Developing Safety Plans Adam Larsen Safety Engineer Federal Highway Administration Tribal Transportation Program 360-619-7751 [email protected].

Developing Safety Plans

Adam LarsenSafety Engineer

Federal Highway AdministrationTribal Transportation Program

[email protected]

Adam LarsenTTP Safety Engineer & Tribal CoordinatorFederal Highway Administration360-619-7751, [email protected]

• From 1975 to 2002 fatal crashes in the US declined 2.2%

• From 1975 to 2002, Native American and Alaska Native fatal crashes increased 53%

Safety History

Safety History

In several states, Native Americans are two times over represented in motor vehicle

fatality rates

Safety History

According to the NHTSA Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS):

Five year total of 2,752 fatalities reported.

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110

100200300400500600700800

654 657704

650564 531

438

569

Native American Fatalitites

Safety History

Motor Vehicle Crashes are the leading cause of death for Native Americans and Alaska Natives ages 1 to 44.

Transportation Safety Plans/Programs

What can be done?

Strategic Transportation Safety Planning Results

StateSHSP

Required

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

Fatal Crashes in US

How does it all fit together?

Tribal Safety Stakeholders

Tribal Safety Plan

Tribal Safety

Program+ =

Obtain FundingDirect Safety

Program

Safety Plan Purpose

$

WHY?

Obtain Funding

WHAT?

Direct Safety Program

Safety Plan Purpose

$

TTPSF Minimum Requirements Data-Driven using best available data Coordination with Stakeholders Assessment of Safety Issues Prioritized list of Strategies Multi-disciplinary Strategies Coordinated with State SHSP

What is in a Transportation Safety Plan?

Plan Template

State Contacts

Draft RFP

Webinar

Other Resources

Strategic Transportation Safety Plan Toolkit

Safety Contacts

Strategic Process

1. Establish Leadership

2. Analyze Safety Data

3. Determine Emphasis Areas

4. Identify Strategies

5. Prioritize and Incorporate

6. Evaluate and Update

http://www.vhb.com/508/TribalSafetyProgramToolbox/images/figure1-large.jpg




• Vision• Safety Partners• Process• Existing Safety Efforts• Data Review• Emphasis Areas• Implementation• Evaluation

What is in aStrategic Transportation Safety

Plan?

Road User – Do I feel safe?

Engineer – meets design standards or crash frequency below threshold

Federal Legislation – Crash Experience, No fatal or injury incidents

Define Safety

VisionMay ask leadership to:- Approve/develop vision statement- Share vision with stakeholders

Strategic Transportation Safety Plan

• No fatal or serious injury on our transportation facilities

• Toward Zero Deaths on our roads

Safety Partners

Represent/Communicate with Decision Makers

Provide or Analyze Data

Existing Efforts

Recommend Emphasis Areas

Research Strategies

Implementation

Strategic Transportation Safety Plan

Data Review Best available data

Identify & quantify the problems

Contributing factors

May identify locations


Plan?

New TRB Report

NCHRP 788 Guide for Effective Tribal Crash Reporting

Self AssessmentSuggestions on next

steps

Data Collection“Best Available” Data Source

INCIDENT DATA BIA / Tribal Police Data State/County Crash Database EMS / Search & Rescue Logs Community Survey / Public

Meeting

Data Collection“Best Available” Data Source

OTHER SAFETY DATA IHS Injury Prevention Specialist Seatbelt Surveys Community Survey / Public

Meeting Citation records Inferred Statistics from nearby

government (County, City) Other Strategic Safety Plans (MPO,

County) State Strategic Highway Safety

Plan

Data Review


Plan?


Plan?Emphasis AreasVision and Data should lead to the issues to be addressed


Plan?Emphasis AreasProblems, Issues to be addressed


Plan?

Emphasis AreasClearly define why the selection of an emphasis area is strategic

EMPHASIS AREA STRATEGIC LINKAGE

Roadway Departure 57% of fatal crashes involved a single vehicle leaving the roadway. Roadway departure was a factor in 52 crashes in five years of data.

Pedestrian and Bicycles Pedestrian and Bicycle crashes represent 17% of the fatal and serious injury crashes in rural areas of the reservation compared to 9% in all rural areas of the state. Six pedestrians and bicycles have been killed or seriously injured in the last 5 years.

Speed Management Speed is listed as a contributing factor in 52% of fatal and serious injury crashes. Tribal police issued 1374 citations for speeding in 2013.

Emphasis Areas


Data Improvement All of the 432 crash reports that this plan is based on were manually processed during the development of this plan. Future safety planning efforts would benefit from an improved database.

Safe Routes to School Although there is no crash history associated with school children walking to school this is an area of risk that is a high priority to the tribal council.

Maybe cite supporting statewide or national statistics


Roadway Departure 57% of fatal and serious injury crashes involved a single vehicle leaving the roadway. Roadway departure was a factor in 52 fatal crashes in five years of data.

Further Data Analysis

Where?70% of these

crashes occurred on two lane rural roads.

