Mar 01, 2016
Design and Construction of Floating
Breakwaters for the Port of Bremerton using
Physical and Computer Modeling
Robert F. Henry, P.E. Art Anderson Associates
Panchy Arumugasaamy, PhD, P.E. Art Anderson Associates
Woosuk Ahn, PhD, PE Reid Middleton
C.J. Garrison, PhD, P.E. Consultant in Marine Hydrodynamics
Vladimir Shepsis, PhD, P.E. Coast and Harbor Engineering
Site Location
Seattle
Bremerton
Old (Existing) Bremerton Marina
Ferry Terminal
Old (Existing) Bremerton Marina
Ferry Terminal
Old (Existing) Bremerton Marina
Ferry Terminal
New Bremerton Marina
Challenges of the New Marina
Existing marina was constructed in 1990s
Shallow draft floating breakwater attenuate
waves generated by wind
A limited existing body of knowledge regarding A limited existing body of knowledge regarding
wake waves
The large scale of harbor protection
requirements
A need to quantify the wake problem and its
effects
Data Collection and Modeling
Field Data
Collection
Physical
Modeling
Computer
Modeling
Data Collection Locations
Surface Displacement
10/4/02 03:44:32 - Burst 629 Data
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
W
a
t
e
r
S
u
r
f
a
c
e
D
i
s
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t
(
m
)
OUTSIDE INSIDE
AvgHeight = 0.08m
MaxHeight = 0.42m
AvgPeriod = 3.5
SigPeriod = 5.14
-0.3
-0.2
0
3
:
4
4
:
3
0
0
3
:
4
4
:
4
0
0
3
:
4
4
:
5
0
0
3
:
4
5
:
0
0
0
3
:
4
5
:
1
0
0
3
:
4
5
:
2
0
0
3
:
4
5
:
3
0
0
3
:
4
5
:
4
0
0
3
:
4
5
:
5
0
0
3
:
4
6
:
0
0
0
3
:
4
6
:
1
0
0
3
:
4
6
:
2
0
0
3
:
4
6
:
3
0
0
3
:
4
6
:
4
0
0
3
:
4
6
:
5
0
0
3
:
4
7
:
0
0
0
3
:
4
7
:
1
0
0
3
:
4
7
:
2
0
0
3
:
4
7
:
3
0
0
3
:
4
7
:
4
0
0
3
:
4
7
:
5
0
0
3
:
4
8
:
0
0
0
3
:
4
8
:
1
0
0
3
:
4
8
:
2
0
0
3
:
4
8
:
3
0
0
3
:
4
8
:
4
0
0
3
:
4
8
:
5
0
0
3
:
4
9
:
0
0
0
3
:
4
9
:
1
0
0
3
:
4
9
:
2
0
0
3
:
4
9
:
3
0
0
3
:
4
9
:
4
0
0
3
:
4
9
:
5
0
0
3
:
5
0
:
0
0
0
3
:
5
0
:
1
0
0
3
:
5
0
:
2
0
0
3
:
5
0
:
3
0
0
3
:
5
0
:
4
0
0
3
:
5
0
:
5
0
0
3
:
5
1
:
0
0
0
3
:
5
1
:
1
0
0
3
:
5
1
:
2
0
0
3
:
5
1
:
3
0
0
3
:
5
1
:
4
0
0
3
:
5
1
:
5
0
0
3
:
5
2
:
0
0
0
3
:
5
2
:
1
0
0
3
:
5
2
:
2
0
0
3
:
5
2
:
3
0
0
3
:
5
2
:
4
0
0
3
:
5
2
:
5
0
0
3
:
5
3
:
0
0
Time (hrs:min:sec)
Surface Displacement
9/29/02 01:01:36 - Burst 807 Data
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0
1
:
0
1
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
1
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
1
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
2
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
2
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
2
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
2
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
2
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
2
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
3
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
3
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
3
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
3
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
3
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
3
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
4
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
4
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
4
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
4
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
4
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
4
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
5
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
5
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
5
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
5
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
5
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
5
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
6
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
6
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
6
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
6
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
6
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
6
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
7
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
7
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
7
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
7
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
7
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
7
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
8
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
8
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
8
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
8
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
8
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
8
:
5
0
0
1
:
0
9
:
0
0
0
1
:
0
9
:
1
0
0
1
:
0
9
:
2
0
0
1
:
0
9
:
3
0
0
1
:
0
9
:
4
0
0
1
:
0
9
:
5
0
0
1
:
1
0
:
0
0
Time (hrs:min:sec)
W
a
t
e
r
S
u
r
f
a
c
e
D
i
s
p
l
a
c
e
m
e
n
t
(
m
)
OUTSIDE INSIDE
AvgHeight = 0.08m
MaxHeight = 0.45m
AvgPeriod = 3.7
SigPeriod = 4.55
Field Data and Engineering
Analysis Conclusions
The performance of the breakwater is expressed through a transmission coefficient Kt.
