Brief Introduction to Baomin/QIS Products 青青青青青青青青青青青青青青青青青青 :,,,,、,,,,,、、。:,, 91 青 青 , 129青青青青青“青”青青青青青青青青“青青青青青青青青青青” 。、, , 2004 青 青“青 ” 青青青 “青 青 ”青 , ,、, 一。 2007 青青青青青青青青青青青青青青青 。 The main steel products of QIS are welding steel, carbon structure steel, high quality carbon structure steel, unalloyed steel for special utilization, low alloyed structure steel, structural alloy steel, spring flat steel, rebar steel, steel for cold heading and cold extruding, free cutting steel, prestressing steel, steel for bead wire, steel for steel cord and so on. There are such kinds of products as hot rolled wire rod, hot rolled section steel and so on with 91 grades and 129 specifications. The products are awarded with the honor of provincial and municipal famous brand products and “Golden Cup Prize” of metallurgical products quality. Hot rolled reinforced bar with rib is honored with national product exempt from inspection for quality. In 2004, hot rolled wire 1
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Brief Introduction to Baomin/QIS Products
青钢主要钢产品有:焊接用钢,碳素结构钢,优质碳素结构钢,特殊用途非合
金钢,低合金、合金结构钢,弹簧扁钢,钢筋钢,冷镦和冷挤压用钢,易切削钢,预
应力用钢、胎圈钢丝用钢、钢帘线用钢等。产品类别有:热轧盘条,热轧型钢等等,牌
号近 91 个,规格 129 多种。产品荣获省、市名牌产品,冶金产品实物质量“金杯
奖”,热轧带肋钢筋获“产品质量国家免检产品”。2004 年度,热轧盘条获 “全国
用户满意产品”,焊接用钢盘条、热轧带肋钢筋,获“中国钢铁市场产品质量用户满
意第一品牌”等称号。2007 年优质碳素钢热轧盘条获中国名牌。
The main steel products of QIS are welding steel, carbon structure steel, high quality carbon
structure steel, unalloyed steel for special utilization, low alloyed structure steel, structural
alloy steel, spring flat steel, rebar steel, steel for cold heading and cold extruding, free cutting
steel, prestressing steel, steel for bead wire, steel for steel cord and so on. There are such
kinds of products as hot rolled wire rod, hot rolled section steel and so on with 91 grades and
129 specifications. The products are awarded with the honor of provincial and municipal
famous brand products and “Golden Cup Prize” of metallurgical products quality. Hot rolled
reinforced bar with rib is honored with national product exempt from inspection for quality. In
2004, hot rolled wire rod was awarded with “National Customer Satisfactory Product” and the
wire rod for welding, hot rolled reinforced bar with rib won the title of “First Brand of
Customer Satisfactory for Product Quality in China Iron & Steel Market”. In 2007, the high
quality hot rolled carbon steel wire rod won the title of Chinese Famous Brand.
1. Steel Wire Rod for WeldingGB/T3429-2002 and internal control standard is adopted for this product. The steel wire rod for welding could be used to produce welding rod, gas shield welding wire and submerged arc welding and so on. The main grades are H08A, ER50-6 (E), H08Mn2SiA, H08MnA and so on. With million tons of annual production, higher market occupation rate and more than 120 customers, this product is in great demand in more than 20 provinces and cities in domestic market and even sold abroad as well. In recent years, in order to meet the customers’ requirements, some special soldering wire is developed one after another, such as ER50-C (with Mo), ER50-G (with Ti), EH14 and EM12K. In 2001, this product was awarded with the “Golden Cup Prize” of metallurgical product quality by China Iron and Steel Association and the steel wire rod for the gas shielded welding wire won the title of “Famous Brand of Shandong Province” and confirmed again in 2003. The steel for welding rod H08A of QIS has a long history and is popular to many customers. After the realization of continuous casting in 1997, the wire rod for welding rod of H08A is accepted firstly by the market, and is evaluated as the “New Product of National Level” by China Economy and Trading Association and won the prize of Metallurgical Science and Technology progress of Shandong Province and Excellent New Product of Qingdao. With the uniform and stable components, steel quality, metallographic structure and mechanical performance, the steel wire rod for welding of ∮5.5mm ER50-6E produced by our company could be drawn directly to the product of ∮1.0mm without interannealing under the condition of higher drawing velocity. This product comes up to the domestic advanced level with the features of less welding splashing, smooth and good welding seam and high strength and gained the
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prize of Metallurgical Science and Technology Progress Prize of Shandong Province and Excellent New Product of Qingdao respectively in 1999 and 2000. In 2004, on the First Session News Release Conference of Customer Satisfactory Degree Investigation for the Product Quality in Chinese Market holding in Conference Hall of Beijing, the steel wire rod for welding won the title of “No.1 Brand of the Customer Satisfactory for Product Quality in Chinese Iron and Steel Market”. QIS has become the supplier of some large domestic production enterprises of welding consumables.
