IWMP-IV (2009-10) Balghar (2c6c2Gib) Theog Shimla [Page-1] DETAILED PROJECT REPORT IWMP-IV-Theog, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 2009-10 Department of Rural Development Government of Himachal Pradesh Prepared by Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Regional Centre, National Afforestation and Eco-development Board (Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of India) Nauni, Solan (HP) 173 230
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
BPL : Below Poverty Line DPR : Detailed Project Report DRDA : District Rural Development Agency GIS : Geographical Information System ha : hectare IPH : Irrigation and Public Health IRDP : Integrated Rural Development Programme IWMP : Integrated Watershed Management Programme lt : liter m : meter MNREGA : Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Act. NABARD : National Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development NDRI : National Diary Research Institute OBC : Other Backward Classes PIA : Project Implementing Agency PMGS Y : Pradhan Mantry Gramin Sadak Yojna PWD : Public Work Department SC : Scheduled Caste ST : Scheduled Tribe EPA : Entry Point Activity SHG : Self Help Group WDF : Watershed Development Fund
10 Whether the year- wise annual action plan prepared or not
Yes. Scheme identified for convergence will have to be considered in annual action plan
11 Whether activity – wise project fund and convergence funds indicated separately or not.
Yes
12 Whether Khasra No. of civil structure indicated or not.
GPS Code indicated activity wise
13 Physical & financial target of the project period mentioned in the AAP or not
Yes
14 MW-wise code mentioned on not Yes – Micro WaterShed wise
15 Proposed Activities Kachha talab/pond
Rain water harvesting structure/ roof water
Water storage tank(WST)
Kuhal
Dam
Agriculture Provision of crop seed Demonstration unit
Horticulture Plants Vegetable seeds Collection centre Demonstration unit/MIS
Animal husbandry
Soil Conservation
Drinking water
Livelihood activity
Production system and Micro Enterprises
16 Provision of funds for water Conservation/Harvesting activities.
Rs. 3,14,47,516
17 Area proposed to be brought under Supplemental Irrigation
2794 ha.
18 Whether the Draft DPR has been approved by:
18.(i) the Gram Sabha/ Gram panchayat Yes (resolution of gram panchayat in each micro watershed)
18.(ii) The District level Resource Group. Yes. recommendation/ approval /letter all ready submitted to SLNA by the respected DLRG
19 Expected Outcome Increase in availability of water Production of Agriculture, horticulture and fodder Improvement in soil and economic status of BPL and Antoyadaya families
P 2.01 INTRODUCTION AND BUDGET P2.01a Introduction Watershed : IWMP- Theog –IV Gram panchayat : Balghar Ward : Chambal Panchayat Area : 910
Ward Area to be treated : 256 ha Amount : 38.40Lac The Balghar Panchayat is located at the distance of 28 Km from the block headquarter, Theog. The total geographical area of the panchayat is 906 hectare and area of Chambal ward of Balghar Panchayat to be treated is 256 hectare. The Gram Panchayat/ward is situated at the 310.03.046 latitude and 770.24.143 longitude. The altitude is 6539 feet above mean sea level. The Panchayat is covered with GP Bagri, Mundu, Balag, Sainj, Ghoond and Parghiya. The catchment area of watershed is Dal Nala. The total population of the Gram Panchayat is 1374 covering 5 wards.
P2.01b BUDGET
Sr.No. Budget Component % of the budget Amount (lacs)
1 Administrative cost Monitoring Evaluation
10 01 01
03.840 00.384 00.384
2 Preparatory Phase Entry point activities Institution & capacity building Detailed Project Report (DPR)
04 05 01
01.536 01.920 00.384
3 Watershed Works Phase Watershed Development Works Livelihood activities for the asset less persons Production system & micro enterprises
50 10 13
19.200 03.840 04.992
4 Consolidation phase 05 01.920
Total 100 38.400
P2.01c Methodology A. District level
a. Collection of data at district level i. DRDA and Line department
b. Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments B. Block level
a. Data collection b. One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and panchayat sahayak at block
level c. Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal
husbandry department C. Panchayat Level
a. General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Sameeti, Pradhan and Ward members
b. Collection of revenue data from Patwari c. Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary d. Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks e. Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
P2.02 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA P2.021 Socio economic profile of panchayat
Total families of the Panchayat : 259 Total families of the ward (Chambal) : 59 Total population of the Panchayat : 1374 Total population of the ward (Chambal) : 349 Total families (General) : 180 (population =909) Total General families of ward(Chambal) : 29 (population =165) Total families (Schedule caste) : 79 (Population =465) Total Schedule Caste families of ward(Chambal) : 30 (population =184) P 2.021a Population in different categories (ward wise)
Name of ward
General Families SC Families
No. of families
Male Female Total No. of families
Male Female Total
Chambal 29 79 86 165 30 91 93 184
Palail 47 128 119 247 0 0 0 0
Kargoli 47 104 104 208 06 19 19 38
Katiyana 42 95 108 203 08 23 25 48
Balghar 15 42 44 86 35 98 97 195
Total 180 448 461 909 79 231 234 465 Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat
Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 2.022 BPL Families Total BPL Families : 82 Total Antoyodaya Families : 55 P 2.022a Population of BPL and Antoyodaya families (ward wise)
Name of Ward General Families SC Families
BPL Antoyodaya BPL Antoyodaya
Chambal 09 03 11 09
Palail 24 15 0 0
Kargoli 18 11 03 03
Katiyana 06 04 02 02
Balghar 02 01 07 07
Total 59 34 23 21 Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 2.023 Land use pattern The total land of Balghar panchayat is 910 hectare out of which 195 hectare is irrigated and the rest of area is rainfed. The cultivated land is 166 hectare under different farming system i.e. agriculture and vegetables. The fellow land and barren is 5 hectare and 54 hectare respectively.
Source: Revenue Patwari P2.024 Status of Livestock The animal rearing is the integrated part of farming system in the watershed area. The major animal are cows (local and improved) bulock, sheep, goats etc. The people face acute problem of fodder and drinking water, for these animals during the stress period. The details of livestock reared by the people in Balghar are given below: P2.024a Number of milch and dry cows (Local and improved) and Buffaloes Name of Ward Local cow Improved cow Buffaloes
Milch Dry Total Milch Dry Total Milch Dry Total
Chambal 49 32 81 9 0 9 0 0 0
Palail 11 4 15 40 0 40 1 0 1
Kargoli 60 40 100 20 0 20 0 0 0
Katiyana 100 70 170 40 0 40 0 0 0
Balghar 25 15 40 20 0 20 0 0 0
Total 245 161 406 129 0 129 1 0 1 Source: Household Survey, Regional Centre NAEB, 2010
P2.024b Livestock population (ward wise) Name of Ward Bullock Calf Goat Sheep Total
Chambal 20 32 10 1 153
Palail 6 25 5 0 92
Kargoli 24 30 5 1 180
Katiyana 60 110 30 0 410
Balghar 42 40 25 18 185
Total 152 237 75 20 1020 Source: Household Survey, Regional Centre NAEB, 2010
A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /programmes as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out.
P2.031 Strengths of the watershed area Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of chilli.
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available.
People are well versed with animal husbandry.
Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
Good response in MNERGA Programme
P2.032 Weaknesses Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
Hailstorm prone area.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation.
Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs to be reconsidered.
P2.033 Opportunities Introduction of organic farming
Roof water harvesting
Training to the farmers on horticulture management, floriculture, poultry and mushroom production etc.
Revival of Mahila Mandals and SHGs which are dysfunctional presently
Installation of vegetable collection centre at ward/panchayat level
Introduction of crossbred animals
P2.034 Threats Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
P2.04 ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities. Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise as given below. P2.041 Entry point activities suggested at different locations of watershed
P2.05 WATER HARVESTING The main sources of irrigation in the gram Panchayat are Tallab , Dam, tanks and water schemes. The most of the cultivated area is rainfed. The existing water resources are drying due to climatic change. The people face acute problem of water during stress period, specifically for the irrigation of vegetable crops etc. P 2.051 Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity
Name of structure
Number of structure
Capacity (m3) Project intervention No. of beneficiaries
Old New Old New Old New Old New
Kachha talab
1 5 20 468 20 468 All All
Roof water harvesting
0 6 0 108 0 108 All All
Tanks 2 7 16 280 16 280 All All
Total 3 18 36 856 36 856 All All
P2.051a PROPOSED WATER BODIES /WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES
P2.051d Total Storage Capacity of Existing and New structures
Scheme Existing structures (m3)
New structures (m3) Total capacity (m3)
Watershed 36 856 892
Convergence - - -
Total 36 856 892
P2.052 Budget
Scheme Existing structures (Rs) New structures (Rs) Total (Rs)
Watershed - 1205200 1205200
Convergence - - -
Total - 1205200 12,05,200
P2.053 Total storage capacity and cost through watershed and convergence
programme
Particulars Capacity (m3) Cost (Rs)
Watershed 892 1205200
Convergence - -
Total 892 12,05,200 Presently, if all the existing watershed structures are renovated, this will enhance storage capacity to 892 m
3. with cost estimate of Rs. 12,05,200
(Total water harvesting potential Storage capacity (watershed) + storage capacity (convergence) =892 m
3
Area to be irrigated under watershed programme = 4.46 ha Note : Total area is calculated by dividing total water available under watershed with depth of irrigation
The main agricultural crops grown in the Panchayat wheat, Barley, maize, among cereal crops rajmash and Mash among pulses. The productivity of crop was observed very low due to rainfed condition. This can be increased through increase in irrigation facilities and latest technology. Part 2.061 Prevalent Farming System under Agriculture
P2.062 Present status of Agriculture Crops and Proposed interventions: P 2.062a Cereals Crops Crops grown: Maize, Wheat Total Productions: 17 + 10.80 + 8.60 = 36.40 qt ( based on PRA exercise)
Period Particulars Maize Wheat Barley
Existing Area under cultivation 36 Bigha 12 Bigha 10 Bigha
year The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Maize (44 x 3), Wheat (14 x 15),Pulses mash(10 x4) and Rajmash (31x10) by number of beneficiaries ( list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 percent replacement rate each year for three years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries.
P2.063 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Improved seed varieties not adequately used.
P2.064 Marketing
Not sold used only for self consumption
P2.0644 Project Interventions a) Introduction of improved seed
Improved seed of maize, wheat and pulses will be introduced as demonstration units
b) Introduction of vermin-composting: Twenty units will be developed as
demonstration, in each village of the panchayat.
For better and productive utilization of FYM Vermicompost is being recommended.
Project Beneficiaries Seed 3864 3864 All Vermi Compost 35000 35000 All
Total 38864 38864
c) Human Resource Development (HRD)/ Capacity Building and training in Agriculture
Training on cultivation practices of various agriculture crops.
Training on insects & pests management.
Training on post harvest management.
Training on vermicomposting
Exposure visits and experience sharing.
d) Numbers of trainings / Exposure visits Number of Trainings =3
Number of Trainees=30-35
Duration = 3 days
e) Exposure visit One exposure visit of 30 -40 farmers
P 2.066 Project Impact a)
Crops Existing families
Addition in families
Total families after project interventions
Seed requirement after project intervention (kg)
Maize 52 7 59 13.2
Wheat 42 5 47 21.0
Barley 35 8 43 15.6
Mash 20 4 24 4.0
Rajmash 52 7 59 31.0
Total 201 31 232 84.8
Presently 52 families are involved in agriculture production. After project intervention 8 additional families will be involved in agriculture (i.e 7 families in maize, 5 in wheat, 8 in Barley and in Pluses 4 families in mash and 7 families in Rajmash). In total 59 families will be benefited after project intervention and the seed requirement for all these families will be 84.8 kg i.e. 13.2 kg seeds for maize, 21kg for wheat, 15.6 kg for Barley and 35 kg seed of Pulses.
b) Skill development and capacity building of about 25 to 30 farmers from the Panchayat c) Encouragement towards organic farming and improving fertility of soils through
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear, peach and walnut etc. are grown .Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, beans, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income.
P2.071 Prevalent Farming Practices under Horticulture
Agriculture + Horticulture + Animal rearing. P2.072 Present status of horticulture crops and proposed interventions: P2.072a Fruits Status Particular Apple Pear
P2.074 Marketing a) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli, Shimla market and Apple are sold at
Dhalli, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
P2.075 Project Interventions a) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. b) Vegetable collection centre. c) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. d) Farm based enterprises e) Irrigation through moisture conservation measures f) Drip irrigation Sprinkler g) Vegetable seed production area
P2.075a Proposed fruit crop intervention in the Project Area Apple
Sr. No.
Name of ward
No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha)
Amount(RS)
1 Chambal 59 1180 34 29500 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Pear Sr. No.
Name of ward
No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha)
Amount(RS)
1 Chambal 59 885 22 10620 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of plant for each crop has been determined by the total number of plants x Bigha i. e apple 35/bigha and pear 40/bigha.
P 2.075b Requirement of Improved Vegetable Seed in Project Area
Crops Seed requirement quantity
Project contribution with 10% seed replacement
Estimated Budget (Rs)
Cabbage 2.250 0.225 45000
Beans 180 18.00 8640
Tomato 0.160 0.016 3200
Cauliflower 0.450 0.045 18000
Peas 376 37.60 3008
Capsicum 0.450 0.045 24750
Potato 1500 150.00 18000
Total 205.931 120598 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each vegetable crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bigha with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Cabbage (50 gm), Beans (6 kg), Cauliflower (50gm), Tomato (20gm by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 3 years. This seed may be given as samples among the beneficiaries for development and demonstration units
1. Skill development /capacity building of 59 farmers 2. Cropping pattern changed. Area under vegetable increased (27bighas) 3. Farming systems changed. Areas under fruit crops increased (101 bighas) 4. Production of fruit and vegetable from the areas enhanced 5. Livelihood of 43 more farming families linked with horticulture
Species Existing families Addition in families
Total families after project intervention
Fruits
Apple 59 - 59
Pear - 30 30
Vegetables
Cabbage 45 7 52
Beans 40 9 49
Tomato 22 12 34
Cauliflower 32 15 47
Peas 45 9 54
Capsicum 32 12 44
Potato 25 18 43
P2.077 Vegetable Collection Centre
Ward Location Size Beneficiaries Cost (Rs.)
Chambal Chambal 6x5 50 2,60,000
Total 2,60,000 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Poly house Demonstration unit for low volume high value crops of vegetable, floriculture and MIS
Ward Location No. Size Beneficiaries Cost (Rs.)
Chambal Chambal 2 100m2 50 250000
Total 2,50,000
Before introducing the Poly house Demonstration unit at ward level PIA will be authorized to decide the location and beneficiaries
Animal rearing is the second important activity for livelihood alongwith Agriculture. Animals are reared by farmers mainly for milk, FYM, Milch animals are local as well as improved. Hence milk production is low. P 2.081 Milk Production and fodder requirement Total numbers of milching cattle in the Chambal ward is 58 and average production of milk per day is 2.0 lt from local cows and 5.0 lt from jersey cows per day and there are no any buffaloes in the ward. The total milk production/day is 143 it for different species. P 2.081a Average and Total milk production
Milch cattle Number Average milk production lt./day Total production (lt.)
Cow(Local) 49 2.0 98
Cow (improved) 9 5.0 45
Total 58 143
P2.082 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons) Green fodder available in project area is 7267 tons whereas dry fodder available is 4360 ton. Total 1160 ton. Fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 17442 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 5819 ton. Total fodder required is 23256 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 10175 ton. And that of dry fodder is 1454 tons. P 1.082a Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
P 2.083 Project interventions Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands Training/Capacity building
a) Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses
Species: Tree: Buel, Ban, Robinia
Grasses: Berseem, Orchard grass, Napier etc.
P 2.083a Requirement of fodder trees and grasses in wards
Name of Ward
Fodder Trees Grasses
Area (ha.)
No. of Plants
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Area (ha.)
Quantity of seeds (kg)
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Chambal 2 2200 40000 3 105 12600
Total 2 2200 40,000 3 105 12,600
b) Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands c) Training and Capacity Building
Live stock management
Animal Health
Artificial insemination
Improved grasses / Fodder trees Exposure visits
Number of Training
Four trainings with 5-7 farmers in each trainings
Exposure visits for 5-7 farmers
P 2.084 Project outcome/impact P 2.084a Estimated production of milk after project intervention
Milk production after project intervention will increase to 5.0 lt. /day and total production of milk after project intervention will be 210 liters. P2.084b Milk production from cows and buffaloes
Milch cattle No. Milk productionlt./day Total production (lt.)
Improved cows 9 7 63
Local cows 49 3 147
Total 58 210
P 2.084c Total milk production before and after project intervention.
Increase in milk production is 796lt. with total production of 2497lt.
Milch cattle Before project (lt.) After project (lt.) Increase after project
P 2.09 FISHERY Fisheries can be one of the additional source of income to the farmers of the watershed area, but due to the lack of fresh water, the people enable to take up this activity as a source of income. Secondly the people of the watershed area is practicing agriculture, horticulture and vegetable cultivation which is giving good returns to the farmers. Hence fish cultivation cannot suggest for the watershed areas of the theog block. P 2.09a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common No Size (ft) location No Size (ft) Location
1 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
2 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
P 2.09ab Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
P 2.10 DRINKING WATER The panchayat area falls in the rain fed area. Water resources are very limited which has been taped fully by the local people for drinking and irrigation purposes. In earlier days there were water bodies (Bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and transect-walk of the water shed area source some fact regarding drinking water come up.
Dried up of the water bawaries due to the climate change.
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in population.
Less care of maintenance of water bodies, which is due to the habit of tap water provided at door step provided by the IPH department, lifted from Giri River.
Less percolation for the existing Bawaries due to less range and drying up of Johar at the watershed area
Presently people take the water through taps, which is provided in alternative days.
P2.101 Availability of water in the panchayat P 2.101a Availability of water before and project interventions
Sr. No
Particulars Capacity (Lt)
Present After Project intervention
1 Total supply of water per day 14000 104000
2 Total House holds 59 59
3 Total population 349 349
4 Water Available per house hold per day
237 1762
5 Per capita Availability 40 298
P 2.1022 Status of Drinking water in different wards of Panchayat P 2.1022a Structure, water availability on daily and monthly basis
Ward/ Village
Name of Structure Availability of water / day from the source
No. of months water available during the year
Tap/ WST Handpump Ponds Bawaries
No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity
Chambal 2 12000 0 2 2000 6-8 months/year
P 2.102b Structure with number of beneficiaries and dimensions.
Work Name of the Ward
Existing number
Proposed number
location No. of Beneficiaries
Dimension (m)
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Bawari Chambal 2 1(Repair) Karai All 1.5x1.5x1 10000
P2.11 SOIL CONSERVATION The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Heavy and uncontrolled grazing
Deforestation in the watershed areas
Construction of roads and dumping of debris along Nala side
Cutting of bushes and hedges by local people for fuel and fodder purpose
Lake of physical and bio logical structures, which facilitate water conservation
Excessive use of cultivated land for Veg. purpose.
P2.11 To check soil erosion, following interventions are recommendation
Construction of check dams from top to bottom to minimize the flow of water.
Construction of crate walls to sloppy land sliding area.
Construction of Contour and trenches to check soil erosion.
Proper bunding on the cultivated lands by planting grasses
Biological/vegetative engineering measures along the slope land
P2.11a Various structure are required to be constructed at different location for checking soil erosion
P 2.111b Structure with number of beneficiaries
Activity Ward Name Location Proposed (No) Families
Benefited Estimated Budget(Rs
Dry Check dam Chambal Kargoli nala 12 All 43200
Crate wall Chambal Kargoli nala 10 All 55000
Total 22 98,200
Soil conservation work includes formation of crate walls and Dry Check dam. In this panchayat total 10 crate walls will be constructed which will benefit all families of the ward. Total 12 Dry Check dam will be constructed which will benefit all families. Vegetative Measure: Various types of trees (Robinia,kenth), Shrubs (|Berbris, Ruses) and grasses (Chrysopogon falues, Cynodon dactylon, Napier etc.) can be grown in the areas prone to soil erosion. Fodder grasses like Napier grass can be used on farm bunds. For demonstration in each panchayat about 10,000 cuttings could be planted/ distributed to farmers.
P2.12 CONVERGENCE The linkage of the IWMP-IV, Theog with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of identifying different activities under the IWMP and their association with other activities of different line departments can be assured through convergence. This is the best tool to derive support from different line departments.
The following activities can be converged from one head to another:
Developmental activities like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY, PWD, IPH and MNREGA programmes
Employment Generation with MNREGA programme run by Rural Development Department
To improve productivity, distribution of improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be converged with State Agriculture Department under Pandit Dindayal Krishi Yojna
Construction of poly houses and vegetable Collection Centres at watershed level can be constructed under the Horticulture Technology Mission run by Department of Horticulture
Income generating activities and micro-enterprises with rural employment programme, Prime Minster Employment Generation Programme. Self –Employment Schemes etc.
Diary development and sheep-goats rearing for the resource less people under Dudh Ganga Pariyojana run by the Animal Husbandry Department
Table : Activity/ work to be taken other programme/scheme
Income generating activity reported in the watershed areas are carpentry, masonry, shoe making and weavers, diary, poultry, sheep and goats rearing, pattal and basket making etc,. These income generating activities can transform the rural poor, if they have given more opportunities in the form of trainings, equipments and machine etc., cutting and tailoring, achar making, jam, jelly, candy and juices making can be other options for rural women to improve their socio-economic conditions.
The skills of local artisans can be improved by providing more opportunities at their door steps. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, the following activities will be taken up under watershed programme for farmers.
P2.131 Income enhancement and employment generation through different income generating activities
P2.131a Number of households with activities and income
S. No
Activity Existing No. of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Carpentry 2 2 24000/120 36000/180
2 Cutting and Tailoring
1 1 18000/90 24000/120
3 Vermin - 4 - 24000/240
4 Dairy farming - 3 - 75600/630
5 Horti. Nursery - 1 - New concept
6 Seed village concept
- 1 - New concept
The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which will be verified during the implementation by the PIA.
Note: Target for 3rd
and 4th
year
P2.132 Activity Wise Projects
1. Carpentry a. Purpose : Livelihood/ Enhancement of income b. Category : SC/ IRDP c. No. of families involved : 2 d. Project intervention
P2.14 LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS The land resource is the primary and major source of livelihood activities in the watershed area. These natural resources can be used properly by adopting integrated farming system to get more return per unit space per unit time. Area is suitable for the cultivation of apple, pear, pomegranate and walnut. These fruits plants can be integrated with agriculture and animal’s husbandry to increase the productivity of land. The shortage of fodder leads farmers to rear only local breeds of animals that are too for self consumption of milk and farm yard manure. This shortage of fodder can be overcome by introducing multipurpose tree species. Other option of livelihood is the revival of rural artisans and for this best options with the rural artisans are carpenter, masonry, weaving, crafting and shoe making. The rural poor can earn good amount of money from these professions. These are some of important income generating activities need to be introduced in the watershed area. There is a dire need to aware, motivate and trained the local poor artisans. These artisans should be provided with equipments to earn their livelihood and to improve their socio economic conditions.
P2.141 Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Sr. No.
Category wise Total No. of household
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 29 Agriculture +horticulture +animal husbandry + micro enterprises
2 SC 30 Agriculture
3 BPL 20 Agriculture and labourers
P2.142 AGRICULTURE
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of days/year food grain sufficiently at home per family
5 months 6 months
2 Average production from agriculture 3.5 Q 4 Q
3 Income from agriculture Self consumption
Self consumption
4 No. of families who want to increase areas (all crops in agriculture combined)
All 5-7 families
P2.143 HORTICULTURE
P2.143a Fruits production
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of households with orchards 45 59
2 Area per household under horticulture (fruit trees)
To implement watershed activities more effectively skill development and capacity building at Panchayat level is very important. The activities proposed are given below:
P2.151 Modules
P2.151a Awareness Camps
Will be organized at Panchayat level P2.151b Training:
Training will be organized at
Block level
DRDA level
Institutional level P2.151c Exposure Visits:
Exposure visits will be conducted at University/ Institutions /Field P2.151d Special Trainings will be organized in the professional institutes P2.152 Activities with number of participants P2.152a Target groups and location of programme Target group No. of
participants Activity Location
Member of Gram Shabha
All Awareness camps Panchayat level
PRI, VLI Members 10 Watershed Implementation and management Block level
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
3 to 5/panchayat
Water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and micro enterprises etc.
Block level (One trainings for such activities)
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
1 to 2 / ward/ panchayat
Kissan Melas/ Pradashanis State/Outside State
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
2 to 3/ activity/ panchayat
Specialized trainings (Mushroom production, floriculture, fruit crops, nursery raising techniques, dairy development, poultry farming, goat breeding, cereals crops, agriculture and insect-pest management etc.
Professional Institutes / University
PIAs, WDTs members
10 Project implementation and management trainings, report writing and accounts maintenance
DRDA level
The capacity building of farmers and youth in the watershed areas can also be done
under the micro enterprises and livelihood through Industrial Training Institute (ITI) occupation\trades as well as other entrepreneurs programmes which provide self-employment or wage employment within the watershed areas.
Action Plan for IWMP-IV Theog Name of the State :Himachal Pradesh Name of the District :Shimla Name of Block :Theog Name of Panchayat :Balghar Total Area in Hectare :256 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount :Rs.38,40,000 Total Village :06
SUMMARY Located at an altitude of 6539 feet above mean sea level Gram Panchayat Balghar comprises the total area of 256 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 38.40 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 349 out of which 29 families are of general, 30 families are of scheduled caste. In total 18 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including convergence existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 856 m3 with total cost of Rs 12,05,200 which will irrigate 4.46 hac area of the panchayat.
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 112 bigha. In total 848 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 7728 and 5 vermicompost units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 35,000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 30-35 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 2360 Plants of apple and 1710 plant of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 80,240. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 2,41,196 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 2 pollyhouse will be demonstrated the Rs. 2,50,000 has been earmarked for the purpose. Total number of animals in the panchayat are 1020 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 2200 plants of fodder and 105 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 40,000. and Rs 12,600 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area. 7 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 10400 lt with cost estimate of Rs 3,05,000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 40 lt to 298 lt after project. Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 98,200 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro- enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are Carpentry, Vermincomposting, cutting & tailoring , nursery and dairy farming. A total of Rs 2,68,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools. One pollyhouse unit is introduce as demonstration in panchayat with cost of Rs.1,25,000. Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs 1,75,000 lac), water harvesting structures (Rs 12,05,200), agriculture development (Rs 42,728), horticulture development (Rs 8,31,436), animal husbandry (Rs 52,600), drinking water (Rs 3,05,000), soil conservation (Rs 98,200), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 2,68,000) and capacity building (Rs 1,92,000)
Annexure-1 Water harvesting Target for 3rd year Existing and Proposed water harvesting structures in Balghar Panchayat of IWMP IV Theog are presented as under
Gram panchayat :Basadhar Area : 813 ha Amount : 121.95 lacs
Gram Panchayat Basadhar is located at 58 km distance from the Block headquarter, Theog. The total Geographical area of the panchayat is 813 hectare. The Gram Panchayat is situated at 30.59.702 latitude and 0770.27.404 longitude. The height of Gram Panchayat of Basadhar is 6218 feet from above mean sea level. The Panchayat is covered with GP Kuthar and Tikker. The catchment area of watershed is Joh Nawag , Sertu, Dasheya, Baroth and Timba nalas. The total population of the Panchayat is 1125 covering five wards. P4.01b BUDGET
Sr. No.
Budget Component % of the budget
Amount (lacs)
1 Administrative cost Monitoring Evaluation
10 01 01
1219500 121950 121950
2 Preparatory Phase Entry point activities Institution & capacity building Detailed Project Report (DPR)
04 05 01
487800 609750 121950
3 Watershed Works Phase Watershed Development Works Livelihood activities for the asset less persons Production system & micro enterprises
50 10 13
6097500 1219500 1585350
4 Consolidation phase 05 609750
Total 100 1,21,95,000
P4.01c Methodology A. District level
a. Collection of data at district level i. DRDA and Line department
b. Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments B. Block level
a. Data collection b. One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and Panchayat Sahayak at block
level c. Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal
husbandry department C. Panchayat Level
a. General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Samiti, Pradhan and Ward members
b. Collection of revenue data from Patwari c. Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary d. Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks e. Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
P 4.02 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA P4.021 Socio economic profile of panchayat
Total families : 233 Total population of the Panchayat : 1125 General families : 195 (population =929) Schedule caste families : 38(population = 196)
P 4.021a Population in different categories (ward wise)
Name of ward
General Families SC Families
No of families
Male Female Total No of families
Male Female Total
Bagna 38 99 95 194 11 30 30 60
Kalwan 40 100 85 185 8 23 11 34
Basadhar 23 55 54 109 11 31 31 62
Baroth 38 102 86 188 5 10 9 19
Chakhna 56 133 120 253 3 12 9 21
Total 195 489 440 929 38 106 90 196 Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat
Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 4.022 BPL Families Total BPL Families : 76 Total Antoyodaya Families : 49
P 4.022a Population of BPL and Antoyodaya families (ward wise)
Name of Ward General Families SC Families
BPL Antoyodaya BPL Antoyodaya
Bagna 10 6 6 2
Kalwan 8 8 5 4
Basadhar 6 3 5 3
Baroth 6 6 2 1
Chakhna 19 13 9 3
Total 49 36 27 13 Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 4.023 Land use pattern The total land of Basadhar panchayat is 813 hectare. The irrigated land is 15 hectare and wrest of area is rainfed. The cultivated land is 138 hectare under different farming system i.e. agriculture, horticulture and vegetables. The rest of area is under pasture, ghasni and forests etc. The barren is 21hectare.
