Determining techniques used to reduce the impacts of pollution in a typical situation Introduction Treatment for air pollution Treatment for water pollution.

Determining techniques used to reduce the impacts of pollution in a typical situation

Introduction

Treatment for air pollution

Treatment for water pollution

Treatment for soil pollution

Costs for pollution treatment

Technical and economical evaluation for applying measures to reduce consumption

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Session 1: The origin and spreading of pollution

Session 2: Evaluating and measuring the severity of pollutions

Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation

When this is not possible, we will see which technical means are available,

It is actually necessary to take into account as soon as possible the flow polluted in order to treat and purify it.

Neglecting the management of the flow leads to contamination of the environment

AIR, WATER, SOIL

IntroductionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation

Introduction





The most efficient techniques consist of preventing a pollution from reappearing,

In the 3 cases that interest us, we will see if it is possible to take action at the pollution source in order to avoid its reappearance.

Quiz

Key points

Exercises

For each type of pollution concerning the atmosphere, different types of treatment can be applied. As for noise pollution, the impacts can be reduced by :


Diminuing the number of engins running, therefore reducing the number of sources.

limiting the speed at which the engins run, the insenisty of noise may diminue

confing the areas where the machines operating with sound proof materials

isolating the sources when possible or by replacing the machines with less noisy ones isolant les sources


Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Air filters

Vacuum hoods


For dust and volatile organic compounds (VOC), il is possible to install :

Near to the source or area where the dust is produced. These installations have to be adapted to the working conditions (operater, production mode…)

Protective clothing (masques, goggles) existe to avoid inhalation of vapors and solvants (see Module 5 « Prevention and protection of personnel »).


Introduction





Quiz

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Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

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• The divers canalisation conditions (pipe systems of production machines, water network) in order to prevent leaks from occuring

• The conditions of storing equipment (point cans, retention tanks…)

• The zones susceptible to contamination (uncovered storage zones, engin running space,…) and to absorption in to soil by rain water.

In order to avoid polluting an area due to chemical leaks, it is important to survey :

Treatment for water pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation

Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

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Collection from sewers on the site (or the sewer system for pretreatment of waste water) allow for the control of contaminated flows sending them towards the treatment unit.

These treatment units could be simple filters or internal waterwater treatment plants (WWTP).

If a WWTP is not on the site, the discharge could be sent towards the municipal WWTP with permission authorized by qualified services at the the town hall or by a water treatment agency.


Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Eau de lavage

Cuve de 3000 litres

Ajout de :- FeCl3 (précipitation),- CaOH (mise à pH).

Evacuation des boues parAZUR VIDANGE

Evacuation Eaux Usées parécrémage

Décantation de la boue dans lacuve de 3000 litres

Chaux vive

DéchargeBoues sèches

Décantation à 3 étages

Pompage

Pompage

6 x 100 litres


Eau souillée

PURDGING OF SLUDGE

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL TREATMENT

WASTE WATER EVACUATION

DECANTATION

PURDGING OF SLUDGE

WATER ANALYSIS


Introduction





Quiz

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Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Contaminated water

Disposal of dried sludge

3 decanting steps

Such equipment previously illustrated permet to diminue the pollution charge before the flow is disposed in the environment.

For example if hydrocarbons are detected on the surface of the site, due to a gas or oil leak from a truck or canister), a hydrocarbon separator can be installed that takes up and treats the water generally before contamination.


Introduction





Quiz

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Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Cleaning water for the paint-mixing tanks can be reused in the production steps in its aqueous phase, which reduces only by 1% quality of the finished product.

This method allows for the reduction of Cette technique permet de réduire :


Managing the flow of these waters allows to reduce the high treatment costs.

the quantities of water consummed

the quantities of contaminated water to treat.


Introduction





Quiz

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Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

• Process water

• Cleaning water

• Stormwater or rain water

Therefore, It is important to control the quality of the following types of discharge :

It is necessary to control the quality of the runoff of water on the site because it could be charged with pollutants (see Session 1 of this Module) and spread thourghout the site, especially natural or artifical depressions are present.


