Yongjoo Kim Senior Researcher Highway Pavement Research Division Korea Institute of Construction Technology Development and Application of Polymer- Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology Customized for Mongolia Road Condition 2 nd International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference March 21-22, 2014., Buyant-Ukhaa Sport’s Palace
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Development and Application of Polymer-Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology Customized for Mongolia Road Condition
Development and Application of Polymer-Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology Customized for Mongolia Road Condition
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Yongjoo Kim Senior Researcher
Highway Pavement Research DivisionKorea Institute of Construction Technology
Development and Application of Polymer-Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology Cus-
Pavement Conditions in MongoliaPavement Conditions in Mongolia
Field Applications of PWAM Customized for Mongolian Road Condition
Development of PWAM Customized for Mongolian Road ConditionDevelopment of PWAM Customized for Mongolian Road Condition
Conclusions
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KICT Activity in Mongolia
KICT is collaborating with MRT, MRA, UB, ESTO to contribute to improve Mongolian road condition
MOU Technical Sup-port Training
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1st International Mongolia Road Expo & Conference
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Key Factors of Building Good Asphalt Pavement
If anyone wants to build good pavement, you should consider the following four key factors.
Material Selec-tion Mix Design Production Construction
High quality and consistent materi-als should be se-lected based on the standard specifica-tion.
Bitumen & Aggregate
Paving and compact-ing process should be proceed with proper temperature.
Mixing and produc-ing temperatures should be controlled accurately at as-phalt plant.
Design Aggregate Structure
Design Binder Content
Laboratory mix de-sign and perfor-mance tests should be conducted at well equipped labo-ratory.
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Causes of Early Failures in Mongolian Road
1. Traffic Loading
Base and Subbase
2. Environment Loading
3. Inappropriate Materials 4. No Quality Control of Pavement Construction
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Ulaanbaatar City Road
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Stripping
Construction Joint
Thermal Crack
Surface Layer
Base Layer
Crushed Aggregate
Intermediate Layer
Base Layer
Crushed Aggregate
Surface Layer
18cm
4cm
3cm
5cm
6cm
15cm
30cm
Mongolia Korea
Too thin asphalt layer leads to create crack faster and other distress
Bad Smoothness
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South Gobi Road
Heavy Traffic
No QA/QC
Cold Weather
Early Failure after1 year Service Life
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Polymer-Modified Asphalt
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Polymer-modified asphalt coats aggregates to en-hance adhesion
AggregateAggregate
Asphalt Polymer
+ +
Aggregate
Polymer-Modified Asphalt Mixture
=
Polymer-Modified Asphalt
Polymer
Asphalt
Polymer-modified asphalt is a composition of bitumen and polymer
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Polymer-Modified Asphalt Covers Wide Range of Tem-perature
0 10 20 30 40 50 60-10-20-30-40 70 80
PG 58-28
PG 70-34
Unmodified Bitumen
Polymer-Modified Asphalt
This is the benefit of the Polymer
Temperature ºC
-50
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Roles of Polymer-Modified Asphalt Pavement
Plastic Deformation (Rutting)
Low Temperature Crack-ing Heavy Traffic Condition Cold Weather Condition
PMA Pavement leads to
Increasing pavement life
1) Improve rutting resistance
2) Reduce fatigue cracking
3) Mitigate thermal cracking
4) Resist top-down cracking
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Considerations of Using Polymer-Modified Asphalt Mixture
