DESIGN OF A HOUSE A Presentation by: Ar. Anuja Gopal Head of Department Govt. Polytechnic College Bathinda. [email protected].

DESIGN OF A HOUSE

A Presentation by: Ar. Anuja Gopal Head of Department Govt. Polytechnic College Bathinda. [email protected]

HOUSE

•A house is shelter in which human beings live.

•A home is a house in which one and his family live,enjoy all the happiness,affection and love of each other.

•A building used for dwelling purposes is known as residential buildings

HOUSE

•House need to be planned according to the needs of the occupants and also according to available funds.

•The house need to be planned on the basis of a family as a unit .

•No hard and fast rules for particular standard of accommodation can be laid down.

HOUSE

•Kitchen ,lavatory , drawing room and bed room are the minimum essential requirements for any family.

•When economy demands , additional activities may be accommodated in some of the rooms.

•e.g. dinning space may be provided in kitchen itself , drawing room may be used as guest room also.

PLANNING OF HOUSE

A house can be divided into three major areas . These areas are:

•LIVING AREA•SLEEPING AREA•SERVICE AREA

LIVING AREA

•This area is for general use .Hence the living and drawing room should be planned near the entrance . It should be planned taking into view some consideration.

LIVING AREA

• It should not provide direct passage to bed rooms and W.C or bath.

• It should be adjacent to the dining room.• It should be comfortable and spacious in

order to accommodate furniture and also allow proper circulation area.

• It should be sufficiently lighted and offer an attractive view of surroundings.

• It should have a southern and northern aspect.

SLEEPING AREA

• This area provides bed rooms for sleeping and relaxing.

•Bed rooms may be with attached toilets.•Their size depends upon the number of

beds.•They should be located so as to give

privacy .•They should have a North-West or South-

West aspect.

SERVICE AREA

Service area includes:

•KITCHEN•DINNING AREA•BATH ROOM and W.C

KITCHEN

•It may be adjacent to the dinning room or may be separate.

•It consists of a cooking area ,washing area and storage area.

•It should have an eastern ,north eastern aspect.

DINNING ROOM

•This room may be attached to the living room or to the kitchen.

•Kitchen activities should be screened from the dinning area by means of cupboards or a screen.

•A service window may be provided between the kitchen and the dinning room.

BATH and W.C

•Should be approachable from all the rooms.

•Dadoes or glazed tiles should be provided on the walls.

•Should be provided with necessary fixtures.

•Sizes and types of W.C , wash basin , electrical installations for hot water , plumbing fixtures etc. control the size of bath room and W.C.

OTHER ROOMS

Other rooms such as office , puja room ,study etc. may be suitably located near the living room, bed room or kitchen.

FUNCTIONAL PLANNING AND CIRCULATION•All the areas are designed taking into

consideration the purpose for which each room will be used.

•The purpose decides the size , placing and size of windows, furniture etc.

•All rooms are grouped together by means of a passage, lobby, staircase etc.

FUNCTIONAL PLANNING AND CIRCULATION•The circulation areas should be as small

as possible and at the same time, it should be well ventilated and lighted.

•While planning architect is supposed to use his

judgement in fulfilling the needs of the owner , with due considerations to economy, rules and regulations , customs ,type of family and their needs.

VARIOUS AREAS IN A HOUSE

•Drawing room•Dinning room•Bed room•Dressing room•Toilets•Store room•Puja room

VARIOUS AREAS IN A HOUSE

•Kitchen•Guest room•Children’s room•Staircase•Garage•verandahs

REQUIREMENTS OF ROOMS

•A house consists of various rooms for different purposes.

•The real art in home design is to group all the rooms in such a way that resulting building proves most convenient, comfortable to its inmates.

•Every inch of land is to be used to the best possible advantage.

VARIOUS TYPES OF HOUSES

•DETACHED HOUSES OR BUNGALOWS•SEMI-DETACHED HOUSES•FLATS OR APPARTMENT HOUSES•ROW HOUSES OR CHAWLS•SKYSCRAPERS

DETACHED HOUSES

•Mostly single storeys but these days these can be double storeyed.

