED THE USE

OF BTCA FOR CROSS LINKING OF

COTTON

CATALYST SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE

GOOD CRA

GOOD STRENGTH RETENTION

DURABLE TO WASHING

EXCEEDINGLY HIGH COST PREVENTED

COMMERCIALIZATION


CITRIC ACID

LOW PRICED TRICABOXYLIC ACID

LESS EFFECTIVE, LESS DURABLE

COMPARED TO BTCA

YELLOWING ON CURING


MECHANISM OF PCA CROSS LINKING DMDHEU FORMS ETHER BONDS WITH COTTON PCA FORMS ESTER BONDS ESTERIFICATION IN TWO STEPS

STEP 1 DEHYDRATION OF TWO ADJACENT COOH GROUPS FORMATION OF ANHYDRIDE UNDER CURING CONDITIONS

STEP 2 ESTERIFICATION WITH CELLULOSE REACTION ACCELERATED IN PRESENCE OF ALKALI METAL SALTS

OF PHOSPHORUS SODIUM HYPOPHOSPHITE MONO HYDRIDE (NaH2PO 2.H2O) MOST

SATISFACORY CATALYST ACCELERATE THE RATE OF ANHYDRIDE FORMATION

AND CROSS LINKING


OTHER CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

PCA OTHER THAN BTCA SUITABLE

GIVE CRA IN THE RANGE OF 285

DP RATING 4.3 - 4.7

VARIATION IN DURABILITY TO ALKALINE

WASHING

ORDER OF DURABILITY -

BTCA>CA>MALEIC ACID>SUCCINIC ACID


DEMERITS OF PCA FINISH PHOSPHATE CATALYSTS NON ECO FRIENDLY

MOST EFFECTIVE IS SODIUM HYPO PHOSPHITE

EXPENSIVE

REDUCING AGENT

AFFECT SULPHUR AND REACTIVE DYES

CONSUME LARGE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN FROM WATER

INFLUENCE AQUATIC LIFE

RECENT ATTEMPTS TO USE TRI SODIUM CITRATE OR COMBINATION OF SODIUM OXALATE AND SODIUM FORMATE

SAFE TO SULPHUR AND REACTIVE DYES

SAFE TO AQUATIC LIFE


COST OF BTCA HIGH COST OF BTCA

WAYS TO REDUCE COST SOPHISTICATED MANUFACTURE

PROCESS USE BTCA PASTE FORM WITHOUT

PURIFICATION FINISHING COST MAY BE REDUCED BY

MIXING OTHER PCAs TEA MAY BE USED TO REDUCE

FINISHING COST AND IMPROVE FABRIC STRENGTH


YELLOWING EFFECT OF CA

UNDER CURING CONDITIONS

PRODUCTS FORMED ARE

TRANS ACONITIC ACID, ITACONIC

ACID, CITRACONIC ACID

YELLOW IN COLOUR


MINIMIZATION OF YELLOWING INCORPORATE TEA, N,N BIS

HYDROXYETHYL GLYCINE, BORIC ACID OR

PEG

TEA IS MOST EFFECTIVE TO SUPPRESS

YELLOWING

OH IN TEA REACT WITH OH IN CA

PREVENT CA TO DECOMPOSE TO

UNSATURATED ACIDS UNDER CURING

FORMATION OF ACIDS RESPONSIBLE FOR

YELLOWING PREVENTED


POOR WASH FASTNESS OF FINISH PRESENCE OF OH IN CA REDUCES THE

STABILITY OF ESTER BOND WITH CELLULOSE DURING ALKALINE WASH

WAY OUT MODIFY OH IN CA

INCORPORATE POLY MALEIC ACID (PMA) IN

FINISH BATH

-COOH OF PMA REACTS WITH OH OF CA

BLOCKS OH GROUP IN CA

ENHANCE WASH FASTNESS OF FINISH


SUMMARY OF PCA FINISH HIGH COST

NON ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY CATALYST

YELLOWING

THESE PROBLEMS ARE UNDER INVESTIGATION

SOME HAVE BEEN SATISFACTORILY SOLVED

IN NEAR FUTURE PCA WOULD REPLACE CONVENTIONAL

DMDHEU BASED CROSS LINKING AGENTS

RECENT APPROACH IS TO USE

COMBINATION OF HOMOPOLYMER OF PMA AND TER

POLYMER OF MALEIC ACID, ACRYLIC ACID AND VINYL

ALCOHOL

FINISH EQUIVALENT TO DMDHEU


SOFTENERSSILICONE SOFTENERS

CLASSIFICATION

NON REACTIVE

REACTIVE

ORGANO FUNCTIONAL NON REACTIVE

BASED ON POLY DIMETHYL SILOXANES (PDMS)

