Design Operation of Uasb Reactor

7/23/2019 Design Operation of Uasb Reactor

1/48

9 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

CEPRJ@\GPJE

Ieilrjbcg prlipalep cw ejt blgjaced i vjv|hir prlipalep

alpmj` njr ce`|wprcih tiwpltiplr( blgi|wl jn cpwlnnlgpc~lelww ce prlipced mcdm wprledpm tiwpltiplr ie`

blgi|wl jn cpw lgjejacg i`~iepidlw%

@l~lhjvl` ce pml Elpmlrhie`w ce pml hipl wl~lepclw -934>!

93=6# bs Vrjn% Dip{l Hlppcedi ! Tidlecedle \ec~lrwcps(\IWB -\vnhjt Ieilrjbcg Wh|`dl Bl`# rligpjr tiw

jrcdceihhs |wl` njr prlipced tiwpltiplr nrja w|dir

rlnceced( brltlrclw ie` bl~lridl ce`|wprs( `cwpchhlrclw ie`

nlralepipcje ce`|wprs( njj` ce`|wprs( v|hv ie` vivlr

ce`|wprs%

Ce rlglep pcalw pml ivvhcgipcjew njr pmcw plgmejhjds irl

l}vie`ced pj cegh|`l prlipalep jn gmlacgih ie`

vlprjgmlacgih ce`|wprs lnnh|lepw( pl}pchl ce`|wprs

tiwpltiplr( hie`nchh hligmiplw( iw tlhh iw ivvhcgipcjew

`crlgpl` ip gje~lrwcjew ce pml w|hn|r gsghl ie` rlaj~ih jn

alpihw% N|rpmlrajrl( ce tira ghcaiplw pml \IWB gjeglvp

cw ihwj w|cpibhl njr prlipalep jn `jalwpcg tiwpltiplr%


2/48


Ce rlglep slirw( pml e|ablr jn ieilrjbcg rligpjrw ce pml

tjrh` cw cegrliwced rivc`hs ie` ibj|p 42, gjewcwp jn

rligpjrw biwl` je pml \IWB ie` LDWB plgmejhjdclw%


3/48


Ncd|rl 9% Lwwlepcih Gjavjelepw jn ie \IWB Rligpjr

\IWB;


4/48


Ieilrjbcg drie|hir wh|`dl bl` plgmejhjds rlnlrw pj i

wvlgcih oce` jn rligpjr gjeglvp njr pml "mcdm ripl"

ieilrjbcg prlipalep jn tiwpltiplr% Pml gjeglvp tiw

cecpcipl` tcpm |vtir`!nhjt ieilrjbcg wh|`dl bhieolp

-\IWB# rligpjr% % Nrja i mir`tirl vlrwvlgpc~l( i \IWB

rligpjr cw ip ncrwp ivvliriegl ejpmced ajrl pmie ie lavps

pieo -pm|w ie l}prlalhs wcavhl ie` cel}vlewc~l `lwcde#%

Tiwpltiplr cw `cwprcb|pl` cepj pml pieo ip ivvrjvrciplhs

wvigl` cehlpw% Pml tiwpltiplr viwwlw |vtir`w pmrj|dm ie

ieilrjbcg wh|`dl bl` tmlrl pml acgrjjrdiecwaw ce pml

wh|`dl gjal cepj gjepigp tcpm tiwpltiplr!w|bwpriplw% Pml

wh|`dl bl` cw gjavjwl` jn acgrjjrdiecwaw pmip eip|rihhs

njra drie|hlw -vlhhlpw# jn 6%< pj 2 aa `cialplr pmip mi~l

i mcdm wl`calepipcje ~lhjgcps ie` pm|w rlwcwp tiwm!j|p

nrja pml wswpla l~le ip mcdm ms`ri|hcg hji`w% Pml

rlw|hpced ieilrjbcg `ldri`ipcje vrjglww psvcgihhs cw

rlwvjewcbhl njr pml vrj`|gpcje jn diw -l%d% bcjdiw

gjepiceced GM0 ie` GJ2#% Pml |vtir` ajpcje jn rlhliwl`

diw b|bbhlw gi|wlw ms`ri|hcg p|rb|hlegl pmip vrj~c`lw

rligpjr ac}ced tcpmj|p ies algmiecgih virpw% Ip pml pjv

jn pml rligpjr( pml tiplr vmiwl cw wlviripl` nrja wh|`dl


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< IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

wjhc`w ie` diw ce i pmrll!vmiwl wlviripjr -ihwj oejte pml

diw!hcy|c`!wjhc`w wlviripjr#% Pml pmrll!vmiwl!wlviripjr cw

gjaajehs i diw giv tcpm i wlpphlr wcp|ipl` ibj~l cp%

Blhjt pml jvleced jn pml diw giv( binnhlw irl |wl` pj

`lnhlgp diw pj pml diw!giv jvleced%

Brcln Mcwpjrs \IWB;


6/48

> IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

Pml \IWB vrjglww tiw `l~lhjvl` bs @r% Dip{l

Hlppcedi# ie` gjhhlid|lw ce pml hipl 9346$w ip pml

Tidlecedle \ec~lrwcps -Pml Elpmlrhie`w#% Cewvcrl` bs

v|bhcgipcjew jn @r( Vlrrs AgGirps -nrja Wpienjr`( \WI#(

Hlppcedi$w plia tiw l}vlrcalepced tcpm ie ieilrjbcg

nchplr gjeglvp% Pml ieilrjbcg nchplr -IN# cw i mcdm ripl

ieilrjbcg rligpjr ce tmcgm bcjaiww cw caajbchc{l` je ie

celrp vjrj|w w|vvjrp aiplrcih% @|rced l}vlrcalepw tcpm

pml IN( Hlppcedi mi` jbwlr~l` pmip ce i``cpcje pj bcjaiww

ippigml` je pml w|vvjrp aiplrcih( i hirdl vrjvjrpcje jn pml

bcjaiww `l~lhjvl` cepj nrll drie|hir iddrldiplw% Pml

\IWB gjeglvp grswpihhc{l` `|rced i prcv Dip{l Hlppcedi

ai`l pj Wj|pm Inrcgi( tmlrl ml jbwlr~l` ip ie ieilrjbcg

vhiep prlipced tcel ~ceiwwl( pmip wh|`dl tiw `l~lhjvced

cepj gjavigp drie|hlw% Pml rligpjr `lwcde jn pml vhiep ml

tiw ~cwcpced tiw i "ghircdlwpjr"( tmcgm gie bl ~cltl` iw

ie ieglwpjr pj pml \IWB% Pml |vvlr virp jn pml

"ghircdlwpjr" rligpjr `lwcde miw i ghircnclr b|p ej diw giv

Bcrpm jn \IWB;


