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Design Methodologies for Embedded Systems(Research Area M3)(Research Area M3)

Vittorio Cortellessa, Luigi Pomante

DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting

L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014

Overview

• Introduction

• Research Lines– Model-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems

• Non-functional validation of HW/SW systems

• Non-functional models in Model-Driven Architecture

• Model-Driven HW/SW Co-Design• Model-Driven HW/SW Co-Design

• Projects– PRESTO

– VISION

– CRAFTERS

– EMC2

DEWS International Advisory Board Meeting L’Aquila, May 13th – 14 th, 2014

Research Area M3

Introduction

Research Group

• V. Cortellessa– Research Area Responsible

– Research Line Responsible (MDE for ES)

• L. Pomante– Research Line Responsible (ES Rapid Protoyping)

– Project Responsible

• The Core Team– L. Berardinelli, C. Trubiani, P. Pelliccione

– M. Colizza, F. Federici

– H. Muccini, I. Malavolta

– F. Santucci, M. Pugliese, S. Marchesani


Research Area

• Embedded systems are pervasive in today’s products

and grow at an impressive pace

– Their growing complexity (multi/many cores, heterogeneous, reconfigurable, cyber-physical, etc…) could represent soon an unmanageable limit for the designer

• This research area focuses on design methodologies for • This research area focuses on design methodologies for embedded systems evolving towards the adoption of model-

based approaches at increasingly higher abstraction levels

• Two main research lines

– Embedded Systems Rapid Prototyping

– Model-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems


Research Area M3

Research Lines

Research Lines

• Model-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems

– This research line is about customizing classic Model-Driven Engineering approaches to embedded systems development

• In particular, DEWS is focusing on

– Model transformations targeting reconfigurable heterogeneous

distributed/parallel HW/SW platformsdistributed/parallel HW/SW platforms

– Verification & Validation for functional and non-functional properties

– Electronic System Level (ESL) Design Space Exploration that leads to

HW/SW partitioning, architecture definition and mapping


Research LinesModel-Driven Engineering for Embedded Systems


HW/SW domain is intrinsically distant from non-functional analysis one

requirement

architecture

designspecification

implementation response time

operational profile

workload

throughput recovery latency

Reluctance to embed non-functional modeling

and analysis in the HW/SW development process

requirementfailure probability

HW/SW modelingNon-functional analysis

Bayesian Belief Network

MarkovianModel

Stochastic Process Algebra

StochasticPetri Net

Queuing Network

“Human made” (ad-hoc) non-functional models:

difficult to achieve and prone to errors




A new vision in non-functional validation (1998-today)

Introducing automation

to generate

non-functional models

from SW/HW models

Basic SW/HW

Model

(original notation)Validation of

Functional from SW/HW models

Big effort devoted to design

model transformations having

performance/reliability/...

models as targets

(original notation)

Additional

Information:

model

annotations

Ready-to-validate

Non-Functional

Model

(usually new

notation)

Functional

Requirements

Validation of

Non-Functional

Requirements

Missing data to be embedded in a SW/HW model for NF validation



• Non-functional models in Model-Driven Architecture

security

availability

CIM

PIM

PSM

CIRM

PIRM

PSRM

reliability

Annotation and

transformation

Annotation and

transformation



• Model-Driven HW/SW Co-Design

– Electronic System Level (ESL) Design Space Exploration that leads to HW/SW partitioning, architecture definition and mapping

System

Behaviour

Specification

Use/Test

Cases

TimingConstraints

System-Level Flow

Functional

Simulation

Co-AnalysisCo-Estimation

Processors

Memories

Interconnections

DataLibrary

- Affinity- Timing

- Size

- Concurrency

- Load

- Bandwidth

HW/SW

Partitioningand Architecture

Definition

TimingCo-Simulation

Design Space Exploration

Algorithm-Level

Flow

ArchitecturalConstraints

Scheduling

Directives

System-Level Flow

Hetrogeneous

Parallel

Dedicated

System


Research Area M3

Projects

Research Area M3

Projects

PRESTO

Improvements of Industrial Real Time Embedded Systems Development Process

Artemis-JU ASP

Projects

• PRESTO

– PRESTO addresses improvements on test-based embeddedsystems development, while considering industrial constraints

• This project is based on the integration of

– test-traces obtained during software integration phase

– application and HW/SW platform models– application and HW/SW platform models

– design space exploration techniques


Projects

• PRESTO

– DEWS has been working on trace-based non-functionalanalysis of software/hardware systems, with a particularemphasis on properties specification and performanceassessment