P4.023a Areas (ha) of panchayat (village wise) under different land use systems
Sr. No.
Name of village
Total land
Irrigated Un irrigated
Agri. Horti. Veg. Barren Pasture Ghasni Forest Other
The animal rearing is the integrated part of farming system in the watershed area. The major animals are cows (local and improved), buffaloes, sheep, goats etc. The people face acute problem of fodder and drinking water for these animals during the stress period. The details of livestock reared by the people in Kuthar panchayat are given below:
P4.024a Number of milch and dry cows (Local and improved) and Buffaloes
A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /program as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out. P4.031 Strengths of the watershed area
Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of Vegetable crops
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available.
People are well versed with animal husbandry.
Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
P4.032 Weaknesses
Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
Hailstorm prone area.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation.
Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs to be reconsidered.
Transport facilities are very meager P4.033 Opportunities
Introduction of organic farming
Roof water harvesting
Training to the farmers on horticulture management, floriculture, poultry and mushroom production etc.
Revival of Mahila Mandals and SHGs which are dysfunctional presently
Installation of vegetable collection centre at ward/panchayat level
Introduction of crossbreed animals P4.034 Threats
Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities. Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise as given below. P 4.041 Entry point activities suggested at different locations of watershed
The main sources of irrigation in the gram Panchayat are Tallab , Dam, tanks and water schemes. The most of the cultivated area is rainfed. The existing water resources are drying due to climatic change. The people face acute problem of water during stress period, specifically for the irrigation of vegetable crops etc.
P 4.051 Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity
Name of structure
Number of structure
Capacity ( cu.lt) Project intervention
No. of beneficiaries
Old New Old New Old New Old New
Kachha talab
4 27 200 2344 - 2344 55 154
Roof water harvesting
- 33 - 594 - 594 - 215
Tanks 13 42 325 1680 - 1680 70 186
Dam - 2 - 600 - 600 - 22
Kuhal - 3 - - - - - All
P 4.051a WATER BODIES /WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES Work Name of
Area to be irrigated under watershed programme =28.71 ha. Note : Total area is calculated by dividing total water available under watershed with depth of irrigation
The main agricultural crops grown in the Panchayat wheat, Barley, maize, among cereal crops rajmash and Mash among pulses. The productivity of crop was observed very low due to rainfed condition. This can be increased through increase in irrigation facilities and latest technology. Part 4.061 Prevalent Farming System under Agriculture
P 4.062c Requirement of improved seed under different crops
Particulars Quantity Project contribution with 10% Seed replacement rate (Kg)
Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Cereals
Maize 69 6 240
Wheat 525 52 1300
Barley 144 14 350
Pulses
Mash 40 4 360
Rajmash 220 22 1980
Total 998 98 4230 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Maize (23 x 3), Wheat (35 x 15), Barley (12 x 12), Pulses mash(10x4) and Rajmash (22 x10) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 percent replacement rate each year for three years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries.
P 4.063 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Improved seed varieties not adequately used.
P4.064 Marketing
Not sold used only for self consumption
P4.065 Project Interventions a) Introduction of improved seed
Improved seed of maize, wheat and pulses will be introduced as demonstration units
b) Introduction of vermin-composting: Twenty units will be developed as
demonstration, in each village of the panchayat.
For better and productive utilization of FYM Vermcompostingis being recommended.
c) Human Resource Development (HRD)/ Capacity Building and training in Agriculture
Training on cultivation practices of various agriculture crops.
Training on insects & pests management.
Training on post harvest management.
Training on vermicomposting
Exposure visits and experience sharing.
d) Numbers of trainings / Exposure visits
Number of Trainings =3
Number of Trainees=30-35
Duration = 3 days
e) Exposure visit
One exposure visit of 30 -40 farmers P 4.066 Project Impact a)
Crops Existing families
Addition in families
Total families after project interventions
Seed requirement after project intervention (kg)
Maize 23 8 31 6
Wheat 35 10 45 52
Barley 15 4 19 14
Mash 20 5 25 4
Rajmash 25 9 34 22
Total 118 36 154 98
Presently 118 families are involved in agriculture production. After project intervention 36 additional families will be involved in agriculture (i.e 8 families in maize, 10 in wheat, 4 in Barley and Pluses 14 families). In total 154 families will be benefited after project intervention and the seed requirement for all these families will be 998 kg i.e. 69 kg seeds for maize, 525 kg for wheat, 144 kg for Barley and 260 kg seed of Pulses.
b) Skill development and capacity building of about 25 to 30 farmers from the Panchayat c) Encouragement towards organic farming and improving fertility of soils through
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear, and walnut etc. are grown .Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, beans, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income. P4.071 Prevalent Farming Practices under Horticulture
P 4.074 Marketing a) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli, Shimla market and Apple are sold at
Dhalli, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
P4.075 Project Interventions a) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. b) Vegetable collection centre. c) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. d) Farm based enterprises e) Irrigation through moisture conservation measures f) Drip irrigation Sprinkler g) Vegetable seed production area
P 4.075a Proposed fruit crop intervention in the Project Area Apple
Sr. No.
Name of ward No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha)
Amount(RS)
1 Bagna 49 980 28 24500
2 Kalwan 48 960 27 24000
3 Basadhar 34 680 19 17000
4 Baroth 43 860 24 21500
5 Chakhna 59 1180 33 29500
Total 233 4660 131 1,16,500 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Pear
Sr. No.
Name of ward No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha)
Amount(RS)
1 Bagna 49 735 18 8820
2 Kalwan 48 720 18 8640
3 Basadhar 34 510 12 6120
4 Baroth 43 645 16 7740
5 Chakhna 59 885 22 10620
Total 233 3495 86 41,940 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of plant for each crop has been determined by the total number of plants x Bigha i. e apple 35 plant /bigha and pear 40/bigha.
P 4.075b Requirement of Improved Vegetable Seed in Project Area
Crops Seed requirement Quantity (Kg)
Project contribution with 10% seed replacement
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Cabbage 9.250 0.920 18400
Beans 900 90 43200
Peas 920 92 7360
Cauliflower 1.400 0.140 5600
Potato 7500 750 90000
Capsicum 0.600 0.060 3300
Tomato 0.840 0.084 3360
Total 13985 1,71,220 The quantity of seed for each vegetable crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bigha with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Cabbage (50 gm), Beans (6 kg), Peas (8 kg),Cauliflower(50 gm), Potato (150 kg), Capsicum (30 gm), Tomato(20 gm) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local
varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 2 years. This seed may be given as samples among the beneficiaries for development and demonstration units
P 4.076 Impact/Project Outcome
1. Skill development /capacity building of 76 farmers 2. Cropping pattern changed. Area under vegetable increased (44 bighas) 3. Farming systems changed. Areas under fruit crops increased (30 bighas) 4. Production of fruit and vegetable from the areas enhanced 5. Livelihood of 43 more farming families linked with horticulture
Animal rearing is the second important activity for livelihood along with Agriculture. Animals are reared by farmers mainly for milk, FYM, Milch animals are local as well as improved. Hence milk production is low. P 4.081 Milk Production and fodder requirement Total numbers of milching cattle in the panchayat are 270 and average production of milk per day is 2.5 lt from local cows, 5.0 lt from jersey cows and 3.5 lt from buffaloes per day. The total milk production/day is 892 lt for different species.
P 4.081a Average and Total milk production
Milch cattle Number Average milk production lt./day
Total production (lt.)
Buffaloes 10 3.5 35
Cow(Local) 177 2.5 442
Cow (improved) 83 5 415
Total 270 892
P 4.082 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons) Green fodder available in project area is 3555 tons whereas dry fodder available is 2133 ton. Total 5688 ton fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 8532 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 2844 ton. Total fodder required is 11376 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 4977 ton. and that of dry fodder is 711 tons. P 4.082a Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
Green - 25kg/day x 30 days x 6months x Total live stock Dry -15 kg/day x 30days x 6months x Total live stock
Required Fodder: Green -30kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock Dry -10kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
P 4.082b Gap between Demand and supply of total Fodder
Particulars Fodder (tons)
Supply 5688
Demand 11376
Deficit 5688
P 4.083 Project interventions Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands Training/Capacity building
a) Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses
Species: Tree: Buel, Ban, Robinia
Grasses: Berseem, Orchard grass, Napier etc.
P 4.083a Requirement of fodder trees and grasses in wards
Name of Ward
Fodder Trees Estimated Budget(Rs)
Grasses Estimated Budget(Rs)
Area (ha.)
No. of Plants
Area (ha.)
Quantity of seeds (kg)
Bagna 2 2200 40000 2 70 8400
Kalwan 1 1100 20000 1.5 53 6360
Basadhar 1 1100 20000 1 35 4200
Baroth 2 2200 40000 2 70 8400
Chakhna 1 1100 20000 1.5 53 6360
Total 7 7700 1,40,000 8 281 33,720
b) Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands c) Training and Capacity Building
Live stock management
Animal Health
Artificial insemination
Improved grasses / Fodder trees Exposure visits
Number of Training
Four trainings with 5-7 farmers in each trainings
Exposure visits for 5-7 farmers
P 4.084 Project outcome/impact
P 4.084a Estimated production of milk after project intervention Milk production after project intervention will increase to 4.6 lt. /day and total production of milk after project intervention will be 1245.5 liters.
P 4.084b Milk production from cows and buffaloes
Milch cattle No. Milk production lt./day
Total production (lt.)
Buffaloes 10 4.5 45
Cow(Local) 177 3.5 619.5
Cow (improved) 83 7 581
Total 270 1245.5
P 4.084c Total milk production before and after project intervention.
Increase in milk production is 353.5 lt. with total production of 1245.5 lt.
Milch cattle Before project (lt.) After project (lt.) Increase after project
Fisheries can be one of the additional source of income to the farmers of the watershed area, but due to the lack of fresh water, the people enable to take up this activity as a source of income. Secondly the people of the watershed area is practicing agriculture, horticulture and vegetable cultivation which is giving good returns to the farmers. Hence fish cultivation cannot suggest for the watershed areas of the theog block. P 4.09a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common No Size (ft) location No Size (ft) Location
1 Nil NIl Nil Nil Nil Nil
2 Nil NIl Nil Nil Nil Nil
P 4.09ab Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
The panchayat area falls in the rain fed area. Water resources are very limited which has been taped fully by the local people for drinking and irrigation purposes. In earlier days there were water bodies (Bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and transect- walk of the water shed area source some of fact regarding drinking water come up.
Dried up of the water bawaries due to the climate change.
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in population.
Less care of maintenance of water bodies, which is due to the habit of tap water provided at door step provided by the IPH department, lifted from Giri River.
Less percolation for the existing Bawaries due to less range and drying up of Johar at the watershed area
Presently people take the water through taps, which is provided in alternative days. P4.101 Availability of water in the panchayat P 4.101a Availability of water before and project interventions
Sr. No
Particulars Capacity (Lt)
Present After Project intervention
1 Total supply of water per day 105800 196100
2 Total House holds 233 233
3 Total population 1125 1125
4 Water Available per house hold per day 454 841
5 Per capita Availability 94 174
P 4.102 Status of Drinking water in different wards of Panchayat
P 4.102a Structure, water availability on daily and monthly basis Ward/ Village
Name of Structure Availability of water /day from the source
P4.11 SOIL CONSERVATION The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Heavy and uncontrolled grazing
Deforestation in the watershed areas
Construction of roads and dumping of debris along Nala side
Cutting of bushes and hedges by local people for fuel and fodder purpose
Lake of physical and bio logical structures, which facilitate water conservation
Excessive use of cultivated land for Veg. purpose. P4.110 To check soil erosion, following interventions are recommendation
Construction of check dams from top to bottom to minimize the flow of water.
Construction of crate walls to sloppy land sliding area.
Construction of Contour and trenches to check soil erosion.
Proper bunding on the cultivated lands by planting grasses
Biological/vegetative engineering measures along the slope land P 4.111 Various structure are required to be constructed at different location for
checking soil erosion
P 4.111a Structure with number of beneficiaries Activity Ward
Name Location Proposed
(No) Families Benefited
Size(m) Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Dry Check Dam
Bagna Johnawag Nala 2 15 4x2x1 7200
Ser Nala 2 6 4x2x1 7200 Kalawan Timba Nala 2 7 4x2x1 7200 Basadhar Dasheya 2 10 4x2x1 7200 Total Cost 8 38 28,800
Soil conservation work includes formation of dry check dams/gully plugging,. In this panchayat total 8 dry check dams will be constructed which will benefit 38 families of the area. Vegetative Measure: Various types of trees (Robinia,kenth), Shrubs (|Berbris, Ruses) and grasses (Chrysopogon falues, Cynodon dactylon, Napier etc.) can be grown in the areas prone to soil erosion. Fodder grasses like Napier grass can be used on farm bunds. For demonstration in each panchayat about 10,000 cuttings could be planted/ distributed to farmers. Outcome
P4.12 CONVERGENCE The linkage of the IWMP-IV Basadhar with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of identifying different activities under the IWMP and their association with other activities of different line departments can be assured through convergence. This is the best tool to derive support from different line departments.
The following activities can be converged from one head to another:
Developmental activities like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY, PWD, IPH and MNREGA program
Employment Generation with MNREGA programme run by Rural Development Department
To improve productivity, distribution of improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be converged with State Agriculture Department under Pandit Dindayal Krishi Yojna
Construction of poly houses and vegetable Collection Centres at watershed level can be constructed under the Horticulture Technology Mission run by Department of Horticulture
Income generating activities and micro-enterprises with rural employment programme, Prime Minster Employment Generation Programme. Self –Employment Schemes etc.
Diary development and sheep-goats rearing for the resource less people under Dudh Ganga Pariyojana run by the Animal Husbandry Department
Table : Activity/ work to be taken other programme/scheme Sr.No
P4.13 MICRO ENTERPRISES Income generating activity reported in the watershed areas are carpentry, masonry, shoe making and weavers, diary, poultry, sheep and goats rearing, pattal and basket making etc,. These income generating activities can transform the rural poor, if they have given more opportunities in the form of trainings, equipments and machine etc., cutting and tailoring, achar making, jam, jelly, candy and juices making can be other options for rural women to improve their socio-economic conditions. The skills of local artisans can be improved by providing more opportunities at their door steps. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, the following activities will be taken up under watershed programme for farmers.
P4.131 Income enhancement and employment generation through different income generating activities
P4.131a Number of households with activities and income
Sr. No
Activity Existing No. of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Carpentry 10 10 120000/600 180000/900
2 Black Smith 1 1 1500/30 3000/60
3 Masonry 2 2 36000/180 96000/240
4 Vermin - 13 - 78000/910
5 Dairy farming - 3 - 75600/630
6 Seed Village Concept
- 5 - New concept
7 Horticulture Nursery
- 3 - New Concept
The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which will be verified during the implementation by the PIA.
Note: Target for 3rd
and 4th
year
P 4.132 Activity Wise Projects 1. Carpentry
a. Purpose : Livelihood/ Enhancement of income b. Category : SC/ IRDP c. No. of families involved : 10 d. Project intervention
i. Training ii. Tools and equipments
Outcomes of Projects
Present income/mandays(Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
120000/600 180000/900 Machine plainer and training.
P4.14 LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS The land resource is the primary and major source of livelihood activities in the watershed area. These natural resources can be used properly by adopting integrated farming system to get more return per unit space per unit time. Area is suitable for the cultivation of apple, pear, pomegranate and walnut. These fruits plants can be integrated with agriculture and animal’s husbandry to increase the productivity of land. The shortage of fodder leads farmers to rear only local breeds of animals that are too for self consumption of milk and farm yard manure. This shortage of fodder can be overcome by introducing multipurpose tree species. Other option of livelihood is the revival of rural artisans and for this best options with the rural artisans are carpenter, masonry, weaving, crafting and shoe making. The rural poor can earn good amount of money from these professions. These are some of important income generating activities need to be introduced in the watershed area. There is a dire need to aware, motivate and trained the local poor artisans. These artisans should be provided with equipments to earn their livelihood and to improve their socio economic conditions.
P4.141 Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Sr. No.
Category wise Total No. of household
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 195 Agriculture +horticulture +animal husbandry + micro enterprises
2 SC 38 Agriculture
3 ST and OBC - Agriculture
4 BPL 76 Agriculture and labourers
P4.142 AGRICULTURE
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of days/year food grain sufficiently at home per family
4 months 5 months
2 Average production from agriculture 5.8 qt/family 6.5 Q
3 Income from agriculture Self consumption
Self consumption
4 No. of families who want to increase areas (all crops in agriculture combined)
To implement watershed activities more effectively skill development and capacity building at Panchayat level is very important. The activities proposed are given below :
P4.151 Modules
P4.151a Awareness Camps
Will be organized at Panchayat level P4.151b Training:
Training will be organized at
Block level
DRDA level
Institutional level P4.151c Exposure Visits:
Exposure visits will be conducted at University/ Institutions /Field
P4.151d Special Trainings will be organized in the professional institutes
P4.152 Activities with number of participants
P4.152a Target groups and location of programme
Target group No. of participants
Activity Location
Member of Gram Shabha
All Awareness camps Panchayat level
PRI, VLI Members 10 Watershed Implementation and management Block level
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
3 to 5/panchayat
Water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and micro enterprises etc.
Block level (One trainings for such activities)
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
1 to 2 / ward/ panchayat
Kissan Melas/ Pradashanis State/Outside State
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
2 to 3/ activity/ panchayat
Specialized trainings (Mushroom production, floriculture, fruit crops, nursery raising techniques, dairy development, poultry farming, goat breeding, cereals crops, agriculture and insect-pest management etc.
Professional Institutes / University
PIAs, WDTs members
10 Project implementation and management trainings, report writing and accounts maintenance
DRDA level
The capacity building of farmers and youth in the watershed areas can also be done
under the micro enterprises and livelihood through Industrial Training Institute (ITI) occupation\trades as well as other entrepreneurs programmes which provide self-employment or wage employment within the watershed areas.
Action Plan for IWMP-IV Theog Name of the State : Himachal Pradesh Name of the District :Shimla Name of Block :Theog Name of Panchayat :Basadhar Total Area in Hectare :813 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount :Rs.1,21,95,000 Total Village- : 05
Located at an altitude of 6218 feet above mean sea level Gram Panchayat Basadhar comprises the total area of 813 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 121.95 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 1125 out of which 195 families are of general, 38 families are of scheduled caste. In total 105 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including convergence existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 5218 m3 with total cost of Rs 70,48,100 which will irrigate 28.71 hac area of the panchayat.
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 102 bigha. In total 998 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 8460 and 24 vermicompost units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 1,68,000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 30-35 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 9320 Plants of apple and 6990 plant of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 3,16,880. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 3,42,440 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 4 pollyhouse and 5 seed village concept will be demonstrated the Rs. 5,00,000 and 6,25,000 has been earmarked for the purpose. Total numbers of animals in the panchayat are 1257 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 7700 plants of fodder and 281 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 1,40,000. and Rs 33,720 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area. 13 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 105800 lt with cost estimate of Rs 4,12,000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 94 lt to 174 lt after project.
Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 28,800 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro-enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are rural artisans making, carpentry, masonary, black smith, and vermicompost. A total of Rs 7,31,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools.
Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs.4,87,800), water harvesting structures (Rs.70,48,100, agriculture development (Rs.1,76,460), horticulture development (Rs.16,79,320), animal husbandry (Rs.1,73,720), drinking water (Rs 4,12,000), Soil conservation (Rs 28,800), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 7,31,000) and capacity building (Rs 39,750)
Annexure -1 Water harvesting Target for 3rd year Existing and Proposed water harvesting structures in Basadhar Panchayats of IWMP IV Theog are presented as under GRAM PANCHAYAT Basadhar
Ward Activity Existing No.
Proposed No.
Location GIS coordinates Benefited Families
Size (mt)
Estimated Cost (Rs.) Latitude Longitude Altitude
Bagna Kachha talab
1 1 Naleha Kuffer 31°00.712 77°26.650 5222 All 10x8x2 39200
1 Bagna ( Nr. School)
31°00.410 77°26.415 5225 All 10x8x2 39200
1 Jonavag 31°00.422 77°26.460 5232 All 8x8x2 39200
1 Kaleha ka Johar 31°00.732 77°26.611 5231 16 8x8x2 39200
1 Solana 31°00.499 77°26.370 5161 10 8x8x2 39200
1 Upper Bor 31°00.410 77°26.403 5110 10 8x8x2 39200
1 Ser 31°00.622 77°26.685 5160 10 8x8x2 39200
Kalawan 2 1 Panehar ki nail 31°00.315 77°26.813 5162 All 10x8x2 39200
1 Shila Bagh 31°00.375 77°26.899 5160 All 10x8x2 36700
1 Mashrot 31°00.315 77°26.836 5155 All 8x6x2 36700
1 Machevli ki Dhar 31°00.412 77°26.810 5149 All 8x6x2 36700
1 Lower Kuffer 31°00.422 77°26.801 5140 All 8x6x2 36700
basadhar 1 Devthal 31°00.180 77°27.333 5249 All 10x8x2 36700
1 Tikkri munda 31°00.157 77°27.301 5252 All 10x8x2 36700
1 Gana 31°00.187 77°27.320 5252 All 10x8x2 36700
1 Bakheila 31°00.199 77°27.307 5259 All 8x6x2 22500
P 7.01 INTRODUCTION AND BUDGET P7.01a Introduction
Watershed : IWMP- Theog –IV Gram panchayat : Kamaha Ward : Sanai Panchayat Area : 532 ha Area to be treated : 238 ha Amount : 35.70 lacs
Gram Panchayat Kamaha is located at 28 km distance from the Block headquarter, Theog. The total Geographical area of the panchayat is 532 hectare out of which 238 hectare is treatable. The sanai ward is situated at 31006.489 latitude and 77025.206 longitudes. The height of Gram Panchayat Kamaha is 6059 feet from above mean sea level. The Panchayat is covered with GP. Sainj, kyar, Ghoond and Basa-Theog. The catchment area of watershed is Mohari khad and Giri. The total population of the Panchayat is 1271 covering five wards.
P7.01b BUDGET (Descriptions Ward) Sr. No. Budget Component % of the budget Amount (lacs)
1 Administrative cost Monitoring Evaluation
10 01 01
3.570 0.357 0.357
2 Preparatory Phase Entry point activities Institution & capacity building Detailed Project Report (DPR)
04 05 01
1.428 1.785 0.357
3 Watershed Works Phase Watershed Development Works Livelihood activities for the asset less persons Production system & micro enterprises
50 10 13
17.85 3.570 4.641
4 Consolidation phase 05 1.785
Total 100 35.70
P7.01c Methodology A. District level
c. Collection of data at district level ii. DRDA and Line department
d. Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments B. Block level
d. Data collection e. One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and panchayat sahayak at block
level f. Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal
husbandry department C. Panchayat Level
f. General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Samiti, Pradhan and Ward members
g. Collection of revenue data from Patwari h. Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary i. Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks j. Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
P 7.02 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA P7.021 Socio economic profile of panchayat
Total families of the Panchayat : 269 Total families of the ward(Sanai) : 57 Total population of the Panchayat : 1271 Total population of the ward (sanai) : 254 General families : 224(Population=1081) Total general families of ward(Sanai) : 35(Population=158) Schedule caste families : 45(Population=190) Total schedule caste families of ward(Sanai) : 22(Population=96)
P 7.021a Population in different categories (ward wise)
Name of ward
General Families SC Families
No of families
Male Female Total No of families
Male Female Total
Karayli 56 138 128 366 02 03 05 08
Palana 41 97 91 188 - - - -
Kamaha (Basamol)
49 87 94 181 15 34 27 61
Bagain 43 101 87 188 06 10 15 25
Sanai
35 78 80 158 22 47 49 96
Total 224 501 480 1081 45 94 96 190 Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat
Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 7.022 BPL Families Total BPL Families : 63 Total Antoyodaya Families : 39
P 7.022a Population of BPL and Antoyodaya families (ward wise) Name of Ward General Families SC Families
BPL Antoyodaya BPL Antoyodaya
Karayli 8 5 1 1
Palana 9 6 - -
Kamaha (Basamol) 13 8 5 2
Bagain 9 7 2 1
Sanai
8 6 8 5
Total 47 32 16 7 Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 7.023 Land use pattern The total land of Kamaha panchayat is 532 hectare and whole area is rainfed. The cultivated land is 156 hectare under different farming system i.e. agriculture, horticulture and vegetables. The rest of area is under pasture, ghasni and forests etc. The barren is 33 hectare.
P7.023a Areas (ha) of panchayat (village wise) under different land use systems
Sr. No.
Name of village
Total land
Irrigated Un irrigated
Agri. Horti. Veg. Barren Pasture Ghasni Forest Other
1 Sanai 18 - 5 5 2 5 2 2 5 - 2
2. Koon 109 - 9 9 5 9 2 1 57 28 7
3 Vasahat Palana
67 - 5 5 3 5 1 9 42 - 7
4 Thout 23 - 1 1 1 1 3 4 7 6 1
5 Vasahat Parala
13 4 0 4 3 4 1 2 2 - 1
6 Dallhour 8 - 2 3 - 3 - - 3 - 2
Total Area of Sanai Ward
238 4 22 27 14 27 9 18 116 34 20
7 Bagain 77 - 77 21 10 11 5 2 29 18 2
8 Palana 66 - 66 20 11 9 4 - 12 28 1
9 Kamaha 53 - 53 15 8 7 6 - 10 20 2
10 Basmol 98 - 98 20 9 11 9 - 28 31 10
Total 294 294 76 38 38 24 2 79 97 16
Grand Total 532 4 316 103 52 65 33 20 195 131 36 Source: Revenue Patwari
P 7.024 Status of Livestock The animal rearing is the integrated part of farming system in the watershed area. The major animals are cows (local and improved), buffaloes, sheep, goats etc. The people face acute problem of fodder and drinking water for these animals during the stress period. The details of livestock reared by the people in Kamaha panchayat are given below:
P7.024a Number of milch and dry cows (Local and improved) and Buffaloes
A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /programmes as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out.
P7.031 Strengths of the watershed area Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of Vegetable crops
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available.
People are well versed with animal husbandry.
Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
P7.032 Weaknesses Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
1Hailstorm prone area.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation. Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs
to be reconsidered.
P7.033 Opportunities Introduction of organic farming
Roof water harvesting
Training to the farmers on horticulture management, floriculture, poultry and mushroom production etc.
Revival of Mahila Mandals and SHGs which are dysfunctional presently
Installation of vegetable collection centre at ward/panchayat level
Introduction of crossbred animals
P7 .034 Threats Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
Soil erosion in the sloppy lands.
Unscientific farming practices.
Deforestation.
Declining of the traditional artisans. Social distress.
Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities. Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise as given below. P 7.041 Entry point activities suggested at different locations of watershed
Ward Activity
Location Beneficiaries No.
Cost (Rs)
Purpose /use
Sanai Fruit / vegetable collection centre
Sanai All Ward 1,42,800 To store the vegetable and fruits during the season
The main sources of irrigation in the gram Panchayat are Tallab, Dam, tanks and water schemes. The most of the cultivated area is rainfed. The existing water resources are drying due to climatic change. The people face acute problem of water during stress period, specifically for the irrigation of vegetable crops etc. P 7.051 Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity
Name of structure
Number of structure
Capacity (m3) Project intervention
No. of beneficiaries
Old New Old New Old New Old New
Kachha talab
1 1 40 160 40 160 40 45
Roof water harvesting
- 4 - 72 - 72 - 45
Tanks 26 7 260 504 260 504 40 45
Total 27 12 300 736 300 736 40 45
P 7.051a WATER BODIES /WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES Work Name
of the Ward
Existing No.