It was estimated for the existing breakwater is approximately Kt=0.65. approximately Kt=0.65.
To satisfy standard criteria for marina performance, Kt should be less than 0.40
To meet Kt=0.4, Beam (width) = 22.5 ft and Draft (depth)= 7.5 ft.
Physical Model Setup
101ft 147.6ft
17.4ft 24ft
13.1ft
14.1ft
WAVE
cL
2.3ftEXISTING
BREAKWATER
36ft36ft
13.1ft
WG2
WAVE
MAKER
CLUMP
WEIGHTS
FLOATING
BREAKWATER
FLUME BOTTOM
WG1 WG3 WG410ftWIRE
MOORING
LINE
1.6ftBREAKWATER
MODIFIED
BREAKWATER
1
12CHAIN
MOORING
Model Breakwater Installation
Model of Existing
Breakwater
Mooring Chains and
Clump Weights
Mooring Line
Wave Tank in Motion
Physical Modeling Summary
To satisfy the requirement of Kt=0.4, the
breakwater beam and draft should be
24.5 ft and 8.0 ft, respectively
2-D Computer Modeling
(Transects 1-4)
210800
211000
211200
211400
80
90
100
Depth(feet, MLLW)
4
1198000 1198400 1198800 1199200 1199600 1200000
209200
209400
209600
209800
210000
210200
210400
210600
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
704
3
21
2D Computer Model in Action
(Existing Marina)
Wave Heights for Existing
Marina Conditions
3.0
4.0
W
a
v
e
H
e
i
g
h
t
(
f
e
e
t
)
Transect 1 (South)
Transect 2
Transect 3
Transect 4 (North)
Breakwater
ShorelineIncident Waves
0.0
1.0
2.0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Distance (feet)
W
a
v
e
H
e
i
g
h
t
(
f
e
e
t
)
2D Computer Model in Action
(New Marina)
Wave Heights for New
Marina Conditions
3.0
4.0
W
a
v
e
H
e
i
g
h
t
(
f
e
e
t
)
Transect 1 (South)
Transect 2
Transect 3
Transect 4 (North)
Breakwater (locationvaries in transects)
Shoreline
Incident
Waves
0.0
1.0
2.0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Distance (feet)
W
a
v
e
H
e
i
g
h
t
(
f
e
e
t
)
Breakwater and Mooring
Lines Layout
Elastic Connection for
Modeling
Tension in Catenary Moorings
120,000
CATENARY LINE TENSIONHs=2.9', T0 = 2.9s
246
0 100 200 300 400 500TIME, (s)
0
40,000
80,000
T
E
N
S
I
O
N
,
(
L
B
S
)
Line 6
Line 4
Line 2
Mooring Analysis and
Structural Design
Mooring Analysis
Iterations of mooring and hydrodynamic
analyses
Level of pretension, length, and size of mooring
lines were determined
Typical Mooring Line
Mooring Analysis and
Structural Design
Consideration of various facilities and float
launching methods
Maximum length of individual body = 150 ft
Four different concrete mix designs (ready mixed)
Lightweight fine aggregate (imported from
Colorado State) blending with normal weight
aggregates.
Concrete Mixture Details
Typical Breakwater Section
Breakwater Connection Plan
A1 C4126 ft
112 ft
A1A2
A3A4 B4B3B2B1
C4C3
C2C1
Construction of Breakwater
Breakwater Side wall
Foam Filler for Breakwater
Breakwater Top Deck Being Poured
Work is Underway!
Breakwater Launch
Breakwater Launch Floating
Breakwater Launch
Breakwater Launch Floating
Assembled Breakwater Being Towed
Assembled Breakwater
Public Access to Marina
Access Ramp from Marina to
Breakwater
Completed Marina with Breakwater
Summary
Not only breakwater but also over-water
park
Innovative construction applicable to many
different manufacturing and launching different manufacturing and launching
methods.
Make an impact on other local governments,
A/E firms and contractors to develop future
durable and cost-effective breakwaters.
Environmental & public-friendly breakwater
We will Happy to Answer any
Questions?
Thank You