RESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATION DESIGN © 2011 www.PosterPresentations.com UIDE OT PRINT--) duces a 36”x60” u valuable time graphics. Then send it to ium quality, ials that will n process and stions. p web browser). inted poster call 6.649.3004 ders w to add new aceholder onto t to edit. pics or concepts holder to the your poster, size icture to the (--THIS SECT This PowerPoint t (version 2007 or n commonly asked q template. If you are using an template features Usin Verifying the qua Go to the VIEW m preferred magnifi the size of the fin will be printed at poster will look li 200% and evaluate before you submit Using the placeh To add text to thi placeholder and t a placeholder, clic your cursor on its to this symbol: its new location w Additional placeh side of this templ Modifying the lay This template has different column Right-click your m on the backgroun click on “Layout” the layout options The columns in th cannot be moved any layout by goin MASTER. Importing text an TEXT: Paste or ty placeholder or dr left side of the te needed. PHOTOS: Drag in click in it and inse TABLES: You can external documen make the text fit table, right-click then click on TEXT MARGIN values to Modifying the col To change the col the “Design” men choose from the p can create your o © 2011 PosterP 2117 Fourth Str Berkeley CA 94 posterpresente our Facebook page. click on the FB Determining Baseline Concentrations of Perfluorinated Compounds in English Sole Fish (Parophrys vetulus) Livers Perfluorinated acids, especially those of longer chain lengths, are persistent, bioaccumulative, and carcinogenic compounds. They have been shown to accumulate in the livers of fish. Three of six P. vetulus (English Sole fish) liver samples from the Puget Sound were spiked with 17 perfluorinated compounds. They were then homogenized and analyzed using a liquid chromatograph tandem mass spectrometer. After all samples have been studied, they will be used to establish baseline concentrations in these bottom feeders. A method developed by the EPA could yield alternative results and must be considered before future analysis. Abstract Jessica Bryan and Joyce DinglasanPanlilio, PhD Environmental Science, University of Washington Tacoma Perfluorinated compounds, such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are found in various consumer products, such as water repellents and non-stick pans (Delinsky et al 2010). They are also used as anti-static agents for surface treatment and as components of fire fighting foams (Becker et al 2008). Pefluorinated compounds are anthropogenic, and they are resistant to microbial degradation (Weremuik et al 2006). They are widely distributed throughout the environment in biological tissues of humans and wildlife, though concentrations are low in lower trophic-level organisms (Kannan et al 2005). Background Nine 15mL polypropylene centrifuge tubes were labeled with sample names and weighed on an analytical balance with the caps on. 4mL of 0.25M sodium carbonate, 1mL of 0.25 tetrabutylammonium sulfate (TBAS), and 25μL of a Recovery standard were added to each tube. Approximately 0.5g of P. vetulus liver samples were added to six tubes, but 12.5μL of 200ppb PFAC-MXB in methanol was only added to three tubes. 5mL of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) was added to each tube with a glass pipette, which were then shaken by hand for 5 minutes. Methods Results Becker AM, Gerstmann S, Hartmut F. 2008. Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Two Fish Species Collected from the Rotar Main River, Bayreuth, Germany. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 84: 132-135. Delinsky AD, Stryner MJ, McCann PJ, Varns JL, McMillan L, Nakayama SF, Lindstrom AB. Geographical Distribution of Perfluorinated Compounds in Fish from Minnesota Lakes and Rivers. Environmental Science and Technology 44:2549-2554. Kannan K, Tao L, Sinclair E, Pastva SD, Jude DJ, Giesy JP. Perfluorinated Compounds in Aquatic Organisms at Various Trophic Levels in a Great Lakes Food Chain. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 48:559-566. Weremiuk AM, Gerstmann S, Hartmut F. 2006. Quantitative determination of perfluorinated surfactants in water by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Journal of Separation Science 29: 2251-2255. References Acknowledgments Shristi Prakash for mentoring and guidance on the methods Chris and Steven LaRocque for providing and extracting livers for the practice run U.S. Fish and Wildlife for the opportunity to work on this project Figure 5: Compounds of interest and chemical structures The remaining contents of each tube was reconstituted with 500μL of methanol and placed in a vortex for 30 seconds. These were then transferred by syringe to 1mL polypropylene vials and analyzed using a liquid chromatograph tandem mass spectrometer. The data was transferred to a computer and then evaluated to determine the concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in each tube. The organic and aqueous layers were separated for 5 minutes at 3500rpm in a centrifuge system. The MTBE layer was removed from each tube, and placed in a clean centrifuge tube. These steps were then repeated, leaving approximately 10mL of MTBE in nine new centrifuge tubes. The MTBE extracts were then brought to dryness using a nitrogen evaporator. Figure 2: Sole Fish samples prepared with solvents Figure 1: Sample baseline concentration ratios for a sulfonoic and carboxylic acid Figure 3: Sole Fish samples in Nitrogen Evaporator Figure 1: Sole Fish samples Figure 4: Homogenizer for livers y = 0.051x + 0.1035 R² = 0.99223 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 50 100 150 200 250 Area Response Concentra=on (ppb) PFOS/MPFOS y = 0.046x + 0.1779 R² = 0.9962 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 50 100 150 200 250 Area Response Concentra=on (ppb) PFNA/MPFOA Results Figure 2: English Sole Fish in natural environment http://www.scubaboard.com/gallery Figure 2: Recovery percentages of carboxylic compounds of interest Name Acronyms Structure Perfluorobutanoic Acid PFBA C 3 F 7 COOH Perfluoropentanoic Acid PFPeA C 4 F 9 COOH Perfluorohexanoic Acid PFHxA C 5 F 11 COOH Perfluoroheptanoic Acid PFHpA C 6 F 13 COOH Perfluorooctanoic Acid PFOA C 7 F 15 COOH Perfluorononanoic Acid PFNA C 8 F 17 COOH Perfluorodecanoic Acid PFDA C 9 F 19 COOH Perfluoroundecanoic Acid PFUndA C 10 F 21 COOH Perfluorododecanoic Acid PFUndoA C 11 F 23 COOH F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F O S OH O Figure 1: Compounds of interest 1000 800 600 400 200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 PFBA PFBA/MPFHxA PFPeA PFPeA/MPFHxA PFHxA PFHxA/MPFHxA PFHpA PFHpA/ MPFOA PFOA PFOA/MPFOA PFNA PFNA/MPFNA PFDA PFDA/MPFDA PFUdA PFUdA/MPUdA PFDoA PFDoA/MPFDoA PFTrDa PFTeDA PFTDHxA Recovery (%) Compounds of Interest Recovery 1 Recovery 2 Figure 3: Recovery percentages of sulfanoic compounds of interest Perfluorinated Sulfonates (PFSAs) Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Conc. (μg/L) PFBA PFBA/ MFHxA PFPeA PFPeA/ MPFHxA PFHxA PFHxA/ MPFHxA PFHpA PFHpA/ MPFOA PFOA PFOA/ MPFOA PFNA PFNA/ MPFNA PFDA PFDA/ MPFDA PFUdA PFUdA/ MPUdA PFDoA PFDoA/ MPFDoA PFTrDa Blank 1 54.1 24.1 0.41 0.98 1.31 0.16 0.45 1.10 1.75 1.36 3.20 3.15 3.93 2.29 5.59 2.93 1.32 1.09 0.59 Blank 2 191.3 108.9 3.79 1.58 1.15 0.79 0.14 0.65 1.86 1.43 4.78 3.83 4.51 2.87 6.24 3.50 1.75 1.56 0.61 Blank 3 85.3 35.7 3.43 0.62 0.95 3.83 0.76 1.24 2.00 1.48 4.79 3.84 4.29 2.66 6.18 3.47 1.53 0.49 5.94 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 PFBS PFHxS PFHxS/MPFHxS PFOS PFDS MPFHxS Recovery (%) Compounds of Interest Recovery 1 Recovery 2 Figure 1: Concentrations of sulfanoic and carboxylic controls Conc. (μg/L) PFBS PFHxS PFHxS/ MPFHxS PFOS PFDS MPFHxS Blank 1 0 1.76 2.08 3.39 0.31 1.77 Blank 2 1.89 1.79 2.09 1.37 0.62 2.07 Blank 3 1.86 1.79 2.09 1.83 0.68 2.02