Proposed number
Location No.of Beneficiaries
Dimension (m)
Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Kachha Talab
Sanai 1 Thout II Villages 10x8x2 62500
Total 1 62,500
Roof Water
Sanai 1 Baginal 3 3x3x2 57000
1 Koon 3 3x3x2 57000
1 Basahat-I 3 3x3x2 57000
1 Basahat-II 3 3x3x2 57000
Total 4 2,28,000
Tank Sanai 26 1 Dalohar 6 5x4x2 82000
1 Baginal 4 5x4x2 82000
1 Koon 10 5x4x2 164000
1 Sagoth 2 5x4x2 82000
1 Khol 17 8x6x2 164000
1 Bhasahat 15 8x6x2 164000
1 Sanai 8 8x6x2 164000
Total 7 9,02,000
P7.051b Storage capacity and cost of new water harvesting structures under watershed programme and convergence
P7.051d Total Storage Capacity of Existing and New structures
Scheme Existing structures (m3)
New structures (m3)
Total capacity (m3)
Watershed 300 736 1036
Convergence
Total Capacity 300 736 1036
P7.052 Budget
Scheme Existing structures (Rs) New structures (Rs) Total (Rs)
Watershed - 1192500 1192500
Convergence - - -
Total Capacity - 11,92,500 11,92,500
P7.053 Total storage capacity and cost through watershed and convergence
programme
Particulars Capacity (m3) Cost (Rs)
Watershed 1036 1192500
Convergence -
Total 1036 11,92,500
Presently, if all the existing watershed structures are renovated, this will enhance storage capacity to 1036 (m
3) with cost estimate of Rs. 11,92,500
(Total water harvesting potential Storage capacity (watershed) + storage capacity (convergence) =1036 cu.lt Area to be irrigated under watershed programme =5.18 ha Note : Total area is calculated by dividing total water available under watershed with depth of irrigation
The main agricultural crops grown in the Panchayat wheat, Barley, maize, among cereal crops rajmash and Mash among pulses. The productivity of crop was observed very low due to rainfed condition. This can be increased through increase in irrigation facilities and latest technology. Part 7.061 Prevalent Farming System under Agriculture
The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Maize (30 x 3),wheat (21x15), Barely (12x12)Pulses Urad(12x4) and Rajmash (20x10) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 percent replacement rate each year for two years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries.
P 7.063 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Improved seed varieties not adequately used.
P7.064 Marketing
Not sold used only for self consumption
P7.065 Project Interventions f) Introduction of improved seed
Improved seed of maize, wheat and pulses will be introduced as demonstration units
g) Introduction of vermin-composting: Twenty units will be developed as
demonstration, in each village of the panchayat. For better and productive utilization of FYM vermin composting is being recommended.
Ward Name No. of Units Budget
Sanai 5 35000 Note : target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Unit Dimension= 3mx1.8mx.45m
Vermicompost rate - 7000 /unit
Item Budget estimate cost (Rs) Contribution Total
Project Beneficiaries
Seed 2495 2495 250
Vermicompost 35000 35000 3500
Total 37495 37495 3750
h) Human Resource Development (HRD)/ Capacity Building and training in
Agriculture
Training on cultivation practices of various agriculture crops.
j) Exposure visit One exposure visit of 30 -40 farmers
P 7.066 Project Impact a)
Crops Existing families
Addition in families
Total families after project interventions
Seed requirement after project intervention (kg)
Maize 48 3 51 153
Wheat 28 6 34 510
Barely 15 8 23 276
Urad 35 10 45 180
Rajmash 40 7 47 470
Presently 166 families are involved in agriculture production. After project intervention 34 additional families will be involved in agriculture (i.e 51 families in maize, wheat 34, barely 23 and Pluses 92 families). In total 200 families will be benefited after project intervention and the seed requirement for all these families will be 1589 kg i.e. 153 kg seeds for maize , 510 kg wheat,276 kg barely and 650 kg seed of Pulses respectably. b) Skill development and capacity building of about 25 to 30 farmers from the Panchayat c) Encouragement towards organic farming and improving fertility of soils through vermin
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear, and walnut etc. are grown .Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, beans, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income. P7.071 Prevalent Farming Practices under Horticulture
P 7.074 Marketing b) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli, Shimla market and Apple are sold at
Dhalli, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
P7.075 Project Interventions h) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. i) Vegetable collection centre. j) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. k) Farm based enterprises l) Irrigation through moisture conservation measures m) Drip irrigation Sprinkler n) Vegetable seed production area
P 7.075a Proposed fruit crop intervention in the Project Area Apple
Sr. No.
Name of ward No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha)
Amount(RS)
1 Sanai 57 1140 33 28500
Total 57 1140 33 28,500 Note : target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Pear
Sr. No.
Name of ward No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha)
Amount(RS)
1 Sanai 57 855 21 10260
Total 57 855 21 10,260 Note : target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of plant for each crop has been determined by the total number of plants x Bigha i. e apple 35 plant /bigha and pear 40/bigha. P 7.075b Requirement of Improved Vegetable Seed in Project Area
Crops Seed requirement Quantity (Kg)
Project contribution with 10% seed replacement (kg)
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Cabbage 3 0.300 6000
Beans 396 40 19200
Peas 536 54 4320
Cauliflower 3.350 0.335 13400
Capsicum 1.410 0.141 7755
Tomato 1.400 0.140 4200
Total 940.9 94.916 54,875 Note : Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each vegetable crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bigha with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Cabbage (300 gm), Beans (40 kg), Peas (54 kg), Cauliflower (335 gm),Capsicum (141 gm), tomato(140) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 2 years. This seed may be given as samples among the beneficiaries for development and demonstration units
6. Skill development /capacity building of 76 farmers 7. Cropping pattern changed. Area under vegetable increased (44 bighas) 8. Farming systems changed. Areas under fruit crops increased (30 bighas) 9. Production of fruit and vegetable from the areas enhanced 10. Livelihood of 43 more farming families linked with horticulture 11.
Species Existing families Addition in families Total families after project intervention
Fruits
Apple - 57 57
Pear - 57 57
Vegetables
Cabbage 40 8 48
Beans 43 7 50
Peas 43 9 52
Cauliflower 42 10 52
Capsicum 35 10 45
Tomato 38 12 50
Poly house Demonstration unit for low volume high value crops of vegetable, floriculture and MIS Ward Location No. Size Cost (Rs.)
Sanai Basahat Check parala 1 100m2 1,25,000
Thout,Khol 2 100m2 250000
Total 3 3,75,000 Note : target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Before introducing the Poly House at ward level PIA will be authorized to decide the location and beneficiaries.
Animal rearing is the second important activity for livelihood along with Agriculture. Animals are reared by farmers mainly for milk, FYM, Milch animals are local as well as improved. Hence milk production is low. P 7.081 Milk Production and fodder requirement Total numbers of milching cattle in the Sanai ward are 390 and average production of milk per day is 3 lt from local cows, 6 lt from jersey cows. The total milk production/day is 510 lt for different species. P .081a Average and Total milk production
Milch cattle Number Average milk production lt./day
Total production (lt.)
Cow(Local) 70 3 210
Cow (improved) 50 6 300
Total 120 9 510
P 7.082 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons) Green fodder available in project area is 1755 tons whereas dry fodder available is 1053 ton. Total 2808 ton. Fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 4212 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 1404 ton. Total fodder required is 5967 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 2457 ton. and that of dry fodder is 351 tons. P 7.082a Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
Green - 25kg/day x 30 days x 6months x Total live stock Dry -15 kg/day x 30days x 6months x Total live stock
Required Fodder: Green -30kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
Dry -10kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
P 7.082b Gap between Demand and supply of total Fodder
Particulars Fodder (tons)
Supply 2808
Demand 5616
Deficit 2808
P 7.083 Project interventions Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands Training/Capacity building
d) Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses
Species: Tree: Buel, morus and Robinia
Grasses: Berseem, Orchard grass, Napier etc.
P 7.083a Requirement of fodder trees and grasses in wards
Name of Ward
Fodder Trees Estimated Budget(Rs)
Grasses Estimated Budget(Rs)
Area (ha.)
No. of Plants
Area (ha.)
Quantity of seeds (kg)
Sanai 1.5 1650 30,000 2 70 8400
Total 1.5 1650 30,000 2 70 8,400 Note : Target for 4
th year
e) Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands f) Training and Capacity Building
Live stock management
Animal Health
Artificial insemination
Improved grasses / Fodder trees Exposure visits
Number of Training
Four trainings with 5-7 farmers in each trainings
Exposure visits for 5-7 farmers
P 7.084 Project outcome/impact P 7.084a Estimated production of milk after project intervention
Milk production after project intervention will increase to 5.7 lt. /day and total production of milk after project intervention will be 680 liters. P 7.084b Milk production from cows and buffaloes
Milch cattle No. Milk production lt./day
Total production (lt.)
Cow(Local) 70 4 280
Cow (improved) 50 8 400
Total 120 680
P 7.084c Total milk production before and after project intervention. Increase in milk production is 170 lt. with total production of 680 lt.
Milch cattle Before project (lt.) After project (lt.) Increase after project
P 7.09 FISHERY Fisheries can be one of the additional source of income to the farmers of the watershed area, but due to the lack of fresh water, the people unable to take up this activity as a source of income. Secondly the people of the watershed area is practicing agriculture, horticulture and vegetable cultivation which is giving good returns to the farmers . Hence fish cultivation cannot be suggested for the watershed areas of the theog block. P 7.09a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common No Size (ft) location No Size (ft) Location
1 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
2 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
P 7.09ab Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
The panchayat area falls in the rain fed area. Water resources are very limited which has been taped fully by the local people for drinking and irrigation purposes. In earlier days there were water bodies (Bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and transect- walk of the water shed area source some of fact regarding drinking water come up7
Dried up of the water bawaries due to the climate change.
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in population.
Less care of maintenance of water bodies, which is due to the habit of tap water provided at door step provided by the IPH department, lifted from Giri River.
Less percolation for the existing Bawaries due to less range and drying up of Johar at the watershed area
Presently people take the water through taps, which is provided in alternative days.
P7.101 Availability of water in the panchayat P7.101a Availability of water before and project interventions
Sr. No
Particulars Capacity (lt)
Present After Project intervention
1 Total supply of water per day 12200 35600
2 Total House holds 57 57
3 Total population 254 254
4 Water Available per house hold per day 214 625
5 Per capita Availability 57 lt 140 lt
P7.102 Status of Drinking water in different wards of Panchayat
P7.102a Structure, water availability on daily and monthly basis Ward/Village Name of Structure Availability
of water /day from the source
No. of months water available during the year
Tap/ WST Handpump Ponds Bawaries
No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity
Sanai 1 8000 - - - - 12 9600 6 months/year
Total 1 8000 12 9600
P7.102b Structure with number of beneficiaries and dimensions. Work Name
P7.103 Storage capacity and availability of water from existing structures Sr. No.
Collecting structures
Storage capacity(lt)
Availability of water/ day from the source(lt)
No. of months water available during the year
1 Well - - 6 Months
2 WST/Tap 8000 6000 4-5 Months After the Interval of three days
3 Bawaries 9600 6200 6-7 Months
Total 17600 12200
P7.104 Proposed activities for increase in the water capacity/ availability
through renovation/new construction of structure P7.104a Size, location, capacity of structures with beneficiaries Structure Size (m) Location Capacity (lt) Benefited families
Old New Old New Old
After intervention (lt) Old New
Handpump
As per annexure
- All All
Bawaries 6200 9600 All All
WST/Taps 6000 26000 All All
Total 35600
P7.105 Critical Gaps to be covered (item/activity)
Irregular supply of drinking water
Improper drainage of the catchment area to the ponds
P7.11 SOIL CONSERVATION The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Heavy and uncontrolled grazing
Deforestation in the watershed areas
Construction of roads and dumping of debris along Nala side
Cutting of bushes and hedges by local people for fuel and fodder purpose
Lake of physical and bio logical structures, which facilitate water conservation
Excessive use of cultivated land for Veg. purpose.
P7.110 To check soil erosion, following interventions are recommendation
Construction of check dams from top to bottom to minimize the flow of water.
Construction of crate walls to sloppy land sliding area.
Construction of Contour and trenches to check soil erosion.
Proper bunding on the cultivated lands by planting grasses
Biological/vegetative engineering measures along the slope land
P7.111 Various structure are required to be constructed at different location for
checking soil erosion P7.111a Structure with number of beneficiaries
Activity Ward Name
Location Proposed (No)
Families Benefited
Size(m) Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Crate wall Sanai Khol 44 All 4x2x1 242000
Basahat parala 32 All 4x2x1 176000
Koon 8 All 4x2x1 44000
Total 84 4,62,000
Soil conservation work includes formation of crate walls. In this panchayat total 84 crate walls will be constructed which will benefit all families of the area. Vegetative Measure: Various types of trees (Robinia,kenth), Shrubs (|Berbris, Ruses) and grasses (Chrysopogon falues, Cynodon dactylon, Napier etc.) can be grown in the areas prone to soil erosion. Fodder grasses like Napier grass can be used on farm bunds. For demonstration in each panchayat about 10,000 cuttings could be planted/ distributed to farmers. Outcome
P7.12 CONVERGENCE The linkage of the IWMP-IV, Kamaha with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of identifying different activities under the IWMP and their association with other activities of different line departments can be assured through convergence. This is the best tool to derive support from different line departments.
The following activities can be converged from one head to another:
Developmental activities like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY, PWD, IPH and MNREGA program
Employment Generation with MNREGA programme run by Rural Development Department
To improve productivity, distribution of improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be converged with State Agriculture Department under Pandit Dindayal Krishi Yojna
Construction of poly houses and vegetable Collection Centres at watershed level can be constructed under the Horticulture Technology Mission run by Department of Horticulture
Income generating activities and micro-enterprises with rural employment programme, Prime Minster Employment Generation Programme. Self –Employment Schemes etc.
Diary development and sheep-goats rearing for the resource less people under Dudh Ganga Pariyojana run by the Animal Husbandry Department
Table : Activity/ work to be taken other programme/scheme Sr.No. Activity
P7.13 MICRO ENTERPRISES Income generating activity reported in the watershed areas are carpentry, masonry, shoe making and weavers, diary, poultry, sheep and goats rearing, pattal and basket making etc,. These income generating activities can transform the rural poor, if they have given more opportunities in the form of trainings, equipments and machine etc., cutting and tailoring, achar making, jam, jelly, candy and juices making can be other options for rural women to improve their socio-economic conditions.
The skills of local artisans can be improved by providing more opportunities at their door steps. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, the following activities will be taken up under watershed programme for farmers.
P7.121 Income enhancement and employment generation through different income generating activities
P7 .121a Number of households with activities and income
Sr. No
Activity Existing No. of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Cutting & tailoring
- 1 Nil 4000/30
2 Goatry/sheep - 2 Self use 5000/Routine work
3 Vermin composting
- 7 Self use 42000/420
4 Seed village concept
- 2 - New concept
The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which will be verified during the implementation by the PIA. P7.122 Activity Wise Projects 1. Cutting &tailoring
e. Purpose : Livelihood/Enhancement of income f. Category : NSC g. No. of families involved : 1 h. Project Intervention
2. Goatry a. Purpose : Livelihood/Enhancement of income b. Category : SC c. No. of families involved : 2 d. Project Intervention
i. Training ii. Tools /equipment
Outcome of project
Present income/mandays (Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
Self use 5000/Routine work Pair of improved breeds
10,000
3. Vermin composting
a. Purpose : Livelihood/Enhancement of income b. Category : SC/BPL c. No. of families involved : 7 d. Project Intervention
i. Training ii. Tools /equipment
Outcome of project
Present income/mandays (Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
Self use 42000/420 Pits and verms 49,000
Introduction of seed village concept at ward level:
Ward Location No. Beneficiaries Cost(Rs.)
Sanai Koon 1 1,25,000
Khol 1 1,25,000
Total 2 2,50,000 Note: Seed of vegetable/floriculture will be produced at this location Before introducing the Seed village concept at ward level PIA will be authorized to decide the location and
P7 .14 LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS The land resource is the primary and major source of livelihood activities in the watershed area. These natural resources can be used properly by adopting integrated farming system to get more return per unit space per unit time. Area is suitable for the cultivation of apple, pear, pomegranate and walnut. These fruits plants can be integrated with agriculture and animal’s husbandry to increase the productivity of land. The shortage of fodder leads farmers to rear only local breeds of animals that are too for self consumption of milk and farm yard manure. This shortage of fodder can be overcome by introducing multipurpose tree species. Other option of livelihood is the revival of rural artisans and for this best options with the rural artisans are carpenter, masonry, weaving, crafting and shoe making. The rural poor can earn good amount of money from these professions. These are some of important income generating activities need to be introduced in the watershed area. There is a dire need to aware, motivate and trained the local poor artisans. These artisans should be provided with equipments to earn their livelihood and to improve their socio economic conditions.
P7 .141 Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Sr. No.
Category wise Total No. of household
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 35 Agriculture +horticulture +animal husbandry + micro enterprises
2 SC 22 Agriculture
3 ST and OBC - Agriculture
4 BPL 16 Agriculture and labourers
Total 73
P7 .142 AGRICULTURE
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of days/year food grain sufficiently at home per family
4 months 5 months
2 Average production from agriculture 5.8 qt/family 6.5 Q
3 Income from agriculture Self consumption Self consumption
4 No. of families who want to increase areas (all crops in agriculture combined)
55 57 (covering 3-10 families in each crop)
P7 .143 HORTICULTURE
P7 .143a Fruits production
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of households with orchards - 57
2 Area per household under horticulture (fruit trees)
To implement watershed activities more effectively skill development and capacity building at Panchayat level is very important. The activities proposed are given below:
P7 .151 Modules
P7 .151a Awareness Camps Will be organized at Panchayat level
P7 .151b Training: Training will be organized at
Block level
DRDA level
Institutional level
P7 .151c Exposure Visits: Exposure visits will be conducted at University/ Institutions /Field
P7 .151d Special Trainings will be organized in the professional institutes P7 .152 Activities with number of participants P7 .152a Target groups and location of programme
Target group No. of participants
Activity Location
Member of Gram Shabha
All Awareness camps Panchayat level
PRI, VLI Members 10 Watershed Implementation and management Block level
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
3 to 5/panchayat
Water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and micro enterprises etc.
Block level (One trainings for such activities)
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
1 to 2 / ward/ panchayat
Kissan Melas/ Pradashanis State/Outside State
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
2 to 3/ activity/ panchayat
Specialized trainings (Mushroom production, floriculture, fruit crops, nursery raising techniques, dairy development, poultry farming, goat breeding, cereals crops, agriculture and insect-pest management etc.
Professional Institutes / University
PIAs, WDTs members
10 Project implementation and management trainings, report writing and accounts maintenance
DRDA level
The capacity building of farmers and youth in the watershed areas can also be done
under the micro enterprises and livelihood through Industrial Training Institute (ITI) occupation\trades as well as other entrepreneurs programmes which provide self-employment or wage employment within the watershed areas.
Action Plan for IWMP-IV Theog Name of the State : Himachal Pradesh Name of the District : Shimla Name of Block :Theog Name of Panchayat : Kamaha Total Area in Hectare : 238 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount : Rs.35,70,000 Total Village : 10
Located at an altitude of 6059 ft. above mean sea level Gram Panchayat kamaha ward sanai comprises the total area of 238 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 35.70 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 254 out of which 35 families are of general, 22 families are of scheduled caste. In total 12 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 736 m3 with total cost of Rs 11,92,500 which will irrigate 5.18 hac area of the panchayat.
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 95 bigha. In total 797 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 4990 and 7 vermicomposting units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 35,000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 30-35 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 2280 Plants of apple and 1710 plants of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 77,520. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 1,09,750 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 3 pollyhouse and seed village concept will be demonstrated the Rs. 3,75,000 has been earmarked for the purpose. Total number of animals in the panchayat are 753 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 1650 plants of fodder and 70 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 30,000. and Rs 8400 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area. 3 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 17600 lt with cost estimate of Rs 97000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 57 lt to 140 lt after project. Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 4,62,000 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro- enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are rural artisans making, Goatry, and vermincompost farming. A total of Rs 63,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools.
Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs.1,42,800), water harvesting structures (Rs11,92,500), agriculture development (Rs.39,990), horticulture development(Rs 5,62,270), animal husbandry (Rs38,400), drinking water (Rs 97,000), soil conservation (Rs 4,62,000), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 3,13,000) and capacity building (Rs 1,78,500)
Annexure -1 Water harvesting Target for 3rd year Existing and Proposed water harvesting structures in Kamaha Panchayat of IWMP IV Theog are presented as under GRAM PANCHAYAT KAMAH
Gram panchayat : Kuthar Area : 1411 ha Amount : 211.65 lacs
Gram Panchayat Kuthar is located at 46 km distance from the Block headquarter, Theog. The total Geographical area of the panchayat is 1411 hectare. The Gram Panchayat is situated at 31000.332 latitude and 77025.050 longitudes. The height of Gram Panchayat of Kuthar is 4910 feet from above mean sea level. The Panchayat is covered with GP Ghorna, Mundu, Basadhar and Tikker. The catchment area watershed is Khabbar, kambal, Kishore, Kuthar, Shana and Lamba nalas. The total population of the Panchayat is 2469 covering seven wards.
P3.01b BUDGET
Sr. No. Budget Component % of the budget Amount (lacs)
1 Administrative cost Monitoring Evaluation
10 01 01
21.1650 2.1165 2.1165
2 Preparatory Phase Entry point activities Institution & capacity building Detailed Project Report (DPR)
04 05 01
8.4660
10.5825 2.1165
3 Watershed Works Phase Watershed Development Works Livelihood activities for the asset less persons Production system & micro enterprises
50 10 13
105.8250 21.1650 27.5145
4 Consolidation phase 05 10.5825
Total 100 211.6500
P3.01c Methodology A. District level
e. Collection of data at district level iii. DRDA and Line department
f. Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments B. Block level
g. Data collection h. One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and panchayat sahayak at block
level i. Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal
husbandry department C. Panchayat Level
k. General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Samiti, Pradhan and Ward members
l. Collection of revenue data from Patwari m. Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary n. Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks o. Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
P 3.02 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA P3.021 Socio economic profile of panchayat
Total families : 430 Total population of the Panchayat : 2469 General families : 252(population =1451) Schedule caste families : 178(population =1018)
P 3.021a Population in different categories (ward wise) Name of ward
General Families SC Families
No of families
Male Female Total No of families
Male Female Total
Deothi 28 83 82 165 14 46 41 87
Galana 23 65 73 138 0 0 0 0
Noli 25 66 65 131 42 98 127 225
Kishore 38 117 140 257 12 37 37 74
Punder 67 179 185 364 08 26 22 48
Veneha 38 99 100 199 29 84 74 158
Kuthar 33 101 96 197 73 225 201 426
Total 252 710 741 1451 178 516 502 1018 Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat
Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 3.022 BPL Families Total BPL Families : 108 Total Antoyodaya Families : 70
P 3.022a Population of BPL and Antoyodaya families (ward wise) Name of Ward General Families SC Families
BPL Antoyodaya BPL Antoyodaya
Deothi 10 9 6 3
Galana 0 0 0 0
Noli 5 3 4 1
Kishore 7 2 5 4
Punder 13 4 1 1
Veneha 12 8 9 8
Kuthar 12 6 24 21
Total 59 32 49 38 Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 3.023 Land use pattern The total land of Kuthar panchayat is 1411 hectare and whole area is rainfed. The cultivated land is 259 hectare under different farming system i.e. agriculture, horticulture and vegetables. The rest of area is under pasture, ghasni and forests etc. The barren is 36 hectare.
The animal rearing is the integrated part of farming system in the watershed area. The major animals are cows (local and improved), buffaloes, sheep, goats etc. The people face acute problem of fodder and drinking water for these animals during the stress period. The details of livestock reared by the people in Kuthar panchayat are given below:
P3.024a Number of milch and dry cows (Local and improved) and Buffaloes Name of Ward
P3.03 SWOT ANALYSIS A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /programmes as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out.
P3.031 Strengths of the watershed area Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of Vegetable crops
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available.
People are well versed with animal husbandry.
Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
P33.032 Weaknesses
Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
Hailstorm prone area.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation.
Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs to be reconsidered.
P3.033 Opportunities
Introduction of organic farming
Roof water harvesting
Training to the farmers on horticulture management, floriculture, poultry and mushroom production etc.
Revival of Mahila Mandals and SHGs which are dysfunctional presently
Installation of vegetable collection centre at ward/panchayat level
Introduction of crossbred animals
P3.034 Threats
Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities. Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise as given below. P 3.041 Entry point activities suggested at different locations of watershed
The main sources of irrigation in the gram Panchayat are Tallab , Dam, tanks and water schemes. The most of the cultivated area is rainfed. The existing water resources are drying due to climatic change. The people face acute problem of water during stress period, specifically for the irrigation of vegetable crops etc.
P 1.051 Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity Name of structure
Number of structure
Capacity ( m3) Project intervention
No. of beneficiaries
Old New Old New Old New Old New
Kachha talab
11 35 330 3752 330 3752 132 242
Roof water harvesting
- 32 - 576 - 576 - 160
Tanks 38 49 950 2224 950 2224 200 294
Dam 2 - 66 - 66 35 45
P 3.051a WATER BODIES /WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES Work Name of
Scheme Existing structures (Rs) New structures (Rs) Total (Rs)
Watershed - 8281900 8281900
Convergence - 164000 164000
Total Capacity - 8445900 84,45,900
P3.053 Total storage capacity and cost through watershed and convergence
programme
Particulars Capacity ( m3) Cost (Rs)
Watershed 7554 8281900
Convergence 80 164000
Total 7634 84,45,900
Presently, if all the existing watershed structures are renovated, this will enhance storage capacity to 7634 m
3 with cost estimate of Rs.84,45,900
(Total water harvesting potential Storage capacity (watershed) + storage capacity (convergence) =7634 m
3
Area to be irrigated under watershed programme =38.17 ha. Note : Total area is calculated by dividing total water available under watershed with depth of irrigation
The main agricultural crops grown in the Panchayat are wheat, Barley, maize, among cereal crops rajmash and Mash among pulses. The productivity of crop was observed very low due to rainfed condition. This can be increased through increase in irrigation facilities and latest technology. Part 3.061 Prevalent Farming System under Agriculture
P 3.062c Requirement of improved seed under different crops
Particulars Quantity Project contribution with 10% Seed replacement rate (Kg)
Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Cereals
Maize 75 7.5 150
Wheat 240 24.0 600
Barley 120 12.0 300
Pulses
Mash 40 4.0 360
Rajmash 120 12.0 900
Total 595 59.5 2310 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Maize (25 x 3), Wheat (16 x 15), Barley (10 x 12), Pulses mash(10x4) and Rajmash (12x10) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 percent replacement rate each year for two years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries. P 3.063 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Improved seed varieties not adequately used. P3.064 Marketing
Not sold used only for self consumption
P3.065 Project Interventions k) Introduction of improved seed
Improved seed of maize, wheat and pulses will be introduced as demonstration units
l) Introduction of vermin-composting: Twenty units will be developed as
demonstration, in each village of the panchayat.
For better and productive utilization of FYM Vermicompost is being recommended.
Presently 118 families are involved in agriculture production. After project intervention 67 additional families will be involved in agriculture (i.e 10 families in maize, 12 in wheat, 12 in Barley and Pluses 33 families). In total 175 families will be benefited after project intervention and the seed requirement for all these families will be 595 kg i.e. 75 kg seeds for maize, 240 kg for wheat, 120 kg for Barley and 160 kg seed of Pulses.
b) Skill development and capacity building of about 25 to 30 farmers from the Panchayat
c) Encouragement towards organic farming and improving fertility of soils through
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear, and walnut etc. are grown .Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, beans, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income.
P3.071 Prevalent Farming Practices under Horticulture
Agriculture + Horticulture + Animal rearing. P3.072 Present status of horticulture crops and proposed interventions: P3.072a Fruits Total production=1336Q (Based on PRA Exercise)
Status Particular Apple Pear
Existing Area under cultivation 60 Bigha 4 Bigha
Present Production 1320 Qt 16 Qt
Productivity 22 Qt 4 Qt
Variety Red royal, Golden Redbartlet
Technology Indigenous indigenous
Proposed Increase in area 243 Bigha 158 Bigha
Varieties Red chief, top red Bartlet, Red bartlet
Plants requirement 6075 2370
P 3.072b Vegetables crops Total Production= 3609 Q (based on PRA exercise)
Lack of technical knowledge for cultural operation
Knowledge about PHT.
Lack of value addition.
Availability of fertilizers
P 3.074 Marketing c) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli, Shimla market and Apple are sold at
Dhalli, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
P3.075 Project Interventions o) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. p) Vegetable collection centre. q) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. r) Farm based enterprises s) Irrigation through moisture conservation measures t) Drip irrigation Sprinkler u) Vegetable seed production area
P 3.075a Proposed fruit crop intervention in the Project Area Apple
The quantity of plant for each crop has been determined by the total number of plants x Bigha i. e apple 35 plant /bigha and pear 40/bigha. P 3.075b Requirement of Improved Vegetable Seed in Project Area
Crops Seed requirement Quantity (Kg)
Project contribution with 10% seed replacement
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Cabbage 7.350 0.735 14,700
Beans 690 69.0 33,120
Peas 936 93.6 8,424
Cauliflower 1.200 0.120 4,800
Potato 6000 600.0 60,000
Capsicum 0.480 0.048 2,640
Tomato 0.740 0.074 1,850
Total 7635.77 763.577 1,25,534
The quantity of seed for each vegetable crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bigha with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Cabbage (50 gm), Beans (6 kg), Peas (10 kg), Potato (150 kg), Capsicum (30 gm) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 2 years. This seed may be given as samples among the beneficiaries for development and demonstration units P 3.076 Impact/Project Outcome
12. Skill development /capacity building of 76 farmers 13. Cropping pattern changed. Area under vegetable increased (44 bighas) 14. Farming systems changed. Areas under fruit crops increased (30 bighas) 15. Production of fruit and vegetable from the areas enhanced 16. Livelihood of 43 more farming families linked with horticulture
Animal rearing is the second important activity for livelihood along with Agriculture. Animals are reared by farmers mainly for milk, FYM, Milch animals are local as well as improved. Hence milk production is low. P 3.081 Milk Production and fodder requirement Total numbers of milching cattle in the panchayat are 441 and average production of milk per day is 2.5 lt from local cows, 5.0 lt from jersey cows and 3.5 lt from buffaloes per day. The total milk production/day is 1622.5lt for different species. P 3.081a Average and Total milk production
Milch cattle Number Average milk production lt./day
Total production (lt.)