Steel cord usually has the title of “best quality wire”, which is the typical product of super clean steel and the landmark product of wire quality level. Steel cord as the framework material for reinforcing radial tire is mainly used to manufacture the wire mesh of undercarriage tire of plane and tire of large auto and super sedan.
The hot rolled wire rod for steel cord produced by QIS adopts the national standard YB/T170.4-2002 and the enterprise internal control standard, with the main grades of C72D2, C82D2, C86D2, C92D2-E. Because of the large drawing deformation and special use performance the steel is required to have fewer contents of S and P, very high requirements to the quantity, variety and shape of inclusions, and accurate rolling tolerance. QIS is capable to provide mass and stable production of C72D2 and C82D2 to meet the customers’ demand. The steel cord products of C72D2 and C82D2 passed the provincial technical evaluation in June, 2008 and its quality has reached the international advanced level. QIS has successfully trial-produced the C92D2-E steel wire rod for steel cord with super high strength and every index reaches the international advanced level and fills up the domestic market margin. At present the monthly production of steel cord with common and high strength has reached above 30,000 tons with good reactions from customers.
用途:我公司生产的 C72D2、C82D2、C86D2、C92D2-E 等钢帘线用热轧盘条
主要用于钢帘线和胶管钢丝的生产。
Application: The steel wire rods for steel cord, such as C72D2, C82D2, C86D2, and C92D2-E etc., are mainly used for the production of steel cord and flose wire.
Under the standard of GB/T 24242.2-2009 and enterprise inside controlled standard, the
main grades of wire rod for bead wire are C70DA, C72DA, C80DA ,C82DA,C88DA
and C92DA. Because of the large drawing deformation the steel is required to have fewer contents of S and P, less impurity and accurate rolling tolerance. QIS has become the supplier of some main domestic bead wire producers with large quantities of production of hot rolled wire rod of bead wire. It passed the evaluation organized by Qingdao Economic Committee and Qingdao Science and Technology Bureau in Dec., 2007 and the quality of C82DA has reached the national advanced level. The monthly production has reached more than 30,000 tons with good reactions from customers.
用途:主要用于拉拔普通强度和高强度胎圈钢丝。
Application: Mainly used for drawing bead wire with common and high strength.
Under the standard of GB/T 24238.2-2009 and strictly controlled by the enterprise internal standard, the main grades of the hot rolled wire rod for prestressing steel wire and steel strands are SWRS82B, YL82B etc. with the diameters of φ11mm,φ12.5mm,φ13mm. It has become one of the competitive products with high added value of QIS by using of high quality raw material, refining, electromagnetic stirring, pure steel quality and strictly controlled cooling and controlled rolling process, and the products meet the requirements of consumers.
It belongs to non-heat treatment cold heading Steel.
产品规格:φ5.5mm、φ6.5 mm、φ8 mm、φ10 mm、φ12 mm、φ14 mm、φ16 mm 等 7 个
规格。其中 φ10 mm以下盘条生产较多。
There are seven diameters of the products: φ5.5mm、φ6.5 mm、φ8 mm、φ10 mm、φ12
mm、φ14 mm、φ16 mm, etc. among which, the wire rods smaller than φ10 mm are produced
more.