SOFTENING EFFECT NOT DURABLE DUE TO

ABSENCE OF REACTIVE GROUPS


SILICONE SOFTENERSREACTIVE SILICONES

PDMS POLYMER MODIFIED WITH SILANE H OR

SILANOL FUNCTIONAL GROUP

BETTER DURABILITY

ORGANO FUNCTIONAL SILLICONES ORGANO FUNCTIONAL REACTIVE GROUPS

INTRODUCED IN PDMS (AMINE, EPOXIDE, CARBOXY etc)

IMPROVE ORIENTATION AND SUBSTANTIVITY ON FIBRE

VERY SOFT FINISH (SUPER SOFT)


ECO FRIENDLINESS PDMS PRESENT IN EFFLUENT IN THE FORM OF TINY

DISPERSED DROPLETS ATTACH TO SUSPENDED SOLIDS BEING WATER INSOLUBLE AND NON VOLATILE BECOME

MINOR PART OF SLUDGE

IF SLUDGE IS INCINERATED, SILICONE GETS CONVERTED TO SILICA,

WATER AND CO2 AS LAND FILL, INTRODUCE PDMS IN SOIL NATURALLY GETS DEGRADED THOUGH PDMS ARE HIGHLY RESISTANT TO BIO

DEGRADATION SOIL CONTACT BREAK DOWN TO LOW MOLECULAR

WEIGHT PRODUCTS DECOPOSITION PRODUCTS ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO

BIOLOGICAL DECOMPOSITION EVENTUALLY TO NATURAL SILICA.


EFFECTS PDMS IS ECOLOGYCALLY INERT NO EFFECT ON AEROBIC OR ANAEROBIC

BACTERIA DOES NOT INHIBIT BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

DURING WASTE WATER TREATMENT NO ADVERSE EFFET ON SEED

GERMINATION OR PLANT SURVIVAL DO NOT BIO CONCENTRATE IN AQUATIC LIFE NO ADVERSE EFFECT ON AQUATIC LIFE AND

ANIMAL LIFE NO SIGNIFICANT BOD NO THREAT TO INSECT POPULATION AND BIRDS


WATER RESISTANT BREATHABLE FINISH

IMPERMEABLE TO WATER DROPLET ALLOW THE ESCAPE OF WATER VAPOUR POSSIBLE TO ACHIEVE BECAUSE OF SIZE DIFFERENCE LIQUID WATER MOLECULAR SIZE 100 MICRONS DIAMETER WATER VAPOUR MOLECULAR SIZE 0.0004 MICRONS SIZE DIFFERENCE FACTOR 2,50,000 SUCH GARMENTS DESIGNED FOR SPORTS WEAR SKI WEAR TRACK SUITS RAIN WEAR MOUNTENEERING CLOTHING


CLASSIFICATION OF BREATHABLE FABRICS

HIGH DENSITY WOVEN FABRICS

LAMINATED FABRICS

COATED FABRICS


HIGH DENSITY WOVEN FABRICS OBTAINED BY DENSLY WEAVING FINE

SMOOTH MICRO FIBRE YARNS WIND PROOF EXCELLENT WATER VAPOUR PERMEABILITY NOT WATER RESISTANT EVEN AFTER

FINISHING USED FOR HIGH FASHION SKI CLOTHING WHERE

WIND PROOFING AND WATER VAPOUR PERMEABILITY ARE IMPORTANT

USED AS OUTER COVER GARMENT AS WIND CHEATER


LAMINATED FABRICS ROTORY SCREEN OR SPRAY COATING OF FABRIC

WITH BREATHABLE ADHESIVE LAMINATION OF MICRO POROUS BREATHABLE

BARRIER FILM LIKE PTFE BREATHABLE FILMS ARE MADE THROUGH BIAXIAL STRETCHING MECHANICAL FIBRILATION CLAIM OF 9 BILLION MICRO PORES PER SQUARE