Buffaloes 10 3.5 35.0
Cow(Local) 227 2.5 567.5
Cow (improved) 204 5.0 1020.0
Total 441 1622.5
P 3.082 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons) Green fodder available in project area is 9869 tons whereas dry fodder available is 5921 ton. Total 15790 ton. Fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 23684 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 7895 ton. Total fodder required is 31579 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 13815 ton. and that of dry fodder is 1974 tons. P 3.082a Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
Available Required Deficit
Green Dry Total Green Dry Total Green Dry Total
9869 5921 15790 23684 7895 31579 13815 1974 15789
Note - Available Fodder
Green - 25kg/day x 30 days x 6months x Total live stock Dry -15 kg/day x 30days x 6months x Total live stock
Required Fodder: Green -30kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
Dry -10kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
P 3.082b Gap between Demand and supply of total Fodder
Particulars Fodder (tons)
Supply 15790
Demand 31579
Deficit 15789
P 3.083 Project interventions Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands Training/Capacity building
g) Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses
P 3.09 FISHERY Fisheries can be one of the additional source of income to the farmers of the watershed area, but due to the lack of fresh water, the people enable to take up this activity as a source of income. Secondly the people of the watershed area is practicing agriculture, horticulture and vegetable cultivation which is giving good returns to the farmers. Hence fish cultivation cannot suggest for the watershed areas of the theog block. P 3.09a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common
No Size (ft) location No Size (ft)
Location
1 Nil NIl Nil Nil Nil Nil
2 Nil NIl Nil Nil Nil Nil
P 3.09ab Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
The panchayat area falls in the rain fed area. Water resources are very limited which has been taped fully by the local people for drinking and irrigation purposes. In earlier days there were water bodies (Bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and transect- walk of the water shed area source some of fact regarding drinking water come up.
Dried up of the water bawaries due to the climate change.
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in population.
Less care of maintenance of water bodies, which is due to the habit of tap water provided at door step provided by the IPH department, lifted from Giri River.
Less percolation for the existing Bawaries due to less range and drying up of Johar at the watershed area
Presently people take the water through taps, which is provided in alternative days.
P3.101 Availability of water in the panchayat
P 3.101a Availability of water before and project interventions
Sr. No
Particulars Capacity (lt)
Present After Project intervention
1 Total supply of water per day 16835 293085
2 Total House holds 430 430
3 Total population 2469 2469
4 Water Available per house hold per day 271 681
5 Per capita Availability 47 118
P 3.102 Status of Drinking water in different wards of Panchayat P 3.102a Structure, water availability on daily and monthly basis Ward/Village Name of Structure Availability
P3.11 SOIL CONSERVATION The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Heavy and uncontrolled grazing
Deforestation in the watershed areas
Construction of roads and dumping of debris along Nala side
Cutting of bushes and hedges by local people for fuel and fodder purpose
Lake of physical and bio logical structures, which facilitate water conservation
Excessive use of cultivated land for Veg. purpose.
P3.110 To check soil erosion, following interventions are recommendation
Construction of check dams from top to bottom to minimize the flow of water.
Construction of crate walls to sloppy land sliding area.
Construction of Contour and trenches to check soil erosion.
Proper bunding on the cultivated lands by planting grasses
Biological/vegetative engineering measures along the slope land
P 3.111 Various structure are required to be constructed at different location for
checking soil erosion P 3.111a Structure with number of beneficiaries
Soil conservation work includes formation of crate walls and gully plugging, drainage and contour trenching. In this panchayat total 12 crate walls will be constructed which will benefit all families of the area. Total 107 gully plugging/dry check dam will be constructed which will benefit 150 families. Vegetative Measure: Various types of trees (Robinia,kenth), Shrubs (|Berbris, Ruses) and grasses (Chrysopogon falues, Cynodon dactylon, Napier etc.) can be grown in the areas prone to soil erosion. Fodder grasses like Napier grass can be used on farm bunds. For demonstration in each panchayat about 10,000 cuttings could be planted/ distributed to farmers.
P3.12 CONVERGENCE The linkage of the IWMP-IV, Kuthar with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of identifying different activities under the IWMP and their association with other activities of different line departments can be assured through convergence. This is the best tool to derive support from different line departments.
The following activities can be converged from one head to another:
Developmental activities like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY, PWD, IPH and MNREGA programmes
Employment Generation with MNREGA programme run by Rural Development Department
To improve productivity, distribution of improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be converged with State Agriculture Department under Pandit Dindayal Krishi Yojna
Construction of poly houses and vegetable Collection Centres at watershed level can be constructed under the Horticulture Technology Mission run by Department of Horticulture
Income generating activities and micro-enterprises with rural employment programme, Prime Minster Employment Generation Programme. Self –Employment Schemes etc.
Diary development and sheep-goats rearing for the resource less people under Dudh Ganga Pariyojana run by the Animal Husbandry Department
Table: Activity/ work to be taken other programme/scheme Sr. No
P3.13 MICRO ENTERPRISES Income generating activity reported in the watershed areas are carpentry, masonry, shoe making and weavers, diary, poultry, sheep and goats rearing, pattal and basket making etc,. These income generating activities can transform the rural poor, if they have given more opportunities in the form of trainings, equipments and machine etc., cutting and tailoring, achar making, jam, jelly, candy and juices making can be other options for rural women to improve their socio-economic conditions.
The skills of local artisans can be improved by providing more opportunities at their door steps. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, the following activities will be taken up under watershed programme for farmers.
P3.131 Income enhancement and employment generation through different
income generating activities P3.131a Number of households with activities and income
Sr. No
Activity Existing No. of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Carpentry 9 9 10,8000/540 1,62000/810
2 Cobbler 1 1 4500/90 10000/150
3 Basket making 4 4 24000/120 36000/480
4 Masonry 2 2 36000/180 96000/240
5 Vermin - 36 - 216000/2160
6 Dairy farming - 1 - 25200/210
7 Goatry/sheep 3 3 Self use 12000/routine work
8 Mule - 5 - 48000/seasonal work
9 Seed village concept
- 5 - Introducing the concept
10 Horti. nursery - 3 - Introducing the concept
The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which will be verified during the implementation by the PIA.
P3.14 LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS The land resource is the primary and major source of livelihood activities in the watershed area. These natural resources can be used properly by adopting integrated farming system to get more return per unit space per unit time. Area is suitable for the cultivation of apple, pear, pomegranate and walnut. These fruits plants can be integrated with agriculture and animal’s husbandry to increase the productivity of land. The shortage of fodder leads farmers to rear only local breeds of animals that are too for self consumption of milk and farm yard manure. This shortage of fodder can be overcome by introducing multipurpose tree species. Other option of livelihood is the revival of rural artisans and for this best options with the rural artisans are carpenter, masonry, weaving, crafting and shoe making. The rural poor can earn good amount of money from these professions. These are some of important income generating activities need to be introduced in the watershed area. There is a dire need to aware, motivate and trained the local poor artisans. These artisans should be provided with equipments to earn their livelihood and to improve their socio economic conditions.
P3.141 Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Sr. No.
Category wise Total No. of household
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 252 Agriculture +horticulture +animal husbandry + micro enterprises
2 SC 178 Agriculture
3 ST and OBC Nil Agriculture
4 BPL 108 Agriculture and labourers
P3.142 AGRICULTURE
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of days/year food grain sufficiently at home per family
4 months 5 months
2 Average production from agriculture 5.8 qt/family 6.5 Q
3 Income from agriculture Self consumption
Self consumption
4 No. of families who want to increase areas (all crops in agriculture combined)
To implement watershed activities more effectively skill development and capacity building at Panchayat level is very important. The activities proposed are given below: P3.151 Modules
P3.151a Awareness Camps
Will be organized at Panchayat level P3.151b Training:
Training will be organized at
Block level
DRDA level
Institutional level P3.151c Exposure Visits:
Exposure visits will be conducted at University/ Institutions /Field P3.151d Special Trainings will be organized in the professional institutes
P3.152 Activities with number of participants
P3.152a Target groups and location of programme
Target group No. of participants
Activity Location
Member of Gram Shabha
All Awareness camps Panchayat level
PRI, VLI Members 10 Watershed Implementation and management Block level
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
3 to 5/panchayat
Water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and micro enterprises etc.
Block level (One trainings for such activities)
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
1 to 2 / ward/ panchayat
Kissan Melas/ Pradashanis State/Outside State
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
2 to 3/ activity/ panchayat
Specialized trainings (Mushroom production, floriculture, fruit crops, nursery raising techniques, dairy development, poultry farming, goat breeding, cereals crops, agriculture and insect-pest management etc.
Professional Institutes / University
PIAs, WDTs members
10 Project implementation and management trainings, report writing and accounts maintenance
DRDA level
The capacity building of farmers and youth in the watershed areas can also be done
under the micro enterprises and livelihood through Industrial Training Institute (ITI) occupation\trades as well as other entrepreneurs programmes which provide self-employment or wage employment within the watershed areas.
Action Plan for IWMP-IVTheog Name of the State : Himachal Pradesh Name of the District : Shimla Name of Block : Theog Name of Panchayat : Kuthar Total Area in Hectare : 1411 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount : Rs. 2,11,65,000 Total Village : 11
Located at an altitude of 4910 feet above mean sea level Gram Panchayat kuthar comprises the total area of 1411 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 211.65 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 2469 out of which 252 families are of general,178 families are of scheduled caste. In total 118 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 7634 m3 with total cost of Rs 84,45,900 which will irrigate 38.17 hac area of the panchayat.
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 73 bigha. In total 595 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 4620 and 41 vermicomposting units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 2,87,000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 30-35 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 17200 Plants of apple and 12900 plant of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 5,84,800. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 2,51,068 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 6 pollyhouse and 5 seed village concept will be demonstrated the Rs. 750000 and 6,25,000 has been earmarked for the purpose. Total number of animals in the panchayat are 2286 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 18700 plants of fodder and 490 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 3,40,000. and Rs 58,800 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area. 31 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 293050 lt with cost estimate of Rs 8,00,000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 47 lt to 118 lt after project. Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 4,51,200 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro- enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are Basket making, masnery,cobbler, Poultry, and dairy farming. A total of Rs 9,97,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools. one pollyhouse unit is introduce as demonstration in panchayat with cost of 1,25,000
Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs.8,50,000), water harvesting structures (Rs.84,45,900), agriculture development (Rs.2,91,620), horticulture development (Rs.36,65,868), animal husbandry (3,98,800), drinking water (Rs 8,00,000), soil conservation (Rs 4,51,200), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 9,97,000) and capacity building (Rs 10,58,250)
Water harvesting Target for 3rd year Existing and Proposed water harvesting structures in Kuthar Panchayat of IWMP IV Theog are presented as under Ward Name
Activity Existing No.
Proposed No.
Location GIS coordinates Benefited Families
Size (mt)
Estimated Cost (Rs.) Latitude Longitude Altitude
Veneha Kachha Talab
- 1 Kalan 31°01.872 77°25.586 4596 11 10x8x2 62500
1 Jahal Nala(nr. Kambal)
31°01.879 77°25.567 4587 All 10x8x2 62500
1 Jhanji Nala(nr. Dharmech)
31°01..867 77°25.534 4577 7 10x8x2 62500
1 Jubber 31°01.846 77°25.524 4596 All 10x8x2 62500
1 Balog 31°01.845 77°25.577 4574 3 5x4x2 22500
1 Veneha lani 31°01.823 77°25.597 4597 All 10x8x2 62500
1 Dakal (near parkash Resi.)
31°01.834 77°25.501 4576 4 10x8x2 62500
1 Dakal (near jiyalal Resi.)
31°01.897 77°25.546 4590 6 10x8x2 62500
1 Dakal (near puran chand )
31°01.845 77°25.512 4567 5 10x8x2 62500
Kuthar-I - 1 kuthar 31°00.332 77°25.050 4910 All 10x8x2 62500
Punder 4 1 Gagal 31°01.356 77°26.202 4057 22 10x8x2 62500
1 Kuffer(Nr. School) 31°01.369 77°26.234 4056 All 10x8x2 62500
1 Jatog charagah 31°01.324 77°26.213 4067 All 10x8x2 62500
1 Tinku 31°01.323 77°26.245 4076 All 10x8x2 62500
1 Punder Ghatti 31°01.356 77°26.276 4079 All 10x8x2 62500
P 1.01 INTRODUCTION AND BUDGET P1.01a Introduction Watershed : IWMP- Theog –IV Gram panchayat : Mundu Area : 1020 ha Amount : 153.00 lacs
Gram Panchayat Mundu is located at 43 km distance from the Block headquarter Theog. The total Geographical area of the panchayat is 1020 hectare. The Gram Panchayat is situated at 31.01.655 latitude and 77.24.109 longitude. The height of Gram Panchayat of Mundu is 6586 feet from above mean sea level. The total population of the Panchayat is 1318 covering five wards. P1.01b BUDGET
Sr.No. Budget Component % of the budget Amount (lacs)
1 Administrative cost Monitoring Evaluation
10 01 01
15.30 1.53 1.53
2 Preparatory Phase Entry point activities Institution & capacity building Detailed Project Report (DPR)
04 05 01
6.12 7.65 1.53
3 Watershed Works Phase Watershed Development Works Livelihood activities for the asset less persons Production system & micro enterprises
50 10 13
76.50 15.30 19.89
4 Consolidation phase 05 7.65
Total 100 153.00
P1.01c Methodology A. District level
g. Collection of data at district level iv. DRDA and Line department
h. Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments B. Block level
j. Data collection k. One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and panchayat sahayak at block level l. Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal
husbandry department C. Panchayat Level
p. General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Samiti, Pradhan and Ward members
q. Collection of revenue data from Patwari r. Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary s. Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks t. Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
P 1.02 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA P1.021 Socio economic profile of panchayat
Total number of families/household : 285 Total population of the Panchayat : 1318 Total families (General) : 230 (population = 1052) Total families (Schedule caste) : 55 (Population = 266) P 1.021a Population in different categories (ward wise)
Name of ward
General Families SC Families
No of families
Male Female Total No of families
Male Female Total
Mahrowage 45 90 93 183 19 45 40 95
Mundu-I 10 26 30 56 19 49 42 91
Mundu-II 67 176 162 338 02 7 6 13
Khanar 49 100 115 215 14 29 28 57
Kashana 59 128 132 260 01 4 6 10
Total 230 520 532 1052 55 134 122 266 Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat
Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 1.022 BPL Families Total BPL Families : 103 Total Antoyodaya Families : 69 P 1.022a Population of BPL and Antoyodaya families (ward wise)
Name of Panchayat General Families SC Families
BPL Antoyodaya BPL Antoyodaya
Mahrowage 18 16 07 05
Mundu-I 02 02 10 04
Mundu-II 27 12 02 02
Khanar 10 10 03 02
Kashana 23 15 01 01
Total 80 55 23 14 Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat
Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 1.023 Land use pattern The total land of Mundu panchayat is 1020 hectare and whole area is rainfed. The cultivated land is 236 hectare under different farming system i.e. agriculture, horticulture and vegetables. The wrest of area is under pasture, ghasni and forests etc. The fellow land and barren is 01 hectare and 21 hectare.
The animal rearing is the integrated part of farming system in the watershed area. The major animals are cows (local and improved), buffaloes, sheep, goats etc. The people face acute problem of fodder and drinking water for these animals during the stress period. The details of livestock reared by the people in Mundu panchayat are given below: P1.024a Number of milch and dry cows (Local and improved) and Buffaloes Name of Ward
P1.03 SWOT ANALYSIS A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /programmes as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out. P1.031 Strengths of the watershed area
Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of vegetable crops.
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available at Sainj
People are well versed with animal husbandry.
Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
Good response in MNERGA Programme
P1.032 Weaknesses
Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation.
Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs to be reconsidered.
P1.033 Opportunities
Introduction of organic farming
Roof water harvesting
Training to the farmers on horticulture management, floriculture, poultry and mushroom production etc.
Installation of vegetable collection centre at ward/panchayat level
Introduction of crossbred animals 1.034 Threats
Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities. Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise as given below. P 1.041 Entry point activities suggested at different locations of watershed Panchayat/ Ward
The main sources of irrigation in the gram Panchayat are Tallab, Dam, tanks and water schemes. The most of the cultivated area is rainfed. The existing water resources are drying due to climatic change. The people face acute problem of water during stress period, specifically for the irrigation of vegetable crops etc. P 1.051 Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity Name of structure
Number of structure
Capacity (m3) Project intervention No. of beneficiaries
Old New Old New Old New Old New
Kachha talab
2 31 60 3664 Repair Construction 40 285
Roof water harvesting
1 60 10 1080 Nil Construction 10 222
Tanks 16 21 400 840 Repair Construction 133 165
Dam - 2 - 400 Nil Construction 102 102
P 1.051a WATER BODIES /WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES
P1.051d Total Storage Capacity of Existing and New structures
Scheme Existing structures (m3)
New structures (m3)
Total capacity (m3)
Watershed 470 5520 5990
Convergence - 464 464
Total 470 5984 6454
P1.052 Budget
Scheme Existing structures (Rs) New structures (Rs) Total (Rs)
Watershed - 6971146 6971146
Convergence - 296154 296154
Total Capacity - 7267300 72,67,300
P1.053 Total storage capacity and cost through watershed and convergence programme
Particulars Capacity (m3) Cost (Rs)
Watershed 5990 6971146
Convergence 464 296154
Total 6454 72,67,300 Presently, if all the existing watershed structures are renovated, this will enhance storage capacity to 6454 (m
3) with cost estimate of Rs. 72,67,300
(Total water harvesting potential Storage capacity (watershed) + storage capacity (convergence)=6454 cu.lt Area to be irrigated under supplement irrigation watershed programme =32.27 ha Note : Total area is calculated by dividing total water available under watershed with depth of irrigation i.e.
The main agricultural crops grown in the Panchayat wheat, Barley, maize, among cereal crops rajmash and Mash among pulses. The productivity of crop was observed very low due to rainfed condition. This can be increased through increase in irrigation facilities and latest technology.
Part 1.061 Prevalent Farming System under Agriculture
Crops grown : Sarson Total Productions : 115kg ( based on PRA exercise)
Status Particulars Sarson
Existing Area under cultivation 3Bigha
Production 115 kg
Productivity 38 kg/ bigha
Variety Local
Technology Broad Casting and line method
Proposed Increase in area 2 Bigha
Variety Improved (T-9) Jawala
Seed Quantity required by beneficiary group 15Kg Source: Household survey, Regional Centre ,NAEB, UHF, 2010
P 1.062d Requirement of improved seed under different crops Particulars Quantity Project contribution with 10%
Seed replacement rate (Kg) Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Cereals
Maize 309 31 620
Wheat 1050 105 2625
Barley 588 58 1450
Pulses
Urad 104 10 900
Rajmash 770 77 5775
Oil seed
Sarson 15 1.5 38
Total 11408 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Maize (103x3), Wheat (70x15), Barley (49x12), Pulses urad (26x4) and Rajmash (77x10) and oil seed (5x3) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 percent replacement rate each year for two years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries
P 1.063 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Improved seed varieties not adequately used.
P1.064 Marketing
Not sold used only for self consumption P1.065 Project Interventions
p) Introduction of improved seed Improved seed of maize, wheat and pulses will be introduced as demonstration units
q) Introduction of vermin-composting: Twenty six units will be developed as
Presently 172 families are involved in agriculture production. After project intervention 60 additional families will be involved in agriculture (i.e 10 families in maize, 12 in wheat, 8 in Barley, Pluses 25 and in Oil seed 5 families). In total 232 families will be benefited after project intervention and the seed requirement for all these families will be 2836 kg i.e. 309 kg seeds for maize, 1050 kg for wheat, 588 kg for Barley,874 kg seed of Pulses and 15 kg of sarson. b) Skill development and capacity building of about 25 to 30 farmers from the Panchayat c) Encouragement towards organic farming and improving fertility of soils through
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear, peach and walnut etc. are grown .Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, beans, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income. P1.071 Prevalent Farming Practices under Horticulture
Lack of technical knowledge for cultural operation
Knowledge about PHT.
Lack of value addition.
Availability of fertilizers P 1.074 Marketing
d) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli, Shimla market and Apple are sold at Dhalli, Sainj, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
P1.075 Project Interventions
v) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. w) Vegetable collection centre. x) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. y) Farm based enterprises z) Irrigation through moisture conservation measures aa) Drip irrigation Sprinkler bb) Vegetable seed production area
P 1.075a Proposed fruit crop intervention in the Project Area Apple
Sr. No. Name of ward No. of household No. of Plants Area (Bigha) Amount(RS)
1 Mahrowage 64 1280 37 32000
2 Mundu-I 29 580 16 14500
3 Mundu-II 69 1380 38 34500
4 Khanar 63 1260 36 31,500
5 Kashana 60 1200 34 30,000
Total 285 5700 161 1,42,500
Pear
Sr. No. Name of ward No. of household No. of Plants Area (Bigha) Amount(RS)
1 Mahrowage 64 960 24 11520
2 Mundu-I 29 435 10 5220
3 Mundu-II 69 1035 26 12420
4 Khanar 63 945 23 11340
5 Kashana 60 900 22 10800
6 Total 285 4275 105 51,300
The quantity of plant for each crop has been determined by the total number of
plants x Bigha i. e apple 35 plant /bigha and pear 40/bigha.
P 1.075b Requirement of Improved Vegetable Seed in Project Area
Crops Seed requirement Quantity (kg)
Project contribution with 10% seed replacement
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Cabbage 2.750 0.275 550
Beans 498 49.8 23904
Peas 920 92.0 8280
Cauliflower 0.300 0.030 1200
Potato 225.0 22.50 2700
Capsicum 0.270 0.027 1485
Tomato 0.360 0.036 900
Total 284.8 39019 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each vegetable crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bigha with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Cabbage (50 gm), Beans (6 kg), Peas (8 kg), Potato (160 kg), Capsicum (30 gm) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 2 years. This seed may be given as samples among the beneficiaries for development and demonstration units P 1.076 Impact/Project Outcome
17. Skill development /capacity building of 76 farmers 18. Cropping pattern changed. Area under vegetable increased (44 bighas) 19. Farming systems changed. Areas under fruit crops increased (30 bighas) 20. Production of fruit and vegetable from the areas enhanced 21. Livelihood of 43 more farming families linked with horticulture
Animal rearing is the second livelihood activity after Agriculture. Animals are reared by farmers mainly for milk, FYM, meat as well as for wool. Cows and buffaloes are reared for milk production which is used for self consumption. Milch animals are local as well as improved. Hence milk production is low. P 1.081 Milk Production and fodder requirement Total no. of milch cattle in the watershed area is 351 and average production of milk per day is 2 lt from local cows, 5 lt from jersey cows and 3.5 lt from buffaloes per day. The total milk production/day is 1062 lt for different species. P 1.081a Average and Total milk production
Milch cattle Number Average milk production lt./day Total production (lt.)
Buffaloes 10 3.5 35
Cow(Local) 226 2.0 452
Cow (improved) 115 5.0 575
Total 351 1062
P 1.082 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons) Green fodder available in project area is 7200 tons whereas dry fodder available is 4320 ton. Total 11520 ton. Fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 17280 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 5760 ton. Total fodder required is 23040 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 10080 ton. And that of dry fodder is 1440 tons. P 1.082a Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
Available Required Deficit
Green Dry Total Green Dry Total Green Dry Total
7200 4320 11520 17280 5760 23040 10080 1440 11520 Note - Available Fodder Green - 25kg/day x 30 days x 6months x Total live stock Dry - 15 kg/day x 30days x 6months x Total live stock Required Fodder Green - 30kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock Dry - 10kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
P 1.082b Gap between Demand and supply of total Fodder Supply - 11520 tons. Demand - 23040 tons. Deficit - 11520 tons.
Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands Training/Capacity building
j) Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Species:
Tree: Buel, Ban, Robinia Grasses: Berseem, Orchard, Napier etc.
P 1.083a Requirement of fodder trees and grasses in wards
Name of Ward Fodder Trees Grasses
Area (ha.) No. of Plants Area (ha.) Quantity of seeds (kg)
Mahrowage 1 1100 1 35
Mundu-I 2 2200 4 150
Mundu-II 1 1100 1 20
Khanar 2 2200 2.5 100
Kashana 2 2200 3 110
Total 8 8800 11.5 415
k) Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands l) Training and Capacity Building
Live stock management
Animal Health
Artificial insemination
Improved grasses / Fodder trees Exposure visits
Number of Training
Four trainings with 5-7 farmers in each trainings
Exposure visits for 5-7 farmers
P 1.084 Project outcome/impact P 1.084a Estimated production of milk after project intervention
Milk production after project intervention will increase to 5.6 lt. /day and total production of milk after project intervention will be 2497 liters. P 1.084b Milk production from cows and buffaloes
P 1.09 FISHERY Fisheries can be one of the additional source of income to the farmers of the watershed area, but due to the lack of fresh water, the people enable to take up this activity as a source of income. Secondly the people of the watershed area is practicing agriculture, horticulture and vegetable cultivation which is giving good returns to the farmers. Hence fish cultivation cannot suggest for the watershed areas of the theog block. P 1.09a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common No Size (ft) location No Size (ft) Location
1 Nil NIl Nil Nil Nil Nil
2 Nil NIl Nil Nil Nil Nil
P 1.09ab Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
P1.10 DRINKING WATER The panchayat area falls in the rainfed area. Water resources are very limited which has been taped fully by the local people for drinking and irrigation purposes. In earlier days there were water bodies (Bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and transect- walk of the water shed area source some of fact regarding drinking water come up.
Dried up of the water bawaries due to the climate change.
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in population.
Less care of maintenance of water bodies, which is due to the habit of tap water provided at door step provided by the IPH department, lifted from Giri River.
Less percolation for the existing Bawaries due to less range and drying up of Johar at the watershed area
Presently people take the water through taps, which is provided in alternative days.
P1.101 Availability of water in the panchayat P 1.101a Availability of water before and project interventions
Sr. No Particulars Capacity (lt)
Present After Project intervention
1 Total supply of water per day 72000 140000
2 Total House holds 285 285
3 Total population 1318 1318
4 Water Available per house hold per day 252 (lt) 491(lt)
5 Per capita Availability 54 (lt) 106(lt)
P 1.102 Status of Drinking water in different wards of Panchayat
P 1.102a Structure, water availability on daily and monthly basis Ward/ Village
Name of Structure Availability of water /day from the source
No. of months water available during the year
Tap/ WST Handpump Well Bawaries
No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity
Morawage 3 8000 1 2000 5 5000 4 month
Mundu-I 10 16000 2 2000 4-5 Months After the Interval of three days
P 1.105 Critical Gaps to be covered (item/activity)
1) Regular Supply of drinking water 2) Cleanness and colorization of water 3) Proper drainage of the catchment area to the pound/Johar 4) To sensitization of the community for judicious use of water
P1.11 SOIL CONSERVATION The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Heavy and uncontrolled grazing
Deforestation in the watershed areas
Construction of roads and dumping of debris along Nala side
Cutting of bushes and hedges by local people for fuel and fodder purpose
Lake of physical and bio logical structures, which facilitate water conservation
Excessive use of cultivated land for Veg. purpose.
P1.110 To check soil erosion, following interventions are recommendation
Construction of check dams from top to bottom to minimize the flow of water.
Construction of crate walls to sloppy land sliding area.
Construction of Contour and trenches to check soil erosion.
Proper bunding on the cultivated lands by planting grasses
Biological/vegetative engineering measures along the slope land
P 1.111 Various structure are required to be constructed at different location for checking soil erosion
P 1.111a Structure with number of beneficiaries Activity Ward Name Location Proposed
(No) Families Benefited
Size (m) Estimated Budget(Rs.)
Dry Check Dam
Kashna Kambal Nala to Kashna 15 25 4x2x1 54000
Baleog Bauri to Kashna 5 14 4x2x1 18000
Lamb Nala to Kashna 15 12 4x2x1 54000
Morawag Kuftu to Rodi Nala 5 16 4x2x1 18000
Reha Nala to Badeo 4 15 4x2x1 14400
Mundu-I & II
Ojad Nala 7 28 4x2x1 25200
Fukeri Nala to Bhalya 20 26 4x2x1 72000
Khanar Mankerad Nala to Mayog
5 14 4x2x1 18000
Fagli Nala 5 8 4x2x1 18000
Total 81 2,91,600
Crate Wall
Kashna Ridi Nala 4 24 4x2x1 22000
Khannar Both Side of Khannar Nala
2 18 4x2x1 11000
Total 6 33,000
Soil conservation work includes formation of crate walls and check dam, drainage and contour trenching. In this panchayat total 6 crate walls will be constructed which will benefit about 33 families of the area. Total 81 check dam will be constructed which will benefit all families..
