Designing New Business Models for Sustainable Urban Design Presented by Dr. Alan Martin Redmond [email protected]
Designing New Business Models for Sustainable Urban Design
Presented by Dr. Alan Martin Redmond
Developing and maintaining Smart Grid Applications for City Districts
The main question: Do we “Europe” have agile infrastructures, network systems and operational models for developing and maintaining smart grid applications for our city districts and can we extend our Hyper Connected World through Internet of Things and Big Data?
The objectives:a) To discuss IoT and Energy Market Strategiesb) To investigate business models that focus on energy
management at the neighbourhood level within a marketing context.
c) To identify the client requirements/business needs for SMART Cities
d) To propose a digital business model for Smart Cities
State the Problem
• The need for reducing energy emission is not only environmental impacts but also financial
• IMF (2008) “the current unsustainable patterns of energy usage do not only relate to costs and risks but also require large investments in green energy”
• The European Union stresses the fact that utilities and Distribution System Operators are facing new challenges in managing their grids with increasing penetration of variable distributed generation i.e. integration of renewables (expected to be up to 50% by 2030 as a clear target established by the European Commission).
Internet of Things and Big Data ‐ Challenges?
• Biggs et al. (2015) recognized that Internet of Things as a function emerged as early as 2005, based on the hyper‐connectivity of our technological advances in fields such as wireless and mobile connectivity, nanotechnology, radio‐frequency identification (RFID) and smart sensor technologies.
• ITU (2012) report defines IoT as, “A global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable ICT.”
• Biggs et al. Challenges:i) Reliabilityii) Scalabilityiii) Poweriv) Cost and Ownership of Models
The Five Key elements of the Energy Union strategy
Five – Year NB‐IoT Connectivity Revenue for Germany
(sourced with permission from Gerard Corcoran 2017)
New Business Models
• Brynjolfsson and McAfee (2014) quoted “As massive technological innovation radically reshapes our world, we need to develop new business models, new technologies, and new policies that amplify our human capabilities, so every person can stay economically viable in an age of increasing automation”
• Yanrong et al. (2014) identified that business model cities are exploring new business models to fund their smart city projects such as i) Cloud Computing, ii) creating revenue from data, iii) pilot projects and iv) smarter procurement.
Financial Techniques
The Energy Hub (E‐Hub)
Agents representing devices operating in a market with an auctioneer agent (sourced from http://www.e-hub.org/agent-based-technology.html)
The B2B2X use case ‘Amsterdam ArenA Innovative Centre (AAIC)’
Common Business Models for City and ArenA (sourced with permission from Corcoran and Piva, 2014)
IoT System Dynamics
Created by Alan Martin Redmond 10/10/2017
Value Chain
Revenue Streams
SDN & NFV can make the service chain & applications shorter
and simpler
Contracts
Monetize new service innovation via DPI and
policy changes
Security Services
Micro segmentation run on instance of network security for
VIM
Reduced TCO increased elasticity
MEC application framework
Customer Segment
Cost effective solution for mobile operators to reduce congestion
(Multi‐RAT)
Coverage overlapping various wireless
networks (LTE, Wifi)
More Efficient Equipment
Simplify multi‐RAT network management
Value Propositions
Sales
Channels
Integrating multiple VIM including Public
Cloud
Interoperability not achievable without additional protocols
API to support edge computing
interoperability
Transfer different service simultaneously
Quality management process
Trends
New Services
Cost structure
Performance Improvements
Cost effective solution for mobile operators to reduce congestion
More Efficient Environment
OpenStack APIs controls pools of
compute, storage & network resources
Radio Controlled heating , lighting
systems, GPS & WiFi
Digital Business Model
Summary• The business models highlighted how new technologies can provide more sustainable urban environments from a network service view point using IoT infrastructure.
• The E‐Hub case study is an example of Agent‐based technology that implemented smarter financial instruments that can increase investment in new technologies for city districts.
• The AAIC case study illustrated the technological innovation provided by a Chinese company in developing an open‐access wireless LAN infrastructure in the Netherlands.
• ETSI – “future work will take into considerations heterogeneous networks using LTE, 5G fixed and WiFi technologies that will include developer friendly and standard APIs, standard based interface among multi‐access hosts and an alignment with NFV architecture”
• Europe has the capabilities to lead the world in smart grids applications but the European energy and security market needs an integrated electricity system to fully develop the potential of IoT
Questions/References:
ETSI (2017), The Standard, New from ETSI, Issue 2
ETSI – CEPT/ECC Workshop Public Protection and Disaster Relief: Regulatory Changes and New Opportunities for Broadband PPDR, 29 September 2016, Sophia Antipolis, France, (Yannick Lair – LG Electronics, Sebastian Mueller – ETSI, Luis Jorge Romero – ETSI Director General, Ulrich Rehfuess –Nokia Solutions and Network Gmbh & Co. KG)
Huawei (2015), NB‐IOT, Enabling New Business Opportunities, Building a Better Connected World, Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd, Bantian Longgang District Shenzhen518129, P.R. China
Redmond, A. and Zarli, A. (2017), Developing New Business Models for Sustainable Urban Design, International Journal of Design Sciences and Technology, Europia Productions; 15 avenue de Ségur, 75007, Paris, France.
Redmond, A. and Zarli, A. (2017), The Concept Selection of Lean Software and System Engineering Tools for Smart Cities, International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation, 23rd ICE/IEEE ITMC, 27 – 29 June, Madeira Island, Portugal.
Distributed Automated Systems (DAS)
http://www.bacnet.org/Bibliography/EC‐9‐97/EC‐9‐97.html
LonWorks (local operating network) is a networking platform specifically created to address the needs of control applications.
Investigating Models (Case Studies)
• “Agent‐based System Architecture is a network of intelligent agents that share facts with other agents and adapt their behavior in response to these shared facts; intelligent agents apply knowledge in the form of rules to transform input to output facts and to make decisions to adapt their behavior” Clymer (2009)
In a report, the ITU outlined 13 specs that networks will need to meet to call themselves 5G, including:• 20Gbps peak download rate • 10Gbps peak upload rate • 30bps/Hz peak spectral efficiency downlink • 15bps/Hz peak spectral efficiency uplink • 100Mbps user experienced download rate • 50Mbps user experienced upload rate
What is 5G? 5G vs 4G and the future of UK mobile networks explainedSean Keach (http://www.trustedreviews.com/author/seankeach
Cyber Physical Systems
Percentage make up of electricity bills