INCH WITH A MAXIMUM PORE SIZE OF 0.2 MICRON SUCH PTFE MEMBRANES ARE USED IN GORETEX

TWO AND THREE LAYER LAMINATES OF POLYESTER FABRIC


COATED FABRICS

IMPORTANT TECHNIQUES

SOLVENT EXCHANGE

PHASE SEPARATION


SOLVENT EXCHANGE DISSOLVE POLYMER IN WATER MISCIBLE

SOLVENT

THIN COATING ON TO FABRIC

DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO POROUS

STRUCTURE BY PASSAGE THROUGH

AQUEOUS POLYMER COAGULATION BATH

EXAMPLE POLYMER: POLYURETHANE

SOLVENT: DMF


PHASE SEPARATIONDISSOLUTION OF COATING POLYMER IN A MIXTURE OF

SOLVENT AND HIGH BOILING POINT NON SOLVENT MIXTURE COAT THE POLYMER, DRY EVAPORATION OF SOLVENT DURING DRYING NON SOLVENT STILL PRESENT PRECIPITATION OF POLYMER AS MICRO POROUS

LAYER

UCE COAT 2000 (UCB SPECIALITY CHEMICALS) POLY URETHANE COATING SOLVENT: LOW BOILING METHYL ETHYLE KETONE NON SOLVENT: HIGH BOILING PEG HIGHLY MICRO POROUS COATING ON DRYING REMOVAL OF PEG ON SUBSEQUENT WASHING.


BIO FINISHING

APPLICATION OF CELLULASE ENZYMES FOR

FINISHING OF CELLULOSIC FABRICS AND

GARMENTS

CONCEPT DEVELOPED IN 1980’S

PRESENT MAJOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

WASH DOWN OR WORN OUT LOOK (STONE WASH)

ON INDIGO DYED DENIM

PROCESS KNOWN AS BIOSTONING


MECHANISM CELLULASE CONSISTS OF THREE ENZYMES

WORKING TOGETHER SYNERGISTICALLY

1. ENDOGLUCONASES OR ENDO CELLULASE : HYDROLYSE CELLULOSE RANDOMNLY

2. CELLOBIOHYDROLASE OR EXO CELLULASE: ATTACK CHAIN ENDS AND PRODUCE CELLOBUOSE

3. B-(1,4)-GLUCOSIDASE: HYDROLYZE CELLOBIOSE AND SMALL CHAIN OLIGOMERS TO GLUCOSE


ENZYME TYPES

1. ACID STABLE (pH 4.5-5.5)

2. NEUTRAL (pH 6.5-7)

3. ALKALI STABLE (pH 9-10)

TEMPERATURE RANGE 40-60oC


BIO POLISHING• TREATMENT WITH CELLULASE ENZYM

• PARTIAL SURFACE HYDROLYSIS OF CELLULOSE

• WEIGHT LOSS 3-5%

• STRENGTH LOSS 2-7%

• MERCERIZATION ENHANCES THE RATE OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS

• MOST POPULAR FOR BIOSTONING OF INDIGO DYED GARMENTS

• ELIMINATES OR DEVREASES QUANTITY OF PUMICE STONES THAT CAUSE DAMAGE TO MACHINE

• AVOIDS OCCURRENCE OF PUMICE DUST IN ENVIRONMENT AND IN GARMENT CREATING HARSH HANDLE

• NEUTRAL CELLULSES ARE PREFERRED FOR BIOSTONING.