What else?30% of drivers

were impaired in road departure

crashes

Who?60% of the road departure crash

drivers are under age 21

Hot Spot Location Improvement

Hot Spot Location• Reactive• Based on Analysis of

Crash Location History• Focus Treatment on

Identified Locations• Uses Safety

Countermeasures for Identified Crash Types

2 Pedestrian Fatal Crashes in 5 years on this route

• Not Focused on Specific High Crash Locations

• Target Crash Types

• Uses Proven Low Cost Countermeasures

Systematic Approach

• Avoid misinterpretation of data

• Find similar conditions

• Can be more difficult to acquire funding

• Can be used to infer crash experience

Systematic Approach


Plan?

StrategiesHow can each discipline contribute to the identified problem (emphasis area)?

Not Here

Start Here

Problems first

then strategies


Roadway Departure 57% of fatal crashes involved a single vehicle leaving the roadway. Roadway departure was a factor in 52 crashes in five years of data. 70% of these crashes occurred on two lane rural roads.

Education Enforcement EMS Engineering

Research & Plagiarize

Strategy Selection

Strategy Selection Resources

Manual for Selecting Safety Improvements on High Risk Rural Roads

http://CMFClearingHouse.org/ NCHRP 500 Series Highway Safety Manual http://Safety.FHWA.DOT.GOV AASHTO Roadside Design Guide State Strategic Highway Safety Plans IRR Safety Management System

Implementation Plan Strategic Highway Safety Plan for

Indian Country

Manual for Selecting Safety Improvements on High Risk Rural

Roads (HRRR Manual)

Assists State, local, and Tribal agencies in finding and comparing cost-effective treatments on high risk rural roads

Developed by conducting a survey and study of State, local, and Tribal agencies’ current practices 45

http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsip/hrrr/manual



HRRR Manual – Features

46

Organized in color-coded categories by roadway feature Describes where

treatments may be most effectively used

Allows a user to quickly narrow potential treatments

Strategy Brainstorm

Proven CountermeasuresSafety.FHWA.DOT.GOV


Roadway Departure 57% of fatal crashes involved a single vehicle leaving the roadway. Roadway departure was a factor in 52 crashes in five years of data. 70% of these crashes occurred on two lane rural roads.


Ensure driver training covers “over-correcting”

See emphasis areas for alcohol and seatbelt use, these behavioral factors influence roadway departure.

Acquire repelling gear and training for faster rescue for roadway departure crashes in canyon.

• Install rumble strips on higher volume, two-lane rural roads

• Improved curve signage

• Policy to include safety edge when paving


Speed Management Speed is listed as a contributing factor in 52% of fatal and serious injury crashes. Tribal police issued 1374 citations for speeding in 2013.


• Use wolf packs to increase perceived level of enforcement

• Update tribal motor vehicle code

• Evaluate locations where traffic calming features may be helpful

• Provide speed feedback trailer for problem areas.

Process


Plan?

Existing Safety Efforts

Safe Routes to School

Local Data Collection Efforts

Safety Media Campaigns

Local Enforcement Campaigns

Infrastructure Safety Improvements

Helmet Campaign


Plan?

Implementation

Evaluation


Plan?

• Vision• Safety Partners• Process• Existing Safety Efforts• Data Review• Emphasis Areas• Implementation• Evaluation

Strategic Transportation Safety Plan Toolkit

Safety Plan Template

FHWA Tribal Planning Team to publish “Safety Planning Module”

Expected Jan-Feb 2014 http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/processes/tribal/planning_m

odules/

Coming Soon…

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/processes/tribal/planning_modules/



Tribal Transportation Program Safety Fund

Funding for Tribal Safety Efforts

~$8.5 Million Annually for eligible activitiescompetitively selected

DOJ Community Oriented Policing Grants CDC Injury Prevention Program BIA Indian Highway Safety Program State Administered Federal Programs (HSIP, HRRR,

SR2S, etc.) Check State SHSP

FY14 TTPSF Award Announcement Expected Dec 2014

FY15 TTPSF Call for Projects Expected Jan 2015

Coming Soon…

• Pedestrians• Car/Truck• Snowmobile• ATV• Maritime• Air

Flexible to the needs of the individual tribe

TTPSFAll Transportation Modes Eligible

TTP Safety Fund~$8.5M each year

MAY APPLY FOR MULTIPLE CATEGORIES

Total funding available

$8.6 Million

Total amount requested

$27.2 Million

Number of applications

239

FY 2013 TTPSF Applications

Total funding available

$8.54 Million

Total amount requested

$27.1 Million

Number of applications

126

94

recommended

FY 2014 TTPSF Applications

Data Driven Included in Safety Plan Comprehensive Approach Matching funds (not required) Road Ownership (Engineering only) RSA or Engineering Safety Study (not

required, Engineering Only)

TTPSF Application Ranking Criterion

Questions?

Adam LarsenTTP Safety Engineer(360) [email protected]

OR [email protected]

http://flh.fhwa.dot.gov/programs/ttp/safety/

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Developing Safety Plans Adam Larsen Safety Engineer Federal Highway Administration Tribal Transportation Program 360-619-7751 [email protected].

Documents

safety slide

safety history slide

safety data

roads slide

update slide

primary safety issue

transportation facilities

strategic process