8/48

= IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

Pml \IWB rligpjr gjeglvp tiw rivc`hs `l~lhjvl` cepj

plgmejhjds( pml ncrwp vchjp vhiep tiw cewpihhl` ip i bllp

w|dir rlncelrs ce Pml Elpmlrhie`w -GWA w|colr#%

Pmlrlinplr i hirdl e|ablr jn n|hh!wgihl vhiepw tlrl

cewpihhl` pmrj|dmj|p pml Elpmlrhie`w ip w|dir rlncelrclw(

vjpipj wpirgm vrjglwwced vhiepw( ie` jpmlr njj` ce`|wprclw

iw tlhh iw rlgsghl vivlr vhiepw% Pml ncrwp v|bhcgipcjew je

pml \IWB `lwcde gjeglvp ivvlirl` ce @|pgm hied|idl

plgmecgih kj|reihw ce pml hipl 9346$w ie` pml ncrwp

ceplreipcjeih v|bhcgipcje ivvlirl` ce 93=6 %

I`~iepidlw jn pml \IWB rligpjr;


9/48


Aj`|hir wswpla

Tjrh`tc`l i~ichibchcps

Gjrrjwcje nrll `lwcde

Ple slirw d|iriepll

N|hhs igglwwcbhl njr cewvlgpcje ie` ghlieced

Ghjwl` wswpla

Ej j`j|r lacwwcje

Hcacpl` rligpjr mlcdmp

Gmiriwplrcwpcgw jn pml \IWB;


10/48


Pml \IWB `lwcde cw i aj`|hir wswpla pmip ihhjtw njr i

pichjr ai`l ivvrjigm pj w|cp ligm vrjglww `lwcde ie` hjgih

gcrg|awpieglw% Pml vrlnibrcgipl` pmrll vmiwl wlviripjr ce

pml pjv jn pml rligpjr cw `lwcdel` jn wsepmlpcg aiplrcih ie`

~crp|ihhs |einnlgpl` bs ieilrjbcg gje~lepcjew% Pmcw

lew|rlw ie l}ple`l` hcnl wvie gjavirl` pj gje~lepcjeih

wpllh `lwcdew% Pml gjavigp wlpphlr aj`|hl miw l}glhhlep

ibchcpclw pj wlviripl diw( tiplr ie` drie|hir wh|`dl

lnncgclephs |e`lr ~ircj|w gje`cpcjew%

Ieilrjbcg Vrjglwwlw ce pml \IWB Rligpjr;


11/48


Pmlrl irl 0 vmiwlw jn ieilrjbcg `cdlwpcje ce ie \IWB

rligpjr

Ms`rjhswcw( tmlrl le{salw l}grlpl` bs nlralepipc~lbigplrci gje~lrp gjavhl}( mli~s( |e!`cwwjh~l`

aiplrcihw -vrjplcew( girbjms`riplw( nipw# cepj hlww

gjavhl}( hcdmplr( aiplrcihw -iacej igc`w( w|dirw(

ihgjmjhw%%%#%

Igc`jdlelwcw( tmlrl `cwwjh~l` gjavj|e`w irl

gje~lrpl` cepj wcavhl gjavj|e`w( -~jhipchl nipps!

igc`w( ihgjmjhw( higpcg igc`( GJ2( M2( EM7( M2W # ie`

elt glhh!aipplr%

Iglpjdlelwcw( tmlrl `cdlwpcje vrj`|gpw irl gje~lrpl`cepj iglpipl( M2( GJ2 ie` elt glhh!aipplr%

Alpmiejdlelwcw( tmlrl iglpipl( ms`rjdle vh|w

girbjeipl( njraipl jr alpmiejh irl gje~lrpl` cepj

GM0( GJ2 ie` elt glhh!aipplr%

Wvlgcncgw jn pml \IWB Rligpjr;


12/48


Tmle gjavirced tcpm jpmlr ieilrjbcg rligpjrw( tl

gjegh|`l pmip pml `cnnlrleglw iw tlhh iw pml wvlgcncgw jn ie

\IWB irl l}cwplegl jn drie|hlw wh|`dl ie` ceplreih pmrll!

vmiwl DWH `l~cgl -diw*wh|`dl*hcy|c` wlviripjr wswpla#

Drie|hlw wh|`dl;

Ce ie \IWB rligpjr( ieilrjbcg wh|`dl miw jr igy|crlw

djj` wl`calepipcje vrjvlrpclw( ie` cw algmiecgihhs ac}l`bs pml |v!nhjt njrglw jn pml cegjaced tiwpltiplr ie` pml

diw b|bbhlw blced dlelripl` ce pml

Rligpjr;


13/48


Njr pmip rliwje algmiecgih ac}ced gie bl jacppl` nrja

ie \IWB rligpjr pm|w rl`|gced givcpih ie` aicepleiegl

gjwpw% Pmcw ac}ced vrjglww ihwj legj|ridlw pml njraipcje

jn wh|`dl

drie|hlw%

Ncd|rl 2%

Wmivl ie`

wc{l jn drie|hlw

wh|`dl

Pml wh|`dl drie|hlw mi~l aies i`~iepidlw j~lr

gje~lepcjeih wh|`dl nhjgw;