执行标准:Q/GZJ0206023—2005, 其中主要技术要求如下:
It adopts the standard Q/GZJ0206023—2005. The main technical requirements are as follows:
化学成分
牌号化学成分(%)
C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu
ML08 0.05-0.09 ≤0.12 0.30-0.50≤0.0
30
≤0.0
30≤0.020 ≤0.020 ≤0.020
Chemical Composition
Grade Chemical Composition(%)
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C Si Mn P S Cr Ni Cu
ML08 0.05-0.09 ≤0.12 0.30-0.50≤0.03
0
≤0.03
0≤0.020 ≤0.020 ≤0.020
力学性能牌号 抗拉强度(MPa) 断面收缩率(%)ML08 ≤420 ≥50
Mechanical Property
Grade Tensile Strength(MPa) Reduction of Area(%)ML08 ≤420 ≥50
冷顶锻试验不得出现裂纹。冷顶锻后与冷顶锻前的高度之比为 1/2。
There must be no cracks in the cold heading test. The height rate of after and before cold heading is 1/2.
5.2 ML08Al:执行国标:GB/ T 6478
5.2 ML08Al: It adopts the national standard GB/T 6478.
化学成分见下表:
牌号化学成分(%)
C Si Mn P S Al
ML08Al 0.05~0.1 ≤0.10 0.3~0.6 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 ≥0.02
For chemical Compositions, please check the following table.
GradeChemical Compositions(%)
C Si Mn P S Al
ML08Al 0.05~0.1 ≤0.10 0.3~0.6 ≤0.035 ≤0.035 ≥0.02
规格:φ6.5mm,冷顶锻(1/4)合格。具备 φ5.5 mm~φ16 mm 的生产能力。
Specifications: The product of 6.5mm is qualified for the test of cold heading 1/4. We have the ability to produce the products of φ5.5 mm~φ16 mm.5.3 ML355.3 ML35
ML35钢盘条属于调质型冷镦用钢,用于生产 8.8 级高强度的螺栓、螺帽、螺钉等紧固件。
The steel wire rod ML35 belongs to quenching and tempering cold heading steel , which is
used to manufacture fastening pieces such as bolt, nut, screw, etc. with high strength of
The grades SWRCH18A and SWRCH22A are ML18Mn and ML22Mn in GB/T 6478-2001 respectively.
盘条以热轧状态交货;
The wire rod is delivered on hot rolled status.
冷顶锻试验不得出现有害裂纹。冷顶锻后与冷顶锻前的高度之比为 1/2。
There must be no cracks in the cold heading test. The height rate of after and before cold heading is 1/2.
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其它按GB/T 6478—2001 的规定执行。The others should be implemented accroding to GB/T 6478-2001.
主要生产规格:φ5.5mm、φ6.5mm
The main diameters are φ5.5mm and φ6.5mm.
5.6 10B215.6 10B21执行美国标准,国内无对应牌号,目前主要轧制规格为 φ5.5mm,具备 φ5.5~φ16mm 的生产能力。Adopting the American Standard and with no equivalent grade in China, we have the ability
to produce φ5.5~φ16mm, among which, φ5.5mm is the main rolling product at present.
青钢生产的 10B21 具有良好的塑性和冷镦性能,较好的淬透性,可省略中碳钢螺栓的
球化退火处理。
With better plasticity, cold heading performances and better hardenability, 10B21 produced by our company can omit the spheroidizing annealing treatment for the medium carbon bolt.
产品型号: 10B21
产品规格: φ5.5~16mm
产品特性:
10B21 是主要用于生产 8.8~10.9 级标准件,产品具有成分稳定、有害元素低、
钢质纯净度高、脱碳层小,表面缺陷少、盘条原始硬度低等优点,使用时可省略退
火工序直接进行加工、冷镦开裂率低、淬透性好,极具推广价值。
产品使用: 适用于生产 8.8~10.9 级各种型号连接件,及一般用途零部件。
未来发展:经过合理配制合金成分和控制冷却工艺,可以使热轧盘条保持较低的硬度利于不
经球化退火即可进行冷镦使用,且热处理后达到较高的强度。
Grade 10B21
Diameter φ5.5mm~16mm
Features With the advantages as stable contents, low harmful elements, high steel purity, less decarburizing depth, less surface defect, low original hardness of the wire rod, etc.
10B21 is mainly used to produce the standard pieces of property elasses 8.8~10.9
and it is worth spreading for such performances as being directly manufactured without annealing process, low cracking rate when cold heading and good
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hardenability.
