Destruction: The Impact of Catastrophic Events on Architecture: Between Keeping the Memory and Project Occasion

DESTRUCTION:

THE IMPACT OF

CATASTROPHIC EVENTS

ON ARCHITECTURE: BETWEEN

KEEPING THE MEMORY AND

PROJECT OCCASION

cercet. drd. arh. Maria BOSTENARU DAN

RUINS OF THE

MOMENT

Constanze Baum

The only ruins maintained today

Carmo Convent

Cathedral Santa Maria, engraving, Jan Kozak collection

Ruins Lisbon 1755 imediately after

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The new Baixa neighbourhood built after 1755

Earthquake resistant structure imposed after the 1755 earthquake through

urban regulation, in renovation today

Casa pombalina

FIRE – THE MOMENT OF

THE CATASTROPHE OR

BEFORE AND AFTER?

OR THE MOMUMENT?

Architecture faculty of the Delft University, the Netherlands, 2008

Fire

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Manege Militaire, Quebec, 2008, before fire

Fire

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Manege Militaire, Quebec, 2008, after fire

Fire

Mayor Banu Manta 2009

Fire

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Mayor Banu Manta 2009

Fire

London, 1666

Reconstruction in the old pattern

After the fire Christopher Wren built the Sf. Paul cathedral and the monument

Urban fire

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Sf. Paul, London, Canaletto image, 1754

Urban fire

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RUINS

DEMOLITION AND

REBUILD

1900

Gedächtniskirche Berlin

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1954

Gedächtniskirche Berlin

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2007

Gedächtniskirche Berlin

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UAR headquaters

Casa Paucescu, 2000

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UAR headquaters

Casa Paucescu, 2000

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UAR headquaters

Nicolae Ionescu

Teatrul Naţional

National Theatre Calea Victoriei

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Hotel Novotel

CCA

CCA garden

demolition

Henrietta Delavrancea-Gibory

demolition

Henrietta Delavrancea-Gibory

demolition

Henrietta Delavrancea-Gibory

Henrietta Delavrancea-Gibory

Henrietta Delavrancea-Gibory

Club A block, in place of hanul Ion Românul

Club A block, in place of hanul Ion Românul

Club A block, in place of hanul Ion Românul

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Club A block, in place of hanul Ion Românul

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Reconstruction after the fire 1689

Gothic, then baroque

Black Church Braşov

REPHOTOGRAPHING

BEFORE AND AFTER

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Bibliografy

Tickle your catastrophe!

http://www.catastrophe.ugent.be/

Ruin value

Catastrophy, artistic presentation

Ruins as memory

Modernity, 18th century, Piranesi

The ruins of antiquity

18th century, Lisbon earthquake 1755

Ruins of the moment (Constanze Baum)

Created within a short time by the earthquake

Deleted in short time through reconstruction

The ruin in the urban landscape

San Francisco 1908: urban images (technique)

Piranesi (1720-1778), Vedute (Forum Nerva)

Ruins of antiquity

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CATASTROPHE/

DESTRUCTION

PHOTOGRAPHY AT THE

CCA

Archive photography

Documentary photography

Rephotographing

19th century

19th century photography of

catastrophes

The scope of photography

Not documentation

Souvernir (made for sale)

Popular format: stereo

Photographing in series

Known photographers

Earthquake

Flood

Fire

Volcano (Pompei) – Giorgio Sommer

Paris Commune

Alfred Capel-Cure (ruins and vegetation):

blasted oaks

Paris Commune

The first man-made ruins which evoked the

same poetics as those of Antiquity

fire

Earthquake

San Francisco, USA

Norcia, Italy

Antigua

Earthquake

Arnold Genthe

Robert Macpherson

Eadweard Muybridge

R.J. Waters & Co

James Stoddard

Willard Worden

Flood

Norwich 1878, England

Latchford 1890, England

Waburton 1891

Johnstown 1889

Avignon, France

Montreal, Canada

Conemaugh, USA

Brisbane, Australia

Flood

Edouard Baldus

G. Herbert Bayley

Alexander Henderson

Charles Rudd

Fire

Boston 1860, USA

St. Claude, France

Paris (Commune), France

Philadelphia, USA

Louisiana, USA

Notre Dame de Montreal, Canada

Chicago, USA

Quebec, Canada

Illinois, USA

Portland (Maine), USA

Fire

J. Andrieu

Edouard Baldus

George N. Barnard

James Wallace Black

Robert Burley

Alfred Capel-Cure

Franck

Frederick Gutekunst

Brian Merrett

A. Richebourg

C. Seaver Jr.

John P. Soule

William Notman & Son

Volcano

Giorgio Sommer photographer also the

volcano (not in the collection)