@lewl gjavigp bcj!ncha

Mcdm wlpphl!ibchcps -76!=6 a*m#

Mcdm algmiecgih wprledpm

Bihiegl` acgrjbcih gjaa|ecps

Wseprjvmcg virpelrw ghjwlhs iwwjgcipl`

Mcdm alpmiejdlecg igpc~cps -6%< pj 2%6 d GJ@*d

^WW%`#

Rlwcwpiegl pj pj}cg wmjgo


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Ceplreih pmrll!vmiwl DWH l~cgl; Cewpihhl` ip pml pjv jn

pml pieo( pml DWH `l~cgl gjewpcp|plw ie lwwlepcih virp jn

ie \IWB rligpjr tcpm njhhjtced n|egpcjew;

Pj gjhhlgp( wlviripl ie` `cwgmirdl pml bcjdiw njral`%

Pj rl`|gl hcy|c` p|rb|hleglw( rlw|hpced nrja pml diw

vrj`|gpcje( ce pml wlpphced gjavirpalep%

Pj ihhjt wh|`dl virpcghlw pj wlviripl bs

wl`calepipcje( nhjgg|hipcje jr leprivalep ce pml

wh|`dl bhieolp%

Pj hcacp l}viewcje jn pml wh|`dl bl` ce pml `cdlwplr

gjavirpalep%

Pj rl`|gl jr vrl~lep pml girrs!j~lr jn wh|`dlvirpcghlw nrja pml wswpla%

\IWB Vrjglww

\vnhjt Ieilrjbcg Wh|`dl Bhieolp -\IWB# rligpjr miw

blle w|gglwwn|hhs |wl` pj prlip ~irclps jn ce`|wprcih iw tlhh

iw `jalwpcg tiwpltiplrw% Pml \IWB rligpjr gie bl


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9< IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

brclnhs `lwgrcbl` iw i wswpla ce tmcgm w|bwpripl viwwlw

ncrwp pmrj|dm ie l}vie`l` wh|`dl bl` gjepiceced i mcdm

gjeglepripcje jn bcjaiww% Pml wh|`dl ce pml rligpjr ais

l}cwp ce drie|hir jr nhjgg|hlep njra( b|p pml drie|hir

wh|`dl jnnlrw i`~iepidlw j~lr nhjgg|hlep wh|`dl% Ajwp jn

pml w|bwpripl rlaj~ih piolw vhigl ce wh|`dl bl`% Pml

rlaiceced vjrpcje jn pml w|bwpripl viwwlw pmrj|dm i hlww

`lewl bcjaiww( gihhl` pml wh|`dl bhieolp%

Vrj~cwcje jn w|nncgclep ~jh|al jn wh|`dl bhieolp cw

elglwwirs ibj~l pml wh|`dl bl`( tmcgm tchh vrj~c`l

n|rpmlr prlipalep pj pml tiwpltiplr bsl!viwwl` nrja pml

wh|`dl bl` `|l pj gmieelhced( ie` tchh mlhv ce

aicepiceced wpibhl lnnh|lep y|ihcps% Ibj~l wh|`dl bhieolp

pml rligpjr miw i pmrll!vmiwl wlviripjr( Diw!Hcy|c`!Wjhc`

-DHW#( tmcgm wlviriplw pml wjhc` virpcghlw nrja pml hcy|c`

ie` diw( ihhjtced hcy|c` ie` diw pj hli~l pml wswpla%

Vrjvlr `lwcde jn pmcw `l~cgl cw elglwwirs pj rlpice

ai}ca|a wh|`dl ce pml rligpjr pj inncra mcdm Wjhc`

Rlplepcje Pcal -WRP#( ibj|p


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9> IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

Pcal -MRP#% Ce dlelrih( pml wh|`dl bl` jgg|vclw 76 pj

>6, jn pml pjpih rligpjr ~jh|al( 26 pj 76, jn pml pjpih

~jh|al cw vrj~c`l` njr wh|`dl bhieolp ie` DHW wlviripjr

jgg|vclw rlaiceced 9< pj 76, jn pml pjpih ~jh|al%

Pml `lwcde jn pml \IWB rligpjr cw girrcl` j|p pioced ce pj

gjewc`lripcje pml ivvhcgibhl hji`ced riplw( w|gm iw(

ms`ri|hcg hji`ced ripl gjewc`lrced hcacpipcjew jn

w|vlrncgcih hcy|c` |vnhjt ~lhjgcps ie` Jrdiecg Hji`ced

Ripl -JHR#% Pml rligpjr ~jh|al cw tjrol` j|p pj w|cp

`lwcrl` riedl jn hji`ced( ie` mlcdmp ie` vhie irli irl

nceihcwl` gjewc`lrced |vnhjt ~lhjgcps% Tcpm pmcw ivvrjigm

ce `lwcde( cp ais ejp bl ihtisw vjwwcbhl pj iggjaaj`ipl

pml `lwcrl` riedl jn Wh|`dl Hji`ced Ripl -WHR# `|l pj

hcacpipcje jn wh|`dl bl` ~jh|al% Ihwj( cp ais ejp bl

ihtisw vjwwcbhl pj iggjaaj`ipl pml DHW wlviripjr

`l~cgl( tcpm `calewcjew rly|crl` njr vrj~c`ced w|nncgclep

irli njr diw!tiplr ceplrnigl( njr wlpphced( ie` njr ivlrp|rl

ip pml bjppja jn DHW `l~cgl pj i~jc` l}glwwc~l hcy|c`

cehlp ~lhjgcpclw ce pml wlpphlr% Pml wgmlaipcg `cidria jn

\IWB rligpjr cw vrlwlepl` ce Ncd|rl 2%


17/48


Ncd|rl 2% Wgmlaipcg `cidria jn \IWB rligpjr

\e`lr glrpice wcp|ipcje l%d%( njr hjt GJ@ gjeglepripcje

jn pml tiwpltiplr -ibj|p


18/48

9= IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

\IWB @lwcde gihg|hipcje;