ApplicationIt is applicable to manufacture fasteners of property elasses 8.8~10.9 and various
specifications and the components of common use.
Future Developments
Through reasonable alloys additions and controlled cooling process, it can keep the hot rolled wire rod in lower hardness for the convenience of being cold heading without spheroidizing annealing treatment and can reach higher strength after heat treatment.
Free cutting steel is mainly used to manufacture apparatus, instrument and watch components which has strict requirements to dimensions and fineness under less stress, standard parts used in auto, machine tools and other machines, such as bearing, shaft, bolt, valve, bushing, pin, pipe fitting, spring cushion, etc. which has strict requirements to the dimensional accuracy and fineness but less requirements to the mechanical property, and threaded spindle of machine tools, plastic shaping mould, operation appliances for surgery and dentistry, etc.
我公司现生产的易切削钢包括中碳易切削钢和低碳易切削钢两大系列。
There are two systems of the free cutting steel produced by QIS including medium carbon free cutting steel and low carbon free cutting steel.
6.1 我公司的中碳易切削钢主要有 46S20、Y40Mn、Y45Mn、Y50Mn,包括圆钢和
线材两大类产品,产品标准为 Q/02GTZ010-2006。
6.1 Main products of free cutting steel produced by our company are 46S20, Y40Mn, Y45Mn, Y50Mn including two kinds of products such as round bar and wire rod, standard adopted is Q/02GTZ010-2006.
用途:中碳易切削钢广泛应用于生产钻夹头、钻体、夹爪、丝母等配件。
Medium carbon free cutting steel is applicable widely to make accessories such as drill chuck, drill body, clamping jaw etc.
目前青钢 46S20月生产量可达到 8000 吨以上,其圆钢规格从 φ25~75mm,
线材规格从 φ5.5~16mm。因其下料良好,断面平滑、无撕裂现象,而且切削加工过
程顺利,软硬度合适,受到用户好评。具有较高的市场占有率。产品于 2003 年通过了
省级技术鉴定,质量达到国内先进水平。
The monthly production of 46S20 is up to more than 8,000 tons at present with diameters of
the round bars varying from φ25~75mm and of the wire rod varying from φ5.5~16mm. It
is popular to customers and has higher market occupation rate with advantages such as good baiting, smooth broken surface, no tearing, successful cutting process and appropriate hardness. This product passed the provincial technology evaluation in 2003 and reached
domestic advanced level for its quality.
牌号化学成分,%
C Si Mn P S
46S20 (45S20) a 0.42~0.50 0.15~0.40 0.70~1.10 ≤0.06 0.15~0.25
6.2 The main grades of the low carbon free cutting steel of QIS are SAE1215, SAE1215H, SAE1215T and SAE1214B including two kinds of products such as round bar and wire rod coil with the adoption of the enterprise internal control standard. Among the common grades of the low carbon free cutting steel as SAE1215 and SAE12L14, the SAE12L14 is the free cutting steel with Pb. In order to find a substitute product for the free cutting steel with Pb under the purpose of environmental protection all around the world, the high sulphur free cutting steel SAE1215H and the green environmentally friendly low carbon free cutting steel of SAE1215T and SAE1214B are developed by QIS on the basis of SAE1215. Test Results from the Cutting Laboratory, Engineering Test Center of Beijing Institute of Technology shows that the cutting tool has comparatively uniform wearing, the wearing curve shape is regular, which is clear in the normal wearing stage and belongs to the standard wearing curve for the cutting steel of SAE1215, SAE1215H, SAE1215T and SAE1214B. Through cutting inspection, the cutting tool of SAE1215T and SAE1214B has less wearing and excellent machining performances under the condition of high speed cutting (230m/min) for a long time.
用途:低碳易切削钢以其切屑的易脆断性适合自动车床加工高精度产品,其综合
机械性能优良,主要用于生产轴类、螺丝类、螺帽类、制钉类等标准元器件等配件。
Application: The low carbon free cutting steel is mainly used to machine high accuracy products for the automatic lathe for its free brittle of its cutting scraps, and it is applicable for manufacturing standard components such as shaft, screw, nut and nail for its excellent comprehensive mechanical property.