Warm-mix asphalt technology can reduce producing and compacting temperature of polymer-modified asphalt mix-ture to maintain its workabil-ity and compactability
Polymer-Modified Asphalt Polymer-Modified Asphalt (PMA) mixture should be produced at 170˚C to 190˚C and compacted at 140˚C to 160˚C be-cause of maintaining mixture’s workabil-ity and compactability.※ If appropriate temperatures are not
achieved, well coating aggregate and required field density are not guaran-teed
Polymer-Modified Asphalt
Unmodified As-phalt
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Warm-Mix Asphalt Technology
180°C
160°C
140°C
120°C
100°C
80°C
WMA technology allows the mixing, paving, and compaction of asphalt mixes at significantly lower temperatures (30˚C) than conventional HMA
Polymer-Modified WMA Pavement Successfully Debut in Mongolia in 2012
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Field Application of PWMA Pavement in Mongo-lia
2012 2013
UKHAA KHUDAG –GASHUUN SUKHAIT
South Gobi Road
Ulaanbaatar City Road
Ulaanbaatar City Road
Project Site
Project Site
Project Site
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Mix Design Results and Cross Section
UlaanbaatarSouth Gobi
OAC(%) Air Void(%)
HMA(Unmodified asphalt)
5.2 4.3
WMA (LEADCAP) 5.2 4.0
PWMA 5.4 3.8
OAC(%) Air Void(%)
HMA(Unmodified asphalt)
5.2 4.3
PWMA-1 5.2 4.0
PWMA-2 5.4 3.8
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Field Trials of PWMA Pavement in South Gobi Road in 2012
HMA PWMA-1 PWMA-2
Gmm (g/㎤ ) 2.505 2.492 2.499
Core Density (g/㎤ ) 2.267 2.295 2.305
Air Voids (%) 9.5 7.9 7.8
Condition Information
Weather Condition 2012.09 (Fall)
Mix Type 19mm Dense-Graded Asphalt
Additive Type-1 PWMA -1
Additive Type-2 PWMA-2
Mixing Type with LEADCAP Plant-mixed
Mixing Temp. 150±5˚C (PWMA-1)155±5˚C (PWMA-2)
Compaction Temp. 140±5˚C (PWMA-1)145±5˚C (PWMA-2)
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Field Trials of PWMA Pavement in Ulaanbaatar City Road in 2012
Condition Information
Weather Condition 2012.09 (Fall)
Mix Type 13mm Dense-Graded Asphalt
Additive Type-1 WMA(LEADCAP)
Additive Type-2 PWMA(PMA+LEADCAP)
Mixing Type Plant-mixed
Mixing Temperature 140±5˚C (WMA)150±5˚C (PWMA)
Compaction Tempera-ture
130±5˚C (WMA)140±5˚C (PWMA)
HMA WMA WMA PMA
Gmm (g/㎤ ) 2.388 2.443 2.437
Core Density (g/
㎤ )2.344 2.341 2.382
Air Voids (%) 1.8 4.1 2.5
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Field Trials of PWMA Pavement in Ulaanbaatar City Road in 2013
Condition Information
Weather Condition 2013.09 (Fall)
Mix Type 13mm Dense-Graded Asphalt
Additive Type-2 PWMA(STE-M3)
Mixing Type Plant-mixed
Mixing Temperature 150±5˚C (PWMA)
Compaction Tempera-ture 140±5˚C (PWMA)
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Quality Control with KICT Researchers
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Training and Technical Know-How Transfer
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Everyone is Smiling because We Successfully Built New PWMA Pavement in Mongolia
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Conclusions
1. Early distresses, such as cracks and rutting, have occurred from Mongolian pavements due to heavy traffic, severe weather condition and inappropriate quality control of paving construction.
2. Polymer-modified warm-mix asphalt(PWMA) is selected to enhance rutting and crack resistances at high and low temperatures.
3. Polymer-modified warm-mix asphalt(PWMA) is selected to reduce the mixing and compacting temperatures and to provide better com-paction on the road and ability to haul paving mix for longer dis-tances.
4. The PWMA field trials were successfully completed in South Gobi road and Ulaanbaatar road.
5. Field experiences confirmed that PWMA is effective to produce and compact asphalt mixture at temperature of 20°C lower than conven-tional PMA mixture.
6. Long-term performance and durability of PWMA pavements should be monitored and researched further.
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‘NOTHING’ is not an Option
Polymer-Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt (PWMA) Pavement will leads to improve road condition in Mongolia