Vegetative Measure: Various types of trees (Robinia,kenth), Shrubs (|Berbris, Ruses) and grasses (Chrysopogon falues, Cynodon dactylon, Napier etc.) can be grown in the areas prone to soil erosion. Fodder grasses like Napier grass can be used on farm bunds. For demonstration in each panchayat about 10,000 cuttings could be planted/ distributed to farmers.
P1.12 CONVERGENCE The linkage of the IWMP-IV, Mundu with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of identifying different activities under the IWMP and their association with other activities of different line departments can be assured through convergence. This is the best tool to derive support from different line departments.
The following activities can be converged from one head to another:
Developmental activities like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY, PWD, IPH and MNREGA programmes
Employment Generation with MNREGA programme run by Rural Development Department
To improve productivity, distribution of improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be converged with State Agriculture Department under Pandit Dindayal Krishi Yojna
Construction of poly houses and vegetable Collection Centres at watershed level can be constructed under the Horticulture Technology Mission run by Department of Horticulture
Income generating activities and micro-enterprises with rural employment programme, Prime Minster Employment Generation Programme. Self –Employment Schemes etc.
Diary development and sheep-goats rearing for the resource less people under Dudh Ganga Pariyojana run by the Animal Husbandry Department
Table : Activity/ work to be taken other programme/scheme Sr. No.
Income generating activity reported in the watershed areas are carpentry, masonry, shoe making and weavers, diary, poultry, sheep and goats rearing, pattal and basket making etc,. These income generating activities can transform the rural poor, if they have given more opportunities in the form of trainings, equipments and machine etc., cutting and tailoring, achar making, jam, jelly, candy and juices making can be other options for rural women to improve their socio-economic conditions.
The skills of local artisans can be improved by providing more opportunities at their door steps. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, the following activities will be taken up under watershed programme for farmers.
P1.131 Income enhancement and employment generation through different income generating activities
P1.131a Number of households with activities and income
S. No
Activity Existing No. of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Carpentry 9 9 108000/540 180000/900
2 Weaver 1 1 9000/45 12000/60
3 Basket making 2 2 12000/80 18000/120
4 Masonry 3 3 54000/270 72000/360
5 Vermi compost - 26 Nil 156000/1560
6 Dairy farming 13 Nil 327600/2730
7 Goatry 4 8 Self use 12000/routine work
8 Poultry - 3 Nil 30000/routine work
9 Seed Village Concept
- 3 - New Concept
10 Horti. Nursery - 2 - New Concept
The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which will be verified during the implementation by the PIA.
Note: Target for 3rd
and 4th
year
P 1.132 Activity Wise Projects
1. Carpentry i. Purpose : Livelihood/ Enhancement of income j. Category : SC/ IRDP k. No. of families involved : 9 l. Project intervention
P1.14 LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS The land resource is the primary and major source of livelihood activities in the watershed area. These natural resources can be used properly by adopting integrated farming system to get more return per unit space per unit time. Area is suitable for the cultivation of apple, pear, pomegranate and walnut. These fruits plants can be integrated with agriculture and animal’s husbandry to increase the productivity of land. The shortage of fodder leads farmers to rear only local breeds of animals that are too for self consumption of milk and farm yard manure. This shortage of fodder can be overcome by introducing multipurpose tree species. Other option of livelihood is the revival of rural artisans and for this best options with the rural artisans are carpenter, masonry, weaving, crafting and shoe making. The rural poor can earn good amount of money from these professions. These are some of important income generating activities need to be introduced in the watershed area. There is a dire need to aware, motivate and trained the local poor artisans. These artisans should be provided with equipments to earn their livelihood and to improve their socio economic conditions.
P1.141 Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Sr. No.
Category wise Total No. of household
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 230 Agriculture +Horticulture +Animal husbandry + micro enterprises
2 SC 55 Agriculture
3 ST and OBC Nil Agriculture
4 BPL 103 Agriculture and labourers
P1.142 AGRICULTURE
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of days/year food grain sufficiently at home per family
5 month 6 month
2 Average production from agriculture 1.4 Q 2 Q
3 Income from agriculture Self use Self use
4 No. of families who want to increase areas (all crops in agriculture combined)
To implement watershed activities more effectively skill development and capacity building at Panchayat level is very important. The activities proposed are given below:
P1.151 Modules
P1.151a Awareness Camps
Will be organized at Panchayat level P1.151b Training:
Training will be organized at
Block level
DRDA level
Institutional level
P1.151c Exposure Visits:
Exposure visits will be conducted at University/ Institutions /Field
P1.151d Special Trainings will be organized in the professional institutes
P1.152 Activities with number of participants
P1.152a Target groups and location of programme
Target group No. of participants
Activity Location
Member of Gram Shabha
All Awareness camps Panchayat level
PRI, VLI Members 10 Watershed Implementation and management Block level
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
3 to 5/panchayat
Water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and micro enterprises etc.
Block level (One trainings for such activities)
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
1 to 2 / ward/ panchayat
Kissan Melas/ Pradashanis State/Outside State
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
2 to 3/ activity/ panchayat
Specialized trainings (Mushroom production, floriculture, fruit crops, nursery raising techniques, dairy development, poultry farming, goat breeding, cereals crops, agriculture and insect-pest management etc.
Professional Institutes / University
PIAs, WDTs members
10 Project implementation and management trainings, report writing and accounts maintenance
DRDA level
The capacity building of farmers and youth in the watershed areas can also be done under
the micro enterprises and livelihood through Industrial Training Institute (ITI) occupation\trades as well as other entrepreneurs programmes which provide self-employment or wage employment within the watershed areas.
Action Plan for IWMP-IV Theog Name of the State : Himachal Pradesh Name of the District : Shimla Name of Block : Theog Name of Panchayat : Mundu Total Area in Hectare : 1020 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount : Rs.1,53,00,000 Total Village : 5
Located at an altitude of 6586 ft above mean sea level Gram Panchayat Mundu comprises the total area of 1020 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 153.0 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 1318 out of which 230 families are of general,55 families are of scheduled caste. In total 113 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 6454 m3 with total cost of Rs 72,67,300 which will irrigate 32.27 hac area of the panchayat.
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 325 bigha. In total 2833 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 22816 and 26 vermicomposting units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 1,82,000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 25-30 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 11400 Plants of apple and 8550 plant of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 3,87,600. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 78,038 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 5 pollyhouse will be demonstrated the Rs. 6,25,000 and 3,75,000 has been earmarked for the purpose. Total number of animals in the panchayat are 1700 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 8800 plants of fodder and 415 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 1,60,000. and Rs 49800 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area.8 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 140000 lt with cost estimate of Rs 2,21,000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 54 lt to 106 lt after project. Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 3,24,600 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro- enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are rural artisans making, Goatry, Poultry, and dairy farming. A total of Rs 9,92,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools.
Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs.6.12 lac), water harvesting structures (Rs.72,67,300), agriculture development (2,04,816), horticulture development (Rs.18,70,638), animal husbandry (Rs.2,09,800), drinking water (Rs 2,21,000), soil conservation (Rs 3,24,600), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 9,92,000) and capacity building (Rs 7,65,000)
Water harvesting Target for 3rd year Existing and Proposed water harvesting structures in Mundu Panchayat of IWMP IV Theog are presented as under GRAM PANCHAYAT Mundu Ward Activity Existing
Gram panchayat : Sainj Area : 590 ha Amount : 88.50 lacs
Gram Panchayat Sainj is located at 24 km distance from the Block headquarter, Theog. The total Geographical area of the panchayat is 590 hectare. The Gram Panchayat is situated at 310 04.895 latitude and 77023.384 longitude. The height of Gram Panchayat of Sainj is 4490 feet from above mean sea level. The Panchayat is covered with GP Ghoond, Balghar, Tiyali, Dhamandri and kamah. The catchment area watershed is Dhamandri and Giri. The total population of the Panchayat is 1696 covering five wards. P6.01b BUDGET
Sr. No.
Budget Component % of the budget
Amount (lacs)
1 Administrative cost Monitoring Evaluation
10 01 01
885000 88500 88500
2 Preparatory Phase Entry point activities Institution & capacity building Detailed Project Report (DPR)
04 05 01
354000 442500
88500
3 Watershed Works Phase Watershed Development Works Livelihood activities for the asset less persons Production system & micro enterprises
50 10 13
4425000 885000
1150500
4 Consolidation phase 05 442500
Total 100 88,50,000
P6.01c Methodology A. District level
i. Collection of data at district level v. DRDA and Line department
j. Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments B. Block level
m. Data collection n. One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and panchayat sahayak at block level o. Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal
husbandry department C. Panchayat Level
u. General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Samiti, Pradhan and Ward members
v. Collection of revenue data from Patwari w. Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary x. Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks y. Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
P 6.02 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA P6.021 Socio economic profile of panchayat
Total families : 398 Total population of the Panchayat : 1696 General families : 203 (population =863) Schedule caste families : 195 (population =833)
P 6.021a Population in different categories (ward wise)
Name of ward
General Families SC Families
No of families
Male Female Total No of families
Male Female Total
Tikkari 48 112 112 224 8 20 19 39
Parala 22 48 38 86 83 172 188 360
Lelu 38 74 81 155 16 30 37 67
Sainj 37 83 69 152 63 133 134 267
Jarashi- Bhalyana
58 130 116 246 25 54 46 100
Total 203 447 416 863 195 409 424 833 Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat
Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 6.022 BPL Families Total BPL Families : 85 Total Antoyodaya Families : 55
P 6.022a Population of BPL and Antoyodaya families (ward wise)
Name of Ward General Families SC Families
BPL Antoyodaya BPL Antoyodaya
Tikkari 15 7 2 2
Parala 3 3 14 9
Lelu 10 6 7 4
Sainj 1 0 13 10
Jarashi- Bhalyana 13 7 7 7
Total 42 23 43 32 Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 6.023 Land use pattern The total land of Sainj panchayat is 590 hectare and whole area is rainfed. The cultivated land is 197 hectare under different farming system i.e. agriculture, horticulture and vegetables. The rest of area is under pasture, ghasni and forests etc. The barren is 24 hectare.
The animal rearing is the integrated part of farming system in the watershed area. The major animals are cows (local and improved), buffaloes, sheep, goats etc. The people face acute problem of fodder and drinking water for these animals during the stress period. The details of livestock reared by the people in Sainj panchayat are given below:
P6.024a Number of milch and dry cows (Local and improved) and Buffaloes
A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /programmes as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out.
P6.031 Strengths of the watershed area Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of Vegetable crops
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available.
People are well versed with animal husbandry.
Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
P6.032 Weaknesses Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
Hailstorm prone area.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation.
Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs to be reconsidered.
P6.033 Opportunities Introduction of organic farming
Roof water harvesting
Training to the farmers on horticulture management, floriculture, poultry and mushroom production etc.
Revival of Mahila Mandals and SHGs which are dysfunctional presently
Installation of vegetable collection centre at ward/panchayat level
Introduction of crossbred animals
P6.034 Threats Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities. Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise as given below. P 6.041 Entry point activities suggested at different locations of watershed Ward Activity
Location Size Beneficiaries Cost
(Rs.) Purpose /use
Sainj Kuhal Jhintu gali to sainj village 700 (mt) All villagers 3,54,000 irrigation
6 3.05 WATER HARVESTING The main sources of irrigation in the gram Panchayat are Tallab , Dam, tanks and water schemes. The most of the cultivated area is rainfed. The existing water resources are drying due to climatic change. The people face acute problem of water during stress period, specifically for the irrigation of vegetable crops etc. P 6.051 Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity
Name of structure
Number of structure
Capacity (m3) Project intervention
No. of beneficiaries
Old New Old New Old New Old New
Kachha talab
1 3 - 360 360 25 50
Roof water harvesting
- 15 - 270 270 - 44
Tanks 3 50 464 2000 2000 - 306
Dam - 3 - 450 - 450 46
Kuhal - 1 - 0 - - - All
Total 4 72 3080
P 6.051a WATER BODIES /WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES
Scheme Existing structures (Rs) New structures (Rs) Total (Rs)
Watershed 410000 4941500 4941500
Convergence - 1301000 1301000
Total 410000 62,42,500 62,42,500
P6.053 Total storage capacity and cost through watershed and convergence programme
Particulars Capacity (m3) Cost (Rs)
Watershed 2954 4941500 Convergence 620 1301000 Total 3574 62,42,500
Presently, if all the existing watershed structures are renovated, this will enhance storage capacity to 3574 (m
3) with cost estimate of Rs 62,42,500
(Total water harvesting potential Storage capacity (watershed) + storage capacity (convergence) =3574 cu.lt Area to be irrigated under watershed programme =17.66 ha. Note : Total area is calculated by dividing total water available under watershed with depth of irrigation i.e.
The main agricultural crops grown in the Panchayat maize, among cereal crops rajmash and urad among pulses. The productivity of crop was observed very low due to rainfed condition. This can be increased through increase in irrigation facilities and latest technology. Part 6.061 Prevalent Farming System under Agriculture
The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Maize (40 x 3), Pulses Urad(25x4) and Rajmash (45x10) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 percent replacement rate each year for two years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries.
P 6.063 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Improved seed varieties not adequately used.
P 6.064 Marketing
Not sold used only for self consumption
P 6.065 Project Interventions u) Introduction of improved seed
Improved seed of maize, wheat and pulses will be introduced as demonstration units
v) Introduction of vermin-composting: Twenty units will be developed as
demonstration, in each village of the panchayat. For better and productive utilization of FYM Vermicompost is being recommended.
w) Human Resource Development (HRD)/ Capacity Building and training in Agriculture
Training on cultivation practices of various agriculture crops.
Training on insects & pests management.
Training on post harvest management.
Training on vermicomposting
Exposure visits and experience sharing.
x) Numbers of trainings / Exposure visits
Number of Trainings =3
Number of Trainees=30-35
Duration = 3 days
y) Exposure visit One exposure visit of 30 -40 farmers
P 6.066 Project Impact a)
Crops Existing families
Addition in families
Total families after project interventions
Seed requirement after project intervention (kg)
Maize 38 10 48 12
Urad 35 12 47 10
Rajmash 36 10 46 45
Total 109 32 141 67
Presently 109 families are involved in agriculture production. After project intervention 32 additional families will be involved in agriculture (i.e 38 families in maize, and Pluses 71 families). In total 141 families will be benefited after project intervention and the seed requirement for all these families will be 670 kg i.e. 120 kg seeds for maize, and 550 kg seed of Pulses.
b) Skill development and capacity building of about 25 to 30 farmers from the Panchayat c) Encouragement towards organic farming and improving fertility of soils through
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear, and walnut etc. are grown .Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, beans, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income. P6.071 Prevalent Farming Practices under Horticulture
Lack of technical knowledge for cultural operation
Knowledge about PHT.
Lack of value addition.
Availability of fertilizers
P 6.074 Marketing e) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli, Shimla market and Apple are sold at
Dhalli, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
P6.075 Project Interventions cc) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. dd) Vegetable collection centre. ee) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. ff) Farm based enterprises gg) Irrigation through moisture conservation measures hh) Drip irrigation Sprinkler ii) Vegetable seed production area
P 6.075a Proposed fruit crop intervention in the Project Area Apple
Sr. No.
Name of ward No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha)
Amount(RS)
1 Tikkari 56 1120 32 28,000
2 Lelu 54 1080 30 27,000
3 Jarashi- Bhalyana 83 1660 47 41,500
Total 193 3860 109 96,500 Note : target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Pear:
Sr. No. Name of ward No. of household
No. of Plants Area (Bigha) Amount(RS)
1 Tikkari 56 840 21 10,080
2 Parala 54 810 20 9,720
3 Lelu 105 1575 39 18900
4 Sainj 100 1500 37 18,000
5 Jarashi- Bhalyana
83 1245 31 14,940
Total 398 5970 148 71,640 Note: target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of plant for each crop has been determined by the total number of plants x Bigha i. e apple 35 plant /bigha and pear 40/bigha.
P 6.075b Requirement of Improved Vegetable Seed in Project Area
Crops Seed requirement Quantity (Kg)
Project contribution with 10% seed replacement
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Cabbage 0.550 0.055 1100
Beans 600 60.0 28800
Peas 320 32.0 3200
Cauliflower 4.00 0.400 4000
Capsicum .950 0.095 4950
Tomato 1.600 0.160 1600
Total 927.1 92.71 43,650
Note : target for 3rd
and 4th year
The quantity of seed for each vegetable crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bigha with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Cabbage (50 gm), Beans (6 kg), Peas (8 kg), Cauliflower (50 gm),Capsicum (30 gm), tomato(20) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 2 years. This seed may be given as samples among the beneficiaries for development and demonstration units
P 6.076 Impact/Project Outcome
1. Skill development /capacity building of 76 farmers 2. Cropping pattern changed. Area under vegetable increased (44 bighas) 3. Farming systems changed. Areas under fruit crops increased (30 bighas) 4. Production of fruit and vegetable from the areas enhanced 5. Livelihood of 43 more farming families linked with horticulture
Species Existing families Addition in families
Total families after project intervention
Fruits
Apple 70 250 320
Pear - 250 250
Vegetables
Ca bbage 70 35 105
Beans 55 30 85
Peas 45 15 60
Cauliflower 52 17 67
Capsicum 25 10 35
Tomato 35 15 40
Poly house Demonstration unit for low volume high value crops of vegetable, floriculture and MIS
Animal rearing is the second important activity for livelihood along with Agriculture. Animals are reared by farmers mainly for milk, FYM, Milch animals are local as well as improved. Hence milk production is low. P 6.081 Milk Production and fodder requirement Total numbers of milching cattle in the panchayat are 509 and average production of milk per day is 2.5 lt from local cows, 5.0 lt from jersey cows and 4 lt from buffaloes per day. The total milk production/day is 1744.5 lt for different species. P 6.081a Average and Total milk production
Milch cattle Number Average milk production lt./day
Total production (lt.)
Buffaloes 23 4 92
Cow(Local) 311 2.5 777.5
Cow (improved) 175 5 875
Total 509 11.5 1744.5
P 6.082 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons) Green fodder available in project area is 9369 tons whereas dry fodder available is 5622 ton. Total 14991 ton. Fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 22486 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 7496 ton. Total fodder required is 29982 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 13117 ton. and that of dry fodder is 1874 tons. P 6.082a Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
Available Required Deficit
Green Dry Total Green Dry Total Green Dry Total
9369 5622 14991 22486 7496 29982 13117 1874 14991
Note - Available Fodder
Green - 25kg/day x 30 days x 6months x Total live stock Dry -15 kg/day x 30days x 6months x Total live stock
Required Fodder: Green -30kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
Dry -10kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock
P 6.082b Gap between Demand and supply of total Fodder
Particulars Fodder (tons)
Supply 14991
Demand 29982
Deficit 14991
P 6.083 Project interventions Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands Training/Capacity building
m) Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses
P 6.09 FISHERY Fisheries can be one of the additional source of income to the farmers of the watershed area, but due to the lack of fresh water, the people unable to take up this activity as a source of income. Secondly the people of the watershed area is practicing agriculture, horticulture and vegetable cultivation which is giving good returns to the farmers . Hence fish cultivation cannot be suggested for the watershed areas of the theog block. P 6.09a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common No Size (ft) location No Size (ft) Location
1 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
2 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil
P 6.09ab Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
The panchayat area falls in the rain fed area. Water resources are very limited which has been taped fully by the local people for drinking and irrigation purposes. In earlier days there were water bodies (Bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and transect- walk of the water shed area source some of fact regarding drinking water come up.
Dried up of the water bawaries due to the climate change.
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in population.
Less care of maintenance of water bodies, which is due to the habit of tap water provided at door step provided by the IPH department, lifted from Giri River.
Less percolation for the existing Bawaries due to less range and drying up of Johar at the watershed area
Presently people take the water through taps, which is provided in alternative days.
P 6.101 Availability of water in the panchayat
P 6.101a Availability of water before and project interventions
Sr. No
Particulars Capacity (Lt)
Present After Project intervention
1 Total supply of water per day 82000 119800
2 Total House holds 398 398
3 Total population 1696 1696
4 Water Available per house hold per day 206 301
5 Per capita Availability 48 lt 71 lt
P 6.102 Status of Drinking water in different wards of Panchayat
P 6.102a Structure, water availability on daily and monthly basis Ward/Village Name of Structure Availability
P6.11 SOIL CONSERVATION The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Heavy and uncontrolled grazing
Deforestation in the watershed areas
Construction of roads and dumping of debris along Nala side
Cutting of bushes and hedges by local people for fuel and fodder purpose
Lake of physical and bio logical structures, which facilitate water conservation
Excessive use of cultivated land for Veg. purpose.
P6.111 To check soil erosion, following interventions are recommendation
Construction of check dams from top to bottom to minimize the flow of water.
Construction of crate walls to sloppy land sliding area.
Construction of Contour and trenches to check soil erosion.
Proper bunding on the cultivated lands by planting grasses
Biological/vegetative engineering measures along the slope land
P 6.112 Various structure are required to be constructed at different location for checking soil erosion
P 6.112a Structure with number of beneficiaries
Activity Ward Name
Location Proposed (No)
Families Benefited
Size(m) Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Crate Wall Tikkri Tikkri 4 8 4x2x1 22000
Lailu Dhar 3 15 4x2x1 16500
Prala Chori 2 6 4x2x1 11000
Total 9 49,500
Contour trenching
Prala Maghot 20 2 1760
Total 20 1760
Soil conservation work includes formation of crate walls and contour trenching. In this panchayat total 9 crate walls will be constructed which will benefit 29 families of the area. 20 contour trenching will be constructed which will benefit 2 families. Vegetative Measure: Various types of trees (Robinia,kenth), Shrubs (|Berbris, Ruses) and grasses (Chrysopogon falues, Cynodon dactylon, Napier etc.) can be grown in the areas prone to soil erosion. Fodder grasses like Napier grass can be used on farm bunds. For demonstration in each panchayat about 10,000 cuttings could be planted/ distributed to farmers.
P6.12 CONVERGENCE The linkage of the IWMP-IV, Sainj with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of identifying different activities under the IWMP and their association with other activities of different line departments can be assured through convergence. This is the best tool to derive support from different line departments.
The following activities can be converged from one head to another:
Developmental activities like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY, PWD, IPH and MNREGA programmes
Employment Generation with MNREGA programme run by Rural Development Department
To improve productivity, distribution of improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be converged with State Agriculture Department under Pandit Dindayal Krishi Yojna
Construction of poly houses and vegetable Collection Centres at watershed level can be constructed under the Horticulture Technology Mission run by Department of Horticulture
Income generating activities and micro-enterprises with rural employment programme, Prime Minster Employment Generation Programme. Self –Employment Schemes etc.
Diary development and sheep-goats rearing for the resource less people under Dudh Ganga Pariyojana run by the Animal Husbandry Department
Table : Activity/ work to be taken other programme/scheme Sr.No. Activity
/work Programme /scheme for convergence
Agency/ Deptt
Budget contribution (Rs.)
Watershed convergence Beneficiaries Total
1 Water storage tank
MNREGA RD 3444000 656000 344400 4444400
2 Poly house HTM Horticulture 86210 38790 8621 133621
P6.13 MICRO ENTERPRISES Income generating activity reported in the watershed areas are carpentry, masonry, shoe making and weavers, diary, poultry, sheep and goats rearing, pattal and basket making etc,. These income generating activities can transform the rural poor, if they have given more opportunities in the form of trainings, equipments and machine etc., cutting and tailoring, achar making, jam, jelly, candy and juices making can be other options for rural women to improve their socio-economic conditions.
The skills of local artisans can be improved by providing more opportunities at their door steps. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, the following activities will be taken up under watershed programme for farmers.
P6.131 Income enhancement and employment generation through different income
generating activities P6.131a Number of households with activities and income
Sr. No
Activity Existing No. of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Carpentry 3 3 36000/180 54000/270
2 Masonry 6 6 108000/540 144000/720
3 Vermin - 6 - 36000/360
4 Cutting & tailoring
6 17 12600/180 81600/1020
5 Goatry/sheep 2 4 Self use 4000/Routine work
6 Seed Village concept
- 1 - New concept
Note : target for 3rd
and 4th year
The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which will be verified during the implementation by the PIA.
P 6.132 Activity Wise Projects 1. Carpentry
m. Purpose : Livelihood/ Enhancement of income n. Category : SC/ IRDP o. No. of families involved : 3 p. Project intervention
P6.14 LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS The land resource is the primary and major source of livelihood activities in the watershed area. These natural resources can be used properly by adopting integrated farming system to get more return per unit space per unit time. Area is suitable for the cultivation of apple, pear, pomegranate and walnut. These fruits plants can be integrated with agriculture and animal’s husbandry to increase the productivity of land. The shortage of fodder leads farmers to rear only local breeds of animals that are too for self consumption of milk and farm yard manure. This shortage of fodder can be overcome by introducing multipurpose tree species. Other option of livelihood is the revival of rural artisans and for this best options with the rural artisans are carpenter, masonry, weaving, crafting and shoe making. The rural poor can earn good amount of money from these professions. These are some of important income generating activities need to be introduced in the watershed area. There is a dire need to aware, motivate and trained the local poor artisans. These artisans should be provided with equipments to earn their livelihood and to improve their socio economic conditions.
P6.141 Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Sr. No.
Category wise Total No. of household
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 203 Agriculture +horticulture +animal husbandry + micro enterprises
2 SC 195 Agriculture
3 ST and OBC - Agriculture
4 BPL 85 Agriculture and labourers
P6.142 AGRICULTURE
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of days/year food grain sufficiently at home per family
4 months 5 months
2 Average production from agriculture 5.8 qt/family 6.5 Q
3 Income from agriculture Self consumption
Self consumption
4 No. of families who want to increase areas (all crops in agriculture combined)
To implement watershed activities more effectively skill development and capacity building at Panchayat level is very important. The activities proposed are given below:
P6.151 Modules
P6.151a Awareness Camps
Will be organized at Panchayat level
P6.151b Training: Training will be organized at
Block level
DRDA level
Institutional level P6.151c Exposure Visits:
Exposure visits will be conducted at University/ Institutions /Field
P6.151d Special Trainings will be organized in the professional institutes
P6.152 Activities with number of participants
P6.152a Target groups and location of programme
Target group No. of participants
Activity Location
Member of Gram Shabha
All Awareness camps Panchayat level
PRI, VLI Members 10 Watershed Implementation and management Block level
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
3 to 5/panchayat
Water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and micro enterprises etc.
Block level (One trainings for such activities)
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
1 to 2 / ward/ panchayat
Kissan Melas/ Pradashanis State/Outside State
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
2 to 3/ activity/ panchayat
Specialized trainings (Mushroom production, floriculture, fruit crops, nursery raising techniques, dairy development, poultry farming, goat breeding, cereals crops, agriculture and insect-pest management etc.
Professional Institutes / University
PIAs, WDTs members
10 Project implementation and management trainings, report writing and accounts maintenance
DRDA level
The capacity building of farmers and youth in the watershed areas can also be done under
the micro enterprises and livelihood through Industrial Training Institute (ITI) occupation\trades as well as other entrepreneurs programmes which provide self-employment or wage employment within the watershed areas.
Action Plan for IWMP-IV Theog Name of the State : Himachal Pradesh Name of the District : Shimla Name of Block : Theog Name of Panchayat : Sainj Total Area in Hectare : 590 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount : Rs.88,50,000 Total Village : 8
Located at an altitude of 4490 feet above mean sea level Gram Panchayat Sainj comprises the total area of 590 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 88.50 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 1696 out of which 203 families are of general,195 families are of scheduled caste. In total 72 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 3574 m3 with total cost of Rs 62,42,500 which will irrigate 17.66 hac area of the panchayat.
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 75 bigha. In total 670 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 9030 and 7 vermicomposting units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 49,000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 30-35 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 7220 Plants of apple and 11940 plant of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 3,36,280. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 87,300 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 3 pollyhouse and 1 seed village concept will be demonstrated the Rs. 3,75,000 and Rs.1,25,000 respectively has been earmarked for the purpose. Total number of animals in the panchayat are 2242 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 7700 plants of fodder and 316 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 140,000. and Rs 37,920 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area. 6 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 11980 lt with cost estimate of Rs 1,27,000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 48 lt to 71 lt after project. Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 51260 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro- enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are rural artisans making, Goatry, Poultry, and dairy farming. A total of Rs 2,20,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools.
Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs.354600), water harvesting structures (Rs.62,42,500), agriculture development (Rs.58030), horticulture development (Rs7,98,580), animal husbandry (Rs.1,77,920), drinking water (Rs 1,27,000), Soil conservation (Rs 51,260), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 2,20,000) and capacity building (Rs 4,42,500)
Gram Panchayat Tikkar is located at 61km distance from the Block headquarter, Theog. The total Geographical area of the panchayat is 712 hectare. The Gram Panchayat is situated at 300.59.707 latitude and 0770.26.288 longitude. The height of Gram Panchayat of tikkar is 5529 feet from above mean sea level. The Panchayat is covered with GP Kuthar and Basadhar. The catchment area of watershed is Joh Nawag, Sertu, Dasheya, Baroth and Timba Nalas. The total population of the Panchayat is 1920 covering five wards.
P5.01b BUDGET
Sr. No.
Budget Component % of the budget
Amount (lacs)
1 Administrative cost Monitoring Evaluation
10 01 01
10.680 1.068 1.068
2 Preparatory Phase Entry point activities Institution & capacity building Detailed Project Report (DPR)
04 05 01
4.272 5.340 1.068
3 Watershed Works Phase Watershed Development Works Livelihood activities for the asset less persons Production system & micro enterprises
50 10 13
53.400 10.680 13.884
4 Consolidation phase 05 5.340
Total 100 106.80
P5.01c Methodology A. District level
Collection of data at district level o DRDA and Line department
Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments B. Block level
Data collection
One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and Panchayat Sahayak at block level
Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry department
C. Panchayat Level
General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Samiti, Pradhan and Ward members
Collection of revenue data from Patwari
Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary
Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks
Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
P 5.02 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA P5.021 Socio economic profile of panchayat
Total families : 194
Total population of the Panchayat : 920
General families : 127 (population =567)
Schedule caste families : 67(population =353)
P 5.021a Population in different categories (ward wise) Name of
ward
General Families SC Families
No of
families
Male Female Total No of
families
Male Female Total
Barog 36 84 87 171 04 11 14 25
Tikkar 25 60 59 119 07 21 15 36
Kanouri 32 68 66 134 09 29 21 50
Neri 10 23 20 43 29 78 75 153
Koonch 24 51 49 100 18 43 46 89
Total 127 286 281 567 67 182 171 353
Note: Scheduled tribe and other backward classes are absent in this panchayat Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 5.022 BPL Families
Total BPL Families : 111 Total Antoyodaya Families : 44
P 5.022a Population of BPL and Antoyodaya families (ward wise)
Name of Ward General Families SC Families
BPL Antoyodaya BPL Antoyodaya
Barog 27 11 - -
Tikkar 12 4 7 3
Kanouri 9 4 11 5
Neri 4 - 25 12
Koonch 10 3 6 2
Total 62 22 49 22 Source: Gram Panchayat, 2010
P 5.023 Land use pattern
The total land of Tikkar panchayat is 712 hectare. The whole panchayat is rainfed. The cultivated land is 136 hectare under different farming system i.e. agriculture and horticulture. The rest of area is under barren, pasture, ghasni and forests etc. The barren is 19 hectare.
P 5.023a Areas (ha) of panchayat (village wise) under different land use systems
Sr. No.
Name of village
Total land
Irrigated Un irrigated
Agri. Horti. Veg. Barren Pasture Ghasni Forest Other
1 Barog 209 - - 21 22 - 4 35 26 94 7
2. Tikkar 129 - - 13 3 - 4 50 22 33 4
3 Kanouri 121 - - 18 3 - 3 8 31 53 5
4 Neri 89 - - 23 1 - 5 16 26 15 3
5 Koonch 164 - - 23 6 - 3 68 42 15 7
Total 712 98 35 19 177 147 210 26
Source: Revenue Patwari P 5.024 Status of Livestock
The animal rearing is the integrated part of farming system in the watershed area. The major animals are cows (local and improved), buffaloes, sheep, goats etc. The people face acute problem of fodder and drinking water for these animals during the stress period. The details of livestock reared by the people in Tikkar panchayat are given below: P 5.024a Number of milch and dry cows (Local and improved) and Buffaloes
A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /program as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out.
P 5.031 Strengths of the watershed area
Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of Vegetable crops
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available.
People are well versed with animal husbandry. Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
P 5.032 Weaknesses
Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
Hailstorm prone area.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation.
Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs to be reconsidered.
P 5.033 Opportunities
Introduction of organic farming
Roof water harvesting
Training to the farmers on horticulture management, floriculture, poultry and mushroom production etc.
Revival of Mahila Mandals and SHGs which are dysfunctional presently
Installation of vegetable collection centre at ward/panchayat level
Introduction of crossbred animals
P 5.034 Threats
Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
Soil erosion in the sloppy lands.
Unscientific farming practices.
Deforestation.
Declining of the traditional artisans.
Social distress.
Declining of fodder sources. Lack of interest and motivation.
Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities.
Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise as given below.
P 5.041 Entry point activities suggested at different locations of watershed Ward Activity
Location Size Beneficiaries Cost (Rs.) Purpose
/use
Barog Tank with pipe
Natwal to Barog
1.250 KM
All beneficiaries 1,67,200 Drinking
Neri Vegetable collection center
Neri near shop & school
6 x 5 All beneficiaries 2,60,000 To collect farm produce
The main sources of irrigation in the gram Panchayat are Tellabs, Dam, tanks and water schemes. The most of the cultivated area is rainfed. The existing water resources are drying due to climatic change. The people face acute problem of water during stress period, specifically for the irrigation of vegetable crops etc. P 5.051 Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity
Name of structure
Number of structure
Capacity (m3) Project intervention
No. of beneficiaries
Old New Old New Old New Old New
Kachha talab 1 23 70 1600 1600 All
Roof water harvesting
- 18 - 324 324 All
Tanks 5 28 210 1516 1516 All
P 5.051a WATER BODIES /WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES Work Name
P5.051d Total Storage Capacity of Existing and New structures Scheme Existing structures( m3) New structures (m3 Total capacity (m3)
Watershed 280 3150 3430
Convergence - 290 290
Total Capacity 280 3440 3720
P5.052 Budget Scheme Existing structures (Rs) New structures (Rs) Total (Rs)
Watershed - 3584170 3584170
Convergence - 460430 460430
Total Capacity - 4044600 40,44,600
P5.053 Total storage capacity and cost through watershed and convergence
programme Particulars Capacity (m3) Cost (Rs)
Watershed 3430 3584170
Convergence 290 460430
Total 3720 40,44,600 Presently, if all the existing watershed structures are renovated, this will enhance storage capacity to 3720 m
3with cost estimate of Rs. 40,44,600
(Total water harvesting potential Storage capacity (watershed) + storage capacity (convergence) = 3720 m
3
Area to be irrigated under watershed programme =18.60 ha. Note : Total area is calculated by dividing total water available under watershed with depth of irrigation
The main agricultural crops grown in the Panchayat wheat and maize among cereal crops rajmash and Mash among pulses. The productivity of crop was observed very low due to rainfed condition. This can be increased through increase in irrigation facilities and latest technology. Part 5.061 Prevalent Farming System under Agriculture
Crops grown : Sarson Total Productions : 20kg ( based on PRA exercise)
Status Particulars Sarson
Existing Area under cultivation 2Bigha
Production 20 kg
Productivity 10 kg/ bigha
Variety Local and toria
Technology Broad Casting and line method
Proposed Increase in area 2 Bigha
Variety Improved (T-9) Jawala
Seed Quantity required by beneficiary group 12Kg Source: Household survey, Regionla Centre,NAEB, UHF, 2010
P 5.062d Requirement of improved seed under different crops Particulars Quantity Project contribution with 10%
Seed replacement rate (Kg) Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Cereals
Maize 75 7 140
Wheat 270 27 675
Barley 204 20 500
Pulses
Urad 32 3 270
Rajmash 100 10 750
Sarson 12 1 25
Total 2360 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Maize (25x3), Wheat (18x15), Barley (17x12), Pulses Rajmash(10x10) and Urad (8x4) and oil seed (4x3) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 percent replacement rate each year for two years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries.
P 5.063 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Presently 174 families are involved in agriculture production. After project intervention 52 additional families will be involved in agriculture (i.e 10 families in maize, 14 in wheat, 8 in Barley, in Pluses 15 families and in oil seed 5 families). In total 226 families will be benefited after project intervention and the seed requirement for all these families will be 693 kg i.e. 75 kg seeds for maize, 270 kg for wheat, 204kg for Barley ,132 kg seed of Pulses and 12 kg oil seed.
b) Skill development and capacity building of about 25 to 30 farmers from the Panchayat
c) Encouragement towards organic farming and improving fertility of soils through
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear, and walnut etc. are grown .Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, beans, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income.
P5.071 Prevalent Farming Practices under Horticulture
Lack of technical knowledge for cultural operation
Knowledge about PHT.
Lack of value addition.
Availability of fertilizers
P 5.074 Marketing f) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli, Shimla market and Apple are sold at
Dhalli, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
P5.075 Project Interventions jj) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. kk) Vegetable collection centre. ll) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. mm) Farm based enterprises nn) Irrigation through moisture conservation measures oo) Drip irrigation Sprinkler pp) Vegetable seed production area
P 5.075a Proposed fruit crop intervention in the Project Area Apple
Sr. No.
Name of ward No. of household
No. of Plants
Area (Bigha) Amount(RS)
1 Barog 40 800 22 20000
2 Tikkar 32 640 18 16000
3 Kanouri 41 820 23 20500
4 Neri 39 780 22 19500
5 Koonch 42 840 24 21000
Total 194 3880 109 97,000
Pear:
Sr. No. Name of ward No. of household No. of Plants Area (Bigha) Amount(RS)
1 Barog 40 600 15 7200
2 Tikkar 32 480 12 5760
3 Kanouri 41 615 15 7380
4 Neri 39 585 14 7020
5 Koonch 42 630 15 7560
194 2910 71 34,920
The quantity of plant for each crop has been determined by the total number of plants x Bigha i. e apple 35 plant /bigha and pear 40/bigha.
P 5075b Requirement of Improved Vegetable Seed in Project Area
Crops Seed requirement Quantity (Kg)
Project contribution with 10% seed replacement
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Cabbage 4250 gm 425 gm 8500
Beans 588 Kg 58 Kg 27840
Peas 720 Kg 72 Kg 7200
Cauliflower 1000 gm 100 gm 4000
Potato 1500 kg 150 Kg 18000
Capsicum 210 gm 21 gm 1155
Tomato 420 gm 42 gm 630
Total 67,325
The quantity of seed for each vegetable crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bigha with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. Cabbage (50 gm), Beans (6 kg), Peas (8 kg),Cauliflower(50 gm), Potato (150 kg), Capsicum (30 gm), Tomato(20 gm) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 2 years. This seed may be given as samples among the beneficiaries for development and demonstration units
P 5.076 Impact/Project Outcome
24. Skill development /capacity building of 76 farmers 25. Cropping pattern changed. Area under vegetable increased (44 bighas) 26. Farming systems changed. Areas under fruit crops increased (30 bighas) 27. Production of fruit and vegetable from the areas enhanced 28. Livelihood of 43 more farming families linked with horticulture
Animal rearing is the second important activity for livelihood along with Agriculture. Animals are reared by farmers mainly for milk, FYM, Milch animals are local as well as improved. Hence milk production is low.
P 5.081 Milk Production and fodder requirement
Total numbers of milching cattle in the panchayat are 276 and average production of milk per day is 2.5 lt from local cows, 5.0 lt from jersey cows and 3 lt from buffaloes per day. The total milk production/day is 797.5 lt for different species.
P 5.081a Average and Total milk production Milch cattle Number Average milk
production lt./day Total production (lt.)
Buffaloes 20 3 60
Cow(Local) 217 2.5 542.5
Cow (improved) 39 5 195
Total 276 797.5
P 5.082 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
Green fodder available in project area is 6142 tons whereas dry fodder available is 3685 ton. Total 9827 ton. Fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 14742 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 4914 ton. Total fodder required is 19656 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 8600 ton. and that of dry fodder is 1229 tons.
P 5.082a Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons)
P 5083a Requirement of fodder trees and grasses in wards
Name of Ward
Fodder Trees Grasses
Area (ha.)
No. of Plants
Estimated Budget(Rs)
Area (ha.)
Quantity of seeds (kg)
Estimated Budget (Rs)
Barog 2 2200 40000 2 70 8400
Tikkar 1.5 1650 30000 2 70 8400
Kanouri 1.5 1650 30000 1 35 4200
Neri 1 110 20000 1.5 53 6360
Koonch 1 1100 20000 1.5 53 6360
7 6710 1,40,000 8 281 33,720
q) Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands r) Training and Capacity Building
Live stock management
Animal Health
Artificial insemination
Improved grasses / Fodder trees Exposure visits
Number of Training
Four trainings with 5-7 farmers in each trainings
Exposure visits for 5-7 farmers
P 5.084 Project outcome/impact P 5.084a Estimated production of milk after project intervention
Milk production after project intervention will increase to 4 lt. /day and total production of milk after project intervention will be 1112.5 liters. P 5.084b Milk production from cows and buffaloes
Milch cattle No. Milk production lt./day
Total production (lt.)
Buffaloes 20 4 80
Cow(Local) 217 3.5 273
Cow (improved) 39 7 759.5
Total 276 1112.5
P 5.084c Total milk production before and after project intervention. Increase in milk production is 315 lt. with total production of 1112.5 lt.
Milch cattle Before project (lt.) After project (lt.) Increase after project
P 5.10 FISHERY Fishery ranges from small family operations relying on traditional fishing methods to large corporations using large fleets and the most advanced technology. Small scale fishery is ordinarily conducted in water relatively close to home. Although fishery is not practiced in the panchayat but it needs to be encouraged and introduced in the panchayat as number of water harvesting structures are already available in the area. Fishery should be introduced in the panchayat to improve livelihood through this income generating activity.
P 5.10a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common No Size (ft) location No Size (ft) Location
- - 3 3x2x1 Kyar, Kanawari and Kanori
Common
P 4.09ab Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
The panchayat area falls in the rain fed area. Water resources are very limited which has been taped fully by the local people for drinking and irrigation purposes. In earlier days there were water bodies (Bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and transect- walk of the water shed area source some of fact regarding drinking water come up.
Dried up of the water bawaries due to the climate change.
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in population.
Less care of maintenance of water bodies, which is due to the habit of tap water provided at door step provided by the IPH department, lifted from Giri River.
Less percolation for the existing Bawaries due to less range and drying up of Johar at the watershed area
Presently people take the water through taps, which is provided in alternative days.
P 5.11 Availability of water in the panchayat P 5.11a Availability of water before and project interventions
Sr. No
Particulars Capacity (lt)
Present After Project intervention
1 Total supply of water per day 43150 181500
2 Total House holds 194 194
3 Total population 920 920
4 Water Available per house hold per day 222 935
5 Per capita Availability 47 197
P 5.111 Status of Drinking water in different wards of Panchayat
P 5.111a Structure, water availability on daily and monthly basis Ward/ Village
Name of Structure Availability of water /day from the source
The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Heavy and uncontrolled grazing
Deforestation in the watershed areas
Construction of roads and dumping of debris along Nala side
Cutting of bushes and hedges by local people for fuel and fodder purpose
Lake of physical and bio logical structures, which facilitate water conservation
Excessive use of cultivated land for Veg. purpose.
P5.121 To check soil erosion, following interventions are recommendation
Construction of check dams from top to bottom to minimize the flow of water.
Construction of crate walls to sloppy land sliding area.
Construction of Contour and trenches to check soil erosion.
Proper bunding on the cultivated lands by planting grasses
Biological/vegetative engineering measures along the slope land
P 5.122 Various structure are required to be constructed at different location for
checking soil erosion P 5.122a Structure with number of beneficiaries
Activity Ward Name
Location Proposed (No)
Families Benefited
Size(m) Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Dry check dam
Kunch Kunch nala 3 11 4x2x1 10800
Barog Bag Bnajji Nala 4 All 4x2x1 14400
Neri Dhabav ojad Nala 10 7 4x2x1 36000
Neri Nala 5 3 4x2x1 18000
Ratu Nala 5 14 4x2x1 18000
Kanori Kyar Nala 8 14 4x2x1 28800
Kanori Nala 5 All 4x2x1 18000
Sarehal nala 8 All 4x2x1 28800
Dunjra Nala 10 All 4x2x1 36000
Total 58 2,08,800
Crate Wall Kanori Kyar Nala 2 4 4x2x1 11000
Namoti Nala 2 5 4x2x1 11000
Kalar Nala 3 3 4x2x1 16500
Total 7 38,500
Soil conservation work includes formation of dry check dams/gully plugging. In this panchayat total 58 dry check dams will be constructed which will benefit 80 families of the area and 7 crate wall will be constructed which will be benefit 12 families of the area.
Vegetative Measure: Various ty pes of trees (Robinia,kenth), Shrubs (|Berbris, Ruses) and grasses (Chrysopogon falues, Cynodon dactylon, Napier etc.) can be grown in the areas prone to soil erosion. Fodder grasses like Napier grass can be used on farm bunds. For demonstration in each panchayat about 10,000 cuttings could be planted/ distributed to farmers. Outcome
P5.13 CONVERGENCE The linkage of the IWMP-IV Tikkar with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of identifying different activities under the IWMP and their association with other activities of different line departments can be assured through convergence. This is the best tool to derive support from different line departments.
The following activities can be converged from one head to another:
Developmental activities like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY, PWD, IPH and MNREGA program
Employment Generation with MNREGA programme run by Rural Development Department
To improve productivity, distribution of improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides can be converged with State Agriculture Department under Pandit Dindayal Krishi Yojna
Construction of poly houses and vegetable Collection Centres at watershed level can be constructed under the Horticulture Technology Mission run by Department of Horticulture
Income generating activities and micro-enterprises with rural employment programme, Prime Minster Employment Generation Programme. Self –Employment Schemes etc.
Diary development and sheep-goats rearing for the resource less people under Dudh Ganga Pariyojana run by the Animal Husbandry Department
Table : Activity/ work to be taken other programme/scheme Sr.No. Activity
/work Programme /scheme for convergence
Agency/ Deptt
Budget contribution (Rs.)
Watershed convergence Beneficiaries Total
1 Kachha Talab
MNREGA RD 622170 100430 - 722600
2 Roof Water
MNREGA RD 912000 114000 91200 1117200
3 Tank MNREGA RD 20,50,000 2,46,000 2,05,000 25,01,000
Income generating activity reported in the watershed areas are carpentry, masonry, shoe making and weavers, diary, poultry, sheep and goats rearing, pattal and basket making etc,. These income generating activities can transform the rural poor, if they have given more opportunities in the form of trainings, equipments and machine etc., cutting and tailoring, achar making, jam, jelly, candy and juices making can be other options for rural women to improve their socio-economic conditions.
The skills of local artisans can be improved by providing more opportunities at their door steps. Keeping in view the above mentioned facts, the following activities will be taken up under watershed programme for farmers.
P5.141 Income enhancement and employment generation through different income generating activities
P5.141a Number of households with activities and income Sr. No
Activity Existing No. of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Carpenter 10 15 90000/450 180000/900
2 Weaver 2 2 9000/60 18000/20
3 Masonry 4 4 48000/240 96000/480
4 Vermcompost - 7 - 28350/210
5 Gharat 1 1 1500/30 4500/90
6 Fish culture - 3 - 89100/810
7 Horticulture nursery
- 1 - New concept
8 Seed village concept
- 3 - New concept
The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which
will be verified during the implementation by the PIA.
P 5.142 Activity Wise Projects
1. Carpentry q. Purpose : Livelihood/ Enhancement of income r. Category : SC/ IRDP s. No. of families involved : 15 t. Project intervention
ix. Training x. Tools and equipments
Outcomes of Projects
Present income/mandays(Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
90000/450 180000/900 Machine plainer and training.
6. Fish culture a) Purpose : Livelihood/Enhancement of income b) Category : NSC c) No. of families involved : 3 d) Project Intervention i. Training ii. Fish seed
Outcome of project
Present income/ mandays (Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
- 89100/810 Tank and breed 1,06,000
Introduction of seed village concept at ward level Ward Location No. Beneficiaries Cost (Rs.)
Kanouri 1 41 1,25,000
Neri 1 25 1,25,000
Koonch 1 42 1,25,000
3 108 3,75,000 Note: Seed of vegetable/floriculture will be produced at this location
P5.15 LIVELIHOOD CONCERNS The land resource is the primary and major source of livelihood activities in the watershed area. These natural resources can be used properly by adopting integrated farming system to get more return per unit space per unit time. Area is suitable for the cultivation of apple, pear, pomegranate and walnut. These fruits plants can be integrated with agriculture and animal’s husbandry to increase the productivity of land. The shortage of fodder leads farmers to rear only local breeds of animals that are too for self consumption of milk and farm yard manure. This shortage of fodder can be overcome by introducing multipurpose tree species. Other option of livelihood is the revival of rural artisans and for this best options with the rural artisans are carpenter, masonry, weaving, crafting and shoe making. The rural poor can earn good amount of money from these professions. These are some of important income generating activities need to be introduced in the watershed area. There is a dire need to aware, motivate and trained the local poor artisans. These artisans should be provided with equipments to earn their livelihood and to improve their socio economic conditions.
P5.151 Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Sr. No.
Category wise Total No. of household
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 127 Agriculture +horticulture +animal husbandry + micro enterprises
2 SC 67 Agriculture
3 BPL 111 Agriculture and labourers
P5.152 AGRICULTURE
Sr. No.
Particulars Before project
After project intervention
1 No. of days/year food grain sufficiently at home per family
4 months 5 months
2 Average production from agriculture 5.8 qt/family 6.5 Q
3 Income from agriculture Self consumption
Self consumption
4 No. of families who want to increase areas (all crops in agriculture combined)
To implement watershed activities more effectively skill development and capacity building at Panchayat level is very important. The activities proposed are given below:
P5.161 Modules
P5.161a Awareness Camps
Will be organized at Panchayat level P5.161b Training:
Training will be organized at
Block level
DRDA level
Institutional level
P5.161c Exposure Visits:
Exposure visits will be conducted at University/ Institutions /Field
P5.161d Special Trainings will be organized in the professional institutes
P5.162 Activities with number of participants
P5.162a Target groups and location of programme
Target group No. of
participants Activity Location
Member of Gram Shabha
All Awareness camps Panchayat level
PRI, VLI Members 10 Watershed Implementation and management Block level
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
3 to 5/panchayat
Water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries and micro enterprises etc.
Block level (One trainings for such activities)
Self Help Groups, User Groups and Beneficiary groups
Name of the State : Himachal Pradesh Name of the District :Shimla Name of Block : Theog Name of Panchayat :Tikkar Total Area in Hectare : 712 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount : Rs.1,06,80,000 Total Village :5 Sr. No.
Located at an altitude of 5529 feet above mean sea level Gram Panchayat Tikkar comprises the total area of 712 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 106.80 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 920 out of which 127 families are of general, families are of OBC and are 67 of scheduled caste. In total 62 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 3440 m3 with total cost of Rs 40,44,600 which will irrigate 18.60 hac area of the panchayat.
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 78 bigha. In total 681 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 4720 and 9 vermicomposting units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 63000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 30-35 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 7760 Plants of apple and 5820 plant of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 2,63,840. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 1,34,650 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 5 pollyhouse and 3 seed village concept will be demonstrated the Rs. 6,25,000 and 375000 respectively has been earmarked for the purpose.
Total number of animals in the panchayat are 1365 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 6710 plants of fodder and 281 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 1,40,000. and Rs 33,720 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area. 20 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 83000 lt with cost estimate of Rs 5,76,000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 47 lt to 197 lt after project.
Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 2,47,300 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro- enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are rural artisans making, Goatry, Poultry, and dairy farming. A total of Rs 4,49,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools.
Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs.4,27,200), water harvesting structures (Rs.40,44,600), agriculture development (Rs.67,720), horticulture development (Rs.23,23,490), animal husbandry (Rs.1,73,720), drinking water (Rs 5,76,000), soil conservation (Rs 2,47,300), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 4,49,000) and capacity building (Rs 5,34,000)
Note: addition and deletion of the beneficiaries under Gharat can be considered during the execution of the
programme.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-326]
Chapter- I
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT AREA
The IWMP-IV (Integrated Watershed Management Programme) Theog was sanctioned for the Theog Development Block in the year 2008 by the ministry of rural development (GOI). The project is being executed by the state government under rural development department. The district rural development agency is the nodal agency to execute the programme at district level. At the block level Block Development Officer Theog is the project implementing agency (PIA) to coordinate with different gram panchayats at field level. There are 50 Gram Panchayats in Theog block. The IWMP project is being started in 33 Gram Panchayat in different watershed/ catchment area. The different Nallahas and Khuds of the watershed drains into Giri River which is a tributary of river Yamuna. The IWMP-IV Theog covers the seven Gram panchayats of Theog block .The main feature of the watershed area is as under:
1. Acute shortage of drinking water. 2. The water resources for irrigation are drying day by day and existing resources
have been fully utilized.
3. Problems of soil erosion.
4. The contiguity of the watershed area.
5. People awareness and participation of the watershed area for natural resource
management is good.
6. The watershed area comprises of schedule caste population too.
7. Productivity potential of the land is high.
8. Whole area of the watershed is rain fed.
9. Fruit crops, cereals, Pulses and vegetables are the major crops of the
watershed.
10. Animal rearing is also an integral part of the watershed.
11. Basic infrastructure of roads, electricity and communication are available.
12. Majority of people are dependent on farm land based activities.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-327]
1.1a Sanctioned Budgetary Provosions
Watershed : IWMP- IV Theog
Area : 5040 ha
Amount : 756.00 lacs
Gram panchayats under IWMP- IV Theog
Sr. No. Gram Panchayat Area No. of villages
1 Mundu 1020 5
2 Balghar 256 1
3 Kuthar 1411 11
4 Basadhar 813 5
5 Tikker 712 5
6 Sainj 590 8
7 Kamah 238 6
Total 5040 41
1.1b ACTIVITY AND BUDGET
Amount in Lacs
Sr.No Budget
Component
% of the
budget
Mundu Balghar Kuthar Basadhar Tikkar Sainj Kamah Total
Total 100 153.00 38.40 211.65 121.95 106.80 88.50 35.70 755.85
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-328]
1.1c Methodology A. District level
k. Collection of data at district level
vi. DRDA and Line department
l. Meeting with CEO (DRDA), Project Officer, Heads of Line Departments
B. Block level
p. Data collection
q. One day orientation with pradhan secretaries and panchayat sahayak at block
level
r. Meeting with line department officials of agriculture, horticulture and animal
husbandry department
C. Panchayat Level
z. General meeting at Panchayat level with members of Panchayat Sameeti,
Pradhan and Ward members
aa. Collection of revenue data from Patwari
bb. Collection of socio economic data from Panchayat Secretary
cc. Village level meeting organized, PRA exercises and transect walks
dd. Identification of beneficiary group for different activities
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-329]
Chapter- II
2.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AREA
2.1 DISTRICT
The district Shimla was formed by merging of old princely states of Belsan, Bajhi, Bushar, Darkoti, Throch, Dari, Kumarsain, Jubbal, Dartesn, Theog etc. The name of the Shimla district was derived from goddess Shiyamali. It was summer capital of the British India. It was also the capital of East Punjab before Independence. In 15 April 1948 Shimla was merged with Himachal and was made district in 1966. In 1971 it was made capital of the Himachal Pradesh.
2.1.1Geographical Feature
Himachal Pradesh has 12 districts and Shimla is one of them. Both state and district H.Q is situated in Shimla town. Shimla district lies in outer and lower Himalayas between 30’.45” latitude and 77’ to 78’.25” longitude and altitude of district varies between 2500 to 16000 feet. The lowest and highest point being the Sunni Tehsil and Chanshal pass respectively. It is located in North East region of the state. On North side it is surrounded by Kullu and Kinnaur districts of the state, on South East and West by Sirmour district of the state and Dehradun of the Uttrakhand and North West by Solan and Mandi of Himachal Pradesh. The hills and mountain ranges are generally aligned in the east –west directions which present a complicated pattern of relief. The predominately rough terrain, the prevalence of introducing spurs, narrow and steep side valleys throughout the district reflects the youthfulness of its topography.
2.1.2 Population
The total population of the district is 7, 21,745 (census 2001) comprising of 3, 80,244 males and 3, 41,501 females. The schedule caste population is 1, 67,482 and schedule tribes are 4,369. The density of the population is 141 persons per square meter. Shimla town is the most densely populated town in the district. The literacy rate of the district is 77 percent. The district has 6 towns, 12 tehsils and 331 Gram Panchayats.
2.1.3 Rivers
The major rivers following in the district are Satluj, Pabbar, Giri, and Nogli Khad.