• We have been working in a formal model-driven context in order • We have been working in a formal model-driven context in order

to investigate how model-driven support can be useful to overcome

non-functional limitations of hardware/software systems

– In particular, we have worked within the fUML (i.e. foundational UML,

a recent OMG standard) modeling notation that, while keeping the

standard characterization of UML, provides a subset of UML

diagrams that can be formally analyzed to show how the analysis of

certain NFPs can be performed solely based on UML models


Projects

• PRESTO– Thereafter, we have studied how to combine fUML and Profiles

for non-functional analysis based on model execution traces

• In particular, we have introduced a framework for bridging the gap between executable fUML models and UML profiled applications that are required for model-based analysis using a dedicated integration layerintegration layer

– Finally, other relevant ongoing activities are related to the integration of the proposed trace-based non-functional analysis approach with automatic HW/SW mapping techniques


Research Area M3

Projects

VISION

Video-oriented UWB-based Intelligent Ubiquitous Sensing

FP7 "Ideas" Specific Programme (European Research Council Staring Grant Agreement)

Projects

• VISION

– VISION proposes to develop an innovative infrastructure for strengthening future wireless sensor networks (WSN) with the capability of supporting intelligent services for ubiquitous sensing, with particular emphasis on real-time 3D video sensing

• VISION adopts a dynamic QoS management that relay on a specific • VISION adopts a dynamic QoS management that relay on a specific

middleware which links together all HW components of the system


Projects

• VISION

– The main contribution of DEWS is related to the MW layer

• Development of a mobile-agent MW based on an existing one (i.e.

Agilla) that has been ported (i.e. from TinyOS 1.x to TinyOS 2.x)

and enhanced (Agilla 2.0) to provide

– resource monitoring and reconfiguration support to the VISION QoS – resource monitoring and reconfiguration support to the VISION QoS

Manager

– advanced audio services to be integrated in the VISION WSN

– advanced WSN security services

» i.e. cryptography and Intrusion Detection


Projects

• VISION

– Moreover, the Agilla Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) has been characterized with respect to timing and energy consumption to allow proper UML-based modeling and simulation activities

• In particular, we have experimented the fUML environment for the

non-functional analysis of Wireless Sensor Network applications to non-functional analysis of Wireless Sensor Network applications to

extend an existing UML-based approach for the design and code

generation of Agilla applications with functional simulation and

timing analysis capabilities through executable UML models


Research Area M3

Projects

CRAFTERSConstraint and Application Driven Framework for Tailoring Embedded Real-time Systems

Artemis-JU ASP

Projects

• CRAFTERS

– CRAFTERS faces the problem that european ICT-based serviceand product innovation is curtailed by the growing vertical chainof dependence on poorly interoperable proprietary technologies

• Service and product development efforts are high with many

uncertainties and industry is discouraged from engaging in suchuncertainties and industry is discouraged from engaging in such

ventures

– For this, CRAFTERS proposes a computing environment formany-core systems derived from vertical domains that willenable the evolution to horizontal domains by providing commonmethods, tools and reference platforms for embedded real-timemany-core applications


Projects

• CRAFTERS

– DEWS has been working on the architectural design of avalidation suite for embedded SW, and on the performance-based selection of system features under uncertainty


Projects

• CRAFTERS

– Another ongoing activity is related to the exploitation of an existing framework (i.e. DUALLy) to create interoperability among diferent modeling notations

– Finally, since CRAFTERS is related also to HW development on FPGA, DEWS has contributed to the development of

• HW mechanisms to support profiling for metrics evaluation

• one of the reference many-core platforms to be used in the

development of projects demonstrators


Research Area M3

Projects

EMC2

Embedded multi-core systems for mixed criticality applications in dynamic and changeable real-time

environments

Artemis-JU AIPP

Projects

• EMC2

– EMC2 project is just started (April 2014)

• It focuses on the industrialization of European research outcomes

and builds on the results of previous ARTEMIS, European and

National projects

– It provides the paradigm shift to a new and sustainable system– It provides the paradigm shift to a new and sustainable system

architecture which is suitable to handle open dynamic systems

• EMC² is part of the European Embedded Systems industry strategy

to maintain its leading edge position by providing solutions for

– dynamic adaptability in open systems

– utilization of expensive system features only as service-on-demand

– handling of mixed criticality applications under real-time conditions,

scalability and utmost flexibility

– full scale deployment and management of integrated tool chains


Projects

• EMC2

– The main contributions of DEWS will be related to

• the development of a MW for service interoperability support

• the definition and the integration of innovative design space

exploration approaches

• the evaluation (in collaboration with Thales Alenia Space Italy) of• the evaluation (in collaboration with Thales Alenia Space Italy) of

different multi-core HW/SW architectures on FPGA platforms and

related development methodologies to assess their suitability for

space mixed-criticality applications


Research Area M3

That’s all Folks!

Any questions?

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