DESIGN PROCESS Unit 1 History, Design & Sketching
DESIGN PROCESSUnit 1
History, Design & Sketching
Design Process Big Bang Theory uses it
“Ideas are born in the mind and brought into being at
the point of a pencil.”
Design Process Ideas can be communicated graphically
through sketching and computer. Use of graphic software allows you to
transform ideas into graphic representations.
When words along cannot describe a new or futuristic forms, sketches are needed to show what can not be said.
Aspects of Design Since the beginning of civilization, men
and women have used their imagination, knowledge and curiosity to design and build tools and machines to make their work easier. (1)
As time went on, refinement made these tools and machines more efficient and the lives of those using them easier.
Aspects of Design Design does not need to be entirely
original – improvements build on to one another and the design evolves. (2)
Each step of the process build one the previous steps
Designers do not find it necessary to “reinvent the wheel”
Aspects of Design
Creativity and Design do not mean the same thing!
Creativity is the combination of imagination, knowledge and curiosity (16)
Design is the conception of an idea and its development into a practical, producible and usable process or product. (17)
Aspects of Design Designers are concerned with three basic issues (3)
The look and feel of the final product (aesthetic design)
The successful operation of the final product (functional design)
The manufacturing process and the choice of materials (feasibility of manufacturing & marketing)
Functional design The functional aspect of design implies that the
product will perform in the manner for which it was intended. “Does the product meet the functional design objective?” Example??
“Form follows function.” Louis Sullivan
Function is the primary importance, the overall form (aesthetics) is part of the overall design and is not separate
Aesthetic Design Deals with form, or overall physical appearance. Involves:
Color Line Style Space Contrast Proportion Balance
Examples? The look of a product is often designed to send a
message or feeling about a product (6) ◦Example: shiny, red sports car = fast car
Engineering Design Engineering design is a creative problem-
solving process
Designers use knowledge, creativity, experience, and resources to create a new or improved product
Design must be functionally efficient, meet the design objective , be aesthetically pleasing and meet the financial objective
Engineering Design Designers and engineers are involved in
aspects of design process – Drafter needs to be familiar with each step
Drafters are called upon in all parts of the graphics communication process – works on everything from initial sketches to final presentation (7)
Design Process Two basic models for the design process:
Traditional Engineering Design Concurrent Engineering Design
Designers and Engineers will often “customize” a process to fit their
needs
Traditional Engineering Design T.E.D uses a linear approach (8)
A design engineer will take the design of a product from initial stages and carry it, step-by-step until it is turned over to production
In simple terms: each person does their part and passes the product on to the next.(9) Once they are done, they don’t see the product again unless there is a problem. Manufacturing and marketing get little thought until design process is done
Traditional Engineering Design Process
State the
Problem
Analyze the need
Set Objective
Create Alternati
ves
Check feasibilit
y
Select solution
– develop prototyp
e
Feedback – Market response
Draw the final desig
n
TED Process
1. Basic idea is created or problem is assigned to design engineer
2. Design engineer analyzes need for product – is it needed? 3. Objectives are set 4. Ideas are created 5. Ideas checked for feasibility – cycles thru step 4 as needed 6. Best solution is picked – may be prototyped for further
review 7. Prototype goes out to be evaluated – if it tanks or problems
found goes back to Step 4 8. Final drawing and product created
Concurrent Engineering Design Done as a comprehensive team – everyone
works together (11) Team consists of all aspects of the design,
manufacturing, marketing and servicing of the product (10)
Considers the manufacturability, quality, life cycle, cost and whether the final product will meet the design objectives
Because everyone works together, there are fewer delays and seldom a need to redesign an item
Concurrent Engineering Design Also known as concurrent engineering,
concurrent product design and simultaneous engineering
Process came about quickly with computer –based design and manufacturing tools
TED vs CED
Linear Process Chief engineer responsible
for most of design process Chief engineer would use
many drafters and technicians busy with drawing and documentation
Can not start on next phase until last one done
A comprehensive CAD and computerized engineering database serves as basis for all aspects of project
Team members do not need to be in one place – can be anyplace in world that can access the database
Can work on multiple areas at same time
Traditional Concurrent
CED Concerned with making a better product
in less time – continuous quality improvements used through out process (12)
Product’s life cycle is considered early Life cycle: Total life of a product from
conception of an idea to the recycling of the materials it is made from
Concurrent Engineering Design Process is broken down into three main
areas that overlap throughout process to guarantee total integration
Three areas: Ideation Refinement Implementation
Concurrent Engineering Design
Concurrent Engineering Design Ideation
Design problem is identified Preliminary ideas developed Preliminary design agreed upon
Concurrent Engineering Design Refinement
Preparation of models and prototypes (Modeling)
Through physical, production and legal analysis of the design (Design Analysis)
Design visualization or analysis of the aesthetics
Concurrent Engineering Design Implementation
Analysis of production, financing, servicing, documentation, final planning, life cycles
Concurrent engineering design is now the most common method for design in most industrial applications (13) Significant quality improvement Up to 40% reduction in project time and cost As much as 80% reduction in design changes
Concurrent Engineering Design Model
Computer Database
Design Engineering
Consumers
Material Suppliers
Support Personnel
Marketing
Manufacturing Engineering
Resources http://www.teachersdomain.org/
resource/phy3.sci.engin.design.desprocess/
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