2.1.4 Climate
The district has temperate climate. The average annual precipitation is 1028 mm and the temperature of the district ranges from subfreezing to 400 Celsius. The average temperature during summer is between 200 C to 400C, and between -7 0C and 10 0C in winter. Precipitation varies from 24 mm in November to 415 mm in July. Snowfall in the region, takes place in the month of December, has lately (over the last 15 years) been happening in January or early February every year. There are four broad seasons December wards the outset of winter which continues till the end of February, some time
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-330]
continuing till the month of March and it is stormy with occasional frosts. The snow and sleet fall in the upper regions while rains are confined to lower area from March onward. Weather begins to warm up from March to June. Summer is followed by monsoon and humidity is high. Monsoon ends in mid of September and autumn begins and last till the end of November. Maximum temperature varies from 15.40 C to 30.60 C (June) and -20 C to 150 C during winter. Annual precipitation varies from 447 to 1084mm.
2.1.5 Soil
On the whole soils are young and thin deep ploughing is neither possible nor advisable. Generally the soil on the northern slope is thicker than those of southern slopes. The texture of the soil ranges from silty loam to clay loam, the colour varies from dark to brown. The organic content is higher, Nitrogen availability is from medium to high, and Potash availability is medium. The presence of Phosphorous is from low to medium. The soil reaction ranges from moderately acidic to neutral.
2.1.6 Irrigation
Most of the area is rainfed. The irrigation facilities are limited. The main sources for
irrigation are kuhals and nallahs.
2.1.7 Land Classifications
2.1.7(1) Various type of lands available alongwtih areas (ha)
1 Total geographical area 513100
2 Forest 128700
3 Barren and unculturable land 12000
4 Land put to Non agriculture land 15000
5 Culturable waste 12400
6 Permanent pasture 249200
7 Land under miscellaneous trees, crops etc 68000
Source: Statistical out line of HP 2008-09
2.1.8 Agriculture The Rabi and Kharif are the two cropping seasons of the district. The major cereal crops of the district are Wheat, Barley, maize, and among pulses Rajmash, Mash and Kulath etc. are grown in the watershed area.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-331]
2.1.8(I) Area under agriculture crops
Particulars Area (ha)
Total area 56,056
Sr. No. Crop 1 Paddy 2,923
2 Maize 16,685
3 Wheat 19,758
4 Barley 4,574
5 Pulses 5,544
6 Others 6,572 Source: - Department of Economics- & statistics 2002
2.1.9 Horticulture The climate of the district is very suitable for fruit crops; the apple of the Shimla district is very familiar for its quality, flavour, taste and colour in the country and world over. The main fruit crops grown in district are apple, pear, plum, almond, apricot, cherry etc. The farmers are shifting towards protected cultivation by installing green house, polyhouse for vegetable and flower cultivation.
2.1.9(I) Area under Fruit Crops
Area (ha)
Total area 42,434
Sr. No. Crop
1 Apple 35,905
2 Other temperate fruits 3,415
3 Subtropics fruits 278
4 Nuts & dry fruits 2,041
5 Citrus 795 Source: Department of Economics &Statics HP.
2.1.10 Animal Husbandry/ Livestock
The major animals reared by the farmers are goats, cows, bullock, sheep, horses etc. The details are as under.
Sr. No. Livestock Population 1 Total 5,82,368
2 Buffaloes 22,450
3 Cows and Bullock 3,27,690
4 Sheep 1,29,949
5 Goat 96,378
6 Pig 1,031
7 Others 4,870
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-332]
2.2 THEOG BLOCK
The Theog development block is situated at the distance of 32 km from the district Headquarter. The altitude of the Theog block ranges from 1000 m 2500 m above mean sea level (abmsl). The geographical area of the block is 47,547 ha. The population of the block is 74,200 comprising of 37,816 male and 36384 females. The schedule caste population is 20,541 and there are 42 numbers of scheduled tribe. There are 50 Gram Panchayats 400 villages and 14,234 numbers of households in the block. There are 4522 BPL families, 2995 Antoyadaya families and 2,724 families are availing PDS facilities. The literacy rate of the block is 72 percent of the total population.
2.2.1 Geography
Theog is located at 310N. It has average elevation of 1965 metres (6446 feet). It is situated on National Highway NH22 (on the Hindustan-Tibet Road), a 32km away from Shimla, and is a town of five ‘Ghats’: Rahi Ghat, Deori Ghat, Prem Ghat, Janoghat, and Bagaghat.
Theog is growing vegetable which include Cabbage, Cauliflower, Broccoli, and Capsicum and also growing fruits which includes Apple, Peach, Cherry and Apricots. Local people live a happy and healthy life, enjoy their culture to the hilt. Women folk are educated and equally participate with their male counterparts, in the day to day activities. Theog is the number one producer of vegetables in Asia.
2.2.2 Climate
The climate of the Theog block is temperate. There is variation in climate. Different kind of flora is found in the Theog block. The major species found in the area are Beol, Tuni, Drake, Kachnar at the lower elevation, Kail, Devdar, Ban, Moru, etc, at the higher elevation. The temperatures of the block ranges between subfreezing to 370 Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 800 to 1,400 m.m.
2.2.3 Soil
The soil of the Theog block is clay, sandy, loam and black. The productivity of the soil is very high for vegetable and fruit crops. The water retaining capacity is moderate in whole of the block. The land use pattern of the Theog block is as under.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-333]
2.2.4 Land Classification
2.2.4 (I) Various type of lands available alongwtih areas (ha)
Sr.
No.
Agriculture land 8211 (ha)
1 Irrigated 105
2 Barren land 579
3 Grass land 11186
4 Pasture land 13259
5 Forests land 7559
6 Horticulture land 359
7 Others 6394
8 Total geography area 47547
Source: Department of Economics and statistics
2.2.5 Agriculture /Horticulture Development
The area under major crops and pluses is as under.
2.2.5 (I) Agriculture Crops
Crops Area (ha)
A Food Crops 1575.00
1 Maize 1140.00
2 Paddy -
3 Wheat 265.00
4 Barley 170.00
B Pulses 147.00
1 Black Gram, Rajmash 111.00
2 Gram, red gram 36.00
C Non food crops 16.00 Source: - Department of Agriculture 2007-08
2.2.6 Horticulture
The main fruits crops grown in the Theog block is apple, plum, apricot, almond and
among vegetable peas, potato, cabbage, cauliflowers, capsicum are grown.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-334]
2.2.6(I) Vegetables
Sr.no. Vegetables Crops Area (ha)
Total 1913.00
1 Peas 1000.00
2 Tomato 28.00
3 Cabbage 420.00
4 Cauliflower 125.00
5 French Bean 110.00
6 Capsicum/Chillies 148.00
7 Lady Finger 4.00
8 Brinjal 2.00
9 Cucurbits 10.00
10 Onion 2.00
11 Radish/Turnip 14.00
12 Others 50.00 Source: -Department of Agriculture Field Survey 2007-08
2.2.7 Animal Husbandry/Livestock Population
The animals reared by the farmers of the Theog block are cows, sheep’s, goat, horses,
mules, buffaloes etc. The numbers are as under.
2.2.7 (I) Livestock population
Sr. No. Live stock name Population
1 Cows 31,083
2 Bullock 17,099
3 Sheep 3,032
4 Horses 736
5 Mules 897
6 Buffaloes 27,151
Source: - Animal husbandry Distt. Shimla
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-335]
2.3 WATERSHED AREA (IWMP IV-THEOG)
The IWMP project was sanctioned to the Theog Block in the year 2008 by the ministry of
rural development (GOI). The project is being executed by the state government under
the state rural development department. The district rural development agency (DRDA)
is the nodal agency to execute the programme at district level. At the block level Block
Development Officer Theog is the field level project implementing agency (PIA) to
coordinate with different Gram Panchayats at field level. There are 50 Gram Panchayats
in Theog block. The IWMP project is being started in 33 Gram Panchayat in different
watershed/catchment area.
DPR of IWMP IV is prepared for the treatment of 5040 ha land area which is spread over in 7 Panchayats and 4 Micro watersheds naming Mundu, Balghaar, Kuthar, Basadhar, Tikker, Sainj and Kamah.
2.3(I) Sanctioned Budgetary provisions for the different Panchayat/Micro
Watersheds
Sr.
No.
Gram Panchayat Area Budget No. of
villages
1 Mundu 1020 1,53,00,000/- 5
2 Balghar(Chambal
ward)
256 38,40,000/- 1
3 Kuthar 1411 2,11,95,000/- 11
4 Basadhar 813 1,21,65,000/- 5
5 Tikker 712 1,06,80,000/- 5
6 Sainj 590 88,50,000/- 8
7 Kamah( Sanai
ward)
238 35,70,000/- 6
Total 5040 7,56,00,000/- 41
2.3.1 Soil Status The soil of the watershed area is sandy loam, clay and black soil. The soil is shallow to moderate and in some places deep soil is also found. The terrain of the land is very sloppy.
2.3.2 Demography
The total population of the watershed area is 8121 out of which 4094 are males and 4017 are females. The schedule caste population constitute 36 percent of the total population.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-336]
2.3.3 Socio-economic profile The total population of the watershed areas is 8121 out of which 4094 are males and 4017 females. The scheduled caste population is 2936 Scheduled tribe/OBC does not exist in the area.
Table 2.3.3 (I) Demographic profile of different panchayats
Name of Panchayat General Schedule Caste Total
Sr. No
M F T M F T M F T
1 Mundu 520 532 1052 134 122 256 654 654 1308
2 Balghar(Chambal ward)
79 86 165 91 93 184 170 179 349
3 Kuthar 710 741 1451 516 502 1018 1226 1243 2469
4 Basadhar 489 440 929 106 90 196 595 520 1125
5 Tikker 286 281 567 182 171 353 468 452 920
6 Sainj 447 416 863 409 424 833 856 840 1696
7 Kamah( Sanai ward)
78 80 158 47 49 96 125 129 254
G. Total 2609 2576 5185 1485 1451 2936 4094 4017 8121 M - Male, F-Female, T-Total.
Table 2.3.3 (II) Details of household population of the watershed areas
Sr. No Name of Panchayat Total Number of
Household
Total population
1 Mundu 285 1318
2 Balghar(Chambal ward) 59 349
3 Kuthar 430 2469
4 Basadhar 233 1125
5 Tikker 194 920
6 Sainj 398 1696
7 Kamah( Sanai ward) 57 254
Total 1656 8131
Table 2.3.3 (III) Antodaya and BPL Families under different castes
Gram Panchayats General Scheduled Caste
Antodaya BPL Antodaya BPL
Mundu 55 80 14 23
Balghar(Chambal ward) 03 09 0 0
Kuthar 32 59 38 49
Basadhar 36 49 13 27
Tikker 22 62 22 49
Sainj 23 42 32 43
Kamah( Sanai ward) 6 8 5 8
Total 177 309 124 199
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-337]
2.3.4 Land use pattern of watershed areas
Land of the watershed is put for different uses which constitute agriculture, horticulture, vegetable, pasture, ghasni, forest etc
Table 2.3.4 (I) The land use pattern of IWMP-IV
Source: – Revenue Patwar Circle.
2.3.5 Livestock Population
The animal rearing is the integral part of the watershed area. The major animals are cows, (locals and improved), bullocks, horses, goats, sheep’s etc. The detail of livestock reared by the people in watershed area is as under
2.3.5(I) Status of local and improved cows of IWMP-IV Theog block
Name of GP Cows Local Cows Improved Buffaloes
Milch Dry Total Milch Dry Total Milch Dry Total
Mundu 226 273 499 115 8 123 10 1 11
Balghar 49 32 81 9 0 9 0 0 0
Kuthar 227 167 394 204 30 234 10 1 11
Basadhar 177 122 299 83 2 85 10 8 18
Tikker 217 96 313 39 0 39 20 3 23
Sainj 311 176 487 175 51 226 23 1 24
Kamah 50 20 70 46 4 50 0 0 0
G.T 1257 886 2143 671 95 766 73 14 87
Household Survey-2010
Sr.
No.
Name of
micro
watershed
Name of
panchayat
Total
land
Irrigated Un
irrigated
Agri. Horti. Veg. Barren
and
fellow
Pasture Ghasni Forest Other
1 Mundu Mundu 1020 0 164 105 59 64 22 379 364 48 43
Gram Panchayats Bullocks Calves Goats Sheep Poulty Mule Total
Mundu 410 240 375 30 114 12 1814
Balghar 20 32 10 1 0 0 153
Kuthar 404 430 720 54 0 39 2286
Basadhar 176 197 430 37 0 15 1257
Tikker 315 200 400 63 0 12 1365
Sainj 610 745 135 15 0 0 2242
Kamah 100 70 100 0 0 0 390
G.T 2035 1914 2170 200 114 78 9507
2.3.6 Livelihood in watershed area
The land is the primary source for livelihood activity of the watershed area. The people have adopted integrated farming system. The major source of the income of the people is vegetable cultivation. The cereals crops are grown at very low level. The people are getting good return from the vegetable and fruits crops. The animal reared fulfils the domestic need for milk and FYM of the people. But, due to the shortage of fodder, people are facing acute problem of fodder. The rural artisan in the watershed area are carpenter, masonry, cobbler and weavers but these community has very meagre sources of income for which income generating activities needs to be introduced in the watershed programme. There is a need to revive traditional rural artisans by providing trainings on skill development.
The major sources of the livelihood are
Agriculture
Horticulture- Fruit and vegetable crops
Animal rearing
Rural artisans
Labour
Govt. employees
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-339]
CHAPTER-III
3.0 SWOT ANALYSIS
A critical analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of any region is a good analysis for developing strategies /programmes as it provides valuable insights on potentials, constraints, opportunities and threats based on the primary, secondary and technical data a detailed analysis of SWOT is carried out.
3.1 Strengths of the watershed area
Road infrastructure is available.
Area is suitable for seasonal and offseason vegetable crops.
Area is suited to quality seed production of chilli.
Area is also suitable for fruit crop production.
Unemployed educated youth.
Nearest market is available.
People are well versed with animal husbandry.
Farmers are innovative and ready to adopt new technologies.
3.2 Weaknesses
Area is rainfed.
Soil erosion in the cropped area.
Unconsolidated land holding
Scarcity of fodder.
Hailstorm prone area.
The pasture land/ grazing land are shrinking.
Unequal distribution of available water for irrigation.
Big farmers are getting more water for irrigation on the traditional right basis which needs to be reconsidered.
3.3 Opportunities
Considerable area can be brought under irrigation by adopting water harvesting techniques.
Fruits and vegetable production to raise the socio-economic status by increasing the area under these high yielding crops.
Generation of employment for rural poor, youths and women.
Convergence of different development schemes of different departments.
Opportunity to take other farm based enterprises like Mushroom cultivation, Floriculture, Vermicompost, Bee-keeping and Dairy development.
Capacity building of the youth and unskilled labourers.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-340]
3.4 Threats
Available land for agriculture is declining if S.M.C practices are not adopted.
Soil erosion in the sloppy lands.
Unscientific farming practices.
Deforestation.
Declining of the traditional artisans.
Social distress.
Declining of fodder sources.
Lack of interest and motivation.
3.5 Characteristics of DPR based on SWOT analysis
Conserve and harvest the water resources.
Bring waste land under agriculture and horticulture crops.
Plantation of fodder and grasses to overcome fodder problems. Revival of traditional occupation related to rural artisan.
Capacity building of farmers regarding scientific farm practices.
Promotion for protected cultivation
To encourage livelihood activities like bee- keeping, dairy, nursery raising and Vermicompost etc. and non farming activities like cutting and tailoring, cobbler, masonry, carpentry etc.
Introduction of improved breeds of milch animals and to minimise the less productive animal’s population.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-341]
CHAPTER-IV
4.0 ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES
Entry point activities are necessary part to orient the community members towards thrift and credit activities of the project. Success of government initiated programme largely depends upon the preference given to the entry point activities suggested under the programme. Main objective of entry point activities is to increase people participation in various developmental activities initiated by the government. The money earmarked for entry point activities is 4 per cent of total budget outlay and this amount plays vital role to involve more people in different project development activities. Different entry point activities suggested by farmers during PRA exercise include construction of vegetable collection centers, Talabs, and irrigation tanks etc
4.1 Total Budget: Rs 30.234 lac Gram Panchayat
Activity Location Estimate Cost
Watershed Convergence
Mundu Lift irrigation Eru to lower Mahrowage
3,00,000/- 3,00,000/- Nil
Fruit/ vegetable collection center
Kashna 1,50,000/- 1,50,000/- Nil
Fruit/ vegetable collection center
Mahrowage 1,62,000/- 1,62,000/- Nil
Total 6,12,000/- 6,12,000/-
Balghar Community tank at source Chatyana nala with pipe 1 KM
175000
153600 21400
Total 21400
Kuthar Vegetable collection centre Deothi 1,70,000 1,70,000 Nil
Vegetable collection centre Gowakhari nali 1,70,000 1,70,000 Nil
Vegetable collection centre Kharku 1,70,000 1,70,000 Nil
Vegetable collection centre Shay 1,70,000 1,66600 3400
Vegetable collection centre Dakal 1,70,000 1,70,000 Nil
Total 8,50,000 8,46,600 3400
Basadhar Tank Ser nala 100000 100000 Nil
Kuhal Banala Khad to Chakhna
100000 100000 Nil
Vegetable collection Centre Basadhar 100000 100000 Nil
Vegetable collection Centre Ser 187800 187800 Nil
Total 4,87,800 4,87,800
Tikkar Tank with pipe Natwal to Barog 1,67,200 1,67,200 Nil
Vegetable collection center Neri near shop & school
2,60,000 2,60,000 Nil
Total 4,27,200 4,27,200
Sainj Kuhal Jhintu gali to sainj village
3,54,000 3,54,000 Nil
Total 3,54,000 3,54,000 Nil
Kamah Vegetable collection centre Sanai 142800 142800 Nil
Total 142800 142800 Nil
Grand Total 30,48,800 30,24,000 24800
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-342]
CHAPTER-V
5.0 WATER HARVESTING
5.1 Availability of Water
There are very few sources of irrigation in Theog block of Shimla District. The nallahs, bawaries and tanks are the main sources of drinking/ irrigation water.
5.2 Water harvesting
In past, the water harvesting has been done by constructing different water structures villagers have now suggested to increase the capacity of water bodies. Therefore new construction/repair/renovation of different structure is suggested. The existing and proposed water harvesting structures are as under.
5.2 (I) Existing and proposed water harvesting structures with storage capacity
Name of structure
Status Panchayat No Area/ Capacity (cu.lt)
Project Intervention
No of Beneficiaries
Old/new
Kachha
talab
Old Mundu 2 60 60 All
Balghar
(Chambal ward)
1 20 20 All
Kuthar 11 330 330 All
Basadhar 4 200 0 All
Tikker 1 70 0 All
Sainj 1 0 0 All
Kamah(Sanai
ward)
1 40 40 All
Total 21 720 450
New Mundu 31 3664 3664 285
Balghar(Chambal
ward)
5 468 468 all
Kuthar 35 3752 3752 242
Basadhar 27 2344 2344 154
Tikker 23 1600 1600 All
Sainj 3 360 360 50
Kamah( Sanai
ward)
1 160 160 45
Total 167 13788 13788
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-343]
Roof
Water
Old Mundu 1 10 10 10
Balghar(Chambal
ward)
0 0 0 0
Kuthar 0 0 0 0
Basadhar 0 0 0 0
Tikker 0 0 0 0
Sainj 0 0 0 0
Kamah( Sanai
ward)
0 0 0 0
Total 1 10 10
New Mundu 59 1080 1080 222
Balghar(Chambal
ward)
6 108 108 All
Kuthar 32 576 576 160
Basadhar 33 594 594 215
Tikker 18 324 324 All
Sainj 15 270 270 44
Kamah( Sanai
ward)
4 72 72 45
Total 167 3024 3024
Tank Old Mundu 16 400 400 133
Balghar(Chambal
ward)
2 16 16 All
Kuthar 38 950 950 200
Basadhar 13 325 325 70
Tikker 5 210 210 All
Sainj 3 464 464 0
Kamah( Sanai
ward)
26 260 260 40
Total 103 2625 2625
New Mundu 21 840 840 165
Balghar(Chambal
ward)
7 280 280 All
Kuthar 49 2224 2224 294
Basadhar 42 1680 1680 186
Tikker 28 1516 1516 All
Sainj 50 2000 2000 306
Kamah( Sanai
ward)
7 504 504 45
Total 204 9044 9044
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-344]
Dam New Mundu 2 400 400 102
Kuthar 2 66 66 45
Basadhar 2 600 600 22
Sainj 3 450 450 46
Total 9 1516 1516
Kuhal New Basadhar 3 - - All
Sainj 1 All
Total 4
Note: List of Beneficiaries, location, area and Budget in Annexure
5.2(II) Table: Existing and Proposed Water Availability in the Watershed
Name of
structure
Existing
No.
Existing
Capacity
(m3
Proposed
No.
Capacity Total after
Project
Completion
Kachha
Talab
21 720 167 13788 14508
Roof Water 1 10 167 3024 3034
Tanks 103 2625 204 9044 11669
Dam 0 0 9 1516 1516
Kuhals 0 0 4 0 0
Total 125 3355 551 27372 30727
5.2 (III) Total estimated budget with contribution from project beneficiaries and
convergence funds
Name of structure
Budget estimate cost (Rs)
Contribution Convergence
Project Beneficiaries Kachha Talab 5186100 4789516 396584
Roof Water 9576000 8949000 894900 627000
Tanks 17384000 15744000 1574400 1640000
Dam 2970000 1665000 1305000
Kuhal 330000 300000 30000
Total 3,54,46,100 31447516 2469300 39,98,584
5.2 (IV) Outcomes
Present capacity 3385 (m3)
After project intervention 25668 (m3)
Total availability 29053 (m3)
Total Cost Rs 35446100
Total land 5040 (ha)
Un irrigated land 4911 (ha)
Irrigated land 112 (ha)
After project intervention 145 (ha)
Total irrigated land after project intervention
274 (ha)
Total Area treated 3065 (ha)
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-345]
CHAPTER-VI
6.0 AGRICULTURE
The rainfed agriculture is practiced in the watershed area. People grow wheat, Barley, maize, paddy and pulses.
Proposed Increase in area 66 bigha 43 bighas 29 bighas
Varieties Kanchan, Pioneer
S-308, Sonalika
Improved varieties
Total Seed Quantity required by beneficiary group
870 kg 2610kg
791 kg
6.1(II) Pulses
Pulses grown: Urad,Rajmash
Total Production: 29.55+99.05= 128.60 qt( Based on PRA exercise)
Status Particulars Urad(Blackmash) Rajmash
Existing Area Cultivated by beneficiary group
74 bighas 161 bighas
Production/season 29.55 qt 99.05 qt
Productivity 39 kg/bighas 61 kg/bighas
Variety Local Redcap
Technology Broad casting Indigenous
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-346]
6.1(III) Oil seeds
Oil Seed : Sarson and Til
Total Production: 1.35 qt( Based on PRA exercise)
6.2 Critical Gaps in Agriculture Production
Lack of irrigation facilities.
Lack of scientific agricultural practices.
Timely unavailability of seeds, fertilizers and chemicals for insect-pest management.
Improved seed varieties not adequately used.
6.3 Marketing Negligible quantity is marketed used only for self consumption
6.4 Project Intervention a) Improved seed b) Capacity Building c) Irrigation facility d) Scientific Management e) Integrated diseases pest management
6.4.(I) Requirement of improved seed under different crops is as follows
Cereals Seed rate quantity
Project contribution with 10% Seed replacement rate (Kg)
Estimated Budget (Rs.)
Maize 870 87.0 1922
Wheat 2610 261.0 6850
Barley 791 79.1 3340
Proposed Increase in area 27 bighas 56 bighas
Varieties Improved Jawala
Total Seed Quantity required by beneficiary group
505 kg 1736 kg
Status Particulars Sarson & Til
Existing Area Cultivated by beneficiary group 7 bighas
Production 1.35 qt
Productivity 19 kg/bighas
Variety Local
Technology Indigenous
Proposed Increase in area 4 bighas
Variety Local
Total Seed Quantity required by beneficiary group
22 kg
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-347]
Pulses
Mash 505 50.5 3300
Rajmash 1736 173.6 16605
Oil Seed
Til / Sarson 22 2.2 63
Total 6534 653.4 32080 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
The quantity of seed for each crop has been determined by multiplying the seed rate per bighas with the total area cultivated under different crops i.e. maize (290x3), wheat (174x15), barley(113x7), urad (101x5), rajmash (217x8) and oil seeds (11x2) by number of beneficiaries (list annexure). The project intervention would be replacement of local varieties by improved varieties at 10 per cent replacement rate each year for 2 years. This seed may be given as demonstration units among the beneficiaries.
6.5 Capacity Building and training
Training on cultivation practices of various agriculture crops.
Training on insects & pests management.
Training on post harvest management.
Exposure visits and experience sharing.
6.6 No. of training
Three trainings to a group of 30-35 farmers each for three days
6.7 Exposure visit
One visit of 30 -40 farmers
6.8 Vermi composting
The cultivated area of the watershed is exposed to high doses of chemical fertilizers for obtaining maximum production. The fertility status of the soil is deteriorating day by day. To improve the soil structure and texture, hence Vermicompost of cow dung is being recommended.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-348]
6.8 (I) Proposed vermicompost units
Sr.No Gram panchayat No. of Units Budget (Rs.)
1 Mundu 26 182000
2 Balghar 5 35000
3 Kuthar 41 287000
4 Basadhar 24 168000
5 Tikkar 9 63000
6 Sainj 7 49000
7 Kamaha 5 35000
Total 117 8,19,000 Note: Target for 3
rd and 4
th year
Unit size 3mx1.85mx0.45m
Vermicompost rate 7000 / unit
6.9 Budget in Agriculture Item Contribution Convergence Total
Project Beneficiaries - -
Seed 32080 3208 - -
Vermi Composting 819000 81900 - -
Total 851080 85108 - -
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-349]
CHAPTER-VII
7.0 HORTICULTURE
The chapter deals with the fruit and vegetable crops. Among fruits apple, pear and walnut etc. are grown. Apple is the major cash crop. The watershed area is also cultivated with different types of vegetables. These includes cabbage, bean, capsicum, potato, peas, cauliflower, red chilli etc. the vegetable production is the main farm activity and a good source of employment and income.
39350 gm 3852 kg 4728 kg 11700gm 195 qt 4320 gm 7890 gm
7.3 Critical gaps in Horticulture
Lack of sufficient irrigation facilities
Quality seedling of fruit crop.
Lack of technical knowledge for cultural operation
Knowledge about PHT.
Lack of value addition.
Availability of fertilizers , insecticides and pesticides
Lack of vegetable collection centre
Modern equipments
Seed production 7.4 Marketing
g) Vegetable are sold at Theog, Dhalli and Shimla market and Apple are sold at Dhalli, Solan, Chandigarh and Delhi.
7.5 Project Intervention
h) Supply of improved verities of fruit crops seedlings. i) Vegetable collection centre.
j) Training on cultural operations and on value addition. k) Drip / sprinkle irrigation. l) Supply of hybrid seed of vegetable. m) Irrigation facilities. n) Certified seed production. o)
7.5 (I) Proposed Physical and Financial targets in Fruit Crops
7.7 Poly house Demonstration unit for low volume high value crops of vegetable, floriculture and MIS
Panchayat N o.
Location Size Beneficiaries Cost (Rs.)
Mundu 5 Morawag,Mundu-I,Mundu-II,Khanar, Kashna
100m2 285 625000
Balghar 2 Chambal 100m2 50 250000
Kuthar 6 Veneha,deothi,galana,Kuthar,kharku and Noli
100m2 297 750000
Basadhar 4 Ser,shilla Bag and kalog 100m2 All 500000
Tikkar 5 Barog,Tikkar,kanori,Neri,kunch 100m2 All 625000
Sainj 3 Tikkari, lailu, Jarashi-Bhalyana 100m2 All 375000
Kamaha 3 Basahat, thout, Khol 100m2 All 375000
Total 35,00,000
Note: Target for 3rd
and 4th
year
The above mentioned activity will be executed through SHGs, Mahila Mandal and Yuvak Mandals/ unemployed/drop out educated youngsters by forming societies and converging the programs with SJSY and MNREGA.
7.8 Budget in Horticulture
Item Estimated
Budget (Rs.)
Contribution Convergence Total
Project Beneficiaries
Seedlings 2047160 2047160 204716 2251876
Veg. Seed 1244442 1244442 124444 1368886
Veg
collection
centre
4940000 4940000 0 4940000
Poly house
& MIS
3500000 3279126 327912 220874 3827912
Total 11,731,602 1,15,10,728 657072 220874 1,23,88,674
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-353]
CHAPTER-VIII
8.0 ANIMAL HUSBANDARY
Animal husbandry plays very important role in the lives of the farmers. They depend upon animals for sustaining their day to day lives. The large numbers of farmers have adopted animal husbandry as livelihood activity along with agriculture and horticulture. The animals reared by the farmers are mainly for milk, FYM and meat purpose. Most of farmer rear animals for milk production which is mainly used for self consumption. The livestock kept by the farmers includes cows (local and jersey) buffaloes, goat and bullocks etc. Most of the animals are indigenous (local breed) having very low milching capacity. In order to improve the living standard of the farmers, the animal husbandry department is doing a pioneering job.