With the standard adopted GB/T3077—1999, the main product of structural alloy steel by our company is 40Cr round bar, which is mainly used to make components such as mechanical shaft, rod, standard pieces, etc. with the advantages of higher strength and toughness(σb≥980 MPa after quenching and tempering) and better hardenability.
GB/T4354-2008 and enterprise standard is executed for this product. The main grades are
45~80, SWRH42A~82A and SWRH42B~82B. With higher comprehensive mechanical
performance after quenching and tempering treatment for this grade, it could be used to manufacture steel nails and mechanical components. With higher strength, hardness, elasticity and wearability, the high carbon steel wire rod could be used to make steel wire rope and spring, but it is not suggested to be used in the production of bead steel wire, flose wire or steel cord. In 2002, the hot rolled high quality carbon steel wire rod produced by our company won the Golden Cup Prize of metallurgical product quality and title of “Famous Brand of China” in 2007.
9. High Quality Hot Rolled Carbon Structure Steel Round
Bar
现执行标准为GB/T699-1999、GB/T702-2004。由于优质碳素结构钢主要用于轴
类的冷、热切削加工,同时也用于建筑工程结构中。2002年度青钢牌热轧型钢获青岛市
名牌产品称号。
This kind of steel is under Chinese standard GB/T699-1999 and GB/T702-2004, for it is mainly used in the cold, hot cutting processing for manufacturing shaft products, as well as in the construction engineering structure. In 2002, the hot rolled section steel won the title of Qingdao Municipal Famous Brand.
牌号 化 学 成 分 , %
C Si Mn P S
45 0.42~0.50 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035
50 0.47~0.55 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035
55 0.52~0.60 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035
Grade Chemical Composition %
C Si Mn P S
45 0.42~0.50 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035
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50 0.47~0.55 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035
55 0.52~0.60 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 ≤0.035 ≤0.035
牌号
力 学 性 能
屈服强度 ReH
MPa
抗拉强度 Rm
MPa
伸长率 A
%
45 ≥355 ≥600 ≥16
50 ≥375 ≥630 ≥14
55 ≥380 ≥645 ≥13
Grade
Mechanical Property
Yield Strength
ReH MPa
Tensile Strength
Rm MPa
Elongation A
%
45 ≥355 ≥600 ≥16
50 ≥375 ≥630 ≥14
55 ≥380 ≥645 ≥13
规格:∮14mm-∮55mm
Specifications: 14mm- 5∮ ∮ 5mm
10. 碳素结构钢:10. Carbon Structure Steel
主要分为盘条和圆钢。现执行 GB/T700 –2006 及相应产品标准。我公司生产的
Q195、LS08、1008 等盘条主要用于拉丝,Q235 盘条多用于建筑及冷轧带肋钢筋用
母料。高速线材轧机生产的产品具有盘重大,表面氧化铁皮少,尺寸公差精确等特点。
低碳钢无扭控冷热轧盘条 1999 年首次被评为山东省名牌产品,2003 年度再次确认;
热轧盘条获 2002 年度青岛市名牌产品称号;2004 年度获全国用户满意产品、冶金产
品实物质量“金杯奖”。
The main products of carbon structure steel are wire rod and round bar, adopting GB/T700 –2006 and corresponding products standards. The wire rod of Q195, LS08 and 1008 produced by QIS are mainly utilized for wiredrawing, and the wire rod of Q235, for construction and the base metal of cold rolled reinforced bar with rib. Products produced by the high speed rolling mill have those advantages as heavy coil weight, less surface scale and precise dimension tolerance. In 1999, the low carbon steel non-twisting controlled cooling and hot rolled wire was evaluated as Shandong Provincial Famous Brand Product at its first time,
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and confirmed again in 2003. The hot rolled wire rod won the title of Qingdao Municipal Famous Brand Product in 2002, and won the title of National Customer Satisfactory Product and “Golden Cup Prize” of product quality for Metallurgical products in 2004.