Paris Commune

Gustave Le Gray

J. Andrieu

Bruno Braquehais

Albert Fernique

Franck

C. Jung

A. Richebourg

Charles Soulier

20TH CENTURY

HERITAGE

REAL OR DIGITAL

CONSERVATION/

DOCUMENTATION

INTERVENTION

Romania

Greece

Italy

Multifamily housing from the 1930

Bucharest – Marcel Janco

Como – Rationalism

Ljubljana – Joze Plecnik

Buildings on urban parcours

Neapel – Mostra d Oltremare

Athens – Army Pension Fund Building

Retrofited interwar buildings

THE USE OF DAMAGE

PHOTOS 20TH CENTURY

August Sander

Köln 1945

Warning how politics can destroy the beauty of cities

THE USE OF

(EARTHQUAKE) DAMAGE

PHOTOS TODAY

Earthquake damage Romania 1977

Karl Steinbrugge collection photos

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Shear damage

Earthquake in Romania 1977

Karl Steinbrugge collection photos

Michael Markus

SFB461 C7 Karlsruhe

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Haiti desktop reconnaisance

Randolph Langenbach

extracts

THE ARCHITECTURE

OF MEMORY

The covered/rediscovered space

Presentation in the artistic project

Covered with sand

Scenography installation

Sand

Scenography installation

Sand

hear

Rediscovered space

see

Rediscovered space

see

Rediscovered space

see

Rediscovered space

taste

Rediscovered space

smell

Rediscovered space

Rediscovered space

Rediscovered space

Rediscovered space

Rediscovered space

Covered with vegetation

Westfacade of the Eldena ruin

Caspar David Friedrich

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Faial, Azore, church collapsed in the 1998 earthquake, photo 2008

Vegetation

Project Paradise garden, going out of „Thorn rose“ (Grimm)

Vegetation

„Paradise garden“ project

Doors through the key of primordial elements

Connections

Mythology and elements

Landscape project, “the door” to enter the

rediscovered space through the key of

elements

The idea of entry door: shadow, projection,

reflection

Project “Water museum” – dual character

Landscape project using the elements key

The labyrinth, initiation garden in Renaissance gardens (Schönbrunn,

Viena, Austria)

Vegetation

Covered with water

Diploma project „Water museum“

AQUA MEGA

Stalker (Tarkovsky, 1979)

Water

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Stalker (Tarkovsky, 1979)

Water

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Covered with other buildings

Quebec city

Covering by new construction

Quebec city

Covering by new construction

Quebec city

Covering by new construction

Lipscani, Bucharest

Uncovering by new construction

Keeping the memory in

intervention projects

Intervention projects

Building retrofit

Change of function, material, shape

Social change

Charter and Declaration of Amsterdam (1975)

Integrated conservation (interdisciplinary between

architecture and urbanism)

Bibliografie

http://www.icomos.org/docs/amsterdam.html

Intervention projects

3 examples

Gibellina (film Jörg Burger, 2007, Austria)

San Giuliano di Puglia after the Moliseearthquake, 2002

LiteratureRandolph Langenbach, Alberto Dusi: On the Cross of Sant'Andrea: The Response to the Tragedy of San Giuliano di Puglia Following the 2002 Molise, Italy, Earthquake, Earthquake Spectra Volume 20, Issue S1, 2004, p. S341-S358http://www.conservationtech.com

C.A.S.E. L„Aquila

Project leader Gian Michele Calvi, Pavia, Italia

Modern town, touristic museum, like Rouen, ville nouvelle, in which the

citizens have not adapted

Gibellina

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San Giuliano di Puglia

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Seismic concept C.A.S.E. L Aquila

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Urban layout l„Aquila

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l„Aquila one year after

l„Aquila one year after

l„Aquila one year after

l„Aquila one year after

l„Aquila one year after

l„Aquila one year after

C.A.S.E. l„Aquila

C.A.S.E. l„Aquila

C.A.S.E. l„Aquila

C.A.S.E. l„Aquila

C.A.S.E. l„Aquila

C.A.S.E. l„Aquila

Architecture and urbanism

UIA and l„Aquila

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UIA and l„aquila

UIA and l„Aquila

IUAV and l„Aquila

Literature

movimenti moderni:terremoti e architettura 1883-2004 Eventi sismici e occasioni di progetto, da Messina a San Giuliano di Pugliadi Michele Bonino e Chiara CalderiniPARAMETROnumero 251 Anno XXXIV Maggio/Giugno 2004

Interview Gian Michele Calvi

New antiseismic housing L„Aquila, 2009

THANK YOU!