8.1 (I) Live stock population in IWMP-IV
Name of GP
Cows local
Cows improved
Buffaloes Bullocks Calves Goats Sheep Mule Total
Mundu 499 123 11 410 240 375 30 12 1700
Balghar 81 9 0 20 32 10 1 0 153
Kuthar 394 234 11 404 430 720 54 39 2286
Basadhar 299 85 18 176 197 430 37 15 1257
Tikker 313 39 23 315 200 400 63 12 1365
Sainj 487 226 24 610 745 135 15 0 2242
Kamah 70 50 0 100 70 100 0 0 390
G.T 2143 766 87 2035 1914 2170 200 78 9393
Household Survey-2010
Milk production
Total no. of milch cattle in the watershed area is 2001 and average production of milk per day is 3 - 5 lt per day of different species. The total milk production/day is 6854 lt from different species. 8.2 Table: Average and Total milk production
Milch cattle Number Average milk
production lt./day
Total production
(lt.)
Buffaloes 73 3.5 255.50
Cow(Local) 1257 2.5 3142.50
Cow (improved) 671 5.15 3455.60
Total 2001 6853.6
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-354]
8.3 Fodder availability, requirement and Deficit (tons) Green fodder available in project area is 38529 tons whereas dry fodder available is 23117 ton Total 61646 ton fodder is available in project area. But requirement of green fodder is 92470 ton whereas requirement of dry fodder is 30824 ton. Total fodder required is 123294 ton. Deficit of green fodder in project area is 53941 ton. And that of dry fodder is 7707 tons.
Note - Available Fodder a) Green -25kg/day x 30 days x 6months x Total live stock Dry - 15 kg/day x 30days x 6months x Total live stock b) Required Fodder Green - 30kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock Dry - 10kg/day x 30days x 12months x Total live stock c) Fodder for young stock is couridered 75% of calf , goats, sheep has been excutuded .
8.3 (a) Gap between Demand and supply of total Fodder Supply - 61646 tons. Demand - 123294 tons. Deficit - 61648 tons. 8.4 Project interventions Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands Training/Capacity building
s) Plantation and cultivation of fodder trees and grasses
Species: Buel, Ban, Robinia,Kachnar etc.
Grasses: Orchard Grass, Napier, Barseem etc.
Name of
Ward
Fodder Trees Grasses
Area
(ha.)
No. of
Plants
Area
(ha.)
Quantity of seeds
(kg)
Mundu 8 8800 160000 11.5 415 49800
Balghar 2 2200 40000 3 105 12600
Kuthar 17 18700 340000 14 490 58800
Basadhar 7 7700 140000 8 281 33720
Tikkar 7 6710 140000 8 281 33720
Sainj 7 7700 140000 9 316 37920
Kamaha 1.5 1650 30000 2 70 8400
Total 49.5 53460 990000 55.5 1958 234960
Note: Target for 3rd
and 4th
year
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-355]
t) Construction of talabs , Johars in grass land and community lands u) Training and Capacity Building
Live stock management
Animal Health
Artificial insemination
Improved grasses / Fodder trees
Exposure visits
8.5 Number of Training
Four trainings with 5-7 farmers in each trainings
Exposure visits for 5-7 farmers
8.6 Project outcome/impact
(a) Estimated production of milk after project intervention
Milk production after project intervention will increase to 3.5-7.15 lt. /day and total production of milk after project intervention will be 9526 litters.
Sr. No. Milch cattle No. Milk
production
lt./day
Total
production (lt.)
1 Buffaloes 73 4.5 328.50
2 Improved cows 671 7.15 4797.50
3 Local cows 1257 3.5 4399.50
Total 2001 9525.5
(b)Total milk production before and after project intervention.
Increase in milk production is 2672 lt. with total production of 9526 lt.
Sr. No. Milch cattle Before project
(lt.)
After project
(lt.)
Increase after
project
1 Buffaloes 255.50 328.50 73
2 Improved
cows
3455.60 4797.50 1342
3 Local cows 3142.50 4399.50 1257
Total 6853.6 9525.5 2672
(c) Area brought under grass cover is 55.5 ha which will reduce soil erosion and provide fodder (d) Area brought under trees cover 49.5 ha.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-356]
CHAPTER-IX
9.0 FISHERY
Fishery ranges from small family operations relying on traditional fishing methods to large corporations using large fleets and the most advanced technology. Small scale fishery is ordinarily conducted in water relatively close to home. Although fishery is not practiced in the panchayat but it needs to be encouraged and introduced in the panchayat as number of water harvesting structures are already available in the area. Fishery should be introduced in the panchayat to improve livelihood through this income generating activity.
P 9.1a Existing and Proposed water bodies for fish culture
Existing water bodies Proposed water bodies Owner ship private /common No Size (ft) location No Size
(ft) Location
- - 3 3x2x1 Kyar, Kanawari and Kanori
Common
P 9.01b Availability and requirement of fish seed /fingerlings
Ward Existing families
Proposed families
Present quantity of fish
Requirement of fish seed
Breeds
1 Nil 3 Nil 90 Trout/rohu/local if any
P 9.2 Project Interventions
Introducing of fisheries among more families
Requirement of improved seed (fingerlings)
Training on fish culture P 9.3 Marketing
Fish is sold at local market P 9.4 Outcome
Fish production enhancement
Fisheries as source of livelihood.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-357]
CHAPTER-X
10.0 DRINKING WATER
10.1 Availability of drinking water
Water plays an important role in the day to day activities of human as well as animals for drinking. So the presence of drinking water facilities is a prerequisite to the well being of area. Rain fed conditions of the watershed areas falling under Theog makes this natural resource more important. Earlier wells, ponds and wells were the main sources of irrigation as well as drinking water. At present, water resources are very limited and have been taped fully by the local people for drinking as well as irrigation purposes. In earlier days, there were water bodies (bawaries) from which the people used to take water for drinking purpose. During the field visits and interaction with the local people and transect walks of the watershed area, some of facts regarding drinking water came into light which are as follows :
Water dried up in bawaries due to the climate change
Heavy pressure on the existing water bodies due to increase in human population
Negligence of traditional water bodies due to the availability tap water
Low percolation in the existing bawaries due to low lying water table
10.2 Demand and Supply
Particulars Capacity (lt)
Present After project intervention
Total supply of water per day 445985 1070050
Total House holds 1656 1656
Total population 8131 8131
Water Available per house hold per day 269 646
Per capita Availability 55 132
Table: 10.3 Present status of Drinking water source in watershed areas
Sr.
No
Name of
Panchayat
Tap/
WST
Capacity
(ltr.)
Bauri Capacity
(ltr.)
Handpump Capacity
(ltr.)
Well/Pound Capacity
(ltr)
1 Mundu 22 42000 23 24500 3 3000 2 2500
2 Balghar 2 12000 2 2000 0 0 0 0
3 Kuthar 22 91200 34 20735 1 3000 3 1900
4 Basadhar 8 96000 22 8800 1 1000 0 0
5 Tikkar 11 41000 14 2150 0 0 0 0
6 Sainj 6 56000 5 5000 3 9000 1 12000
7 Kamaha 1 6000 12 6200 0 0 0 0
Total 72 344200 112 69385 8 16000 6 16400
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-358]
Table: 10.4 Project interventions for rennovation
Sr.
No
Name of
Panchayat
Tap/
WST
Capacity
(ltr.)
Bauri Capacity
(ltr.)
Handpump Capacity
(ltr.)
Well/
Pound
Capacity
(ltr)
1 Mundu 22 104000 23 30000 3 3000 2 3000
2 Balghar 2 102000 2 2000 0 0 0 0
3 Kuthar 22 260000 34 27650 1 3000 3 2400
4 Basadhar 8 186000 22 9100 1 1000 0 0
5 Tikkar 11 144000 14 37500 0 0 0 0
6 Sainj 6 82000 5 8800 3 9000 1 20000
7 Kamaha 1 26000 12 9600 0 0 0 0
Total 72 904000 112 124650 8 16000 6 25400
Table:10.5 Panchayat wise increase in total capacity after project intervention
Sr. No Name of Panchayat Existing After intervention Total
1 Mundu 72000 68000 140000
2 Balghar 14000 90000 104000
3 Kuthar 116835 176215 293050
4 Basadhar 105800 90300 196100
5 Tikkar 43150 138350 181500
6 Sainj 82000 37800 119800
7 Kamaha 12200 23400 35600
Total 445985 624065 1070050
Table:10.6 Imporving Availability of Water and Quality of Drinking Water in
Gram Panchayat
Sr. No
Source No. Present capacity
Availability of water/day from the source
No of months water available during the year Collecting
structure Storage capacity (ltr.)
1 Well 6 16400 25400 6 Months
2 WST/Tap
72 344200 904000 4-5 Months After the interval of three days
3 Bawari 112 69385 124650 6-7 Months
4 Handpump 8 16000 16000 12 months
Total 445985 1070050
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-359]
Table: 10.7(I) Proposed activities for increase in the water capacity /availability
a) Renovation/Repair(Old Structures)
Structure No. Location Existing capacity (lt)
After intervention(lt)
No. of families benefitted
Approximate Cost (Rs.)
Well/ Pound
6 As per list
16400 25400
1656
30000
Bauri 112 69385 124650 570000
WST Tank/Tap
72 344200 904000 1938000
Hand pump
8 16000 16000 0
Total 198 445985 1070050 25,38,000
(b) Cost Estimates and funds available under project Budget
Activity/item Funds from Beneficiaries
Funds from Project
Funds from Line Department
Total
Well 5% to 10% as per list enclosed
2538000 Nil 25,38,000
Bawari
Tank
Table: 10.8(I) Outcome: Existing and proposed drinking water interventions
Source Present
storage
Capacity
Proposed
storage
capacity
Increase
In Total
Capacity
Total
Families
Benefitted
Present
Requirement
day/person
Quantity
After
Intervention
(lt)
Well 16400 9000 25400
1656 55 132
WST/Tap
344200 559800 904000
Bawari 69385 55265 124650
Handpump 16000 0 16000
Total 445985 624065 1070050
10.9 Critical Gaps to be covered
5) Source development 6) Regular Supply of drinking water 7) Cleanness and colorinization of water 8) Proper drainage of the catchment area to the pound/Johar 9) Sensitization of the community for judicious use of water
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-360]
CHAPTER-XI
11.0 SOIL CONSERVATION
Soil conservation practices are helpful in solving the problems of land degradation, particularly accelerated soil erosion, faulty land use system, construction of roads and other development activities are responsible for soil erosion. To improve the fertility of soil and to check the soil erosion, it is important to conserve the soil. Soil can be conserved through various interventions including plantation and bioengineering structures etc.
The watershed area comprises of hill steep slopes having mixed layers of soil, facing problems of major soil erosion during rainy season. During the field visit and interaction with the local people and farmers, it was observed that soil erosion is increasing at a faster rate, due to the following reasons:
Deforestation in the watershed area.
Herbs and shrubs over exploitation for fodder and by grazing animals
Construction of roads leading to the local villages and dumping of debris along Nallaha side.
Lack of drainage system
Steep slope and improper bounding of cultivated land has also caused soil erosion.
Lack of physical and biological structures which could facilitates water percolation.
11.1 To check the soil erosion the following intervention are recommended
Construction of check dam from top to button to minimise the velocity of water.
Construction of crate walls to stop landslides.
Biological protection measures.
Proper bounding on the cultivated land by plantation of improved grasses and trees.
Bio engineering measures along the slopes ion ghasnies and pastures. Percolation tanks, ponds and johars.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-361]
11.2 Number of check dams and crate walls
GP Ward Activity Location No. Estimated Cost (Rs)
Mundu Kashna Dry Check Dam Kambal Nala to Kashna 15 54000
Baleog Bauri to Kashna 5 18000
Lamb Nala to Kashna 15 54000
Morawag Kuftu to Rodi Nala 5 18000
Reha Nala to Badeo 4 14400
Mundu-I & II Ojad Nala 7 25200
Fukeri Nala to Bhalya 20 72000
Khanar Mankerad Nala to Mayog 5 18000
Fagli Nala 5 18000
Balghar Chambal Dry Check dam Kargoli nala 12 43200
Kuthar Veneha Dry Check Dam Kallan Nala 8 28800
Dakal Khud 8 28800
Kuthar-I Sheel Nala 15 54000
Kayar Nala 15 54000
Dangri Nala 7 25200
Punder Jalkhar to Sharna Nala 25 90000
Deothi Kalvag to sadna 15 54000
Nash Nala 8 28800
Kuthar-II Jor Nala 6 21600
Basadhar Bagna Dry check dam Johnawag Nala 2 7200
Ser Nala 2 7200 Kalawan Timba Nala 2 7200 Basadhar Dasheya 2 7200 Tikkar Kunch Dry check dam Kunch nala 3 10800
Barog Bag Bnajji Nala 4 14400
Neri Dhabav ojad Nala 10 36000
Neri Nala 5 18000
Ratu Nala 5 18000
Kanori Kyar Nala 8 28800
Kanori Nala 5 18000
Sarehal nala 8 28800
Dunjra Nala 10 36000
Total 266 9,57,600
Mundu Kashna Crate Wall Ridi Nala 4 22000
Khannar Both Side of Khannar Nala 2 11000
Balghar Chambal Crate wall Kargoli nala 10 55000
Kuthar Kuthar-I Crate Wall Kyar Nala 2 11000
Sheel Nala 2 11000
Punder Punder 4 22000
Gader Punder 2 11000
Bhutli (near School) 2 11000
Tikkar Kanori Crate Wall Kyar Nala 2 11000
Namoti Nala 2 11000
Kalar Nala 3 16500
Sainj Tikkri Crate Wall Tikkri 4 22000
Lailu Dhar 3 16500
Prala Chori 2 11000
Kamah Sanai Crate wall Khol 44 242000
Basahat parala 32 176000
Koon 8 44000
Total 128 7,04,000
Sainj Prala Contour trenching Maghot 20 1760
Total 20 1760
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-362]
CHAPTER-XII
12.0 CONVERGENCE
The linkage of the IWMP-IV Theog, with the other development programme is also one of the important components. The possibilities of deriving support from the other line department have been explored here.
The following activities are taken into account for convergence:
Development like roads and irrigation facilities can be converged with PMGSY,
PWD, IPH and MNREGA programmes.
Employment Generation MREGA programme run by rural development department. For productivity enhancement distribution of improved seeds, fertilizer insecticide &
pesticides with state agriculture department under Pandit Dindyal Krishi Yojna. Construction of Polly house and Vegetable collection centre at watershed level can
be converged under the Horticulture technology mission run by department of Horticulture H.P.
Micro enterprise installation & development with the rural industrial programme, Prime minister Employment Generation Programme. Self-employment scheme etc.
Livestock development programme with the animal husbandry department and livestock development programme with animal husbandry department under Doodh Ganga project.
Sr. No.
Activity /work
Programme /scheme for convergence
Agency/ Deptt
Budget contribution (Rs.)
Watershed convergence Beneficiaries Total
1 Tank with pipe line (EPA)
MNREGA RD 320800 21400 0 342200
2 Vegetable collection center (EPA)
MNREGA RD 1849200 3400 0 1852600
3 Kachha talab MNREGA RD 4789516 396584 0 5186100
4 Roof water MNREGA RD 8949000 627000 894900 10470900
5 Tank MNREGA RD 15744000 1640000 1574400 18958400
In Himachal Pradesh about 24 % rural households are living below poverty line. Apart from BPL families, some other households are having small land holdings and others under the category of land less. These families depend for their survival on animal rearing and other labour intensive works such as agricultural labourer, rural artisans and working in agriculture and horticultural activities. But these professions are having limited opportunities and young rural generation has started to migrate the urban areas in search of employment.
In the IWMP IV Theog the rural youths, rural artisans, and women groups needs to be trained regarding Vermi composting, Bee Keeping, Cutting & tailoring Goatery/sheeps and dairy which can enhance their income and improve the livelihood. In the watershed area fruits and vegetables are produced at large scale, some time farmer do not receive better prices at the market, it will be better if they are trained on post harvest techniques of these crops by making Jam, Jelly, Achar, and Juices etc. It will create value addition of the product when the market rates for row produce are not good. Carpentry, Masonry, Cobblers, Weavers and basket making are also important means of income generation in rural areas; But, these professional are still working on tradition/ old tools and techniques. Under the watershed programme their skill can be enhanced by providing latest equipments and by imparting training at professional institutes. It will create self employment opportunities and services to the local consumer at door step.
Keeping in view of the above facts the following activities will be under taken in watershed programme for the self help groups, landless labour, rural artisans, etc.
Vermicompost
Dairy Development
Goat/Sheep rearing
Bee keeping
Incentive for Rural artisans in terms of training/ equipments
Cutting & tailoring
Skill development regarding horticulture cultural operations e.g. pruning
Certified seed production
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-364]
Income enhancement and employment generation through different income generating activities
Sr. No
Activity Existing No of household
Proposed No of household
Present income/ mandays (Rs/ day)
After intervention income/ mandays
1 Carpentry 43 48 516000/2580 864000/4320
2 Weaver 3 3 27000/135 36000/180
3 Black Smith 1 1 1500/30 3000/60
4 Cobbler 1 1 4500/90 10000/150
5 Basket Making 6 6 36000/240 54000/360
6 Masonry 17 17 306000/1530 408000/2040
7 Cutting &Tailoring 7 19 126000/630 456000/2280
8 Vermin - 99 - 594000/5940
9 Dairy - 20 - 504000/4200
10 Goatry 9 17 Self use 68000/Routine work
11 Fishery - 3 - 90000/810
12 Poultry - 3 - 36000/1095
13 Mules - 5 - 100000/600
14 Gharat 1 1 2000/90 4000/120
15 Nursery - 10 - New concept
16 Seed Village Concept
- 20 New concept
Note: Target for 3rd
and 4th
year The above mention activities are considered for the farmer/rural artisan land holding less than 3 bighas which
will be verified during the implementation by the PIA.
14. Gharat a. Purpose : Livelihood/Enhancement of income b. Category : SC c. No. of families involved : 1 d. Project Intervention
i. Training ii. Tools /equipment
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-369]
Outcome of project
Present income/mandays (Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
2000/90 4000/120 10000
15. Horticulture Nursery
a. Purpose : Livelihood/Enhancement of income
b. Category : SC
c. No. of families involved : 10
d. Project Intervention
i. Training
ii. Tools /equipment
Outcome of project
Present income/mandays (Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
- - Seedling & Technology 1500000
16. Seed village concept
a. Purpose : Livelihood/Enhancement of income
b. Category : SC
c. No. of families involved : 20
d. Project Intervention
i. Training
ii. Tools /equipment
Outcome of project
Present income/mandays (Rs.)
After intervention income
Requirement for intervention
Approximate cost (Rs.)
- - Seeds & Technology 2500000
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-370]
Chapter- XIV
14.0 LIVELIHOOD CONCERN
The land is the primary source for livelihood activity in the watershed area. The people are adopting integrated farming system. The major source of the income is vegetable cultivation. The cereals crops are grown at very low level. The people are getting good return from the vegetable and fruits crops. The animal reared is only for milk and FYM purpose. Rural employment inter of artisan need to be strengthened by investing in their skill development and by providing necessary tools/equipments for carrying out the work with good remuneration. The rural artisans in the watershed area are carpentry, masonry, cobbler and weavers.
A) Existing nature of livelihood in the watershed
Number of Household
Sr.No. Category Total No. of households
Livelihood linked in the project
1 General 1071 Hort.+ Agri.+ Animal +Micro Enterprises
Monitoring and evaluation should be carried out from time to time by the technical authority. So that physical and financial target achieved is visible and impact of work /progress is observed. The first monitoring should be carried out after one year start of the project work in the field.
15.1 Mechanism of Monitoring
15.1 (I) Financial
Social auditing of financial transaction
Expenditure booked as per Detailed Project Report (DPRs) approved programmes/works
Progress reports by PIA to DRDA countersigned by watershed committee forest departments, GIS web based on line monitoring
Work assessment of the user groups
Social auditing of the financial transaction
Constitution of the village level committee to monitor the quality of work and financial transaction
15.1 (II) Physical
Work assessment by user groups
Constitution of the village level committees to monitor the quality of work and financial transaction.
15.2 Outcome of Monitoring
To ensure the work under watershed programme as per satisfaction of the user
groups the economic indicators will also be ensured on the following points :
Increases in income level
Generation of employment at watershed level
Availability of food
Improvement in standard of living
Enhancement in the production of the farm produce
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-374]
Chapter-XVI
16.0 EVALUATION
Periodic evaluation is required for assessing the impact of the project intervention. This would asses the progress of the intervention in term of physical, financial and social improvement targets. The concurrent and post project evaluation should be carried out by the team of expert from agriculture, horticulture and water resource management who will give true report based on figure and facts and would be in position to suggest appropriate strategies for the future modification.
The following socio - economic indicators should be followed:
Increase in income level
Generation of employment at watershed level
Foods security
Improvement in standard of livelihood
Enhancements in Productivity of the farm produce
Increase in soil moisture content
Increase in green cover
People participation for conservation of natural resources
Increase in milk
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-375]
Chapter -XVII
17.0 CAPACITY BUILDING
The capacity building strategy and action plan under the project aims to build the competenc and capability of targeted village communities including the poor to collectively enable them to achieve the project targets. Under this sub component the core administrative capacity of the Gram Panchayat in planning,budgeting, financial management, implementation and reporting would be strengthened. The capacity will also be built up of the Project Implementing Agency(PIA) i.e block and district level for the efficient and effective functioning of the project. At the initial level the capacity will be build at Gram panchayat level, which includes Gram Panchayat elected officials, community, representatives of SHG, beneficiaries and watershed staff through trainings, exposure visits and awareness camps. Training of the all stakeholders in applying the new technologies in various
components including water harvesting, agriculture, horticulture, fisheries, animal
husbandry and micro enterprises.
The exposure visits to different institution and field areas within and outside state.
17.1 Training Module for different stake holders
1. Farmers
2. Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI)
3. Village Level Institutions(VLI)
4. Project Implementing Agency(PIA)
5. Watershed Development Team(WDT)
6. Community organization etc.
16.2 Modules
16.2(I) Awareness Camps
Panchayat level
Training
Block Level
DRDA level
Institutional level
Exposure Visits
University/Institutions/Field
Special Trainings(Professional Institutions)
Nursery Development
Dairy Development
Vegetable Cultivation
Water harvesting
Marketing
Miscellaneous (Trainings/visits) topic not covered above
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-376]
Capacity Building Schedule for IWMP – IV Theog Sr.No
Topic Level Target group Duration No. of Person
No. of Trainings
Budget (Rs)
1 General concept of watershed management
Awareness generation at village GP/ Level
All community One day All stake holder
26 390000
2 Role and responsibility of GP WDT etc maintenance of accounts
At block level Pradhan, Secretary and members SHG, and watershed
2 days 30 22 440000
3 Seminar workshop
District level Officials and public representative of the watershed area
1 day 30 17 850000
4 General training on watershed management
Institutional Training
Members of PRI, WDT, SHG,UG etc.
5 day 30-35 4 420000
5 Nursery raising techniques orchard management
Training on orchard management at UHF. Nauni
Farmers 3 day 35 2 210000
6 Dairy development
IGA. Panchayat Activities
Farmers 3 day 35 2 210000
7 Vermicompost IGA. Panchayat Activities
Farmers 3 day 35 1 120000
8 Cereals crops pulses
Exposure Panchayat visits
Farmers 5 day 35 10-15 725000
9 Expert visit/services and Misc.
Experts Farmers - 415000
Total 37,80,000
The capacity building of farmers and youth in the watershed areas can also be done
under the micro enterprises and livelihood through Industrial Training Institute (ITI)
occupation\trades as well as other entrepreneurs programmes which provide self-employment or
wage employment within the watershed areas.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-377]
Chapter – XVIII
18.0 CONSOLIDATION & SUSTAINABILITY OF THE PROJECT
The project is formulated by keeping in mind its sustainability. The resources augmented
and economic plans developed in the phase II are the foundation of future sustainable
livelihood. The major objective under this phase will be as follows.
a) Consolidation and completion of the works. b) Capacity building of the community based organisation to carry out the project activities for the post project period. c) Sustainable management of the assets created under the project by the local committees. d) Management of the natural resources. e) Large scale implementation of the successful experiences regarding farm production.
Sustainability Maintenance of infrastructure by the committee.
Regular use of the infrastructure.
User charges of infrastructure
Documentation of success stories
Promotion of agro – processing marketing arrangements of produce and off farm and informal sector enterprises.
Farmers will be encouraged to develop low cost production technologies and linked with market price
Periodical evolution of the project.
Mechanism for project withdrawal
User group will be empowered to take decision regarding the further implementation of the project after its completion. The assets created under the project will be handed over to the user group. They will look all the activities. The training will be imparted to the user groups self group etc from time to time. The watershed committee can use the watershed development fundus for repair and maintenance of structures created under phase –II.
The village level federation will be formed in order to support marketing of farm and non-farm produce. They will be linked with the different agencies to sell the produce of local communities.
The financial agencies will also be involved to provide financial assistance to the villagers.
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-378]
Action Plan for IWMP-IV Theog
Name of the State : Himachal Pradesh Name of the District : Shimla Name of Block : Theog Name of Panchayat : Mundu, Kuthar, Basadhar, Sainj, Kamaha, Balghar and Tikkar Total Area in Hectare : 5040 hectare Total Sanctioned Amount : Rs.7,56,00,000 Total Village : 41 Sr. No.
Work Component Total Proposed Work including Convergence
f Seed village concept 20 2500000 33 375000 - - 189 2125000 - -
g Fish culture 3 30000 - - - - 30000 - -
h Mule rearing 5 100000 - - - - - 100000 - -
i Poultry 3 60000 - - - - - 60000 - -
Total 178 53,78,000 172 23,21,950 1,95,050 228 28,61,000 - -
IWMP-IV Theog, Shimla [page-381]
SUMMARY
Located at an altitude of 4490-6586 feet above mean sea level Gram Panchayat IWMP-IV comprises the total area of 5040 hac. The total amount sanctioned for watershed development works, production systems, micro- enterprises, livelihood activities including preparation of DPR and other phases is 456.00 lacs. Data regarding socio-economic profile, land use pattern, livestock position and cropping pattern, etc was collected from panchayat secretaries, patwaries and through household surveys and PRA exercises. Total population of the panchayat is 8131 out of which 1071 families are of general and are 585 of scheduled caste. In total 518 new water harvesting structures will be constructed including existing structures in which repair work will be done. Construction and repair of these structures will enhance the storage capacity to 27372 m3 with total cost of Rs 3,54,46,100 which will irrigate 274 hac area of the IWMP-IV
The main agricultural crops grown in the panchayat are maize and pulses with total area of 906 bigha. In total 4185 Kg seeds of agricultural crops will be provided in the panchayat which will cost Rs 62364 and 117 vermicompost units will be developed as demonstration unit in the panchayat which will cost Rs 8,19,000 In agriculture there will be skill development and capacity building of about 25-30 farmers from the panchayat.
Horticulture is the major source of income to the farmers. The farmers are growing apple and vegetable crops in the watershed area. The total 5804 Plants of apple and 49680 plants of pear will be distributed to the farmers costing Rs 20,47,160. Improved verities seeds of different vegetable crops will be distributed to the farmers which will be cost Rs 12,44,442 The technique of low volume high value crops will be demonstration by installing pollyhouses (MIS) and seed village concept for the BPL and SHGs. The total 28 pollyhouse and 20 seed village concept will be demonstrated the Rs. 35,00,000 and 25,00,000 has been earmarked for the purpose.
Total number of animals in the panchayat is 12503 for which fodder trees and grasses will be provided in each ward. In total 53460 plants of fodder and 1958 Kg of grass seeds will be provided in the ward, which will cost Rs 9,90,000. and Rs 2,34,960 respectively. Drinking water is a pre requisite for the well- being of the area. 88 new drinking water structures like bawaries and wells will be constructed in different locations of the panchayat. Construction of new structures and repair of old structures will enhance the storage capacity to 1070050 lt with cost estimate of Rs 25,38,000 Per capita availability of drinking water will increase from 55 lt to 132 lt after project.
Soil conservation is the main objective of watershed programme. So to check soil erosion construction of crate wall will be done. Only River Banks will be constructed to prevent soil erosion, which will cost a total of Rs 16,63,360 The overall objective of watershed development programme is poverty elevation by investing in micro- enterprises and enhancing rural livelihoods. Income generating activities reported in the panchayat are rural artisans making, Goatry, Poultry, and dairy farming. A total of Rs 30,27,000 will be given to the beneficiaries of these groups with necessary trainings and tools. One polyhouse unit is introduce as demonstration in panchayat with cost of 1,25,000
Amount spent on different activities like entry point activities (Rs.30,48,800), water harvesting
structures (Rs.3,54,46,100), agriculture development (Rs.8,81,364), horticulture development
(Rs.1,17,31,602), animal husbandry (Rs.12,24,960), drinking water (Rs 25,38,000), soil
conservation (Rs 16,63,60), micro- enterprises and livelihood (Rs 30,27,000) and capacity