Ce dlelrih( pmlrl irl ptj tisw pj `lwcde ie \IWBrligpjr

Cn cev|p GJ@;


19/48


tiwpltiplr

M -a# pml mlcdmp jn pieo gie bl gihg|hipl` bs; M 1 MW /MWl

Pml mlcdmp jn wh|`dl hislr Mw cw; Mw 1 ^ + MRP

tmlrl Mw; pml mlcdmp jn wh|`dl hislr irli -aice rligpjr#

ie` Mwl; pml mlcdmp jn wl`calepipcje irliTmlrl ^ 1

^lhjgcps jn nhjt 6%> pj 6%3 a*mMRP 1 Ms`ri|hcg

rlplepcje pcal -m#

Ce dlelrih( pml mlcdmp jn wh|`dl hislr tchh bl gmjwle ce

Pibhl 9;

Pibhl 9% Wh|`dl Hislr Mlcdmp Wlhlgpcje GJ@ cev|p

Wh|`dl hislr mlcdmp 85 7666 ad*h


20/48


Ncd|rl 7% I psvcgih aj`lh jn ie \IWB `lwcde

Gihg|hipced ie \IWB Pieo Biwl` je ^lhjgcps

Tmle cev|p GJ@ 8


21/48


1 7< a Pml mlcdmp jn wlppced irli MWl 9%2 a Pml

~jh|al jn pml \IWB rligpjr; T 1 Y } MRPPml irli jn

pml \IWB rligpjr; I 1 ^ * Y%


22/48



23/48


@lwcde Vrjgl`|rl Njr \IWB Rligpjr;

Pml \IWB rligpjr gie bl `lwcdel` iw gcrg|hir jr

rlgpied|hir% Aj`|hir `lwcde gie bl vrlnlrrl` tmle pml~jh|al jn rligpjr l}gll`w ibj|p 066 a7% Cp cw elglwwirs

pj wlhlgp vrjvlr riedl jn jvlripced virialplrw njr `lwcde(

w|gm iw( JHR( WHR( w|vlrncgcih hcy|c` |vnhjt ~lhjgcps

-rlnlrrl` iw hcy|c` |vnhjt ~lhjgcps#( ie` MRP% Pml

hcplrip|rl rlgjaale`ipcjew njr ihh pmlwl virialplrw ie`

`lwcde vrjgl`|rl pj iggj|ep pmlwl rlgjaale`ipcjew irl

dc~le blhjt%

Jrdiecg Gjeglepripcje ie` Hji`ced;

Njr GJ@ gjeglepripcje ce pml riedl 2 pj < d*H( pml

vlrnjraiegl jn pml rligpjr `lvle`w |vje pml hji`ced ripl

ie` cw ce`lvle`lep jn cenh|lep w|bwpripl gjeglepripcje%

Njr GJ@ gjeglepripcje drliplr pmie < d*H( cp cw

rlgjaale`l` pj `ch|pl pml tiwpltiplr pj ibj|p 2 d GJ@*

H `|rced vrcairs wpirp!|v jn pml rligpjr% Jegl( pml

vrcairs wpirp!|v jn pml rligpjr cw j~lr tcpm drie|hipcje jn

wh|`dl( hji`ced riplw gie bl cegrliwl` ce wplvw pj brced pml


24/48


igp|ih GJ@ gjeglepripcje jn pml tiwpltiplr% Pml hji`ced

ibj~l 9 ! 2 od GJ@* a7%` cw lwwlepcih njr vrjvlr

n|egpcjeced jn pml rligpjr%

Njr vrcairs wpirp!|v pml jvpcaih hji`ced riplw njr dlppced

mcdm GJ@ rlaj~ih lnncgclegs -ibj|p 36,# tcpmce wmjrp

wpirp!|v pcal( gj|vhl` tcpm dlelripcje jn djj` y|ihcps

drie|hir wh|`dl( irl JHR blptlle 2%6 ie` 7%> od GJ@*

a7%` ie` WHR blptlle 6%9< ie` 6%2< od GJ@* od

^WW%`% Pml JHR pj bl |wl` njr `lwcde jn \IWB rligpjr

njr `cnnlrlep plavlrip|rl cw vrj~c`l` bs Hlppcedi ie`

M|hwmjnn% Ce dlelrih( njr plavlrip|rl blptlle 9< ie` 7 IWM\PJWM WMIRAI BPLGM GMLACGIH LEDCELLRCED

Pibhl 9% Rlgjaale`l` hji`ced riedl njr `lwcde jn

\IWB rligpjr

biwl` je GJ@ gjeglepripcje ip i~lridl nhjt

Rligpjr jh|al;

Biwl` je pml mcdmlr w|cpibhl ~ih|l jn JHR( njr dc~leGJ@ gjeglepripcje( pml ~jh|al jn rligpjr rly|crl` cw pj

bl tjrol` j|p iw;

^jh|al 1 -Nhjt Ripl } GJ@ gjeglepripcje# * JHR

Njr pml w|cpibhl WHR ~ih|lw njr pmip GJ@ riedl -Pibhl 9#(

pml ~jh|al jn wh|`dl rly|crl` gie bl tjrol` j|p

gjewc`lrced pml i~lridl gjeglepripcje jn ^WW blptlle 2 a%

Tmchl `lwcdeced( cecpcihhs w|cpibhl mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr-ibj|p >a# gie bl gmjwle( ie` w|vlrncgcih hcy|c` |vnhjt