11. Hot Rolled Reinforced Bar With Rib for Reinforced ConcreteThe QIS Brand hot rolled Reinforced Bar for reinforced concrete is produced strictly in accordance with the National Compulsory Standard GB1499.2-2007 and the internal standards with the production license issued by the State. The diameters of the grade
HRB335, HRB400 are φ6mm ~ φ32mm, among which, the coil weight for HRB400
Reinforced Bar of φ6mm~φ10mm is 1~2tons, and the cutting length for the reinforced
bar of φ12mm~φ32mm is 6m~12m. With the annual production of more than 500,000
tons, the products are sold to the domestic market and the market abroad as well. In 2002, it won the title of product exempt from the national inspection, it won “Golden Cup Prize” of metallurgical Product Quality in 2003, and it was awarded with the title of “No.1 Brand of the Customer Satisfactory for Product Quality in Chinese Iron and Steel Market” in 2004 by the Market Information Centre of China Daily Press.
With the advantages of stable chemical composition, excellent mechanical and processing performances, good surface quality, the hot rolled reinforced bar produced by QIS is popular to customers and was used by many important construction projects in China.
钢筋 牌号
化 学 成 分 , %
C Si Mn P S Ceq
HRB335 ≤0.25 ≤0.80 ≤1.60 ≤0.045 ≤0.045 ≤0.52
HRB400 ≤0.25 ≤0.80 ≤1.60 ≤0.045 ≤0.045 ≤0.54
GradeChemical Content %
C Si Mn P S Ceq
HRB335 ≤0.25 ≤0.80 ≤1.60 ≤0.045 ≤0.045 ≤0.52
HRB400 ≤0.25 ≤0.80 ≤1.60 ≤0.045 ≤0.045 ≤0.54
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力学性能
钢筋牌号 公称直径mm
屈服点(σs)MPa
抗拉强度(σb)MPa
伸长率(δ5) %
冷弯 180° d=弯心直径 a=钢筋
公称直径
不 小 于
HRB335 6 ~ 40 335 490 16 d=3a
HRB400 6 ~ 40 400 570 14 d=4a
Mechanical Property
Grade
Norminal
Diameter
(mm)
Yielding
Point(σs)MPa
Tensile
Strength ( σb
)MPa
Elongation
(δ5) %
Cold Bending
180°
d=Bending
Diameter
a=Nominal
Diameter of the
Reinforced Bar
No More Than
HRB335 6 ~ 40 335 490 16 d=3a
HRB400 6 ~ 40 400 570 14 d=4a
12.预应力钢棒用热轧盘条:
12. Hot Rolled Wire Rod Coil for Pre-stressing Bar
我公司生产的预应力钢棒(PC 钢棒)用热轧盘条,产品标准为 YB/T4160-
2007,主要规格有 φ8mm、φ10mm、φ12 mm,主要牌号 30MnSi,钢水经炉外精
炼,电磁搅拌连铸,控冷控轧,盘条的抗拉强度、断面收缩率、显微组织等良好,用
户用其制作的预应力混凝土钢棒,具有高强度、低松弛、高塑性等特点,主要用于生
产预应力混凝土管桩沿海地区高层建筑、港口码头、桥梁等基础建设中,少量用于大
型屋面板等预应力混凝土构件。
Under the standard of YB/T4160-2007, the main grade of the hot rolled wire rod for prestressing steel bar (PC steel bar) produced by QIS is 30MnSi with the main diameters of φ8mm,φ10mm and φ12 mm. With the advantages of excellent tensile strength, reduction of area and the microstructure of the wire rod after process of refining, electromagnetic stirring continuous casting and controlled cooling and controlled rolling, the prestressing concrete steel bar made from it, which has the advantages of high strength, low looseness and high plasticity, is mainly used in infrastructure projects such as the prestressing concrete pipe pile,
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high rise in coast area, dock and harbor and bridge, another small amount is used to make prestressing concrete components for large roof board.
13. Spring Flat SteelSpring Flat steel is mainly used to manufacture the spring components for the transportation vehicles and other mechanical equipment. Under the standard GB/T1222, the main products of the spring flat steel are 60Si2Mn, 60Si2MnA, 50CrVA, 60CrMnA, 55CrMnA and SUP9,
and the dimensional range of the spring flat steel is 6~28.5×44.5~100mm. The product
quality is improved by means of refining, electromagnetic stirring and optimizing the data of controlled rolling and cooling process. With the advantages of excellent internal quality, good cut lengths and outside dimension, and long fatigue life, it takes the lead in the business nationwide. It was awarded with the “Golden Cup Prize” of metallurgical product quality by China Iron and Steel Industry Association in 2002.