Introduction





Quiz

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Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

If pollutants are present, the rain water must be taken into account in the same way as process water (see « treatment for contaminated water »)

The impact on water and soil can be avoided by using retention tanks in senstive zones. They are used to control water flow and to guide water towards a treatment unit (see Module 9 « Transport and storeage : storing primary marterials and finished products »).


Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

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In the same manor that the water networks and potential leaks are surveyed, the following zones are controlled :De la même façon que l’on surveille les réseaux et les fuites éventuelles, on contrôle les zones de :

• Storage of primary materials

• Production

• Storage of finished products

In order to determine if the pollutants are transfered towards the soil or not.

Treatment for soil pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation

Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

To avoid any risk of pollution, the impossibility of a pollutant coming into contact with the soil ou transported by runof must be assured.

The following methods are available:

Cementing the concerned surfaces Using water resistant surfaces by using approperate roof covering Implementing retention zones where risks are possible Control and maintain on a regular basis motorized materials.

Treatment for soil

If ever the soil is polluted, a qualified authority should be contacted since the activities represent a financial cost nonnegogialble for the site,should pour la filiale. for the should be contacted. Warning


Introduction





Quiz

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Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL


To assure that the measures taken to limit water consumption function correctly, certain technical and economical means are necessary.

The chart below provides a few examples of costs for the technicall means used to reduce the impacts mentioned previously.

This chart will be used for evaluating the costs in the « Exercises »

Measures Technical means or organisationAssociated

costs

Lower the sound level issued by the activity

Limit the number of loud sources (engines) based on the activity

Limit the speed of the engines on the site (inform those concerned)

Generate sound waves in stead of phases

Make the area soundproof as well as the motors and machines.

Impression Print the chart found in the Excel document


Introduction





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Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Nuisance and pollution treatment : Quiz


Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Key Points :

The 3 principle nuisances and pollution vectors are water, air and soil.

For each vector, different prevention, actions, and treatment means, exist in order to avoid that a pollution or nuisances flow towards the natural environment.

Each site is responsible of their own discharges: a polluted water flow issued from its parameter has to contained, treated and purified.

All pollutions and nuisances constated by the authorities, lead to potentially high fincanical costs in order to restore the area contaminated or victims harmed.


Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Exercises: Evaluation technico-économique des mesures pour réduire la consommation d’eau et éviter les pollutions et nuisances

A l’aide du « tableau de criticité » de la séance 2, étudier les besoins de l’entreprise :

• État des lieux « technique », analyse de existant (STEP, zone de rétention, isolement des machines…)• Déterminer les besoins techniques et humains de la filiale (maintenance du matériel, manipulation, personnel concerné…)• Déterminer les besoins en formation, sensibilisation du personnel (rejet des eaux, tri des déchets, vitesse des engins motorisés…)


Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

AIR, WATER, SOIL

Exercices pratiques: Evaluation technico-économique des mesures pour réduire la consommation d’eau et éviter les pollutions et nuisances

Avec la grille « mesures, moyens, coûts » de cette séance, évaluer la faisabilité de chaque mesure et en estimer les coûts éventuels (cette étape nécessite du temps, les informations seront collectées au fur et à mesure des réponses)

• Relations avec des entreprises compétentes dans les types de travaux concernés (avis techniques, conseils,…)

• Demande de devis

• Évaluation du temps nécessaire à la réalisation de chaque mesure

Classer les différentes mesures à effectuer dans un planning selon leurs importances (règlementation, coûts, besoin technique, protection du personnel...)

AIR, WATER, SOIL


Introduction





Quiz

Key points

Exercises

Determining techniques used to reduce the impacts of pollution in a typical situation Introduction Treatment for air pollution Treatment for water pollution.

Documents

water pollution treatment

air pollution treatment

pollution treatment

water pollution session

water treatment agency

noise pollution

impacts of pollution

pollution source