~lhjgcps cw pj bl tjrol` j|p iw mlcdmp* MRP% Cp cw

rlgjaale`l` pj i`jvp |vnhjt ~lhjgcps jn 6%4 a*m ip

i~lridl nhjt ie` 9%6 a*m pj 9%2a*m ip vlio nhjt%

Iggjr`cedhs( cn pml |vnhjt ~lhjgcps l}gll`w pml ai}ca|a

hcacpw mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr gie bl rl`|gl` ce wplvw |v pj

aceca|a jn 0 pj 0%< a% Cn pmcw cw ejp vjwwcbhl ce pml

ivvhcgibhl riedl jn mlcdmp( MRP wmihh bl aj`cncl` ie`

nrlwm rligpjr ~jh|al ie` JHR wmihh bl tjrol` j|p% Njr

hjt wprledpm tiwpltiplr( pml ai}ca|a hcy|c` |vnhjt

~lhjgcps blgjalw hcacpced ie` njr ~lrs mcdm wprledpm

tiwpltiplr ~lrs hjt ~lhjgcps -hlww pmie 6%9 a*m# cw

rly|crl` tmchl `lwcdeced pml \IWB rligpjr% \e`lr

glrpice wcp|ipcjew( pml rl~cwl` JHR ais bl hlww pmie pml

cecpcih JHR rlgjaale`l`% Cp cw i`~cwibhl pj ihhjt

hjtlrced jn JHR ce w|gm wcp|ipcjew pj gjeprjh |vnhjt


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~lhjgcps ce pml rligpjr njr vrjvlr vlrnjraiegl jn pml

rligpjr%

Inplr pmlwl cplripcjew njr ~jh|al ie` mlcdmp( pml vhie irligie bl tjrol` j|p ie` w|cpibhl `calewcjew jn pml rligpjr

gie bl i`jvpl`% Dlelrihhs( pml ai}ca|a `cialplr jr

wc`l hledpm jn wcedhl rligpjr wmj|h` bl olvp hlww pmie 26

a% Blnjrl nceihc{ced pml calewcjew jn pml rligpjrw( cp cw

elglwwirs pj gjewc`lr pml `calewcjew rly|crl` njr DHW

wlviripjr( blgi|wl pj iggjaaj`ipl pml DHW wlviripjr

allpced ihh rly|crlalepw( cp ais bl elglwwirs pj ihplr

mlcdmp ie` vhie irli jn pml rligpjr%

Diw!Hcy|c`!Wjhc` -DHW# Wlviripjr;

Ce jr`lr pj igmcl~l mcdmlwp vjwwcbhl wh|`dl mjh` |v |e`lr

jvlripcjeih gje`cpcjew( cp cw elglwwirs pj ly|cv pml \IWB

rligpjr tcpm i DHW wlviripjr `l~cgl% Pml aice jbklgpc~l

jn pmcw `lwcde cw pj nigchcpipl pml wh|`dl rlp|re tcpmj|p mlhv

jn ies l}plreih lelrds ie` gjeprjh `l~cgl% Pml d|c`lhcelw

njr wmivlw ie` `lwcde jn DHW wlviripjr irl dc~le bs

Hlppcedi ie` M|hwmjnn% Pml DHW wmj|h` bl `lwcdel` pj


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a% Pml e|ablr jn `jalw rly|crl` njr dc~le `cialplr -jr

tc`pm njr rlgpied|hir rligpjr# gie bl gihg|hipl` bs

`c~c`ced tc`pm jr `cialplr bs TB( ie` rj|e`ced pmcw

e|ablr% Tmlrl( TB1Tb/Ti( ie` Ti gie bl

gjewc`lrl` iw 6%2 a cecpcihhs% Inplr `lgc`ced pml e|ablr

jn `jalw( pml nhjt ripl wmirl` bs ligm `jal( cw pj bl

lwpcaipl` ce vrjvjrpcje pj pml biwl irli jn ligm `jal(

cegh|`ced ivlrp|rl tc`pm( pj pml pjpih irli jn pml rligpjr%

Ivlrp|rl tc`pm ip bjppja jn diw `jal; Pml irli jn

ivlrp|rl -Iv# rly|crl` gie bl gjav|pl` biwl` je pml

ai}ca|a cehlp ~lhjgcps jn hcy|c` pj bl ihhjtl`% Pmcw irli

gie bl lwpcaipl` iw nhjt ripl vlr `jal njr rlgpied|hir

rligpjr -jr gleprih `jal ce giwl jn gcrg|hir# `c~c`l` bs

ai}ca|a ~lhjgcps pj bl ihhjtl`% Pml ai}ca|a cehlp

~lhjgcps jn 7 a*m cw winl njr al`c|a ie` mcdm wprledpm

tiwpltiplr ie` njr hjt wprledpm pml cehlp ~lhjgcps hlww

pmie 2%6 a*m wmj|h` bl vrlnlrrl`% Pml tc`pm jn ivlrp|rl

-Ti# cw pj bl gihg|hipl` iw ivlrp|rl irli `c~c`l` bs hledpm

-jr ce giwl jn gcrg|hir rligpjr bs `cialplr# jn pml rligpjr%

Cp cw rlgjaale`l` pj |wl aceca|a ivlrp|rl tc`pm jn 6%2


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a ie` cn pml tc`pm rly|crl` cw drliplr pmie 6%< a( pmle

cegrliwl pml e|ablr jn `jal bs jel ie` rlvlip lirhclr

wplvw pchh cp cw hlww pmie 6%< a%

Ncd|rl 7% @lpichw jn pml Diw!Hcy|c`!Wjhc` -DHW#

Wlviripjr

Tc`pm ip diw!tiplr ceplrnigl; Pml diw vrj`|gpcje

l}vlgpl` ce pml rligpjr gie bl lwpcaipl` biwl` je pml

JHR wlhlgpl` njr pml `lwcde ie` l}vlgpl` GJ@ rlaj~ih

lnncgclegs ce pml riedl 46 pj 36 vlrglep% Pml diw

vrj`|gpcje gie bl lwpcaipl` iw 6%7< a7 *od GJ@rlaj~l` ip iabclep plavlrip|rl% Nrja pmcw diw