ANTI MICROBIAL FINISH

CLOTHING AND TEXTILE MATERIALS ARE CARRRIERS OF ORGANISMS SUCH AS

PATHOGENIC BACTERIA ODOUR GENERATING BACTERIA FUNGI GROWING CONCERN ALL OVER THE WORLD ON THE

DANGERS OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION RECENT OUT BREAK OF DISEASES LIKE AIDS, HEPATITIS B

HAVE INCREASED THE AWARENESS OF THESE HEALTH HAZARDS AND NEED FOR PROTECTION

NECESSARY TO IMPART ANTI MICROBIAL FINISH TO FABRIC OR GARMENT


SURGICAL APPARELS A SURGICAL PATIENT IS AT GREAT RISK AS THE

BACTERIAL AND VIRAL DESEASES ARE SPREAD

THROUGH AIR AND BLOOD

ANTI MICROBIAL FINISHED FABRIC PREVENT THE

GROWTH DISEASE CAUSING MICROBES

ANTI MICROBIAL TREATMENT TO SURGICAL

APPARELS IS ESSENTIAL

FOR THE PROTECTION OF PATIENT, DOCTOR AND

NURSE


UNDER GARMENTS AND BABY CLOTHING

ANTI MICROBIAL UNDER GARMENTS ARE

USEFUL TO PREVENT SKIN RELATED

DISEASES, URINARY TRACK INFECTION

SINCE INTERNAL INTAKE OF ANTI BIOTIC

FOR INFANT IS NOT DESIRABLE

PROTECTIVE ACTION MAY BE ACHIEVED

THROUGH ANTI BACTERIAL CLOTHING


REQUIREMENTS OF ANTI BACTERIAL FINISH

DURABILITY TO MULTIPLE LAUNDERING AND DRY

CLEANING

NO TOXIC EFFECT ON WEARER

ACCEPTABLE MOISTURE TRANSFER

PROPERTIES (BREATHABILITY)

COMPATIBILITY WITH AUXILIARIES AND OTHER

FINISHING CHEMICALS

READY AVAILABILITY AT REASONABLE PRICE

SHOULD NOT AFFECT FASTNESS PROPERTIES OF

DYES


PROTECTION MECHANISM CONTROLLED RELEASE

THE ANTI BACTERIAL AGENT IS RELEASED FROM FINISHED FABRIC AT A RATE SUFFICIENT TO KILL OR INHIBIT THE GROWTH OF BACTERIA

REGENERATION MODEL

SUBJECTING THE CONTAMINATED FABRIC TO AGENCY THAT WOULD DESTROY THE BACTERIA. e.g.

ADDITION OF BLEACHING AGENT DURING LAUNDERING

EXPOSURE TO UV LIGHT


PROTECTION MECHANISM BARRIER OR BLOCKING

INSERTION OF PHYSICAL BARRIER FILM OR

COATING WHICH IS IMPERVIOUS TO

TRANSMISSION OF MICRO ORGANISMS

THROUGH FABRIC

FILM OR COATING THAT HAVE DIRECT

SURFACE CONTACT ACTIVITY AGAINST

BACTERIAL GROWTH


FINISHING TECHNIQUES PAD-DRY-CURE

APPLICATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT ALONG

WITH CROSS LINKING AGENT SUCH AS

VARIOUS TRADE PRODUCTS

CHITOSAN AND CITRIC ACID

POLY(HEXAMETHYLENE HYDROCHLORIDE)

PHMB

METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TULSI LEAVES


FINISHING TECHNIQUES

GRAFTING

GRAFTING OF POLY-(2-METHYL-5-VINYL PYRIDINE)

ONTO CELLULOSE

IMMERSION IN AQUEOUS KI SOLUTION

MATERIAL SLOWLY RELEASES IODINE TO IMPART

ANTI BACTERIAL AND ANTI FUNGAL ACTIVITY

USED AS SURGICAL DRESSING


FINISHING TECHNIQUES

BARRIER COATING COATING OF DOW CORNING 5700 (3-TRI

METHOXY SILYL PROPYL DIMETHYL

OCTADECYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE)