•Requirements depend on the size of the family.

•Ages of the members and their particular needs affect the requirements.

SEMI-DETACHED HOUSES

•These houses may be single storeyed or two storeyed.

•Such houses have one wall common with the adjacent house.

•However , each of the dwelling loses aspect of one direction and prospect from that side.

FLATS OR APPARTMENT HOUSES

•Flats are constructed where land is very costly and population to be accommodated in limited area is quite large.

•It is a unit of two or more rooms providing accommodation for one family.

•Several flats on one floor and may be even upto seven storeys.

•Lifts and staircases for vertical circulation.

FLATS OR APPARTMENT HOUSES

•Generally blocks of flats are constructed on one site.

•Various blocks are planned in various layouts such as H,E,Y,L,T etc.

•Adequate space for parking of vehicles is must.

•Privacy and sanitation are the important design aspects.

•Normally 50% of the site area is used for building and remaining for courtyards , gardens and play areas etc.

ROW HOUSES OR CHAWLS

•Here dewelling units are located by the sides of each other in a row,having front or rear verandahs or balcony for access.

•Each unit has narrow frontage.•Usually there are two rooms.•Sanitary conveniences are generally in

common.

ROW HOUSES OR CHAWLS

•Means of access to individual units are lobby, corridors connected to a staircase.

•Row houses are self sufficient dwelling units in a row and are superior.

•Chawls have sanitary conveniences in common and are cheaper.

SKYSCRAPERS

•A building having more than seven storeys as its height is known as skyscrapers.

•These come under vertical expansion of the city.

•They are adopted where horizontal expansion of the city is impossible or very difficult.

•Skyscrapers usually develop in metropolitan cities.

TYPES OF PLANS FOR A HOUSE

•SINGLE BED ROOM HOUSE PLANS•TWO BED ROOM HOUSE PLANS•THREE BED ROOM HOUSES3

SINGLE BED ROOM HOUSE

•Single bed room house is suitable for small families in urban areas or for out houses on large sites.

•These houses are designed keeping in view the limited budget.

•Despite small size complete privacy has been provided for the bed room.

SINGLE BED ROOM HOUSE

•Such houses are suitable for holiday homes.

•In such plans, Bed room and kitchen are on one side of the living room.

•Such houses do not have separate Dining room.

SINGLE BED ROOM HOUSE

•Main entry to the house is through a sit out.

•Bed room is on side of living room and dining room .

•Even though the bed room door is next to living room , complete privacy is assured by creating a small circulation area .

•Car parking area is also provided.

SINGLE BED ROOM HOUSE

TWO BED ROOM HOUSE

FEATURES:•Compact house for a small family.•Entrance through lobby.•Living and dining in a single room but

screen or side board acts as a partition.

TWO BED ROOM HOUSE

•One bed room has attached toilet.•Utility space near kitchen is provided.•This area can be used to provide

staircase.•This plan is ideal for middle class family.

TWO BED ROOM HOUSE(Double toreyed)

TWO BED ROOM HOUSE

FEATURES:•Entrance lobby has been eliminated but

small sit out is provided .•Main entrance directly in the living room.•No separate dining room.•One bed room has attached toilet.•Other bed room is on first floor.•Deep porch is used for parking.

TWO BED ROOM HOUSE(Double storeyed)•Living areas which includes living

room ,kitchen and dining are located on ground floor.

•Staircase is somewhere in the middle.•Bed rooms are located on the first floor.•No provision for separate balcony to bed

room.

THREE BED ROOM HOUSE

•Such houses do not have limited budget.•All bed rooms can be on one floor or can

be designed on different floors.•Sizes of various bed rooms depend on the

plot area and personal likings of the users.

THREE BED ROOM HOUSE

•It is a three bed room single storey house.

•Living room ,dining room ,kitchen and bath and W.C are on same floor.

•All bed rooms are also on same floor.•Privacy of each and every room is

maintained.

THREE BED ROOM HOUSE

•Very well laid out house plan.•All rooms on ground floor .•Living room is well lighted on two sides.•Well lit family area.•Kitchen is centrally located.•Master bed room has attached toilet.

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