vrj`|gpcje pml bcjdiw gjhhlgpcje vlr `jal cw pj bl tjrol`

j|p ce vrjvjrpcje tcpm vlrglepidl jn irli gj~lrl` bs pml

`jal% Pml bcjdiw hji`ced ip diw!tiplr ceplrnigl gie bl


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gihg|hipl` iw diw gjhhlgpcje vlr `jal `c~c`l` bs vrj`|gp

jn pjv tc`pm jn diw gjhhlgpjr -Tp# ie` hledpm jn pml

rligpjr -`cialplr( ce giwl jn gcrg|hir rligpjr#% Pml

hji`ced jn bcjdiw ip diw!tiplr ceplrnigl wmj|h` bl olvp

hlww pmie =6 a7 diw* a2%` -ibj|p 7 a*m#% Cecpcihhs pml pjv

tc`pm gie bl iww|al` iw 6%7 a ie` njr pmcw tc`pm cn pml

bcjdiw hji`ced cw hlww pmie 7%6 a*m pmle i`jvp 6%7 a iw pjv

tc`pm%

Cn pml bcjdiw hji`ced cw drliplr pmie 7%6 a*m( gihg|hipl pml

pjv tc`pm rly|crl`% Dlelrihhs( pjv tc`pm jn 6%7 pj 6%4 a

gie bl i`jvpl` ce `lwcde tcpm ai}ca|a jn 9%6 a% Tmle

l~le tcpm ai}ca|a pjv tc`pm( cn bcjdiw hji`ced cw

drliplr pmie 7%6 a*m rl`|gl pml mlcdmp jn DHW wlviripcje

`l~cgl pj 26, ie` rlvlip pml lirhclr wplvw jn DHW

wlviripjr `lwcde( tcpm nrlwm e|ablr jn `jalw% L~le tcpm

rl`|gpcje ce mlcdmp jn DHW wlviripjr cn pmlwl gmlgow irl

ejp wipcwnsced( vrj~c`l i``cpcjeih hislr jn diw gjhhlgpjr

`jal% Tmle ptj jr ajrl hislr jn diw gjhhlgpjrw irl |wl`

pml mlcdmp jn ligm hislr gie bl 9< pj 26, jn pml j~lrihh

rligpjr mlcdmp( tcpm aceca|a mlcdmp jn ligm hislr iw 9%2


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a ie` ai}ca|a |v pj 9%< pj 2%6 a% Pml nrlwm bcjdiw

gjhhlgpcje vlr `jal cw pj bl tjrol` j|p ie` n|rpmlr wplvw

irl rlvlipl` |epch ihh `lwcde gje`cpcjew irl wipcwncl`%

Gmlgo njr W|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl;

Pml tc`pm jn pml tiplr w|rnigl -Tw# i~ichibhl njr wlpphced

jn wjhc`w njr ligm diw `jal( ip pjv jn pml rligpjr( gie bl

gihg|hipl` iw `cnnlrlegl jn TB ie` Tp% Pmlgjrrlwvje`ced w|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl cw gihg|hipl` iw

ms`ri|hcg nhjt ripl vlr `jal `c~c`l` bs vrj`|gp jn hledpm

-jr `cialplr# ie` Tw%

Cp cw rlgjaale`l` pmip pml w|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl njrlnnlgpc~l wlpphced jn wjhc`w bigo pj pml rligpjr wmj|h` bl

hlww pmie 26 a7*a2%` ip i~lridl nhjt ie` wmj|h` bl hlww

pmie 7> a7*a2%` |e`lr vlio nhjt gje`cpcjew% Cn pml

gihg|hipl` w|rnigl j~lrnhjt ripl cw allpced pmlwl grcplrci

pml `lwcde jn pml DHW wlviripjr cw nceih% Tmle cp cw

l}gll`ced pml hcacpw rlgjaale`l`( cp cw i`~cwibhl pj

rl`|gl pml mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr( pm|w( njr wial ~jh|al jn

pml rligpjr ajrl vhie irli tchh bl i~ichibhl% Tmle pml


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mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr cw rl`|gl` ihh lirhclr wplvw njr `lwcde

jn DHW wlviripjr wmj|h` bl rlvlipl` pj wipcwns ihh `lwcde

grcplrcje% Pml aceca|a mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr wmj|h` bl

rlwprcgpl` pj 0%6 a -vrlnlribhs 0%< a#% Jegl( ihh pml

`lwcde grcplrci irl wipcwncl` pml iedhl jn ceghceipcje jn pml

diw gjhhlgpjr `jal tcpm mjrc{jepih -y# gie bl gihg|hipl`

iw y 1 pie!9_ 2m* -TbTp#Q%

Binnhl jn w|nncgclep j~lrhiv -6%9 pj 6%2 a# wmj|h` bl

vrj~c`l` blhjt pml diw gjhhlgpjr ce jr`lr pj i~jc` leprs jn

bcjdiw ce pml wlpphced gjavirpalep% Pml `cialplr jn pml

diw l}mi|wp vcvlw wmj|h` bl w|nncgclep pj d|iriepll liws

rlaj~ih jn pml bcjdiw nrja pml diw gjhhlgpcje giv(

virpcg|hirhs ce giwl jn njiaced% Dlelrihhs( hjtlr rligpjr

mlcdmp cw rly|crl` njr \IWB rligpjr prlipced wltidl%

\e`lr glrpice wcp|ipcje( virpcg|hirhs njr ~lrs hjt wprledpm

jn tiwpltiplr( l~le tcpm rl`|gpcje jn mlcdmp pj pml

aceca|a ais ejp allp ihh `lwcde rly|crlalepw% Ce w|gm

giwlw pml JHR i`jvpl` njr `lwcde gie bl rl`|gl` pj

vrj~c`l drliplr ~jh|al jn pml rligpjr ie` mlegl ajrl

vhie irli pj allp pml lepcrl `lwcde grcplrcje%


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Lnnh|lep Gjhhlgpcje Wswpla;