ORGANO SILICONE POLYMER

THE FINISH IS EFFECTIVE IN INHIBITING THE

GROWTH OF ODOUR CAUSING BACTERIA

STABLE TO 40 WASHES


SOIL AND STAIN RELEASE FINISHES

IMPORTANT FOR LEISURE WEAR AND

SPORTS WEAR WHERE SOILING IS MORE

IMPORTANT FOR EASY CARE FINISHED

GARMENTS

MAJORITY OF SOIL RELEASE FINISHES

ARE BASED ON

MAKING FIBRE SURFACE HYDROPHILIC


SOIL AND STAIN RELEASE FINISHES

THREE MAJOR GROUP OF FINISHES CONTAINING

-COOH GROUPS

OXYETHYLENE O/OR HYDROXYL GROUPS

FINISHES CONTAINING –COOH, OXYETHYLENE, -OH GROUPS

MAY BE INCORPORATED IN THE EASY CARE FINISH BATH

IMPROVE SOIL AND OIL STAIN RELEASE DRAMATICALLY

FLURO CHEMICALS

PROVIDE GOOD SOIL, STAIN RELEASE AND WATER

REPELLENCY


EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

TRADITIONAL FINISH APPLICATION PADDING LOW WET PICK UP TECHNIQUES LIKE LICK ROLL POROUS BOWL VACUUM EXTRACTION FOAM APPLICTION

ALTERNATE METHODS LAMINATION COATING


EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES

NEXTEC PROCESS· PATENTED BY NEXTEC APPLICATIONS Inc., USA

· NOVEL PROCESS

· INDIVIDUAL FIBRES WITHIN FABRIC ARE ENCAPSULATED OR WRAPPED WITH ULTRA THIN FILM OF POLYMER

· CAN BE USED TO IMPART BREATHABLE WATER RESISTANT FINISH TO FABRIC WITHOUT

AFFECTING THE FABRIC HANDLE

· ALSO POSSIBLE TO IMPART

· WRINKLE RESISTANCE,

· SOIL RELEASE, STAIN RESISTANCE,

· UV PROTECTION

· FLAME RESISTANCE

· MICROBIAL BARRIER


NEXTEC PROCESS

THIS UNIQUE FIBRE ENCAPSULATION PROCESS ACHIEVED USING

SILICONE BASED POLYMERS POLYURETHANE POLYACRYLIC POLYMERS

THE PROCESS WOULD OPEN UP MANY

OPPORTUNITIES FOR PROVIDING MULTI

FUNCTIONAL FINISHES TO COTTON FABRICS

AND GARMENTS


PLASMA TREATMENT

TREATMENT WITH IONIZED GASES PRODUCED BY ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE· HIGHLY SURFACE SPECIFIC · DOES NOT AFFECT BULK PROPERTIED

THE SURFACE PROPERTIES ENHANCED INCLUDE· WETTABILITY· ADHESION· CROSS LINKING· BIO COMPATIBILITY· CHEMICAL AFFINITY OR INERTNESS


MERITS

· LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION

· DRY TREATMENT

· ENVIRONMENT FRIEDNDLY

· OFFER SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT IN

FUNCTIONAL

FINISHES FOR COTTON


USE OF BIO TECHNOLOGY

BY THE NEXT DECADE GENETIC

MANIPULATION OF COTTON GENE MAY

USHER NEW COTTON VARIETIES WITH

IPROVED PROPERTIES TO PRODUCE

INNOVATIVE EFFECTS THROUGH

FINSHING


UV PROTECTION· INCREASED HEALTH PROBLEMS ON

EXPOSURE OF SKIN TO UV

RADIATIONS DUE DEPLETION OF

OZONE LAYER

· UV PROTECTION CAN BE IMPARTED

BYTREATMENT OF FABRICS OR

GARMENTS WITH SELECTED

UV ABSORBERS


CONCLUSIONS· DESIRABLE PROPERTIES CAN BE IMPARTED TO COTTON BY APPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL

FINISHES

· IMPROVE QUALITY OF COTTON

· GIVE VALUE ADDITION

· MANY INNOVATIVE IDEAS ARE BEING EXPLORED IN THE FIELD OF FUNCTIONAL FINISHES

· IN THE NEXT DECADE QUITE A FEW NEW CONCEPTS MAY BE INTRODUCE FOR

IMPARTING DESIRABLE PROPERTIES TO COTTON FABRIC AND GARMENTS.

Development in finishing power point

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