Pml lnnh|lep miw pj hli~l pml \IWB rligpjr ~ci e|ablr jn

hi|e`lrw `cwprcb|pl` j~lr lepcrl irli `cwgmirdced( pj aicehi|e`lr vrj~c`l` ip vlrcvmlrs jn pml rligpjr% Pml lnnh|lep

hi|e`lrw gie bl `lwcdel` ce w|gm i tis pmip pml tlcr

hji`ced -a7*a%`# wmj|h` ejp l}gll` pml `lwcde grcplrci jn

Wlgje`irs Wlpphced Pieo -c%l%9=< a7*a%`#% Pml tc`pm jn

pml hi|e`lrw ais bl aceca|a 6%26 a pj nigchcpipl

aicepleiegl% Pml `lvpm jn pml hi|e`lr gie bl tjrol` j|p

iw jvle gmieelh nhjt%

I``cpcjeih `lvpm jn 6%96 pj 6%9< a wmihh bl vrj~c`l` pj

nigchcpipl nrll nhjt% Je bjpm wc`lw jn pml hi|e`lrw ^

ejpgmlw wmihh bl |wl`% Tmle lnnh|lep hi|e`lrw irl

vrj~c`l` tcpm wg|a binnhlw( pml ^ ejpgmlw tchh bl

vrjplgpl` nrja ghjddced iw pml binnhlw rlpice pml nhjipced

aiplrcihw% I wg|a hislr ais njra ip pml pjv jn rligpjr

ie` wh|`dl igg|a|hipcje gie jgg|r ce pml hi|e`lr mlegl(

vlrcj`cgih ghlieced jn hi|e`lrw ie` rlaj~ih jn wg|a

wmj|h` bl girrcl` j|p%


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@lwcde jn Nll` Cehlp Wswpla;

Cp cw cavjrpiep pj lwpibhcwm jvpca|a gjepigp blptlle pml

wh|`dl i~ichibhl cewc`l pml rligpjr ie` tiwpltiplri`acppl`( ie` pj i~jc` gmieelhced jn pml tiwpltiplr

pmrj|dm wh|`dl bl`% Mlegl( vrjvlr `lwcde jn cehlp

`cwprcb|pcje wswpla cw elglwwirs% @lvle`ced je

pjvjdrivms( v|avced irriedlalep( ie` hcolhcmjj`

bhjgoced jn cehlp vcvlw( jel gj|h` vrj~c`l lcpmlr -c#

dri~cps nll` nrja pjv -vrlnlrrl` njr tiwpltiplr tcpm mcdm

w|wvle`l` nrigpcje#( jr -cc# v|avl` nll` nrja bjppja

pmrj|dm aiecnjh` ie` hiplrihw -vrlnlrrl` ce giwl jn wjh|bhl

ce`|wprcih tiwpltiplrw#%

Pml rj|dm d|c`lhcelw njr pml e|ablr jn nll` cehlp vjcepw

rly|crl` ce \IWB rligpjr cw vrlwlepl` bs Hlppcedi ie`

M|hwmjnn njr `cnnlrlep gjeglepripcje jn pml wh|`dl cewc`l

pml rligpjr ie` ivvhcgibhl hji`ced riplw% Ce dlelrih( pml

irli pj bl wlr~l` bs ligm nll` cehlp vjcep wmj|h` bl

blptlle 9 ie` 7 a2% Hjtlr irli vlr cehlp vjcep -9 a2# cw

pj bl i`jvpl` njr rligpjr `lwcdel` njr JHR jn ibj|p 9 od

GJ@*a7%`( ie` mcdmlr irli -2 pj 7 a2# vlr cehlp vjcep gie


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bl vrj~c`l` pj pml rligpjr `lwcdel` njr JHR drliplr pmie

2 od GJ@*a7%`% Ivirp nrja pml e|ablr jn nll` cehlp

vjcepw( pml aceca|a ie` ai}ca|a j|pnhjt ~lhjgcps

pmrj|dm pml ej{{hlw wmj|h` ihwj bl dc~le `|l

gjewc`lripcje tmchl `lwcdeced%

Pmcw j|pnhjt ~lhjgcps pmrj|dm ej{{hlw gie bl olvp

blptlle 6%< ie` 0%6 a*w% Pml ly|ipcje jn gje`cpcje njr

ai}ca|a vjtlr priewnlr pmrj|dm ej{{hl gie bl |wl` njr

tjroced j|p ej{{hl jr cehlp vcvlw `cialplr% Pml ghjddced

jn pml ej{{hlw ais rlvrlwlep wlrcj|w vrjbhla rlw|hpced ce

|el~le `cwprcb|pcje jn pml tiwpltiplr j~lr rligpjr

bjppja( virpcg|hirhs tmle prlipced virpcihhs wjh|bhl

tiwpltiplr%

Gjewpr|gp aiplrcih;

Ce pml ieilrjbcg gje`cpcjew jn ie \IWB rligpjr( pmlrl cw

i rcwo jn gjrrjwcje ce ptj aice wcp|ipcjew;

Wjal M2W diw gie viww pml DWH wlviripjr ie`

igg|a|hipl ibj~l pml tiplr hl~lh ce pml pjv jn pml

rligpjr% Pmcw tchh bl j}c`c{l` pj w|hvmipl bs j}sdle


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ce pml icr pj njra W|hvm|rcg Igc` pmip tchh ce p|re

gi|wl gjrrjwcje jn bjpm gjegrlpl ie` wpllh%

Blhjt pml tiplr hl~lh; Gihgc|a J}c`l( -GiJ#( ce

gjegrlpl gie bl `cwwjh~l tcpm bs Girbje @cj}c`l(

-GJ2#( ce pml hcy|c` ce hjt vM gje`cpcjew%

Pj i~jc` pmlwl vrjbhlaw( pml aiplrcih |wl` pj gjewpr|gp

pml \IWB rligpjr wmj|h` bl gjrrjwcje rlwcwpiep( w|gm iw

wpicehlww wpllh jr vhiwpcgw( jr bl vrj~c`l` tcpm vrjvlr

w|rnigl gjipcedw( -l%d% gjipl` gjegrlpl ripmlr pmie gjipl`

wpllh( vhiwpcg gj~lrl` tcpm cavrldeipl` mir`tjj` njr pml

wlpphlr( vhiwpcg njrpcncl` vhstjj`( lpg#%


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Jvlripcje;

Jvlripcje grcplrci; Pml jvpca|a vM riedl cw nrja >%> pj

4%> Pml tiwpltiplr plavlrip|rlw wmj|h` ejp bl 8 < Gblgi|wl hjt plavlrip|rlw gie cavl`l pml ms`rjhswcw ripl

jn vmiwl 9 ie` pml igpc~cps jn alpmiejdlecg bigplrci%

Pmlrlnjrl ce tceplr wliwje( alpmiel diw ais bl ell`l`

pj mlip pml tiwpltiplr pj bl prlipl` ce pml rligpjr%

Ihtisw aicepice pml ripcj jn GJ@ ; E ; V 1 7


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Rlpir`ced jr l~le gjavhlplhs jbwpr|gpced pml

njraipcje jn wh|`dl drie|hlw%

Leprivalep jn drie|hir wh|`dl ce i hislr jn i`wjrbl`

cewjh|bhl aipplr ie` wjalpcalw ihwj nihhced ivirp

-`cwcepldripcje# jn drie|hir wh|`dl%

I w|``le ie` ihajwp gjavhlpl tiwm!j|p jn pml

wh|`dl vrlwlep ce rligpjr

@lghcel jn pml j~lrihh alpmiejdlecg igpc~cps jn pmlwh|`dl `|l pj igg|a|hipcje jn WW

Pmlrlnjrl( pml WW gjeglepripcje ce pml nll` pj pml rligpjr

wmj|h` ejp l}gll`


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Pml wpirp!|v jn pml \IWB rligpjr gie bl gjewc`lrl` pj bl

gjavhlpl jegl i wipcwnigpjrs vlrnjraiegl jn pml wswpla

miw blle rligml` ip cpw `lwcde hji`%

Jpmlr Rly|crlalepw;

Cp cw elglwwirs pj ollv vrj~cwcje njr rlaj~ih jn l}glww

wh|`dl nrja pml rligpjr% Ihpmj|dm( pml l}glww wh|`dl cw

tiwpl` nrja ibj|p ac``hl mlcdmp jn pml rligpjr( cp cw ihwjelglwwirs pj aiol irriedlalep ip bjppja jn pml rligpjr%

Ce i``cpcje( < pj > e|ablrw jn ~ih~lw wmj|h` bl vrj~c`l`

j~lr rligpjr mlcdmp pj nigchcpipl wiavhced jn pml wh|`dl%

Njr prlipced mcdm wprledpm tiwpltiplr cp cw rlgjaale`l`

pj ivvhs lnnh|lep rlgsghl( ce jr`lr pj `ch|pl GJ@

gjeglepripcje ie` pj cavrj~l gjepigp blptlle wh|`dl ie`

tiwpltiplr%

Njr prlipced tiwpltiplr tcpm GJ@ gjeglepripcje drliplr

pmie 0 ! < d*H( cp cw rlgjaale`l` pj ivvhs `ch|pcje `|rced

wpirp!|v( njr vrjvlr drie|hipcje jn wh|`dl cewc`l \IWB

rligpjr% I|}chcirs ly|cvalep miw pj bl cewpihhl` njr

i``cpcje jn lwwlepcih e|prclepw( ie` ihoihcecps njr gjeprjh jn


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vM jn pml cenh|lep% Pml jpmlr ly|cvalepw pj bl vrj~c`l`

irl njr aliw|rlalep jn vM( plavlrip|rl( cenh|lep nhjt

ripl( ie` diw vrj`|gpcje ripl%

Pm|w( pmcw `lwcde jn pml rligpjr tchh allp ihh `lwcde

rlgjaale`ipcje vrjvjwl` ce pml hcplrip|rl% Pml vrjvlr

`lwcde jn rligpjr ihjed tcpm DHW wlviripjr tchh mlhv ce

blpplr rlplepcje jn pml wh|`dl cewc`l pml rligpjr% Pmcw tchh

mlhv ce rl`|gced wpirp!|v pcal( rly|crl` njr pml rligpjr pj

igmcl~l wpli`s wpipl( ie` blpplr vlrnjraiegl jn pml rligpjr

`|rced wpli`s wpipl%

Ce pmcw `lwcde vrjgl`|rl ncrwp vrcjrcps cw dc~le njr

aicepiceced ai}ca|a vjwwcbhl GJ@ gje~lrwcje

lnncgclegs jn pml rligpjr( bs wlhlgpced vrjvlr hji`ced

gje`cpcjew njr pmip GJ@ gjeglepripcjew( ie` pmle pj prs

njr acecac{ced gjwp jn pml rligpjr% Njr dc~le GJ@

gjeglepripcje jn pml tiwpltiplr ai}ca|a vjwwcbhl

hji`ced riplw irl |wl` ce pml bldceeced ie` rl`|gl` ce

wplvw pchh pml `lwcde wipcwnclw ihh pml rly|crlalepw% Pm|w(

pmcw `lwcde tchh vrj~c`l aceca|a ~jh|al jn pml rligpjr

wipcwnsced ihh `lwcde rlgjaale`ipcjew%


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\IWB Rligpjr Vlrnjraiegl;

Wlviripcje jn cenhjt pj ligm \IWB glhh( ~lepchipcje(

wiavhced ie` l}glww wh|`dl wswplaw ejp wmjte( njrghircps% Ihwj ejpl pmip hcy|c` hl~lh cewc`l hl~lh tchh bl

blhjt j~lrnhjt tlcr bs i mlcdmp 1 diw vrlww|rl -u 6%2 !

6%7a#


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Ncd|rl =; Prlipalep Vlrnjraiegl


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Design Operation of Uasb Reactor

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